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THE 

KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

COMPLETE 

MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK, 

CONTAINING 

THE HISTORY, DEFENCE, PRINCIPLES, AND GOVERNMENT OF THE ORDER; THE 
LESSONS OF EACH RANK, AND DUTIES INCIDENT TO EVERY STATION AND 
OFFICE IN SUBORDINATE LODGES ; WITH GEMS OF KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS, IN 
PROSE AND POETRY ; DIRECTIONS AND FORMS FOR LAYING CORNER-STONES, 
DEDICATING CASTLE- HALLS, AND MARSHALING PROCESSIONS; SHORT BIO- 
GRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF PROMINENT MEN IN THE ORDER ; EXTRACTS 
FROM REPORTS OF SUPREME AND GRAND CHANCELLORS ; FULL STATISTICS, 
SHOWING MEMBERSHIP AND AMOUNTS EXPENDED FOR CHARITABLE PUR- 
POSES SINCE ITS ORGANIZATION, ON THE I9TH DAY OF FEBRUARY, 1 864; 
CONSTITUTIONS OF THE VARIOUS GRAND JURISDICTIONS; THE MOST IM- 
PORTANT BUSINESS FORMS; ODES, WITH MUSIC, FOR VARIOUS OCCASIONS; 
AUTOGRAPHIC LETTERS, ON VARIOUS TOPICS, BY DISTINGUISHED MEN TN 
THE ORDER; DIGEST OF THE DECISIONS OF THE SUPREME CHANCELLORS; 
DIGEST OF THE LEGISLATION OF THE SUPREME LODGE OF THE WORLD; 
CONSTITUTION OF THE SUPREME LODGE OF THE WORLD; RULES OF 
ORDER, ETC. 



^wife^lji )llfo*ftatal 



WITH PORTRAITS OF PROMINENT KNIGHTS, THE EMBLEMS AND 

JEWELS OF THE ORDER, CERTIFICATES OF MEMBERSHIP, 

REGALIA, UNIFORMS, AND REGULATION BANNERS. 



* 



/ 






BY 

JNO. VAN VALKENBURG, 

SUPREME CHANCELLOR. 



REVISED EDITION, 



CANTON, OHIO: 

MEMENTO PUBLISHING CO. 

1885. 



J 



//S/2./6 
■ V33 



Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1884, by 

MEMENTO PUBLISHING COMPANY, 

in the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington. 



^ 



J. FAGAN * SON, 
ELECTROTYPERS, PHILAD'A. 

^ ^ 




TO 

Hon. S. S. DAVIS, 

PAST SUPREME CHANCELLOR, 

WHOSE PURITY OF LIFE AND EXALTED WORTH AS A CITIZEN AND 
OFFICER, AND WHOSE ZEAL, INVALUABLE SERVICES, AND UN- 
WAVERING FIDELITY TO THE GRAND AND ENNOBLING 
PRINCIPLES OF OUR BELOVED ORDER HAVE WON 
ENCOMIUMS FROM ALL TRUE KNIGHTS, 

THIS WORK 





THE generous recognition accorded to the first and second 
editions of "The Knights of Pythias Complete Man- 
ual and Text-Book," by the Pythian Fraternity of our 
land, has induced the author to carefully and thoroughly revise 
the work, and the third edition is now offered to the noble, chiv- 
alric, and cultured Knights throughout the Supreme Jurisdiction. 

Masonry, Odd-Fellowship, and Pythian Knighthood are all 
links of one chain, and powerful agencies in the refinement, 
culture, and elevation of fallen man. Our great exemplars lived 
and flourished on the plains of Sicily over two thousand years 
ago ; and though their bodies have long since mouldered into 
dust, their spirits and deeds survive them, and to-day animate 
and fire the hearts of over one hundred and fifty thousand brave 
Knights. We make this feeble offering for the purpose of inducing 
men to study our principles, usages, symbolism, philosophy, and 
history more closely and critically, and to enlist more scholarly 
pens in their defence and elucidation. 

Damon and Pythias, by a simple illustration of the spirit and 
teachings of Pythagorean philosophy, wreathed their names with 
chaplets of imperishable glory, and 

" Earned names that win 
Happy remembrance from the great and good; 
Names that shall sink not in oblivion's flood, 
But with clear music, like a church bell's chime, 
Sound through the river's sweep of onward rushing time." 

There is a natural tendency in the human heart to venerate and 
admire undaunted bravery, heroic acts, and true, unswerving 
friendship. Republics, empires, and men, under the inexo- 
rable law of decay and change, sink into the dark sea of oblivion ; 
but the principles of our Ritual are eternal. 

We treat man as a social being, and do not seek to affect his 
religious faith, or his obligations to his family or the State. The 
jewels that we garner are the tears that we wipe away and the 
i * v 



VI PREFACE. 

sorrows we assuage. Our conquests are bloodless ones, but to 
the lasting benefit of the race. How much the world owes to 
those moral heroes who were the actors in that sublime historic 
incident upon which our grand Order is founded, can never be 
fully estimated. Their example fired the hearts of the lamented 
Hi nes and Woodland, and constrained them to offer up their 
own precious lives in a noble, heroic, and determined effort to 
save the lives of brother Knights, at the burning of the Spots- 
wood Hotel, on the morning of December 25, 1870, at Rich- 
mond, Va., and at the Hudson River Tunnel, on July 21, 1880. 

There are men living to-day who have seen the faces and 
clasped the hands of the men whose names and fame are to be in- 
dissolubly linked with these imperishable, self-sacrificing deeds of 
pure and unsullied friendship in all the on-coming years of time. 
In these noble deeds we have embodied and illustrated a friend- 
ship unsurpassed by anything ever described by the pen of fiction 
or even depicted in dramatic art. This is no fiction, no poetic 
fancy, no sentimental creation. 

These martyrs will live in literature, eloquence, and song. Wri- 
ters will ramble through the rich fields of literature, plucking 
the gems sweet with rich melody, of poetic beauty, or culling 
flowers fragrant with joyous perfume from the gardens of genius, 
with which to weave the garlands of immortality around these 
heroic deeds. Orators will borrow a line from Shakespeare, a 
tear from Milton, a thought sweetly spoken by Keats, or gently 
breathed into verse by Tennyson, sparkling with all their pristine 
loveliness, with which to garnish their eulogies on the names and 
fame of Samuel Holder Hines and Peter Woodland. 

" Thus pass away the men of might, 

Whose noiseless footprints stamped the age; 
Their thoughts, that filled the earth with light, 
Still glow and blaze on memory's page. 

" There is no death ; 

The stars go down to rise upon some fairer shore, 
And bright in Heaven's jewelled crown 
They shine forever more." 

Just two decades have passed since Pythian Knighthood 



PREFACE. VI 1 

first saw the light, and to-day nearly two hundred thousand 
gallant men crowd around our altars, erected in two thousand 
Castle Halls, and our annual revenue is more than one million 
of dollars. The Endowment Rank, with its beautiful Ritual, 
provides safe and economical insurance for every Knight. It has 
already paid over two and one-half millions of dollars to the widows 
and orphans of our deceased brothers, and our members are now 
carrying over forty-five millions of dollars of life insurance in 
the Endowment Rank. The Uniform Rank is winning golden 
opinions, and already there have been two hundred and seventy 
Divisions instituted, with a membership of nearly ten thousand 
Sir Knights. 

Soon our Pythian banner, with our motto of Friendship, 
Charity, and Benevolence inscribed upon its ample folds and 
waving lines of beauty, will be kissed by the breezes of every 
land beneath the circuit of the sun. It is 

"Like a tree planted by the rivers of water, that bringeth forth 
his fruit in his season ; his leaf also shall not wither ; and what- 
soever he doeth shall prosper. ' ' 

We have diligently labored to present a succinct and perfectly 
reliable history of the origin, rise, progress, science, philosophy, 
and achievements of this great charitable Order, with brief 
sketches of those eminent men who have been and are its truest 
exemplars. Its rapid growth is unparalleled in the annals of 
secret societies, and is the marvel of the nineteenth century. 

The higher elevation of the organization must be accomplished 
through the agency of judicious publications. It is the press 
that is elevating Pythianism to a nobler plane ; it is the labor of 
scholars that is placing it in the rank of sciences. The more 
that is published by scholarly pens on its principles, practices, 
and usages, the more will other scholars be attracted to its inves- 
tigation. 

The strongest language would but feebly express my gratitude to 
the leading Knights of the country for their unwearied devotion 
and manifold courtesies and acts of kindness to the Author dur- 
ing the preparation of this Manual and Text-Book. 



Fort Madison, Iowa, 
April 15, 1884. 



£^^-^^^^^^^^ , 




OFFICE OF 

Supreme Keeper of (Records and Seal, 

Kansas City, Mo., Pythian Period XXI. 

On the 30th day of April, 1884, the following amongst other 
proceedings were had in the Supreme Lodge Knights of Pythias 
of the World, at its Thirteenth Annual Session, in the City of 
New Orleans, Louisiana, to wit: 

" Whereas, Our Order is in need of all meritorious contributions , 
to its limited literature, as invaluable auxiliaries in the great 
work of extending its borders in this and other lands ; and 

"Whereas, .S. V. C. Van Valkenburg, of the Grand Jurisdiction 
of Iowa, has expended much time and labor on his Manual and 
Text-Book ; therefore be it 

"Resolved, That we heartily co?nmend such 'Manual and 
Text-Book' to the Order universal as a concise and perfectly 
reliable history of the origin, rise, science, philosophy, and achieve- 
ments of this great charitable Order, with complete and valuable 
forms for use of Subordinate and Grand Lodge Officers, as well 
as brief sketches of those eminent men and heroes who have been 
and are its truest exemplars, and concise histories of the Endow- 
ment Rank and Uniform Rank. ' ' 

I hereby certify that the foregoing contains a full and correct 
transcript of the proceedings of the Supreme Lodge so far as the 
same pertains to " Van Valkenburg's Knights of Pythias 
Complete Manual and Text-Book. ' ' 

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand and affixed 
the seal of said Supreme Lodge on this SOth day of May, 
1884. 

R. E. COWAN, 
[l. s.] S. K. of P. & S. 




Jfyj-^^Z** /^/??&^&z< 



tr- 




PAGE 

Sketch of the Organization and History of K. of P. 17 

Synopsis of the Origin and History of the K. of P. 58 

Objects and Aims of Knights of Pythias 60 

Manual of the K. of P 65 

The First or Initiatory Rank of Page 65 

The Second or Armorial Rank of Esquire 67 

The Third or Chivalric Rank of Knight 68 

Constitution of Supreme Lodge K. of P 72 

By-Laws of Supreme Lodge K. of P 100 

Rules of Order « , 102 

The Order of Knights of Pythias 107 

Its Organization, Government, and Legislation, with Practical Reflec- 
tions and Suggestions, 107 ; Founder, 107 ; The Subordinate Lodge, 
108; Honors, 109; Government, no; General Instructions for 
Organization of New Lodges, 112; Form of Petition, 112; Gen- 
eral Instructions to Instituting Officer, 112; Benefits, 113; Dues, 
114; S. A. P. W., 115 ; Official Receipt, 117 ; Travelling Shield, 
117; Trials, 118; Uniform — Regalia, 119; New Ritual, 119. 

Form of Installation for Subordinate Lodges 120 

The Uniform Rank 130 

Amendments, 137; Decisions, 142; Petition for a Division of the 
Uniform Rank, 144 ; Warrant for a Division of the Uniform Rank, 
145 ; Instituting Officer's Report, 145 ; Installing Officer's Report, 



IX 



x CONTENTS. 



PAGE 



146; Annual Report, 146; List of Divisions and Membership of 
Uniform Rank, 147. 

Endowment Rank 148 

General Laws, 148; Constitution for Sections, 154. 

Introduction of the Endowment Rank 166 

Tables of Cost of Insurance in Endowment Rank.... 171 
The Subordinate Lodge 176 

How Commenced, 176; Petition, 178; Institution, 178; First Busi- 
ness Meeting, 179; Opening Lodge, 179; Work, with Order of 
Business, 180; Closing Lodge, 182 ; Work out of the Lodge, 182; 
Form of Minutes, 183; Synopsis of Parliamentary Law, 184. 

Duties and Deportment of Knights 186 

Lodge Attendance, 186; Dues, 188; Debate, 189; Correct Work- 
ing, 189; Voting and Balloting, 190; Duties to Self, Family, and 
Others, 191. 

Committees. 192 

General Duties of Committees, 192; Investigating Committee, 193; 
Committee on Finance, 194; Auditing Committee, 195; Com- 
mittee to Visit the Sick, 195; Trustees, 195; Relief Committees, 
196. 

Appointive Officers 198 

Attendants, 199; Outer Guard, 199; Inner Guard, 200; Master-at- 
Arms, 200. 

Elective Officers 201 

Keeper of Records and Seal, 201 ; Master of Finance, 202; Master 
of Exchequer, 204 ; Prelate, 205 ; Vice Chancellor, 205 ; Chan- 
cellor Commander, 206; Past Chancellor, 207. 

Grand Lodges 208 

How Commenced and Constituted, 208 ; Members and Represen- 
tatives, 209; Officers, 210; Grand Outer Guard, 212; Grand In- 
ner Guard, 213; Grand Master at- Arms, 213; Grand Keeper of 
Records and Seal, 213; Grand Master of Exchequer, 214; Grand 
Prelate, 214; Grand Vice Chancellor, 214; District Deputy Grand 
Chancellor, 215 ; Grand Chancellor, 215 ; Past Grand Chancellor, 
216. 



CONTENTS. XI 

PAGE 

Supreme Lodge , 216 

Its Powers, how Constituted and Supported, 216; Officers, 218; 
Supreme Outer Guard, 218; Supreme Inner Guard, 219; Su- 
preme Master-at-Arms, 219; Supreme Keeper of Records and 
Seal, 219; Supreme Master of Exchequer, 220; Supreme Prel- 
ate, 221; Supreme Vice Chancellor, 221 ; Supreme Chancellor, 
221; Deputy Supreme Chancellor, 222; Past Supreme Chancel- 
lor, 223; Regalia and Jewels of other Members, 223. 

Funerals 224 

Regalia, 2244 Order of Procession, 224; Funeral Services, 225. 

Uniforms 227 

Full Gala and Inspection Dress, 227 ; Ordinary Parade Dress, 227 ; 
Fatigue Dress, 227. 

Specifications : — Coat, 227 ; Pantaloons, 227 ; Cloak, 227 ; Hel- 
met, 228; Plume, 229; Cap, 229; Escutcheon and Lace, 229; 
Baldric, 230; Belt, 230; Sword, 230; Gauntlets, 231. 

Emblems of Official Rank 231 

Shoulder- Straps for Officers: — Supreme and Past Supreme 
Chancellors, 231; Past Grand Chancellor, 232; Grand Chan- 
cellor, 232 ; All other Grand Officers, 232 ; Past Chancellor, 
233; Chancellor Commander, 233 ; Vice Chancellor, 233; -Other 
Subordinate Lodge Officers, 233; Distinctions, 234. 

The Flag of the Order 234 

The Banner of the Order 235 

Odes and Chants for the Order of K. of P 236 

Opening Ode, 236; Closing Ode, 238; Initiatory Anthem, 240; In- 
stallation Ode (for Subordinate Lodges), 241 ; Dedication Ode, 
242; Installation Ode (for Supreme and Grand Officers), 244; 
Welcome Song, 244 ; Welcome Song, 246 ; March for First De- 
gree, 248 ; March for Second Degree, 249; March for Third De- 
gree, 250; Grand March (for Reception of Grand Officers or In- 
stallation), 251 ; Clasp Hand in Hand, 252; United Now, 253; 
Grand Rallying Song, 254; Grand March of the K. of P., 256. 



Xll CONTENTS. 

PAGE 

Blank Forms Used by K. of P 262 

Form of Records of a Meeting, 262; Petition for Dispensation to 
Establish a Lodge, 263 ; Dispensation to Institute a Lodge, 264 ; 
Application for Membership, 265 ; Application for Rank of Es- 
quire, 266 ; Application for Rank of Knight, 267 ; Certificate of 
Membership, 267 ; Admission by Card, 268 ; Reinstatement, 269 ; 
Committee Notice, 270; Notification of Election, 270; Notifica- 
tion of Rejection, 271 ; Notification of Indebtedness, 271; Noti- 
fication of Suspension, 272 ; Official Receipt for Dues, 272; Noti- 
fication of Reinstatement, 273 ; Notice of Rejections, Suspensions, 
v etc, 273; Notification of Attendance, 274; Officers and Commit- 
tees, 274; Summons, 275; Application for Dispensation, 275; 
Application for Installation, 276; Certificate of Good Standing, 
276; Past Chancellor Credential, 277 ; Past Chancellor's Trans- 
fer Ci'edential, 278 ; Representative Credential, 279 ; Petition for 
Charter, 280; Application for Card, 281 ; District Deputy Grand 
Chancellor's Commission, 282 ; Application for Initiation and 
Membership in a Subordinate Lodge, 283 ; Notice to Committee 
on Applicants, 283 ; Report on Application, 283 ; Petition for Dis- 
pensation, 284; Dispensation, 284; Order for the S. A. Pass- Word, 
284 ; Notice to Watch with a Sick Brother, 285 ; Petition for Char- 
ter or Dispensation, 285 ; Commission to Institute a Lodge, 285 ; 
Report of Instituting Officer, 286; Installation Report, 286; Past 
Chancellor's Certificate, 287 ; Representative's Certificate, 287 ; Pe- 
tition for Removal of Lodge, 287 ; Petition for Revival of Defunct 
Lodge, 288 ; Appeal for Aid Authorized by the Grand Chancel- 
lor, 288 ; Application for Sick Benefits when a Brother Resides a 
Distance from the Lodge, 288 ; Physician's Certificate, 289 ; Chan- 
cellor Commander or President of Relief Committee's Statement, 
289 ; Withdrawal Card, 289 ; Semi-Annual Report, 290. 

Blanks for Criminal Procedure 300 

Accusation, 300; Notice to Parties Interested, 300; Notice to Com- 
mittee on Trial, 301 ; Citation of Accused, 301 ; Summons of Wit- 
nesses, 302 ; Form for taking Evidence, 302 ; Commission to take 
Deposition, 303 ; Notice to Defendant of Result of Trial, 304; 
Appeal from the Decision, 304; Credentials of Committees, etc., 



CONTENTS. 



Xlll 



305 ; Report of Delinquent Witnesses, 305 ; Notice of same to an- 
other Lodge, 306 ; Removal of Case to another Lodge, 306 ; Re- 
turn of Result from that Lodge, 307 ; Request to a Witness not a 
Member of the Order, 307. 

Dedication of Halls 308 

Organization of the Supreme Lodge, K. of P 318 

Officers and Representatives of the Supreme Lodge 

from the First Annual Session to 1884, inclusive 319 

Supreme Lodge Sessions 330 

Supreme Representatives for 1884 330 

Grand Chancellors and their Post-Office Address, 1884. 332 
Grand Keepers of Records and Seal of Grand Lodges, i 884. 333 

ADDRESSES. 
Monument to Peter Woodland, the Pythian Martyr... 341 
A Pythian Hero Honored, 345 ; Unveiling the Woodland Monu- 
ment, 346. 

The True Pythian Martyr 360 

Damon and Pythias 368 

Presentation of a Handsome Jewel to Jno. Van Val- 

KENBURG 375 

S. V. C. Van Valkenburg's Reply, 377. 

Address by Hon. Charles Cowley 381 

Pythagoras 383 

Presentation of a Beautiful Jewel to Thos. R. Gelwicks, 

G. K. of R. and S 406 

Presentation of an Elegant Gold Badge to Nath. W. 

Hunt, P. C 407 



GRAND LODGE 
The District of Columbia. 334 

New Jersey 339 

Pennsylvania 347 

Connecticut 349 

Maryland 350 

New York 353 

Virginia 356 

Delaware 364 

California 365 

Indiana 367 

Iowa 372 

Kentucky 378 

Massachusetts 379 



JURISDICTIONS. 

Nebraska 385 

Ohio 387 

West Virginia 388 

Illinois 390 

Minnesota 391 

New Hampshire 394 

Rhode Island 398 

South Carolina 402 

Georgia 402 

Michigan 404 

Missouri 405 

Florida 407 

Wisconsin , 408 



XIV 



CONTENTS. 



PAGE 

North Carolina 409 

Hawaiian Islands 411 

Alabama 411 

Kansas 412 

Maine 415 

Ontario 416 

Tennessee 417 

Nevada 418 

Utah Territory 420 

Mississippi 423 



Texas 425 

Colorado 426 

Arizona Territory 429 

Louisiana. 430 

Montana Territory 433 

Oregon 433 

Arkansas 435 

Washington Territory... 437 
Manitoba 438 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 
Justus H. Rathbone, S. P. C. and Founder of the Order of N ' 

K. of P 445 

Wm. Henry Burnett, one of the original four members 449 

David L. Burnett, one of the original four members 449 

Robert Allen Champion, one of the original four members.. 450 
Edward S. Kimball, M.D., one of the'original four members.. 451 

Hon. S. S. Davis, P. S. C 452 

David Benjamin Woodruff, P. S. C 455 

Hon. Will T. Walker, P. C 458 

Hon. Erie J. Leech, P. G. C. and S. R 460 

Hon. Charles Cowley, P. G. C 464 

Gen. William Ward, P. G. C. and S. R 467 

Dr. Geo. W. Griffiths, P. G. C. and P. S. R 469 

Judge G. W. Lindsay, P. S. C 470 

Hon. Francis Graydon Maxwell, P. G. C. and S. R 470 

A True Knight 473 

Leroy S. Edwards, G. K. of R. & S 47a 

Dr. John S. King, P. G. C. and S. R 479 

Charles D. Lucas, P. S. P 483 

Hon. Howard Malcolm Kutchin, P. G. C. and S. R 484 

S. H. Goddard, P. G. C. and S. R 486 

Hon. Samuel Read, P, S. C 488 

James H. Harris, D. S. C 489 

Hon. J. D. M. Hamilton, G. C 490 

Hon. William Worth Blackwell, P. G. C. and S. R 492 

Hon. .Halvor Nelson, P. G. C. and S. R 494 

Charles A. Lee, P. G. C. and S. R 496 

Appendix 498 

General Laws of the Uniform Rank, 498 ; Constitution for the Gov- 
ernment of Subordinate Divisions, 517. 




PAGE 

K. of P. Frontispiece i 

Hon. Jno. Van Valkenburg, S. C 9 

Justus H. Rathbone, Founder of the Order 18 

E. S. Kimball, Robert A. Champion, W. H. Bur- 
nett, and D. L. Burnett, the Four Original Members.. 18 
Marini's Hall, the Building where the First K. of P. 

Lodge was Instituted, Feb; 19, 1864 ; 58 

Friendship 64 

Charity 66 

Certificate for Knight 67 

Benevolence 68 

Execution Scene 70 

Certificate for Past Chancellor and Past Grand 

Chancellor 73 

The Standard Uniform 130 

Standard Uniform for New Uniform Rank 141 

Flag and Banner of the Order 234 

Peter Woodland, the Pythian Martyr 341 

Woodland Monument 342 

S. H. Hines, the Pythian Martyr 360 

Jewel Presented to T. R. Gelwicks, G. K. of R. & S. 406 

" Nath. W. Hunt, D. C 406 

" " Jno. Van Valkenburg, S. V. C... 406 

" " the Founder of the Order 445 

Hon. S. S. Davis, P. S. C 452 

D. B. Woodruff, D. S. C 455 

Hon. Will T. Walker 458 

Dr. John S. King 479 

S. H. Goddard, P. G. C. and S. R 486 

Autograph Letter. 488 

Hon. Samuel Read, P. S. C 488 

Hon. J. D. M. Hamilton, G. C 490 

Charles A. Lee, P. G. C. and S. R 496 

XV 



DECLARATION OF PRINCIPLES 

OF THE 

KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS. 

Adopted by the Supreme Lodge Knights of Pythias y August 1 6, 1 87 7. 



Recognizing the universality of human brotherhood, its organiza* 
tion is designed to embrace the world within its jurisdiction — in-? 
tended solely and only to disseminate the great principles of Friend- 
ship, Charity, and Benevolence, nothing of a sectarian or political 
character is permitted within its portals. Toleration in religion, 
obedience to law, and loyalty to government, are its cardinal prin- 
ciples. Misfortune, misery, and death being written in fearful char- 
acters on the broad face of creation, our noble Order was instituted 
to uplift the fallen ; to champion humanity ; to be his guide and 
hope ; his refuge, shelter, and defence ; to soften down the asperities 
of life ; to subdue party spirit ; and by the sweet and powerful at- 
tractions of the glorious trinity of Friendship, Charity, and Benevo- 
lence, to bind in one harmonious brotherhood men of all classes and 
all opinions. The brightest jewels which it garners are the tears of 
widows and orphans : and its imperative commands are to visit the 
homes where lacerated hearts are bleeding ; to assuage the sufferings 
of a brother ; bury the dead ; care for the widow, and educate the 
orphan ; to exercise charity toward offenders ; to construe words and 
deeds in their least unfavorable light — granting honesty of purpose 
and good intentions to others ; and to protect the principles of 
knighthood unto death. Its laws are reason and equity ; its cardinal 
doctrines inspire purity of thought and life ; its intention is " peace 
on earth, and good will toward man." 

xvi 




THE 

KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 
COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 



A Sketch of the Organization and History of 
the Knights of Pythias. 

PERHAPS no other charitable organization in the country- 
has labored under greater disadvantages, and brought forth 
more beneficial results. Organized during the heat of the 
late civil strife, when society was in a disrupted state, it has 
steadily advanced in numbers and in importance, and is now 
in a flourishing and prosperous condition. The beautiful lesson 
of friendship between Damon and Pythias is sought to be 
p7'actically taught by a ritual which, for beauty and perspicuity 
of language, cannot be surpassed. The strong ties with which 
the members of the Order are bound together, the interesting 
and attractive ceremonies of the degrees, the unfailing interest 
shown for the welfare of the Order, and the generous manner 
in which the membership have ever responded to the appeals 
for charity have endeared their hearts more firmly to its prin- 
ciples, and taught them to believe that "true friendship can 
exist." 

As the early history of the Order cannot fail to be interesting, 
I have collected from the books in possession of the Grand 
Lodge, sufficient to show its organization and progress. 

2* B 17 



1 8 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

The first record appearing upon the books of Washington 
Lodge, No. i, .reads as follows : 

"Washington, D. C, Feb. 19, 1864, 

"At 'Temperance Hall,' 

" Friday Evening. 
"Upon agreement, a number of gentlemen met, and after some conversa- 
tion upon the subject, they were called to order, and upon motion of Mr. J. 
H. Rathbone a chairman of the meeting was proposed, and Mr. J. T. K. 
Plant was unanimously called to the chair, and D. L. Burnett nominated 
as Secretary. After organizing as above, the object of the meeting was 
stated by Mr. Rathbone to be the organization or foundation of a society, 
its business and operations to be of a secret character, having for its ulti- 
mate object Friendship, Benevolence, and Charity. Before proceeding 
further, those present were requested to subscribe to an oath, laid down after- 
wards in the Initiatory. All present having signified their willingness to do 
so, the same was administered to them, by reading the same, by J. H. Rath- 
bone. After the taking of the oath, on motion, it was resolved that this 
Order be styled the Knights of Pythias" 

On motion a committee was appointed to prepare a Ritual of 
opening and closing a Lodge, and of initiation into the same. 
The Chair appointed as said committee Brother J. H. Rath- 
bone, who reported a Ritual, which, upon being read, was 
adopted. After the adoption of the Ritual, the ^odge went 
into an election for officers, with the following result : 

Brother J. H. Rathbone, Worthy Chancellor ; Brother Joel 
R. Woodruff, Vice -Chancellor ; Brother J. T. K. Plant, Venerable 
Patriarch ; Brother D. L. Burnett, Worthy Scribe ; Brother A. 
Van Der Veer, Banker ; Brother R. A. Champion, Assistant 
Banker ; Brother George R. Covert, Assistant Scribe. 

The following officers were appointed by the Worthy Chan- 
cellor : Brothers M. H. Van Der Veer as Worthy Guide, A. 
Roderigue as Inside Steward, and as Choral Knights, Brothers 
Kimball, Roberts, D. L. and W. H. Burnett. 

On motion the Worthy Chancellor appointed the following 
committee to prepare a Ritual for the First Degree, (now the 
Second Degree,) signs, etc. : Brothers Kimball, Champion, and 
W. H. Burnett, V. P. J. T. K. Plant, and W. C. J. H. Rath- 




FOUNDER AND FOUR ORIGINAL MEMBERS. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 1 9 

bone as chairman, added. Committees were then appointed 
to procure regalias, appliances, etc., after which the first meet- 
ing of the Order adjourned to meet again on the evening of the 
2 3d 'of the same month to perfect the organization. 

At the next meeting (on the 23d) the Committee on Degree 
Ritual presented a report, which was adopted, and ordered to 
be the will of the Lodge, and the committee discharged. 

The various committees appointed at the previous meeting 
also reported, and a committee was appointed to procure a seal. 

At the next meeting (27th February) various applications were 
received for membership. It also appears that at this meeting a 
committee of three, consisting of V. C. Woodruff, W. C. Rath- 
bone, and Brother D. L. Burnett was appointed to prepare a 
Ritual of the Second (now the Third) Degree, which was soon 
after prepared by the committee, presented to the Lodge, and 
adopted. At the meeting on the 24th of March, the Lodge 
proceeded to an election for officers to serve the ensuing 
quarter, and in addition to the officers elected, Brothers Wood- 
ruff, M. A. Van Der Veer, and Roderigue were elected Repre- 
sentatives to the Grand Lodge, which was organized on the 
8th of April by members of Washington Lodge. On the 21st 
of April, at a regular meeting of Washington Lodge, Brother 
J. H. Rathbone's resignation of office and membership in the 
Order was presented, read, and accepted. 

Brother Rathbone, at the time of his resignation, occupied the 
position of Venerable Patriarch, he having been the first Chan- 
cellor of Washington Lodge. The fact of being a Past Chan- 
cellor, it would seem, did not require him to fill the office of 
Venerable Patriarch, for after his resignation was received and 
accepted, the Lodge went into an election to fill the vacancy, 
and Brother D. L. Burnett, formerly a Scribe of the Lodge, 
was elected and duly installed into the office. The minutes of 
the Lodge up to this time indicate that the office of Venerable 
Patriarch was the third office in the Lodge, the duties of which 
were to deliver the obligations and open and close the Lodge 
with prayer. The Degrees were at this time known as the Initi- 
atory and First and Second Degrees. 



20 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

The Grand Lodge, which was organized on the 8th of April, 
with J. T. K. Plant as Grand Chancellor, and A. Van Der Veer 
as Grand Scribe, set about forming Lodges elsewhere, and prov- 
identially succeeded in locating one at the Navy- Yard, known 
as Franklin Lodge, No. 2, with the following Charter members : 

Robert I. Middleton, Venerable Patriarch ; Daniel Carrigan, 
Worthy Chancellor ; Edw. Fox, Vice- Chancellor ; Clarence M. 
Barton, Scribe ; James Gill, Banker ; Nicholas Wayson, Guide ; 
Joseph H. Lawrence, Inner Steward ; Hudson Pettit, Outer 
Steward ; Edward Dunn, James W. Kelly, Jasper Scott, George 
Norton, J. H. Wheeler. 

The Lodge was duly instituted on the 12th of April, at the 
Anacostia Engine House, by the officers of the Grand Lodge. 

The history of this Lodge needs no comment. It is the 
history of the Order, which it saved from destruction after her 
sister Lodges around her had ceased to exist. From its very organ- 
ization the members took a lively interest in its welfare, and deter- 
mined that it should become the " Excelsior Lodge " of the Order. 
For nearly eight months it struggled along, the only Lodge of 
the Order in the country ; its little membership meeting with 
rebuffs and sarcasms, and, worse than this, the stinging sin of 
ingratitude from the hands of one who had solemnly sworn to 
maintain and defend its principles. 

On the 19th of May, 1864, the Grand Lodge organized 
Columbia Lodge, No. 3, located at Temperance Hall ; on the 
2d of June, Potomac Lodge, No. 4, was also organized at Temper- 
ance Hall, and afterwards located at Island Hall, on the Island ; 
on the 1st of February, 1865, Alexandria Lodge, No. 1, of 
Virginia, was organized through the efforts of Brother John H. 
King, of Franklin Lodge, then engaged in the United States 
naval service near Alexandria. Brother King was appointed 
Deputy Grand Chancellor of the State of Virginia. 

The Lodges were at this time in a bad financial condition, 
but doing as well as could be expected under the circumstances. 
Potomac and Columbia Lodges ceased holding meetings in the 
latter part of April in consequence of being unable to secure a 
quorum ; the minutes of Washington Lodge also show that for 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 21 

months at a time no meetings were held, in consequence of not 
being able to secure the number of members necessary to trans- 
act business. Alexandria Lodge ceased holding meetings in 
July, and at the annual session of the Grand Lodge in June, 
1865, but two Lodges were represented, Washington and 
Franklin. 

At that session the following Grand Officers were elected and 
installed : 

Clarence M. Barton, No. 2, Grand Chancellor ; Joseph H. 
Lawrence, No. 2, Vice Grand Chancellor ; Edward Dunn, No. 
2, Grand Marshal ; Wm. Whitney, No. 1, Scribe ; Dr. J. R. 
Keasbey, No. 1, Ba?iker ; John W. Cross, No. 2, Herald ; A. 
Van Der Veer, No. 1, Prelate ; R. V. Henry, No. 1, Inner 
Guardian ; J. Titcomb, No. 1, Outer Guardian. 

The Grand Lodge held its last session on the 13th of June, 
1865 ; Washington Lodge, No. 1, ceased holding meetings 
in July of the same year, and petitioned Franklin Lodge to re- 
ceive the members who were in good standing at the dissolution 
of the Lodge ; which was done a short while afterward. A few 
of them were members of Potomac Lodge that had been received 
in membership in a similar manner by Washington Lodge. 
Franklin Lodge, No. 2, upon the 1st of August, 1865, was the 
only Lodge in existence, the Grand Lodge having become de- 
funct from necessity — it not being deemed advisable to con- 
tinue its organization with but one Subordinate Lodge. Frank- 
lin Lodge, however, exercised all the functions of a Grand 
Lodge, its past officers installing the newly elected officers of 
their Lodge each quarter. The work, regalia, etc., in possession 
of Washington Lodge at the time of its decease were turned over 
to Franklin Lodge on the 28th of September, upon the payment 
of $18.75, tne sum necessary to pay one quarter's rent of hall 
due by that Lodge. 

At the close of the year 1865 Franklin Lodge was in a pros- 
perous condition, with a membership of nearly sixty, and nearly 
$200 in the treasury. They had sustained a loss during the year, 
through their Banker, of $255.55. 

At the beginning of the year 1866, the membership made a 



22 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

determined effort to either resuscitate the old Lodges or estab- 
lish new ones. The business of the Order had heretofore been 
conducted in the Knight Degree, but by resolution of the 
Lodge, on the 5th of March, " it was ordered that after the last 
meeting in that month all business, except the conferring de- 
grees, should be done in the Page Degree. ' ' During this month 
the Constitution of the Lodge was revised, and two hundred 
copies printed and circulated. The funds on hand at the expira- 
tion of the first quarter in 1866 were still very small, amounting 
to but $123.45. 

At a regular meeting, April 2, Financial Scribe Thomas 
Hamilton moved that a committee of five be appointed to 
canvass the city for the purpose of organizing a new Lodge of 
the Order. The following committee was appointed : Brothers 
Hamilton, Lawson, Cook, King, and Schlief. At the next 
regular meeting, April 9, the committee reported having pro- 
cured fifteen names in favor of forming a new Lodge, and on 
the next meeting night, 18th of April, a charter was -granted 
Mount Vernon Lodge, No. 5, by the Past Chancellors of 
Franklin Lodge, and the members duly initiated and instructed 
in the rites and ceremonies of the Order. The following offi- 
cers of this Lodge were installed : 

John I. Downs, Venerable Patriarch; Wm. L. Childs, 
Worthy Chancellor ; John Daughton, Vice- Chancellor ; George 
Schultz, Recording Scribe ; Richard T. Sears, Financial Scribe ; 
John Griggs, Banker ; Wm. A. Cooper, Guide ; Charles Gar- 
diner, Inner Steward ; John Bauman, Outer Steward. 

The installation work was revised, and a committee appointed 
to prepare a design for regalia. A committee was also appointed 
to write copies of the Ritual for Mount Vernon Lodge. 

The Ritual in use at the time, and from the foundation of 
the Order, was in manuscript, and in but few respects like 
the present one. At the close of each degree there was no 
charge or lecture, save an impromptu lecture at the close of the 
Second Degree, then styled the First. The grips, signs, etc., 
were imperfect, and the obligations but repetitions of each other. 

On the 30th of April, 1866, the following petition was re- 
ceived in Franklin Lodge : 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 23 

1 

" Washington, D. C. 

"Franklin Lodge, No. 2. 
" Officers and Brothers : 

" I respectfully make application for membership in Franklin Lodge, No. 
2. Having been the sole originator of the Order, and a member in good 
standing of Washington Lodge, No. I, now defunct, I make this application 
from a pure love of the Order and a desire to see it prosper, and I wish to 
devote my energies to the above purpose. 

" Respectfully yours, in F., C, and B., 

" P. C. J. H. RATHBONE." 

P. C.'s J. W. Cross, King, and Barton as a committee ex- 
amined the application, reported favorable, and it was unani- 
mously received. P. C.'s Dunn, Cross, and Barton then con- 
ducted Brother Rathbone into the Lodge, introducing him to 
the W. C. and members. Upon invitation Brother Rathbone 
then gave a history of the organization of the Order, his con- 
nection with it in 1864, and his reasons for resigning his office 
and membership, etc. 

The need of a perfect Ritual, in order to make the ceremonies 
more interesting and attractive, had long been felt, and at this 
meeting of the Lodge the following committee was appointed to 
revise the Ritual, and if possible report at the next meeting 
night : Past Chancellors Rathbone, Barton, Dunn, Cross, Cook, 
F. S. Lawson, and Brother Cooksey of Franklin Lodge, and F. 
S. Sears and V. P. Downs of Mount Vernon Lodge. On the 
14th of May the committee reported that the Ritual had been 
placed, by their sanction, in the hands of Brother Rathbone for 
revision, and that he had performed his duty and reported to the 
committee, who had unanimously approved of it. The report 
of the committee was received and adopted, and the Ritual now 
in use was read and adopted as the Ritual of the Order, by 
Franklin and Mount Vernon Lodges in joint meeting. It was 
also resolved at this meeting to reorganize the Grand Lodge. 

REORGANIZATION OF THE GRAND LODGE. 

On the 1st of May, 1866, pursuant to agreement, Past Chan- 
cellors Rathbone, Barton, Dunn, King, Cook, and Beech, of 



24 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

No. 2, John I. Downs, of No. 5, and Representative Strom- 
berger, of No. 5, met for the purpose of reorganizing the Grand 
Lodge, which had held no meetings since June, 1865. The 
offices of Grand Marshal, Herald, Prelate, and Inner and Outer 
Guardian, in vogue at that time, were discontinued, and the 
following officers were elected : 

J. H. Rathbone, Grand Chancellor ; Edw. Dunn, Vice 
Grand Chancellor ; Clarence M. Barton, Grand Recording 
Scribe ; John I. Downs, Grand Financial Scribe ; John H. 
King, Gra7id Ba?iker ; Thomas W. Cook, Grand Guide; Levi 
Beech, Grand Inner Steward ; John W. Cross, Grand Outer 
Steward. 

On motion of G. R. S. Barton, the office of V. G. P. was 
made an appointive office for the first three months. The above 
officers were elected to serve the unexpired term of those whose 
tenure-of-office had ceased when the Grand Lodge became de- 
funct in June, 1865 — the term expiring in June, 1866. At this 
meeting the signs, grips, passwords, etc., of the old work were 
changed by G. C. Rathbone, a secret cipher established, and a 
committee appointed to have the Rituals printed. 

The next meeting was held on the 28th of May, all the officers 
being present except the G. O. S. Three Representatives from 
No. 5, Brothers Downey, Jordan, and Stromberger, were also 
present. 

A committee was appointed to draft a Constitution, By-Laws, 
and Installation work ; also one to secure a design for a charter 
and diploma of Subordinate Lodge members, and regalia for 
Grand Lodge members. 

Joseph H. Lawrence, of No. 2, was appointed V. G. P. to 
serve the balance of the term. 

P. G. C. J. T. K. Plant was expelled from the Order for 
divers reasons known to members of the Order. P. C. John H. 
King was appointed a committee of one to negotiate for and 
buy the work of the defunct Lodge in Alexandria. 

An ineffectual attempt was also made at this meeting to de- 
clare null and void the proceedings of the old Grand Lodge, 
and change the numbers of Franklin and Mount Vernon Lodges 
to Nos. 1 and 2, respectively. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 2$ 

June 4, 1866. 

All the officers were present at this meeting, except the G. 
C, G. G.,and G. I. S. 

P. C. King offered a form of application to establish new 
Lodges, which was adopted. 

P. C. King offered a design for. apron-regalia for Subordinate 
Lodges, which was adopted. A communication was ordered to 
be sent to J. T. K. Plant, requesting him to deliver up the 
books, seal, and papers of the Grand Lodge. 

A communication was read from Franklin Lodge, turning 
over to the Grand Lodge all the property of defunct Lodges in 
its possession, for the sum of $18.75, payable in three months' 
time. 

P. C. Barton moved that the Grand Lodge transfer to Mount 
Vernon Lodge all the working material then in her possession. 
The motion was lost. 

On motion, it was ordered that the V. P. of Subordinate 
Lodges be an appointed officer for the first term only, and all 
new Lodges be allowed four Representatives the first quarter, 
and three Representatives the three following quarters. 

June 18, 1866. 

At this session P. C. John W. Cross declined to serve as G. 
O. S., which declination was received. 

The new constitution and by-laws of the Grand Lodge were 
reported by the committee, and V. G. C. Dunn was appointed 
a committee to draft form of processions. 

On motion, duly seconded, it was ordered " that in Subordi- 
nate Lodges the V. C. shall be addressed by all persons wishing 
to leave the room before the adjournment of the Lodge." 

It was then ordered that the first annual and quarterly session 
of the Grand Lodge, for the coming fiscal year, be held at the 
room of Franklin Lodge, No. 2, on the second Monday in July. 

Thus closed the last meeting held in the unexpired term — 
the Grand Lodge having in its possession the sum of sixty-one 
dollars — sixty of which had been loaned to her by the two 
Lodges, Franklin and Mount Vernon. 



26 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

July 9, 1866. 

An annual and quarterly session was held. The Grand Lodge 
met in due form. Absent, G. C, G. G., G. I. S., and G. O. S. 
The credentials of P. C. Childs and Representatives Stromberger, 
D. and B. Daughton, of No. 5, were received. The quarterly 
reports of Nos. 2 and 5 Lodges were then presented ; No. 2 
showed a membership of 43; General Fund, $112.16; Widow 
and Orphan Fund, $8.14; percentage, $7.13. No. 5 a mem- 
bership of 96 ; General Fund, $222.54; Widow and Orphan 
Fund, $32.26; percentage, $22.25. 

Mount Vernon Lodge had thus far been a complete success, 
and the manner in which their membership worked to extend 
the Order and its principles, cheered those who had been so 
long engaged in its behalf to renewed exertions. The Grand 
Lodge, too, began to feel that she had something to rely upon, 
and determined to put forth a stronger effort than ever before to 
advance the work. 

At this session the following Grand Officers were elected to 
serve for one year : 

Edward Dunn, No. 2, Grand Chancellor ; John I. Downs, No. 
5, Vice Grand Chancellor ; Clarence M. Barton, No. 2, Grand 
Recording Scribe; W. L. Childs, No. 5, Grand Financial Scribe ; 
John H. King, No. 2, Grand Banker ; Jasper Scott, No. 2, 
Grand Guide ; R. V. Henry, No. 2, Grand Inner Steward; 
Thomas W. Cook, No. 2, Grand Outer Steward. 

Past Grand Chancellor J. H. Rathbone succeeded to the chair 
of Venerable Grand Patriarch, now made the highest office in 
the Grand Lodge. P. C. John H. King reported having nego- 
tiated for and purchased the work of the defunct Alexandria 
Lodge for $33.50 ; which sum was ordered to be paid. The P. 
C.'s report was received, and the committee discharged from 
further consideration of the subject. The following resolution 
was passed : 

" Resolved, That all sums received from members of new Lodges, con- 
stituting them chartered members, are to be considered as received for initia- 
tion and degree fees." 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 27 

July 12, 1866. 

A special session was held. The following business was 
transacted : — The new printed Ritual was placed in the hands 
of a committee of three, P. C.'s Fox, Dunn, and King, and 
compared with the manuscript work. After the correction of a 
few typographical errors, the original manuscript was destroyed 
by fire. A communication was ordered to be sent to the two 
Lodges, requiring them to deliver up their manuscript Ritual, 
and receive in lieu five copies of the printed, free of expense. 
The supply standard was placed at five copies for $20. A 
Lodge applying for the second set to be furnished at $10. 

On motion it was ordered that one card of the secret cipher 
be transmitted to the W. C. of each Lodge to transfer it quarterly 
to his successor. A bill of $57.50 was then presented for print- 
ing, examined by Finance Committee, and ordered to be paid. 

July 16, 1866. 

An adjourned annual and quarterly session was held. The 
manuscript work from the two Lodges were delivered to the 
Grand Lodge by the P. C, and a committee appointed to destroy 
them ; which was done. A design for a charter, executed by P. 
C. John H. King, was exhibited, and a committee of four ap- 
pointed to perfect the design for charter and diploma. Com- 
mittee — P. C.'s King and Barton, and Representatives Daugh- 
ton and Stromberger. 

July 30, 1866. 

A special session was held, P. G. C. Rathbone in the chair. 
A petition for a charter was received, with forty-three signers, 
to organize Liberty Lodge, No. 6, to be located at the Navy- 
Yard. The following were the officers of the Lodge : 

Wm. P. Westwood, Venerable Patriarch ; Thomas E. Pyles, 
Worthy Chancellor ; JohnT. Smith, Vice Chancellor ; A. C. Hoops, 
Recording Scribe ; James Matthieson, Financial Scribe ; Samuel 
Langley, Banker; Alonzo Shaw, Guide ; Wm. Sissell, Inner 
Steward ; W. Hardy, Outer Steward. 

The charter was granted, and the gentlemen, being in waiting, 
were introduced and instructed in the mysteries of the Order. 



28 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

August 8, 1866. 

A special session was held, G. C. Edw. Dunn in the chair. 
P. C. Barton was appointed a committee of one to inquire into 
cost of printed charters. 

On motion it was ordered "that the W. C. of each Subordi- 
nate Lodge should be notified that the printed Ritual should 
never be removed from the Lodge room, but should be open. at 
any time, in the Lodge room, for perusal by any Knight in good 
standing." 

The following was established as the working regalia of Sub- 
ordinate Lodges: for Knights, plain red collar; Esquires, yellow 
collar; Pages, blue collar; for officers, plain red collar, with 
movable insignia of office upon them; for V. P., plain black 
collar, with Bible in metal upon it. 

It was resolved that the apron-regalia, which was established at 
this session, should never be worn in the Lodge room, except in 
visiting or receiving sister Lodges, official visitation, and funerals. 

The installation work of the Grand Lodge was here read by 
P. G. C. Rathbone, and adopted. The funeral services were 
also read and adopted, and P. G. C. Rathbone appointed to add 
a short prayer. P. C. Childs was appointed a committee to get 
up design for apron-regalia of Grand Lodge officers and members. 

August 20, 1866. 

A special session was held, G. C. Edw. Dunn in the chair. The 
committee on G. L. Officers' and Members' Regalia submitted 
a report, which was adopted, and the apron-regalia (now in use) 
made the established regalia of the Grand Lodge. 

The committee on inquiring into the cost of printing charters 
submitted a report, when P. C.'s Barton and Cross were author- 
ized to have fifty printed. 

The following resolution was adopted : 

" Resolved, That, in order to more fully instruct candidates in the mys- 
teries of the Order, not more than six be allowed to be initiated and in- 
structed in the several degrees at one time.'' 

Appropriations — $10 to Committee on Charters ; $5 to P. C. 
John H. King for Charters. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXTBOOK. 29 

August 24, 1866. 
An application for a charter was presented to the Grand 
Chancellor to organize Webster Lodge, No. 7, signed by Harry 
Kronheimer, David Nachman, I. L. and H. L. Blout, E. Voight, 
D. L. Demelman, C. W. Okey, Wolf Kaufmann, J. Peyser, P. 
Peyser, and others. The charter was granted, and the Lodge 
organized on the 27th by the Grand Lodge Officers, at Franklin 
Lodge room. 

August 29, 1866. 

A special meeting was held, P. C. Edw. Dunn in the chair. 
A committee of three — P. C. Barton, Representatives Daughton 
and Stromberger — was appointed to procure a suitable hall for 
the meetings of the Grand Lodge. 

Webster Lodge, No. 7, was loaned a full set of working mate- 
rial until the Grand Lodge should require it. An invitation was 
read and accepted from Mount Vernon Lodge, No. 5, to be 
present at their excursion to Mount Vernon and Glymont. 

The burgee (now in use) was adopted, and P. C.'s Scott, 
Childs, and King appointed a committee to procure the burgee 
and lance. 

The following resolution was adopted : 

" That, hereafter, when a person applies for membership in a Lodge out- 
side of his jurisdiction, a communication shall be sent to the Lodge nearest 
his residence asking for his character." 

Webster Lodge was allowed to keep their charter open until 
the 2 1 st of October. 

Appropriations. — $15 to Franklin Lodge to reimburse her 
for outlay for blanks, etc. ; $1 for room rent. 



30 



THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 



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COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 3 I 

September 7, 1866. 

An adjourned special session was held at Temperance Hall, G. 
C. Edw. Dunn in the chair. 

The Committee on Securing Hall reported having procured 
Temperance Hall at $3 per meeting night. The report was re- 
ceived. The following committees were appointed : 

Election and Returns — P. C.'s Barton, Martin, and Losano. 
On Grievance — P. C.'s Cross, Henry, and Childs. On Super- 
vision — P. C.'s Fox, Scott, and Childs. 

Franklin Lodge, No. 2, requested that her charter be re-opened 
until fifty additional members be secured, each candidate to be 
admitted in a constitutional form, and be disqualified from re- 
ceiving benefits for six months. The request occasioned con- 
siderable debate ; after which it was granted, with the following 
amendment : ' ' That hereafter no Lodge shall be allowed to open 
its charter after being once closed." 

The Committee on Apron-Regalia reported having procured 
samples of the same from the manufacturers, and presented bills. 
The report was received and the committee discharged from the 
further consideration thereof. The following appropriations 
were made : 

Hall Rent. $3 00 

To Finish Burgee 10 00 

Apron-Regalias (sample) 28 25 

Total $41 25 

October 8, 1866. 

A regular quarterly session was held. G. C. Edw. Dunn in the 
chair. The proceedings of the previous quarterly and special 
sessions were read and approved. The credentials of the follow- 
ing Past Chancellors and Representatives were presented : 

Thomas Hamilton, of No. 2 ; R. T. Johnson, of No. 5 ; W. 
P. Westwood and Thomas E. Pyles, of No. 6 ; Harry Kron- 
heimer and I. L. Blout, of No. 7. Representatives, John Daugh- 
ton, John M. Mitchel, and Josiah Gray, of No. 5 ; W. P. Allen, 
William Ready, and L. A. Tuell, of No. 6 ; H. L. Blout, J. 



32 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

Peyser, and C. W. Okey, of No. 7 ; which were referred to the 
Committee on Election and Returns, which reported favorably 
thereon, and recommended their admission, which was concurred 
in. The Past Chancellors and Representatives Gray, Allen, 
Ready, Tuell, Blout, and Okey were then admitted and obli- 
gated. 

The Committee on Burgee reported the same completed, at a 
cost of $10; the report was received, the committee discharged, 
and the burgee placed in the hands of Grand Banker King for 
the Grand Lodge. 

P. C. Barton stated that he had in his possession a new Con- 
stitution which he had prepared, in view of the fact that the one 
in use was not sufficient to meet the demand for the proper 
government of the Lodges. The Constitution was, upon motion 
of P. C. R. T. Johnson, read by articles and sections, and had 
been read as far as Article VIII., Section V., when the Grand 
Lodge adjourned until the thirteenth. 

October 13, 1866. 

The Grand Lodge met in due form, pursuant to adjournment, 
— G. C. Edw. Dunn in the chair. Representative John Daugh- 
ton, of No. 5, was admitted and instructed. The new Constitu- 
tion was again taken up, and the remaining articles and sections 
adopted ; and the Constitution adopted in whole. Represen- 
tatives from No. 6 moved that hereafter the Committee on the 
Good of the Order be appointed in open Lodge. Adopted. 

P. C. 's Childs, Barton, and Representative Okey were appointed 
a committee to inquire into the expediency of having the Consti- 
tution printed. At this session G. R. S. Clarence M. Barton 
requested that his rank in the order be more clearly defined, he 
having been elected Grand Chancellor of the Order in June, 
1865, and remaining as such until the Grand Lodge ceased its 
functions by the decease of all the Lodges, except Franklin. 
After debate upon the matter, it was resolved that P. C. Clarence 
M. Barton be known hereafter as a Past Grand Chancellor of the 
Order. The Grand Lodge then adjourned until 16th October. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 33 

October 16, 1866. 

Pursuant to adjournment, the Grand Lodge met in due form, 
G. C. Edw. Dunn in the chair. Representative Jacob Peyser, 
of No. 7, was admitted and instructed. P. C. Edw. Fox ap- 
plied for the honors of a Past Grand Chancellor. After debate, 
the subject was laid on the table. Brothers J. Peyser, I. L. Blout, 
and Tuell were appointed a committee to have the funeral services 
printed. The following article was offered and read : 

" That the Subordinate Lodges shall do all their work in the Knight De- 
gree. ' 

A motion was made to suspend the rules to take up the article 
for action upon it. The Chair decided the motion not in order. 
An appeal was taken from the decision of the Chair, and the 
Chair was sustained. The Grand Lodge then adjourned. ■ 

November 22, 1866. 

A special session was held, P. G. C. Barton in the chair. 
The parts of the Constitution conflicting with the Ritual were 
taken up and stricken out. P. C.'s Barton, Westwood, and 
Kronheimer were appointed a committee to procure the officers' 
rosettes and emblems. The same committee was appointed to 
get up a design for working regalia of Grand Lodge. 

The Committee on Funeral Services presented a prayer, which 
was read and adopted. Adjourned. 

December 28, 1866. 

A special session was held, G. C. Edw. Dunn in the chair. 
The By-Laws of the Subordinate Lodges were presented and read 
by the G. R. S. The parts conflicting with the Constitution and 
Ritual were stricken out, and the By-Laws adopted; P. C.'s 
Barton, Martin, and Kronheimer were appointed a committee to 
examine the proof-sheets, and compare them with the original 
manuscript. Adjourned. 

C 



34 



THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 



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No. 5, 
Mt. Vernon. 

No. 6, 
Liberty 

No. 7 , 
Webster 





COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 35 

January 14, 1867. 

A regular quarterly session was held. The Grand Lodge met 
in due form, at Temperance Hall, V. G. C. John I. Downs in 
the. chair. The minutes of the last quarterly, adjourned, and 
special sessions were read and approved. The credentials of the 
following Past Chancellors and Representatives were presented, 
and referred to the Committee on Election and Returns, who 
reported favorably thereon, and recommended their admission. 

Past Chancellors — D. Carrigan and R. T. Lawson, of No. 2; 
R. T. Sears, of No. 5 ; John T. Smith, of No. 6 ; H. L. Blout, 
of No. 7. Representatives — F. Stromberger, John E. Herrill, 
and W. F. Garrett, of No. 5 ; Stephen Simonds, F. Prosperi, 
and William Ready, of No. 6 ; J. Peyser, Thomas Rich, and C. 
W. Okey, of No. 7. 

Past Chancellors Carrigan, Smith, Sears, and Lawson, and 
Representatives Herrell, Garrett, Simonds, and Rich were ad- 
mitted and instructed. 

The committee also examined the quarterly reports, and re- 
ported favorably thereon. The report of No. 7 was not presented. 

The Committee on Funeral Service reported having it printed, 
and presented a bill for the same; and they were discharged 
from the further consideration of the subject. 

The Committee on Officers' Rosettes reported having secured 
them at a cost of $8. 

The Committee on Working-Regalia for Grand Lodge mem- 
bers submitted a report ; and after debate it was laid upon the 
table. 

The committee on inquiring into the cost and expediency of 
having the Grand Lodge Constitution printed, submitted a report, 
that they could have one hundred copies printed at a cost of 
$32, and deem it expedient to have them printed at once. 

P. G. C. Barton offered the following resolution : 

Resolved, That hereafter, on the night of installation, the Worthy Chan- 
cellor of each Lodge shall appoint four officers, styled "Attendants," to serve 
during the quarter, and to be fined in case of absence — said Attendants to 
assist the officers of the Lodge during the initiation and conferring of the de- 
grees. 



36 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

After debate upon the resolution, the yeas and nays were called, 
and it was adopted by the following vote : Yeas — Past Chancel- 
lors Carrigan, Barton, Smith, Lawson, Cross, Childs, Westwood, 
Fox, Downs, Henry, Sears, and Beech; Representatives Si- 
monds, Rich, Stromberger, Jacob Peyser, and Herrell. Nays — 
Past Chancellors Johnson, Pyles, and Hamilton, and Representa- 
tive Garrett. 

The following resolution was offered and unanimously adopted : 

That, hereafter, previous to the installation of the Banker of Subordinate 
Lodges, he will be required to deliver the funds of the Lodge to his succes-^ 
sor, in the presence of the Installing Officer. 

The motion passed by the Grand Lodge on 7th of September, 
1866, to prevent the charter of any Lodge from being opened 
after it had been closed, was then, upon motion, reconsidered, 
and on motion of P. C. John W. Cross, Webster Lodge, No. 7, 
was allowed to re-open her charter for the space of one year, and 
confer the Page, Esquire, and Knight Degrees for the sum of $5. 
P. C.'s Carrigan, Westwood, and Barton were appointed a com- 
mittee to revise the installation work of Subordinate Lodges. 
P. C. Thomas Hamilton stated that he had collected a sum of 
money for the purpose of paying the necessary expenses to estab- 
lish a Lodge of the Order in Pennsylvania. The list of names 
of those subscribing were presented by the P. C. The G. C. was 
empowered to pay over the amount to those who might be depu- 
tized to organize a Lodge outside the district. The following 
appropriations were made : 

Printing Constitution of Grand Lodge .$32 00 

Rosettes for Officers 8 00 

Printing Funeral Odes 3 50 

Hall Rent 3 00 

Total $46 50 

The Grand Lodge adjourned until the 29th instant. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 37 

January 29, 1867. 

The Grand Lodge met pursuant to adjournment, at Union 
Lodge Hall, and was opened in due form, G. C. Edw. Dunn 
in the chair. 

The credentials of Representative Darnell, of No. 6, were re- 
ceived, examined, and the brother admitted and instructed. 

The Committee on Printing reported having received twenty- 
copies of the Grand Lodge Constitution, the remainder to be 
finished -in a few days. The report was received. 

The committee on comparing the proof-sheets of the Consti- 
tution and By-Laws of Subordinate Lodges with the original 
manuscript, reported that the proofs had been examined by them 
and were found to be filled with errors. They asked to be dis- 
charged ; which was agreed to. 

The Committee on Grand Lodge Working-Regalia submitted 
three different plans for consideration, and after discussion^ the 
following was adopted as the working-regalia of the Grand 
Lodge : Past Grand Chancellors and Venerable Grand Patri- 
archs, black velvet collars, trimmed with gold. The letters P. 
G. C. worked in gold on the former, and a Bible in gold on the 
latter. . For all officers' and Past Chancellors, a red velvet collar, 
trimmed with gold bullion. On the officers' collars their insignia 
will be worked in gold ; for Representatives from Subordinate 
Lodges, a red velvet collar, trimmed with silver bullion. 

The committee on getting up a form of installation for Subor- 
dinate Lodges (P. C.'s Carrigan, Barton, and Westwood) sub- 
mitted a form, which was read, (the same now in use,) and, after 
a lengthy discussion, adopted by a vote of eleven to five. 

The seats of Grand Guide Jasper Scott, and Grand Inner 
Steward R. V. Henry, were declared vacant according to the 
Constitution, they having been absent six sessions. 

The Grand Lodge went into an election, and P. C. W. P. 
Westwood, of No. 6, was elected Grand Guide, and P. C. R. T. 
Johnson, of No. 5, Grand Inner Steward. Representative Her- 
rell, of No. 5, asked the following interrogatories: 
4 



38 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

1. Is it lawful to assess the members of a Lodge $ia head on the de- 
cease of a Brother, and turn the same into the treasury of the Lodge when 
there is no widow or children to receive it ? 

2. Has f a Lodge a right to levy a tax on its members for any object not 
specified in the Constitution and By-Laws of said Lodge? 

The interrogatories, after a lengthy debate, were referred to 
the Grievance Committee. 

In reply to a question by Representative Stromberger, the 
Grand Chancellor decided that members of Subordinate Lodges 
had no right to know the business transacted by the Grand 
Lodge, unless officially informed of it. 

After the transaction of other business, the Grand Lodge 
adjourned until 12th of February. 

The following appropriations were made : 

To Mount Vernon Lodge, for money loaned $30 00 

To Hall Rent 5 00 

February 12, 1867. 

The Grand Lodge met pursuant to adjournment, and was 
opened in due form, G. C. Edw. Dunn in the chair. 

The credentials of Representative H. V. Cole, of No. 7, vice 
Thos. Rich, resigned, were received, examined, and the brother 
admitted and instructed. G. G. Westwood and G. I. S. John- 
son were duly installed in office. 

The Committee on Printing Grand Lodge Constitution made 
a partial report, and asked for an appropriation of $3 to supply 
deficiency. The report was received. 

The Committee on Rosettes and Emblems reported having 
procured the emblems at a cost of $16, and were discharged from 
the further consideration of the subject. 

. On motion of P. C. Daniel Carrigan, a copy of the printed 
Ritual, with the seal attached, was loaned to P. G. C. J. H. 
Rathbone until such times as the Grand Lodge should demand it. 

The Grievance Committee, P. C.'s John W. Cross and R. V. 
Henry, to whom had been referred the interrogatories of Repre- 
sentative Herrell, on the 29th of January, reported as to the first 
interrogatory, "That no tax could be levied;" and as to the 
second, " That a Lodge has a right to levy a tax for any purpose 






COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 39 

not specified in the Constitution and By-Laws ; provided it be 
done by unanimous consent of those present." 

P. C. Martin moved that the report of the committee be re- 
ceived and adopted. After discussion upon the subject, and 
various motions and appeals, P. G. C. Barton moved that the 
whole subject be postponed until the next session of the Grand 
Lodge ; which was adopted. 

P. G. C.'s Rathbone and Barton, and P. C. Carrigan were 
appointed a committee to have the Grand and Subordinate 
Lodge installation work printed. 

P. C. Kronheimer offered the following resolutions, which were 
laid over according to rule : 

Resolved, That no brother who is not in possession of the quarterly pass- 
word shall be admitted to a seat, nor gain admittance into a sister Lodge. 

Resolved, That hereafter all applicants for membership to the Knights of 
Pythias shall sign their names to the application, and if they are not compe- 
tent to do so, they shall not be admitted to fellowship, and those now belong- 
ing to the Order who cannot write their names shall be disqualified from 
ever holding office in the Order. 

On motion, and at the request of P. G. C. Rathbone, he was 
empowered to reorganize Washington Lodge, No. i, by bringing 
it back into the Order in a constitutional form. 

P. G. C.'s Rathbone, Barton, and G. C. Dunn were, on mo- 
tion of P. C. Carrigan, appointed a committee to set to music 
the Initiatory Anthem. 

A communication was read from Franklin Lodge, No. 2, pre- 
senting to the Grand Lodge their old Second and Third Degree 
work. The communication was received, and a vote of thanks 
tendered that Lodge. 

Representative Darnell offered the following amendment to the 
Grand Lodge Constitution : 

Article 4, Section 1. " That this Grand Lodge hold an annual session on 
the fourth Tuesday in July." 

Representative Stromberger moved that the proceedings of 
the " Old Grand Lodge " be declared null and void, and a com- 
mittee of three be appointed to procure a new seal. 



40 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

P. C. D. Carrigan moved to lay it on the table, which motion 
was lost. After debate on the question, P. C. John W. Cross 
moved to postpone the matter until the second meeting night in 
August ; which was adopted by a vote of fourteen to four. 

A debate was here sprung in regard to the expulsion of P. G. 
C. J. T. K. Plant, and rank of P. G. C. Rathbone. 

P. C. Westwood offered the following resolution : 

Resolved, That notwithstanding any action to the contrary, V. G. P. J. H. 
Rathbone is hereby declared to be the senior Past Grand Chancellor of the 
Order. 

The resolution was adopted. 

P. C. John H. King offered the following resolution : 

Resolved, That during installation, initiation, and conferring of degrees, all 
other business must be suspended, and no brother will be permitted to enter 
or retire from the Lodge room. 

Also a resolution establishing the mode of balloting. Laid 
over according to rule. The voting sign of the Order was then 
established.; and a new form of quarterly reports. 

P. G. C. Barton stated that he had been for some time com- 
municating with gentlemen in Philadelphia in relation to estab- 
lishing the Order in that city, and was satisfied, from the tenor 
of their letters, that a Lodge of the Order could be organized 
there with good material. He asked an appropriation of money 
to proceed to Philadelphia at once, for the purpose of explaining 
the principles of the Order to those in that city who were willing 
to take hold of the matter and to arrange preliminaries previous 
to their making application for a charter. 

On motion the sum of $20 was appropriated from the fund 
collected by P. C. Hamilton for the payment of P. G. C. Bar- 
ton's expenses to Philadelphia — and the following Past Chan- 
cellors deputized to proceed to Philadelphia in case Brother 
Barton's efforts were successful : P. G. C. Rathbone, G. C. Edw. 
Dunn, P. C.'s John W. Cross and Daniel Carrigan. 

On motion of P. G. C. Rathbone, the Subordinate Lodges 
were requested to turn out in procession, and escort the Grand 
Officers to the depot on the occasion. The Grand Lodge mem- 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. * 4 1 

bers were also requested to turn out, and the following commit- 
tee appointed to procure music: P. G. C. Rathbone and P. C.'s 
Childs and King. 

P. C. J. W. Cross asked to be excused from serving on the 
Grievance Committee ; which was agreed to. 

The following appropriations were made : 

Officers' emblems $16 bo 

Deficiency on printed Constitutions 3 00 

Blank notices for G. R. S 4 00 

Total $23 00 

Adjourned. 

P. G. C. Barton left Washington on the 15 th for Philadelphia. 
On arriving there he proceeded directly to several friends in the 
north-western part of that city, and, after a consultation upon the 
subject, they determined to organize a Lodge. A meeting was 
called at the residence of George Hensler, Esq., corner 15th and 
Brown Streets, who was chosen its chairman. The objects and 
principles of the Order were duly explained, and those present 
subscribed to the application. The name of the Lodge was fixed 
upon as Excelsior Lodge, No. 1, and the application was for- 
warded to the Grand Chancellor at Washington. 

February 21, 1867. 
A special session was held, G. C. Edw. Dunn in the chair, 
who stated that he had received a letter from P. G. C. Barton in 
Philadelphia, informing him of the success he had met with, and 
also enclosing the following application for a charter ; which was 
read by G. R. S./. t. D. Carrigan: 

Philadelphia, February 19, 1867. 
7c? the G. C. and Members of the Grand Lodge, 

Knights of Pythias, D. C. 
The undersigned, residing in the city of Philadelphia, respectfully petition 
your honorable body to grant them a charter, or dispensation, to establish a 
Lodge of the Knights of Pythias, to be located in the 15th Ward, Philadel- 
phia, said Lodge to be known as Excelsior Lodge, No. 1, Knights of Pythias, 
and under your jurisdiction. 
Charter fee enclosed — $10. 
4* 



42 " THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

WILBUR H. MYERS Venerable Patriarch. 

FRED. COPPES Worthy Chancellor. 

JOHN JAY FISHER Vice Chancellor. 

WILLIAM A. PORTER Banker. 

A. J. HUNTZINGER Financial Scribe. 

G. GRAEF Recording Scribe. 

J. W. HENCILL Guide. 

JAMES McDEVITT Inner Steward. 

JAMES HERMANN Outer Steward. 

George Hensler, Wm. A. McCoy, Wm. R. Buddy, James Culbertson, C. 
Umstead, Jacob Allen, D. P. Miller, George C. Johnson, C. S. Williams, 
Robert Jeandelle, Samuel C. Barton,Wm. Allen, Louis Lampter, James Porter, 
P. Bodamer, P. J. Hallowell, Enoch McCabe, James Dunn, George W. 
Lauster. 

The application was referred to the following committee for 
examination: P. C.'s Childs, Smith, and Scott, who reported 
favorable ; when, upon motion, the charter was granted. 

On motion it was resolved that the degree work presented to 
the Grand Lodge by Franklin Lodge, No. 2, be taken to Phila- 
delphia and left in charge of Excelsior Lodge. A committee of 
one from each Lodge was also appointed to get everything in 
readiness, and it was resolved that those deputized on the 12th 
instant to proceed to Philadelphia, leave for that city on the 
11. 15 train, Saturday, February 23. Adjourned. 

P. G. C. Rathbone, P. C.'s Carrigan, Cross, Smith, and 
others were escorted to the depot from Mount Vernon Lodge 
room, on the morning of the 23d of February, by Heald's Band 
and the members of the Order in regalia. 

On arriving in Philadelphia, they were met by P. G. C. Bar- 
ton and G. C. Dunn, (who had arrived two days before,) and 
along with their Philadelphia friends proceeded to the Hall of 
the Mechanic Fire Company, Brown Street, below 15th Street, 
and there organized Excelsior Lodge, No. 1, and installed their 
officers on the evening of the 23d of February, 1867. 

February 26, 1867. 
An adjourned quarterly session was held, P. C. Kronheimer 
in the chair. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 43 

The committee to organize Excelsior Lodge, of Philadelphia, 
-reported the result of their labors, and were discharged from the 
further consideration of the subject. 

The Committee on Music made a partial report, and were 
granted further time. 

On motion of Representative Garrett, of No. 5, the motion by 
which the report of the Grievance Committee on the interroga- 
tories of Representative Herrell was laid over until the next 
session, was reconsidered; and, after debate, the committee's 
report on the second interrogatory was stricken out, and their 
report on the first — that no tax could be levied — was adopted 
as the sense of the Grand Lodge. 

The G. R. S. was authorized to forward a communication to 
No. 5 Lodge, informing them of the illegality of levying the tax 
of $1 upon their members on the decease of one of their brothers. 

A communication was also ordered to be sent to P. C. T. W. 
Cook, in Philadelphia, requesting him to visit Excelsior Lodge 
and instruct its members in the work of the Order. 

The following resolution, offered by P. G. C. Barton, was 
adopted : 

Resolved, That the Grand Lodge, District of Columbia, shall pay the trav- 
elling expenses of one Past Officer of Excelsior Lodge, of Pennsylvania, to 
attend the Grand Lodge sessions for one year. 

P. C. I. L. Blout offered a substitute for P. C. King's resolu- 
tion in regard to the mode of balloting ; which was adopted. 

An appeal was read from Brothers F. Stromberger and J. T. 
Roland, of No. 5, protesting against a fine being levied upon 
them for conversing in the Lodge-room during initiation. Re- 
ferred to the following committee : P. C.'s Henry, I. L. Blout, 
and West wood. 

A card of thanks was tendered the members of Excelsior 
Lodge, Philadelphia, for their kind and generous treatment of 
the Grand Lodge delegates while in that city. 

Also one to Representative Stromberger for the aid he had 
given the brethren in preparing the necessary work. 

And a card of thanks to the Subordinate Lodges for their turn- 
out on the occasion of escorting the delegates to the depot. 



44 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

On motion P. C. John H. King was loaned the emblems of 
the Grand Lodge, to be used by Franklin Lodge, No. 2, on the 
occasion of visiting a fair at Odd-Fellows' Hall. 

P. G. C. Rathbone moved that a committee of five be ap- 
pointed to take into consideration the feasibility of erecting a 
hall in the city, to be known as the Hall of the Knights of 
Pythias ; adopted, and the following committee appointed : P. G. 
C. Rathbone, and P. C.'s King, Childs, Westwood, and Kron- 
heimer. 

The Grand Lodge then adjourned until March 12th. 



March 12, 1867. 

An adjourned quarterly session was held, G. C. Edward 
Dunn in chair. 

The credentials of P. C. Wilbur H. Myers, and Reps. Fred. 
Coppes, Wm. A. Porter, and John W. Hencill, of Excelsior 
Lodge, Pa., were presented and referred to the Committee on 
Election and Returns ; which reported favorable. 

Reps. Coppes and Porter were then introduced and instructed. 

The Committee on Music made a report, and requested an 
appropriation of $5 to supply deficiency. 

On motion of P. C. J. S. Martin, the report was received, and 
the request granted ; the Committee was then discharged. 

An application for a card was read from J. N. Turpin, a 
former member of Washington Lodge, No. 1, and referred to P. 
C.'s Johnson, Kronheimer, and Carrigan. 

The By-Laws of Excelsior Lodge, of Pennsylvania, were pre- 
sented, read and approved, and that Lodge empowered to keep 
open its charter books until the first meeting in July. 

The Committee on Printing Installation Work of Grand and 
Subordinate Lodges was empowered to have 100 copies printed. 

The Committee on Supervision were, on motion of P. C. King, 
ordered to report at the next session all conflictions between the 
Ritual and Constitution. 

Appropriations. — $5.00 to Committee on Music. 

Adjourned. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 



45 



No. i (Pa.) 
Excelsior 


No. 2, 
Franklin 

No. 5, 
Mt. Vernon.. 

No. 6, 
Liberty 

No. 7, 
Webster 


2 

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CO 


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h | H : v> co : 1 Esquires. 


ov 


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vj 


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vj vj h tO to 
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General Fund. 


w 
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vo 10 cn 
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Special Tax. 


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vo Ov vo Ov 
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Total. 


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I 1 "o 


Relief of Sick. 


b 

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d 
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W 

w 










Funerals. 




8 






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: : o 

: o 


Relief of Distress. 


•9* 

00 
00 

CO 

ON 




4»- VJ to 4>. 00 
Cn vo h 00 vo 

Ov (0 4»- 10 O 
Ov tn Ov to O 


Total Expended. 


1 

2 


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O 10 Q 4>- M 
O 00 5 vj tn 

vj Co cn cn 4»- 

vo 0O VO 4- M 


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> 
a 


s 


m to VO Ov Ov 
00 tn o tn to 

O h 4«- v£y 


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or School Fund. 


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: : °° 

: : *o 


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en 
Cn 


M Ov CO CO 

m cn vo m to 
vo to M Ov 

O Co 00 Ov Ov 

vO oo 00 O 


Total on Hand. 


v§* 

VO 


M CO 10 M 

OV Ov CO CO vo 
4»- 4» 4- vj Ov 

vj VJ M (jj (0 


Percentage to Grand 
Lodge. 



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Si 

v% 



Sv 

3 



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3 

& 

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> 
bd 



46 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

April 9, 1867. 

The Grand Lodge assembled in quarterly session, and was 
opened in due form, G. C. Edward Dunn in the chair. Prayer 
by V. G. P. pro tem. Carrigan. 

The proceedings of the adjourned and special sessions were 
read and approved. 

The Committee on Election and Returns reported favorably 
on the returns of Nos. 2, 5, and 6, of D. C., and No. 1, of Phil- 
adelphia. The returns of No. 7, of D. C., were not presented. 

The credentials of the following Brothers were found correct, 
and so reported by the committee : P. C.'s W. H. Myers, of Pa. ; 
C. Hutzler, of No. 2 ; B. Daughton, of No. 5 ; James Matthie- 
son, No. 6 ; Jacob Peyser, No. 7, and Reps. Allen, Mclnturff, 
and Gordon, of No. 6, and Okey, Cole, and Nattaus, of No. 7. 

The following, being present, were admitted and instructed : 
P. C.'s Myers, Hutzler, Matthieson, and Daughton, and Reps. 
Allen, Mclnturff, and Cole. 

The committee to whom was referred the application of J. N. 
Turpin for a card, made an unfavorable report, finding that at 
the time of the decease of Washington Lodge the Brother was 
not in good standing. The report was received and the com- 
mittee discharged. 

The Committee on Grievance, to whom was referred the appeal 
of Bros. Stromberger and Roland, of No. 5, reported that the 
cause of the Brothers being fined was of such a nature that it 
would not justify a fine, and that the Brothers were fined con- 
trary to custom and law, there being no legal charges brought 
against them for the offence at the time. The report was 
received and adopted, and the committee discharged. 

Applications for cards from T. Harry Donahue, of late Wash- 
ington Lodge, and John P. Lucas, of late Potomac Lodge, were 
read and referred to the following committee : P. C.'s Fox, 
Matthieson, and Daughton. 

An application for card was also received from Isaac N. Bowen, 
a Past Chancellor of late Alexandria Lodge ; which, on the recom- 
mendation of P. C. John H. King, was granted. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 47 

A communication was read from Excelsior Lodge, of Phila- 
delphia, informing the Grand Lodge of the election of their offi- 
cers for the ensuing quarter. Also, one tendering the thanks of 
their Lodge to the Grand Lodge for their generous treatment of 
their Representatives at the last Grand Lodge session. 

And one from Franklin Lodge, No. 2, notifying the Grand 
Lodge that fifty additional members had been secured by that 
Lodge, according to the rules prescribed by the Grand Lodge. 
Also, one from same Lodge, notifying the Grand Lodge of P. 
C.'s who were in arrears. 

The communications were received and noted. 

On motion, the action of Excelsior Lodge, in re-electing the 
same officers for the ensuing quarter, was sustained. 

An appeal was read from A. F. Altemus, of No. 7 Lodge, 
claiming that H. V. Cole had been unconstitutionally elected 
Financial Scribe of that Lodge, and that he (Altemus) was enti- 
tled to the office ; referred to the Grievance Committee. 

The amendments to the Grand Lodge Constitution — offered 
by P. G. C. C. M. Barton, and Rep. Darnell, on the 29th Janu- 
ary — were then taken up and adopted, making the time for 
holding the quarterly session on the 2d Tuesday of each quarter, 
and the annual session on the 4th Tuesday in July. 

The resolutions of P. C. H. Kronheimer, proposing an amend- 
ment to the Grand Lodge Constitution, which were presented on 
-1 2th of February, were taken up, and, after discussion, were 
rejected. 

The amendment offered by Rep. Stromberger, that "No 
Brother shall be eligible, to the office of W. C. until he has 
served one term in each subordinate office, commencing with the 
office of Financial Scribe, and progressing upward," was taken 
up, and, after lengthy debate, adopted. A vote by Lodges being 
called, resulted as follows : Affirmative — Mount Vernon, Web- 
ster, Excelsior; Negative — Franklin and Liberty. 

The following committee was appointed to devise a P. C.'s 
and Rep.'s Degree for the Grand Lodge: G. C. Edward Dunn, 
P. G. C. C. M. Barton, and P. C.'s Myers, Childs, Westwood, 
and Kronheimer. 



48 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

The following committee was appointed to inquire into the 
expediency of giving an excursion for the benefit of the Grand 
Lodge : P. G. C. Barton, and P. G.'s Childs and Kronheimer. 

The following appropriations were made : 

Installation Work (printing) $26 00 

Hall Rent 4 89 

C. M. Barton, travelling expenses 10 00 

W. H. Myers, " " 10 00 

Total #50 89 

RECEIPTS. 

Percentage from Subordinate Lodges $99 70 

Cards 4 50 

Total $104 20 

The Grand Lodge then adjourned. 

May 14, 1867. 

A special session was held, Grand Banker John H. King in 
the chair. 

On motion, the vote by which the amendment of Rep. 
Stromberger to the Constitution was effected at the last session, 
was declared null and void, the vote on the amendment having 
been taken by Lodges, when Article XVIII. of the Grand Lodge 
Constitution required all amendments to be approved by a vote 
of two-thirds of the members present entitled to vote, before 
they became a part of the Constitution. 

The Committee on the application of John P. Lucas for card, 
made a favorable report, and a card was granted. 

The Committee on Supervision reported conflictions between 
the Ritual and Constitution. 

The Committee on Grievances reported upon the appeal of A. 
F. Altemus, that he was entitled to the office of Financial Scribe, 
and that Brother Cole * was not. 

The reports were received and adopted. 

* At the beginning of the quarter, Brother H. V. Cole was installed into 
office by the Grand Chancellor, the objections to the contrary notwithstand- 
ing. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 49 

Bro. John Meyer, formerly a member of the late Potomac 
Lodge, applied for a card, and P. C.'s Westwood, Johnson, and 
Childs, were appointed a committee upon it. 

Receipts, card of John Meyer, #1.50. 

The Grand Lodge then adjourned. 

June 17, 1867. 

A special session was held, G. C. Edward Dunn in the chair. 

An application for a charter to organize Columbia Lodge, No. 
8, was presented, accompanied with the charter fee and requisite 
number of signers — the Lodge to be located in the south-western 
part of the city of Washington, D. C. The application was 
dated May 10, 1867, and signed as follows: Wm. H. Signor, 
Geo. H. Kepplar, James T. Davis, Wm. T. Hall, Geo. W. 
Sewell, James B. Shearer, G. W. Barkman, J. H. Truett, and J. 
R. N. Curtin. The application was received, referred to the ap- 
propriate committee, which reported favorably, and the charter 
granted ; previous to which the name of Columbia was stricken 
out, and the applicants ordered to be informed that the name of 
Washington or Columbia could not be used by a new Lodge, 
there being two defunct Lodges bearing those names. 

Receipts, charter fee, $10.00. 

The Grand Lodge then adjourned. 

June 25, 1867. 

A special session was held for the purpose of organizing Friend- 
ship Lodge, No. 8, G. C. Edward Dunn in the chair. A com- 
mittee was appointed to wait on the applicants and procure a list 
of their officers. The committee reported the following : V. G. 
P. (past officer), J. R. N. *Curtin ; Worthy Chancellor, John H. 
Kepplar; V. C, Geo. W. Sewell; Banker, Jas. Shearer; R. S., 
W. T. Hall ; F. S., W. H. Signor; Guide, L. B. Grimes; I. S., 
Jas. L. Davis; O. S., Geo. W. Barkman. The above officers, 
and several members, were then introduced and instructed in the 
mysteries of the several Degrees. 

Adjourned. 

5 » 



5° 



THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 



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No. 2, 
Franklin 

No. 5, 
Mt. Vernon. 

No. 6, 
Liberty 

No. 7, 
Webster 

No 8, 
Friendship.. 

No. 1 (Pa.) 
Excelsior 





COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 5 I 

July 9, 1867. 

A regular quarterly session was held. The Grand Lodge as- 
sembled in due form, G. C. Dunn in the chair. Prayer by V. 
G. P., pro tern., Edward Fox. 

The minutes of the last quarterly and special sessions were 
read and approved. 

The Committee on Election and Returns reported the returns 
of Nos. 2 and 6 correct, and those of No. 1, of Pa., and Nos. 
5 and 7, of D. C., incorrect — the former not having the W. C 's 
signature attached, and the two latter having no seals affixed. 
The report was received and adopted by a vote of 18 to 3. 

The credentials of the Past Chancellors and Representatives 
were then examined by the committee, and the following were 
admitted and instructed. P. C.'s John Schultz, No. 2; J. R. 
N. Curtin, No. 8 ; F. Wood, No. 5 ; A. Shaw, No. 6 ; C. W. 
Okey, No. 7 ; Reps. Allen, Mclnturff, and Garrett, No. 6 ; Wil- 
bourne, Dykes, and Kepplar, No. 8 ; and Cole, Clark, and 
Altemus, of No. 7. 

The following committees, being unable to report, were dis- 
charged : on Regalia, Excursion, and Degree Work. 

A communication was read from Excelsior Lodge, of Penn- 
sylvania, asking the Grand Lodge to confer the Past Chancellor's 
Degree upon all of their first installed officers, in order to ad- 
vance the work in Philadelphia; that they be empowered to 
make their R. S., B., and O. S. yearly officers; and that they 
be empowered to hold a new election for officers to serve the 
balance of the quarter. Ordered to be recorded. 

P. G. C. Barton offered the following : 

Whe?-eas, Excelsior Lodge, No. I, of Philadelphia, organized but little 
more than four months since, and now numbering 300 members, in order to 
more fully carry on the work begun in Philadelphia, have respectfully made 
application to this Grand Lodge for a dispensation to make their first officers 
Past Officers ; and whereas, the Grand Lodge of D. C, fully recognizing 
the great interest Excelsior Lodge has taken in endeavoring to spread the 
Order; and desiring to extend to them all the facilities in our power for so 
doing: therefore, be it 

Resolved, That John Jay Fisher, Wm. H. Wartman, Geo. W. Pugh, Wm. 



52 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

A. Porter, John W. Hencill, James McDevitt, Jos. Hermann, and John Brown, 
M. D., be, and they are, hereby declared to be Past Chancellors of the Knights 
of Pythias, of the State of Pennsylvania, entitled to all the amenities and 
privileges of Past Chancellors of the Order. 

On motion, the rules were suspended, to take up the resolu- 
tion. An amendment was offered to insert after the names, the 
names of the Recording Scribes and Bankers of Nos. 5, 6, 7, 
and 8 Lodges, which was laid on the table. The resolution 
then passed, after debate, by a vote of 17 to 7. 

On motion, Friendship Lodge, No. 8, was allowed to keep 
open their charter six months from its date. 

A communication was read from Union Lodge, No. it, I. O. 
O. F., instructing the Grand Lodge to turn over all money for 
hall rent to Parker Hall Sweet, Secretary of the Grand Lodge of 
Odd-Fellows, until further orders. 

Communications were read from Mount Vernon Lodge — one 
requesting a new First Degree Work, in lieu of the one taken by 
the Grand Officers to Philadelphia, and one requesting a charter 
from the Grand Lodge, in lieu of the one granted by the Past 
Chancellors of Franklin Lodge. The requests contained in the 
communications were granted. 

Representative Garrett offered the following : 

Resolved, That Article 6, Section 9, requiring elective officers of Subordi- 
nate Lodges to serve in the capacity of O. S., and progress upward to the 
Chair of W. C, be annulled, and insert " from Financial Scribe." 

A motion was made to suspend the rules, to take up the reso- 
lution ; which was laid on the table. The resolution was laid 
over. 

Representative Allen offered the following : 

Resolved, That Recording Scribe Theodore Sniffin, of Liberty Lodge, No. 
6, Knights of Pythias, be, and is hereby entitled to receive the Grand Lodge 
Degree. 

The resolution was taken up, discussed, and then laid upon 
the table. 

Several amendments to the Grand Lodge Constitution were 
then offered by P. G. C. Barton, and laid over. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 53 

The Grand Lodge then went into nominations for Grand 
Officers, with the following result : 

For Grand Chancellor, P. C.'s Westwood, Carrigan, Childs, 
King, and P. G. C. Barton; for Vice Grand Chancellor, P. C.'s 
Carrigan, Kronheimer, Smith, Johnson, Sears, and King; for 
Grand Recording Scribe, P. C.'s Westwood, Okey, and P. G. 
C. Barton; for Grand Financial Scribe, P. C.'s Cross, Okey, 
Curtin, Wood, and Johnson; for Grand Banker, P. C.'s Martin, 
Westwood, and G. C. Dunn ; for Grand Guide, Cross, Wood, 
Sears, Johnson, Okey, Kronheimer, and Curtin ; for Grand Inner 
Steward, P. C.'s Westwood, Wood, Childs, Sears, and P. G. C. 
Barton ; for Grand Outer Steward, P. C. Martin, and P. G. C. 
Barton. 

On motion of P. G. C. Barton, a committee on printing was 
appointed, with full power to have all necessary printing done for 
the Order. P. G. C. Barton, P. C. Carrigan, and P. C. Okey, 
Committee. 

Receipts, $65.21 ; expenditures, for hall rent, $9.37. 

The Grand Lodge then adjourned. 

July 15, 1867. 

A special session was held, G. C. Edw. Dunn in the chair. 

An application for a charter for Keystone Lodge, No. 2, of 
Philadelphia, was received, dated June 29, 1867 — charter fee 
enclosed, and twenty-six signatures attached. 

On motion of P. C. D. Carrigan, the charter was granted, and 
P. C. Harry Kronheimer deputized to proceed to Philadelphia 
on the following Thursday and install the officers and initiate the 
members of the new Lodge. 

Receipts — Charter fee $10 00 

Expenditures — Travelling expenses to H. Kronheimer 10 00 

Adjourned. 

July 23, 1867. 

An annual session was held. The Grand Lodge assembled and 
was opened in due form. 

Present: J. H. Rathbone, Venerable Grand Patriarch ; 
Edw. Dunn, Grand Chancellor ; C. M. Barton, Grand Record- 



54 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

ing Scribe ; Wm. M. Childs, Grand Financial Scribe ; John H. 
King, Grand Banker ; Wm. P. Westwood, Grand Guide ; R. 
T. Johnson, Grand Inner Steward. 

Prayer by V. G. P. J. H. Rathbone. 

The proceedings of the regular quarterly and special sessions 
were read and approved. 

The credentials of P. C.'s Coppes, Wm. A. Porter, and Reps. 
Wallace, Curry, and Ashe, of Excelsior Lodge, No. i, of Phila- 
delphia, were found correct, and the Brothers admitted and 
instructed. 

The Committee on Printing reported having procured 200 
copies blank Quarterly Reports, 200 Odes, and 100 Withdrawal 
Cards. The report was received. 

The report of the Finance Committee was, upon motion of P. 

C. R. T. Johnson, laid over until the adjourned session, and 
Rep. Allen, of No. 6, appointed to serve upon the committee 
in place of P. C. Childs, who declined — the committee now 
standing as follows : P. G. C. Rathbone and P. C. Scott and 
Rep. Allen. 

An application for a charter for Chosen Friends Lodge, No. 
3, of Philadelphia, dated July 20, 1867, was then read — charter 
fee enclosed, and signed by the requisite number. 

The charter was unanimously granted, and the G. C. appointed 

D. G. C. W. H. Myers, P. C.'s Coppes, Porter, and Hencill, 
of Pennsylvania, and G. G. Kronheimer, of D. C, to initiate and 
install the new Lodge. 

On motion of P. C. Coppes, Keystone Lodge, No. 2, was 
empowered to keep open their charter until October 26, 1867. 

P. C. R. T. Johnson moved that the action of the Grand 
Lodge in February last, (26th,) declaring illegal the action of 
Mount Vernon Lodge, in levying the $1 tax upon its members, in 
the case of the death of a Brother, be repealed. After consider- 
able debate upon the subject, the motion was adopted. 

P. C. C. W. Okey moved the nomination of officers be re- 
opened ; lost. 

On motion of P. C. J. S. Martin the Grand Lodge went into 
an election for officers for the ensuing year. P. C.'s Porter and 
Coppes, of No. 1, Pa., were appointed tellers. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 55 

P. G. C. Barton withdrew his name for the office of Grand 
Chancellor, and the first ballot resulted as follows, viz. : Carri- 
gan, 14; Westwood, 13; Childs, 7; King, 3 — no choice. P. 
C.'s Childs and King withdrew their names. Second ballot: 
Westwood, 22; Carrigan, 16; necessary to a choice, 20. P. C. 
Westwood was therefore declared elected Grand Chancellor. 

For Vice Grand Chancellor, P. C.'s Smith and King with- 
drew their names, and the ballot resulted as follows : Carrigan, 
19; Kronheimer, 10; Johnson, 7. P. G. Carrigan was declared 
elected Vice Grand Chancellor. 

For Grand Recording Scribe, P. G. C. C. M. Barton was 
unanimously elected. There being no opposition candidate, P. 
G. C. Rathbone cast the vote of the Lodge. 

Grand Financial Scribe — First ballot : Cross, 8; Okey, 13; 
Wood, 9 — no choice. Second ballot: Cross, 10; Okey 13; 
Wood, 8 — no choice. P. C. Wood withdrew his name. Third 
ballot: Okey, 19; Cross, 12. P. C. Okey was declared elected 
Grand Financial Scribe. 

For Grand Banker, P. G. C. Dunn withdrew his name, and 
there being but one nominee — P. C. J. S. Martin — he was 
declared unanimously elected. There being no opposing candi- 
date, P. G. C. Rathbone cast the vote for the Grand Lodge. 

Grand Guide, P. C. Sears withdrew his name. First ballot : 
Cross, 4; Wood, 6; Kronheimer, 12; Curtin, 5 — no choice.' 
Second ballot — P. C. Curtin withdrew — Cross, 4; Wood, 8; 
Kronheimer, 14. P. C. Kronheimer was declared elected Grand 
Guide. 

For Grand Inner Steward — Wood, 17; Childs, 1. P. C. 
Wood was declared elected. 

For Grand Outer Steward, the following nominations were 
made : P. G. C. Rathbone and P. C. Lawson. The vote stood 
as follows: P. G. C. Rathbone, n; P. C. Lawson, 13. The 
latter was declared duly elected. 

G. C. Dunn then installed his successor, who, in turn, in- 
stalled the remaining newly elected officers. 

On motion of P. G. C. Rathbone, the thanks of the Grand 
Lodge were tendered to the late Grand Chancellor, for his effi- 
ciency during the past year. 



■ 



5 6 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

Several amendments to the Ritual were then offered by P. G. 
C. Barton, and laid over according to rule. 

The case of Croton Fletcher was also disposed of, by empow- 
ering any Lodge in the District to initiate and confer the three 
degrees upon him for five dollars. 

The following rates of tariff, for Grand Lodge revenue, were 
determined upon : 

Withdrawal Cards, each 25 

Odes, each 5 

Ritual — 1st set ... $20 00 

" 2d set , 10 00 

Installation Work, per set 1 50 

The following resolution was offered and adopted : 

Resolved, That members of defunct Lodges who were not in good stand- 
ing at the time of the decease of their Lodge, and who apply for admission 
into the Order, can receive a card from this Grand Lodge by paying the 
amount standing against them upon the books of their respective Lodges. 

The Grand Lodge adjourned until August 15. 

RECEIPTS. 

Chosen Friends Lodge, No. 3, Pa., charter fee $10 00 

Excelsior Lodge, No. I, Pa., percentage 62 27 

" " " Rituals 2000 

Total 92 27 

APPROPRIATIONS. 

To Printing Committee $30 00 

C. M. Barton, services 25 00 

P. C. F. Coppes, of Pa., travelling expenses 10 00 

Total 65 00 

During the year the Lodges had paid to the Grand Lodge 

as percentage $389 77 

The total receipts for the year were 576 79 

Total expended 347 01 

Leaving a balance in hands of newly elected Banker of $229 78 

The Order now numbered eight Lodges, namely, Franklin, 
No. 2 ; Mount Vernon, No. 5 ; Liberty, No. 6 ; Webster, No. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 57 

7 ; and Friendship, No. 8, of the District of Columbia ; and Ex- 
celsior, Keystone, and Chosen Friends, of Philadelphia. 

The quarterly report of No. 1 Lodge, of Philadelphia, showed 
that the experiment of planting the Order outside of the Dis- 
trict had by no means been a failure ; but, on the contrary, its 
principles seemed to be disseminated as if by magic, and those 
who embrace them, saw, by the very simplicity of the work, and 
the practical lessons taught by the Ritual, a glorious future for 
the Order in the State of Pennsylvania and elsewhere. 

CLARENCE M. BARTON, P. G. C, 

Grand Recording Scribe. 

officers' term expiring July, 1868. 

Edw. Dunn, Venerable Grand Patriarch ;Wm. P. Westwood, 
Grand Chancellor ; Daniel Carrigan, Vice Grand Chancellor ; 
Clarence M. Barton, Grand Recording Scribe ; C. W. Okey, 
Grand Financial Scribe ; Joseph S. Martin, Grand Banker ; 
Harry Kronheimer, Grand Guide ; Francis Wood, Grand Inner 
Steward ; Richard Lawson, Grand Outer Steward. 

Residence of Grand Chancellor — Georgia Avenue, bet. 3d 
and 4th Streets East. 

Residence of Grand Recording Scribe — 9 th Street East, one 
door below E Street South, Washington, D. C. 

ADDENDA. 

The original meeting, when the work of the Order of the 
Knights of Pythias was first read, took place at the house No. 
369 F Street, between 8th and 9th Streets, Washington, D. C. ; 
the following gentlemen being present (as the members of a 
musical association known as the " Arion Glee Club ") : Messrs. 
R. A. Champion, E. S. Kimball, D. L. Burnett, W. H. Burnett, 
Roberts, and Driver. Each of* these gentlemen were then and 
there duly obligated by Mr. Rathbone, and afterwards resolved 
themselves into individual committees to obtain the names of 
proper persons to form the first Lodge. This meeting took place 
Monday evening, February 15, 1864, and on the following Wed- 
nesday morning Mr. Rathbone informed Mr. J. T. K. Plant of 



58 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

the object of the meeting, and solicited him to join the Order. 
Mr. Rathbone had, however, read the Ritual to Mr. R. A. 
Champion, privately, at his own room, a few evenings previous 
to the above meeting. 

The Ritual was written by Mr. J. H. Rathbone, originally, in 
the town of Eagle Harbor, Houghton (now Keewenaw) County, 
Lake Superior, Michigan, in the winter of i860 and 1861. 



A Synopsis of the Origin and History of the Knights of 

Pythias. 

THIS young and growing Order originated in the city of 
Washington, D. C, upon the 19th day of February, 1864, 
the first Lodge of the Order being instituted at that date, at 
Temperance Hall, in that city; upon the 8th of April following 
a Grand Lodge for the District of Columbia was organized, and 
commenced the organization of Subordinate Lodges. Franklin 
Lodge, No. 2, was instituted under a charter from the Grand 
Lodge upon the 12th of April, 1864; upon the 19th of May, 
1864, Columbia Lodge, and upon the 2d day of June, in the 
same year, Potomac Lodge were organized. In the following 
year, upon February 1st, Alexandria Lodge was constituted at that 
city in the State of Virginia, and from that time up to the spring 
of 1866 but little progress or increase of the membership was 
had. Upon the 18th day of April, 1866, Mount Vernon Lodge, 
in the District of Columbia, was organized, and in May follow- 
ing, the ritual and work of the Order was revised, and the Order, 
so far as its work is concerned, placed substantially upon the 
basis that it occupies to-day. Upon July 30th of this year, a 
new lodge, to be known as Liberty Lodge, was instituted at the 
Navy- Yard. Upon the 23d day of February, 1867, Excelsior 
Lodge, No. 1, was properly instituted at the city of Philadelphia, 
in the State of Pennsylvania, and in July following Keystone 
Lodge was organized in the same city. These Lodges were the 




The Building where the first K. of P. Lodge was Instituted. February 19th, 1864. 



< 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 59 

cradle of the Order in the territory that to-day is the banner 
State of the Order, there being in the State of Pennsylvania at 
this time four hundred and thirty lodges, with a membership of 
over forty thousand members. In November of this year the 
Order was introduced into the State of Maryland by the organi- 
sation of Golden Lodge and Monumental Lodge, in the city of 
Baltimore. In the next month, December 12th, 1867, Lodges 
Nos. 1 and 2, the first at Mount Holly, the second at Camden, 
introduced the Order into the State of New Jersey. 

Early in the year 1868 the Order obtained a footing in the 
State of Delaware by the instituting of Lodges Nos. 1, 2, and 3. 
In April, 1868, the Order was introduced into the State of Loui- 
siana. On June 9th, 1868, a convention of delegates, appointed 
from the States in which the Order had obtained a lodgment, 
convened at the city of Washington, D. C, adopted a constitu- 
tion under and by which the Supreme Lodge of the World was 
organized, and established as the head of the Order, upon the 
nth day of August following. In May of this year Rathbone 
Lodge was duly organized in the city of New York, thus intro- 
ducing the fraternity to the Empire State. In a short time the 
Order made its advent into the golden State of California, next 
into the State of West Virginia, and upon the 3d of December 
it entered into the State of Nebraska. During the years 1867 
and 1868 lodges were instituted in the States of Massachusetts, 
' New Hampshire, Connecticut, and other New England States ; 
also in the States of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Iowa, and Ken- 
tucky, in all of which it has and holds a large and growing mem- 
bership ; also in the States of Missouri and Kansas ; and closely 
following upon this, the heyday and vigor of its youth, it has 
gone on from conquering to conquest until it has obtained a 
footing and a home in nearly all the States and Territories of the 
Union, passed into the British Provinces of North America, and 
has a name and a home in the Islands of the sea ; crossed the 
Atlantic Ocean and founded lodges in the kingdom of Great 
Britain. This is a hurried history of its rise, its youth, its young 
and vigorous manhood. To-day it has a membership of over 
one hundred thousand, and it can hardly be said to be of age, 



60 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

for this is but the XII. Pythian Period. Based upon the old 
story of Damon and Pythias, it seeks to inculcate the worth and 
beauty of such a friendship. Its cardinal principles are Friend- 
ship, Charity, and Benevolence ; its mottoes and teachings, Be 
generous, brave, and true. 



Objects and Aims of Knights of Pythias. 

ANYTHING that has for its object the advancement of hu- 
man happiness or human intellect ; anything that tends to 
the melioration of the condition of mankind, or to lessen 
the ills and miseries incident to human life ; anything that draws 
closer the ties of human sympathy, and strengthens the bonds of 
brotherhood between man and man, is not only worthy of appro- 
bation, but of the warmest support and admiration. That such 
are the objects of the Knights of Pythias, none who have taken 
the trouble to investigate its principles and operations will at- 
tempt to deny. When the Almighty Architect of the Universe 
spake, and this sphere which we inhabit burst into light and love- 
liness, every fundamental principle on which our Order is based 
was stamped with the signet of Omnipotence upon her young 
and unstained being there to remain in legible and enduring 
characters as constituent elements of her perpetuity and exist- 
ence. Friendship then wove her silken bonds ; Charity 
breathed forth her strains of mutual sympathy and confiding 
tenderness ; while Benevolence — above — around — beneath — 
shed forth her blaze of living light, as pure and unsullied as the 
rays that emanate from the throne of the eternal God. Upon 
these three pillars rests the structure of our Order — around them 
cluster our brightest hopes and fondest anticipations. Here the 
venerated patriarchs of our ancient and honorable institution, in 
by-gone days, have worshipped ; and with unstained hands have 
transmitted down through the lapse of time the sublime myste- 
ries, the sacred rights, the solemn and eternal truths unfolded to 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 6 1 

those who enter within the arena of our Temple, and bow as sin- 
cere supplicants to the inner veil of our altars. 

We shall prove that the Order of the Knights of Pythias is calcu- 
lated for the most extensive moral good. It is evident, that in 
order to collect an assemblage of persons, and continue and in- 
crease them as a body, there must be two powerful motives of 
action : first, curiosity to collect ; secondly, pleasure and some 
useful end in view to continue them. The singularity of the 
title of "Knights of Pythias," is better adapted to excite curi- 
osity than any other ; it fills the mind with a desire to know what 
is meant by it, and such desire is seldom appeased until the mys- 
tery is unravelled by becoming a brother — Friendship, Charity, 
and Benevolence, all combine to fill the mind of every new 
member with satisfaction and surprise, far exceeding his most 
sanguine expectations. 

Some Useful End in View to Continue Them. — The 
principles of the Knights of Pythias are those of humanity and 
religion : its object is to promote the general good of mankind, 
and spread abroad the lights of morality and knowledge ; it not 
only benefits the common cause of philanthropy, but insures to 
its members in the hour of adversity and tribulation, a source of 
safety and comfort that none, save the arm of Omnipotence, can 
destroy. 

A parent's affection may change ; the friendship of the world 
may turn to hatred, and even love may be transformed to loath- 
ing and disgust, but the ties that bind us together are never sun- 
dered ; our claims of brotherhood are only dissolved by death — 
no, not even death can rend them — they descend to the widow 
and orphan. The language of our Order is more potent than 
any strain of eloquence that ever fell upon the human ear. A 
stranger, penniless and friendless, in a foreign land, breathes its 
tones, and his necessities are relieved. Sickness comes and lays 
its paralyzing hand upon him, and though no friends or relatives 
are near, a brother of the " mystic tie " administers to his wants 
and soothes his distresses. The sick among our brethren are not 
left to the cold hand of public charity ; they are visited, and 
their wants provided for out of the funds they themselves have 
6 



62 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

contributed to raise, and which, in time of need, they honorably 
claim, without the humiliation of suing parochial or individual 
relief — from which the freeborn mind recoils with disdain, until 
overwhelmed in insufferable want and misery. We are obliged, 
if need be, to perform the last solemn offices to the remains of a 
departed brother, and see him consigned with respectful decency 
to the bosom of our mother earth. To the living, our fraternal 
solicitude is no less exercised. It is our enjoined duty to watch 
over the conduct of our brethren, even in their common inter- 
course with men, as well as one with another ; and to remon- 
strate with those who wander from the paths of rectitude, or 
trespass upon the rules of morality. In all ages and in all coun- 
tries, our Order has stood forth the champion of liberty and 
religion ; wherever she has erected an altar for her worshippers, 
she has also dedicated a temple to science and refinement. It is 
not necessary to go back and trace the progress of our Order 
from its establishment down to the present period, or point out 
in detail its deeds and history. Suffice it to say, that thousands 
of years ago, the Egyptian astrologer found in our temples the 
secrets of astronomy ; and the Chaldean shepherd, in his mid- 
night watch, as he gazed upward to the starry heavens, drew 
from our oracles the sublime truth, that there were worlds un- 
known, incalculable and immense, and that over all presided an 
unknown and mysterious, yet Omnipotent power. Since that 
time, during succeeding centuries, we behold an Eastern Magi 
— the devout Jew — the intellectual and versatile Greek — the 
proud and haughty Roman — bending at its shrine and burning 
incense upon its altar. Emerging from the gloom of the Middle 
Ages, we see in it the animating spirit in the revolution that suc- 
ceeded, and rolling onward with the tides of science and civili- 
zation — from nation to nation, from country to country — it has 
crossed the Atlantic, and found on freedom's soil a fostering hand 
and genial clime. True it is, that storms have howled around ; 
and at times we behold it glimmering like the pale of morn, 
"between light and darkness on the horizon's verge; " yet the 
storm has passed away, and again it has burst forth in renewed 
strength and beauty. Protected by the shield of Omnipotence, 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 63 

it has set at defiance the power of despotism, the machinations 
of bigotry, and the wily intrigues of the fawning hypocrite. 

It has been said that ours is a secret Order, and that secrecy 
is disconsonant with innocence. True it is that we are in part 
a secret society — but is secrecy a crime? The world itself, 
the universe, the God of eternal truth, are surrounded with an 
impenetrable veil that no mortal eye ever pierced ; and shall it 
be denied that these exist because their arcana are not revealed 
at our bidding? Shall we pronounce them evil because their 
operations are hidden from our view, and above all, our com- 
prehension? Again, who can define the mind? who unfold its 
constituent elements and hidden springs? The earthquake — 
at whose shock nations tremble, and countries become desolate 
— has been accounted for, and its most secret particles revealed 
and analyzed. The lightning, that plays in bright yet fearful 
beauty amid the storm, has been traced home to the bosom of 
the cloud which it left, and its minutest principles investigated 
and developed ; but who has traced to its home the lightning of 
the mind ? Who analyzed those mental earthquakes that have 
shaken the moral world to its very centre, and diffused light and 
knowledge amid the abodes of ignorance and superstition ? And 
shall the emanation of genius, the music of the poet's lyre, the 
conceptions of the gifted intellect, the tones of spirit-stirring 
eloquence, be rejected because the sources from whence they 
emanated are hidden from our view, and beyond the reach of 
our intellect ? So far from secrecy being an objection to our 
Order, we claim it as a recommendation. It is the mystic tie 
that binds us together in indissoluble brotherhood ; prompting 
us to deeds of virtue and benevolence ; it comes and entwines 
itself around our fraternity, like the refreshing, yet invisible 
breeze, that at summer noontide fans our forehead, invigorating 
the system with its coolness, and gladdening our hearts with its 
freshness and purity. In this respect we have the sanction of 
ages. We challenge any one to point out a single nation or people, 
whose career is sketched on the page of history, among whom 
there did not exist secret institutions. To go further, there is 
not an enlightened government now existing on the globe, 



64 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS, ETC. 

that does not permit the legislative councils to resolve them- 
selves into- a secret conclave. Even in our own country, under 
our own Constitution, Congress can close its doors, and sit for 
days — for weeks — for months — concocting measures of vital 
importance to forty millions of freemen, and should any mem- 
ber of that body dare to reveal its operations, he would subject 
himself to the severest censure, if not expulsion. 

To be initiated as a member of our Order is not, as many sup- 
pose, ?■' to take a leap in the dark." The fundamental principles 
of the Order are before the world; its deeds are not concealed 
from public scrutiny; while the Constitution and Laws of 
our society are within the reach of all who wish to examine 
them. But there are mysteries within the inner veil of our 
altars, that none except the members of the fraternity are per- 
mitted to behold. Solemn and sublime truths are here incul- 
cated that have never reached the ear of any, save those who 
have proved themselves worthy of the sacred trust. They have 
remained there for ages, hallowed archives in the sanctuary of 
our temple — and have never crossed its portals ; and there we 
hope they will ever remain, unsullied, inviolate, and untarnished. 

Our Order is the handmaid of virtue and religion, and it must 
flourish ; it calls into life and action the best and holiest feelings 
of our nature, and success must crown our efforts. Poets have 
bound their brows with wreaths of immortality; orators have 
reared eternal monuments to their names ; conquerors have had 
their trophies, but the pathway to glory of these is often watered 
by the despairing tears of the widow and orphan, whilst the tro- 
phies which lay at the feet of our altars, are the result of the 
principles of " good-will toward men," and the proud achieve- 
ments of lives spent in the cause of benevolence and virtue, 
unsullied by crime and unstained by a tear, unless it be a tear 
of gratitude and joy. Our course is onward, and we may look 
forward with confidence to a day, not far distant, when our 
society shall find an abiding place in every village and hamlet 
of our land, and the smoke of our altars shall go up from a 
thousand hills. 







FRIENDSHIP. 



MANUAL OF THE K. OF P., 

WITH ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE 

JEWELS, REGALIA, ETC., USED BY THE ORDER. 



The First or Initiatory Rank of Page. 

MANKIND in nearly every undertaking is in the dark at 
the commencement, and dependent upon the wisdom and 
leadership of others. So it is with you before you have 
been initiated into our mysteries. As you believe in a Supreme 
Being, and are of sound health, and have announced your desire 
to be admitted within the portals of our Order, it will be well for 
you to stop and consider the weighty duties that will devolve 
upon you after you have become a member. Be sure that no 
mere idle curiosity or selfish desire to obtain the benefits of the 
Order is leading you to take this step. Remember that when 
you have once taken upon yourself the solemn and binding obli- 
gations, you cannot recede from their demands. There is yet 
time for you to halt should you hesitate in your purpose. 

If it is your desire to proceed, start with every determination 
to be obedient to the requirements of the Order, keeping in view 
the fact that purity of heart and rectitude of conduct are essen- 
tial to admission into the First or Initiatory Rank of Page. 
It is necessary that you should be in the right possession of your 
mental faculties, so that you may be able to comprehend the 
lessons as the increasing light dawns upon your mind. You are 
in the presence of true and tried brethren, who are ready and 
willing to impart to you a portion of their secrets ; be just to 
6* E 65 



66 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

them and to yourself, and exercise due care, lest you impart to 
the unworthy that which belongs to the Order. You may be 
called upon to relieve brothers when they are in distress ; when 
you see that one is in danger, it will be your duty to warn and 
do all in your power to aid and succor him ; to obey the laws 
of the Order as laid down in the Constitution and By-laws, and 
to the best of your ability live up to all the requirements of the 
Order. But we feel that you will prove true to your promises, 
and will prove a faithful friend in time of need, a good compan- 
ion, and an exemplary Page ; and that your life will always con- 
form to your motto of Friendship. 

But you must press on to a further knowledge of our mysteries ; 
and as Friendship is your motto, practise universal fraternity and 
benevolence to your brothers of the chivalric Order and all wor- 
thy people, no matter where they may live or what may be their 
station in life. Let those virtues expand in your mind until they 
are as broad as the blue canopy of heaven, as obligatory upon 
you as your word of honor, and as spotless as was that of Damon 
and Pythias. But give heed to the lessons that are being im- 
parted, as it will be necessary for you to become proficient in all 
that pertains to this degree, so that you may be able to make 
yourself known to brethren of this Rank. 

From the earliest days of antiquity, friendship has been the 
corner-stone of secret societies. Men have banded themselves 
together in every age for the purpose of practically testing this 
great principle, until at the present time fraternal societies are 
established over the entire earth. One of the most notable ex- 
amples of pure friendship was that of our ancient prototype and 
honored patron, Pythias. Without being solicited on the part 
of Damon, he gave himself up as a hostage for his friend, and 
submitted to imprisonment, so that Damon might hasten to his 
home, which was miles away, to arrange his affairs and bid a 
last, long farewell to his family, ere he was executed by the order 
of Dionysius. Damon pushed forward to his home, and after 
performing his task was on the point of returning, when he dis- 
covered that his slave had slain his horse. This, with other 
adverse circumstances, prevented his arriving as soon as expected. 




eatd ffeneiml emd authentic PATE N 'XoftJieOitJeijbearina'rJsunjmidseal 
to Grand and Subordinate Lodges of this chivalric Order, 
to evidence over aptoper official seal that our 



VKZ^. 




- "page rank .-- .- 

^ a i r3 nMf'W' -. 



3CU " L rhird° rC 

and charged in tte' n 



dnvofl AD. A? . PJ> 

LODGE No._ 



lnJes\hnom'\\^ereof,uv//are(nusedto^(d/lredt//eo/^cia/s^nat/^/r<s 
ofuhefjroperafficers.attesfedfo'thesealoftiielsx/ae. 




CHARITY. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 6j 

Pythias did not murmur, nay, he rejoiced that his friend had been 
belated. The time arrived, and just as Pythias was to be offered 
up for his friend, Damon arrived. Dionysius was struck with 
amazement at such a faithful exhibition of friend- 
ship, and revoked the sentence of death. May 
the teachings of that day remain green in our 
memories, and let us emulate their example in 
our every-day walk, and in our intercourse with 
our fellow-men, so that when we are called upon 
by the grim monster, Death, to accompany him 
through the dark valley, we can do so, conscious 
that we bear no ill will toward any, and those 
we leave behind will bless our memory. 
Regalia. — You are now entitled to wear a blue collar. 




The Second or Armorial Rank of Esquire. 

HAVING served a proper time as a Page, and by your strict 
fidelity to the principles of the Order gained a reputation 
among the members of this chivalric Order and your fel- 
low-men, that will commend you as a proper person to receive 
the Rank of Esquire, we see no reason why you should not pro- 
ceed in your worthy endeavor to be admitted into full fellowship 
with the Esquires, especially should no legal objection be urged. 
As you are an aspirant, you should impress upon your mind the 
necessity for exercising the greatest circumspection, so that you 
may keep inviolate all that is intrusted to your care ; to be al- 
ways ready to warn an Esquire of approaching danger, and to 
render unto him and his family all the aid in your power in the 
hour of their distress. Having fully impressed this upon your 
mind, you should so regulate your life that those beholding your 
acts may say that you are "truly an Esquire indeed." The 
Esquire in the days of chivalry was the shield-bearer or armor- 
bearer to the Knight. He was a candidate for the honor of 
Knighthood, and stood in the same relation to the Knight as the 



68 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

Page did to the Esquire. The Esquire was a gentleman, and 
had the right of bearing arms on his own shield or escutcheon. 
You have been promoted from the rank of Page to that of Es- 
quire, and it will now be necessary for you to keep your honor, 
which is your shield, so bright that he who would reflect aught 
against the purity of your intentions or actions will be blinded 
by the dazzling reflection of your injured honor. 

It is well for mankind in general to be cautious and circum- 
spect in all their dealings, and especially now is it your duty to 
be so. You should be watchful over your actions, lest in an un- 
guarded moment you do that which you would forever regret ; 
exercise discretion, not only in your conversation in the Lodge, 
but in your every-day life ; be careful in the transaction of your 
business, that you may do justice to your employers, customers, 
and yourself; but with all your business be not forgetful to exer- 
cise a watchful care over the interests of your family, that they 
may not be deprived of the necessaries of life, and permit them 
to enjoy such other blessings as are within your 
power to bestow. While you exercise due cau- 
tion and circumspection, be careful that you do 
not prove uncharitable toward the frailties and 
shortcomings of your fellow-men, remembering 
that he who does not show charity toward 
others should not expect it in return. But we 
have no fear but what the lessons that you have 
received will remain indelibly fixed in your 
mind, and that you will exemplify them in your 
every-day life. 

Regalia. — You are now privileged to wear a yellow collar. 




The Third or Chivalric Rank of Knight. 

YOU have been initiated into the Rank of Page, proved in the 
Rank of Esquire, and are now ready to demand admittance 
into the Third or Chivalric Rank of Knight, provided you 
pass a favorable ballot and have the requisite moral courage to 




BENEVOLENCE. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 6g 

persevere. You have already learned the necessity of practising 
Friendship and Charity toward your fellow-men, obedience to 
those in authority, while you are to be always on your guard lest 
you do that which you will regret. You may be required to put 
those virtues to a practical test, and it will be well, before you 
advance further, to consider whether you possess the requisite 
courage to meet and overcome any obstacle that may be in your 
path ; to prove that you possess such a friendship as was exhibited 
by Pythias toward Damon, or the caution displayed by the slave 
of Damon in killing his master's horse. Ponder the subject well 
before you enter into that which you think you cannot fulfil, but 
bear in mind that he who practises the lessons that are taught in 
the preceding degrees, and yields implicit obedience to their 
mandates, will emerge unscathed and be victorious in the end. 

As you have duly weighed the consequences, and still persist 
in your demand to be admitted to the Rank of Knight, pay par- 
ticular attention to all that is said and done, and your mind 
will become enlightened as you advance in its mysteries. The 
lessons of caution that you have learned in the preceding de- 
grees will prevent you from making any unlawful discoveries to 
the uninformed. 

There are times in every man's life when it is necessary for 
him to have full control of all his faculties ; when it is essential 
for him to exercise prudence, caution, and courage. There are 
some who would place obstacles in the way of our advancement, 
or impose tasks for us to perform that it would be impossible for 
us to overcome, or almost certain death for us to attempt. There 
are others, who, from an inborn friendship, are willing to bear 
the burdens and lessen the trials and hardships of their fellow- 
men, even though they be strangers. But life at its best is no 
easy task. Trials and temptations beset us on every hand. The 
king of the powers of darkness is ever on the alert to lead man- 
kind into trouble. All along our pathway are deadly foes, who 
are ready, without a moment's notice or warning of their inten- 
tions, to sting us with their envenomed fangs. The remains of 
our fellows who have fallen by the wayside, surround us on all 
sides in our journey through the wilderness of life ; and human 



•JO THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

hyenas are lurking in the pathway of others, anxiously awaiting 
their fall that they may strip them of their possessions. But he 
that is possessed of true bravery and fixed determination of pur- 
pose, is respected and honored by even those who would rejoice 
in his downfall. Keep your eye always fixed on the symbol of 
the Cross, for before it the great arch-enemy of mankind bows 
in mute despair. 

Many of the seeming obstacles of this life that loom up moun- 
tain high before our imagination, prove to be mere mole-hills 
when we attempt to overcome them. We are surrounded by 
seeming dangers, that only need prudence and courage to over- 
come. They are placed here to test our faith, and if we are 
obedient to the mandate of a higher power, and attack them 
bravely, they will vanish like shadows before our sight. 

Having been obedient, and courageously overcome every ob- 
stacle, you are now entitled to our cordial greeting ; you have 
now attained the highest rank that can be bestowed on you in 
the Lodge, and have shown by your example that you are willing 
to obey all lawful mandates, and that you are possessed of both 
moral and physical courage. You are now expected to be bold 
and courageous in defending the rights of a brother ; upholding 
the authority and good name of the Order ; and in practising the 
principles of Friendship, Charity, and Benevolence. He " is 
only truly brave who fears nothing so much as doing a shameful 
action, and dares resolutely and undauntedly go where his duty, 
no matter how dangerous, may call him." What if the unini- 
tiated and skeptical should deride you, stand by your principles 
and your Order ; by so doing you will let the world know that 
any missile hurled at them is the same as being hurled at your- 
self. You thus not only uphold the principles of our beloved 
Order, but you cement yourself in closer bonds of union with 
the Brotherhood. 

We have no fear but what, with the lesson of true courage, as 
taught by Pythias, impressed upon your mind, you will ever be 
ready to extend the strong arm of friendship toward your breth- 
ren, and uphold the truly courageous. 

Regalia. — The regalia of this degree is red. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 



71 



Jewel. — A solid three-inch triangle of white metal, with oval 
escutcheon resting thereon ; the oval escutcheon to be of yellow 
metal, or enamelled in proper emble- 
matic colors. The letters F. C. B. to 
be struck in corners of triangle, or if 
fastened on to be of yellow metal. On 
the back of the triangle is an impress 
denoting its official issuance; also a 
place for the name, number, and loca- 
tion of Lodge to be engraved. The 
holder of the shield is to be of yellow 
metal, with pin or lock for fastening, 
and shield on front for engraving name 
thereon. The jewel is to be worn on 
the left breast (with coat buttoned) in 
sight, or on left side of coat lappel if 
the coat is unbuttoned, but always to be in plain sight. They 
can be worn in Lodge without other working regalia, if the 
Brother is in uniform ; or at any celebration or parade when in 
uniform. If not in uniform, their use is prohibited in any way, 
shape, manner, or form. 




CONSTITUTION AND BY-LAWS 

OF THE 

SUPREME LODGE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

OF THE WORLD. 

Adopted at the Session held at Pittsburg, Pa., Session of 1874. Pythian 
Period XI. 



CONSTITUTION. 



ARTICLE I. 

SUPREME LODGE. — POWERS. 

Section i. The Supreme Lodge is the source of all true and 
legitimate authority in the Order of Knights of Pythias where- 
soever established ; it possesses original and exclusive jurisdiction 
and power — 

1. To establish, regulate and control the Forms, Ceremonies, 
written and unwritten Work, and to change, alter and annul 
the same, and to provide for the safe-keeping and uniform teach- 
ing and dissemination of the same. 

2. To provide, print, and furnish all Rituals, Forms, Ceremo- 
nies, Cards and Odes, Charts and Certificates. 

3. To prescribe the form, material, and color of all Regalia, 
Emblems, Jewels, and Charts, and to designate the uniform of 
the Order. 

4. To provide for the emanation and distribution of all pass- 

72 




cend general and (ad. 

to Grand and Suhoijffi 

to evidence ova 



Orderbcaringritv imprint seal 

this chivalric Order, 

seal that our 



^S£&SMIS3MS WMSMSMMM. 



*Jk- 









***£ >e)~JkW*? 






tindchstrgedwfte 



and enrolled as a member on tfie . 
of- 



day of— 



2) 



A.Dl8__Pfi 



LODGE No 



and tfiereafher admitted and instructed as of die hiah, honorable and past official rank of 
and his name blazoned as such on die* ^ 



InTestimony whereof,™? have caused tobeafhxed die offia'al signatures 





ccrtd general and cacti 

to Grand and Subtf 

to evidence or 



Trder bearing its hnpriid seal 

s chivalric' Order. 
seal that oar 



WIMMMEMS IS 



WSSMSL 



^C and charged m®*""^ i_--°.' - c0 



ow<3? en rotted as a member on the . 
of 



-d&> v//l ^.Z? 18_BJ>_ 

LODGE No 



and thereafter admitted and instructed an at' die high, honorable and past official rank of 

and Ins name blazoned as such on die ^Sf^^^ss^4S^sj<k%Si Gtavu&AMs* o/#$c 

Grand Jurisdiction of asakoappcarutabypropiTa-cnnlof 

Jolting been in regular firm admitted, iastmcted,and invested, with the ivorkaiid prerogatives 
of the Supreme rank of 
3»ASX <UI£&]?ra> CXHATTCEIJLiOIl 
tytheSiqjreme Lodge of the World . 
InTesthnonywhereof, we haiv caused tobeaffix 




COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 73 

words, and regulate the mode and manner of using the same, and 
generally to prescribe such regulations as may be necessary to 
secure the safe and easy intercourse and identification of the 
brethren. 

5. To establish the Order in States, Districts, Territories, 
Provinces or countries where the same has not been engrafted. 

6. To provide a revenue for the Supreme Lodge by means of 
a representative tax on each Grand Lodge and charges for sup- 
plies furnished by it, and dues from Subordinate Lodges under 
its immediate jurisdiction. 

7. To provide for annual returns from each Grand Lodge, and 
for semi-annual returns from each Subordinate Lodge under its 
immediate jurisdiction. 

8. To hear and determine all appeals from Grand and Subor- 
dinate Lodges, when the same are properly brought before it in 
accordance with the regulations of the Order, and to provide by 
legislation for the enforcement of its decisions. 

9. To. enact laws and regulations of general application to 
carry into effect the foregoing and all other powers reserved by 
this Constitution to the Supreme Lodge or its officers, and such 
as may be necessary to enforce its legitimate authority over Grand 
and Subordinate Lodges under its immediate jurisdiction. 

10. To charter Grand Lodges and to define the territorial 
extent of their jurisdiction, and to charter Subordinate Lodges 
not within the territorial jurisdiction of any Grand Lodge, and 
to provide a Constitution for each Subordinate Lodge under its 
immediate jurisdiction. 

ARTICLE II. 

HOW CONSTITUTED. 

Section i. The Supreme Lodge shall consist of: 

1. All Past Supreme Chancellors. 

2. Past Supreme Chancellor. 

3. Supreme Chancellor (presiding officer). 

4. Supreme Vice Chancellor. 
7 



74 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

5. Supreme Prelate. 

6. Supreme Master of Exchequer. 

7. Supreme Keeper of Records and Seal. 

8. Supreme Master at Arms. 

9. Supreme Inner Guard. 

10. Supreme Outer Guard. 

11. Two Supreme Representatives from each Grand Lodge 
under the jurisdiction of the Supreme Lodge, until there are 
20,000 members belonging to one Grand Lodge ; and one Su- 
preme Representative for each additional 10,000 members ; Pro- 
vided, That no Grand Lodge shall be entitled to more than four 
Supreme Representatives. 

Sec. 2. Supreme Representatives must be Past Grand Chan- 
cellors in good standing in their respective Grand and Subordi- 
nate Lodges, and shall be elected as follows : At the next annual 
election after the adoption of this Constitution, and annually 
thereafter, each Grand Jurisdiction shall elect in the mode pro- 
vided for electing Grand Lodge Officers in the Constitution of 
the respective Grand Lodges, one Supreme Representative to 
serve for two years ; Provided, That each Supreme Representa- 
tive now admitted shall continue in office to the expiration of 
his present term. In the case of the vacancy in the office of Su- 
preme Representative, from death, removal, or any other cause, 
the Grand Lodge which he represented shall determine how 
such vacancy shall be filled. At the organization of any new 
Grand Lodge two Supreme Representatives shall be elected, one 
to serve for one year and one to serve for two years. And, pro- 
vided further, Where any Grand Jurisdiction is entitled, under 
the provisions of this Constitution, to more than two Supreme 
Representatives, the additional Representative or Representa- 
tives shall be elected bi-annually, in conformity to this Consti- 
tution, and in such a manner that if there are four Representa- 
tives the terms of two thereof shall expire each alternate year. 

Each Officer and Supreme Representative shall be entitled to 
one vote in determining any question before the Supreme Lodge, 
and each Past Supreme Chancellor shall be entitled to discuss 
any question, but not to vote. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. ?$ 

Sec. 3. All Past Grand Chancellors duly recognized by the 
Supreme Lodge, shall be admitted to its sessions and be entitled 
to seats therein, but shall not be entitled to speak unless by per- 
mission of the Supreme Lodge, and shall not be entitled to vote. 

Sec. 4. No one shall be eligible to any office in the Supreme 
Lodge unless he has been duly admitted to the Supreme Lodge 
by being either a Representative or a Past Grand Chancellor. 

ARTICLE III. 

DUTIES OF OFFICERS. 

Section i. The Past Supreme Chancellor shall have charge 
of and supervise the arrangement of the altar or any other neces- 
sary floor work. 

Sec. 2. The Supreme Chancellor shall exercise, as occasion 
may require, all the rights appertaining to his high office, in ac- 
cordance with the usages of the Order. He shall have a watch- 
ful supervision over all Lodges, Grand and Subordinate, and see 
that all the constitutional enactments, rules, and edicts of the 
Supreme Lodge are duly and promptly observed, and that 
the dress, work, and discipline of the Order everywhere are 
uniform. 

Among his special prerogatives are the following : 

To call Special Sessions of the Supreme Lodge, or Conven- 
tions of Supreme Officers in Council. 

To visit any Grand or Subordinate Lodge under the imme- 
diate jurisdiction of this Supreme Lodge, and to give such in- 
structions and directions as the good of the Order may require, 
always adhering to the obligatory usages of the Order. To cause 
to be executed and securely to preserve and keep the official 
bonds and securities of the Supreme Master of Exchequer and 
Supreme Keeper of Records and Seal. 

To grant Warrants of Dispensation during the recess of the 
Supreme Lodge, for the institution of new Subordinate Lodges, 
which Dispensations to be in force until taken up by Charters 
granted in lieu thereof by a properly instituted Grand Lodge, 



76 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

s 

and to promptly notify the Supreme Keeper of Records and Seal 
of the issuing of said Warrants of Dispensation. 

To grant Warrants of Dispensation, during the recess of the 
Supreme Lodge, for the institution of Grand Lodges in States, 
Countries, Districts, or Territories where the same have not been 
established. 

To manage the contingent fund of the Supreme Lodge, and 
suspend or remove any derelict or contumacious officer for cause, 
he having right of appeal to the Supreme Lodge, and to fill any 
vacancy by appointment until filled by regular election. 

To appoint and commission a Deputy Supreme Chancellor for 
special purposes of instituting Grand Lodges and installing their 
officers, or otherwise, as may be required, in all States, Districts, 
Territories, or Countries where Lodges are established, and not 
having any Grand Lodge. He shall, at the next regular session, 
present a full report of his acts during the recess of the Supreme 
Lodge. He may hear and decide such questions of law as may 
be submitted to him by Grand and Subordinate Lodges, under 
the immediate jurisdiction of this Supreme Lodge, and all such 
decisions shall be binding upon the bodies submitting the same, 
until fully passed upon and disaffirmed or reversed by this Su- 
preme Lodge. 

Sec. 3. The Supreme Vice Chancellor, in the event of the 
death, removal, or physical incompetency of his superior, shall 
act as Supreme Chancellor ; at all other times he shall perform 
such duties as may be assigned him by the Supreme Lodge or 
the Supreme Chancellor. 

Sec. 4. The Supreme Prelate shall open and close the Supreme 
Lodge with prayer, and perform all obligatory ceremonials as pre- 
scribed in the Ritual or usages of the Order, and such other duties 
as comport with his office. 

Sec. 5. The Supreme Master of Exchequer shall render to the 
Supreme Chancellor a quarterly statement of the condition of 
funds in his hands, and make to the Supreme Lodge, at its reg- 
ular sessions, a true and perfect account of his doings, together 
with an account of all moneys received and disbursed, giving 
items in detail — the earnings thereon accrued from interest or 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. JJ 

other investments ; to pay all orders drawn on him by the Su- 
preme Chancellor, properly attested by the Supreme Keeper of 
Records and Seal. For the faithful performance of his duties, 
he shall give bond, to be executed and approved before his in- 
stallation, in the sum of ten thousand dollars, with unexception- 
able securities, or otherwise the office to be declared vacant, and 
filled by election. 

Sec. 6. The Supreme Keeper of Records and Seal shall keep 
a just and true record of all the proceedings of the Supreme 
Council and Lodge at each session, and transmit annually to 
each Grand Lodge as many copies thereof as the Lodge has Past 
Grand Chancellors and officers, and one copy for each Subordi- 
nate Lodge in their several jurisdictions, and one to each Lodge 
under the immediate jurisdiction of the Supreme Lodge. He 
shall collect all the revenues of the Supreme Lodge, *and pay 
over the amount to the Supreme Master of Exchequer when- 
ever it reaches the sum of $100. He shall preserve the archives, 
have charge of the seal, books, papers, and other properties of the 
Supreme Lodge, and deliver the same to his successor when re- 
quired so to do by the Supreme Lodge. He shall prepare all 
Charters for Grand Lodges ; notify officially all Grand Lodges 
and officers and members of the Supreme Lodge of all sessions 
of the Supreme Lodge ; carry on the necessary correspondence 
of the Lodge ; keep a register which shall contain a list of all 
Dispensations and Charters granted to Grand, or Warrants of 
Dispensation issued by the Supreme Chancellor for Subordinate 
Lodges, and a record of all Past Grand Chancellors and Repre- 
sentatives entitled to seats in the Supreme Lodge. He shall at- 
test all necessary official papers and documents ; perform such 
other duties as are required by the laws and regulations of the 
Order, and as the Supreme Chancellor or Supreme Lodge may 
from time to time direct. He shall be furnished with an office, 
and shall have regular office hours, and give notice to all Grand 
Lodges of the time at which he will so attend, and at each ses- 
sion present a report of the general condition of the Order to 
the Supreme Lodge. He shall have power to provide himself, 
at the expense of the Supreme Lodge, with such books, papers, 
7* 



?8 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

and stationery as are necessary for the fulfilment of his duties, 
and keep in his office a copy of the seal of each Grand and Sub- 
ordinate Lodge. He shall submit a quarterly trial balance to 
the Supreme Chancellor for examination, as also render to each 
regular session of the Supreme Lodge, full and exhaustive copies 
of his accounts with the Grand and Subordinate Lodges, etc., of 
and during the whole term of recess passed. He shall receive 
for his services the sum of seven hundred and fifty dollars per 
annum, payable quarterly. For the faithful performance of his 
duties he shall give bond, to be executed and approved before 
his installation, in the sum of ten thousand dollars, with unex- 
ceptionable securities, or otherwise the office to be declared 
vacant, and filled by election. 

Sec. 7. The duties of the Supreme Master-at-Arms, Inner and 
Outer Guards, are such as are traditionally appropriate to their 
respective stations, or such as may be assigned them by the Su- 
preme Lodge. 

Sec. 8. All Deputy Supreme Chancellors (of jurisdictions in 
which there are no Grand Lodges) shall install the officers of all 
Subordinate Lodges within their jurisdictions, or cause the same 
to be done, and perform such other duties as the Supreme Chan- 
cellor may direct. 

ARTICLE IV. 

SESSIONS. 

Sessions of the Supreme Lodge shall be held annually, at such 
time in the months of April, May, June, July, or August as the 
Supreme Lodge may at each annual session determine ; Pro- 
vided, That if the Supreme Lodge neglects to fix any special 
time, it shall convene on the third Tuesday of April. 

The place for the holding of each annual session shall be 
fixed at the preceding annual session; Provided, That if no 
place is fixed by the Supreme Lodge, the annual session shall 
be held in the city of Baltimore. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT- BOOK. 79 

ARTICLE V. 

COMMITTEES. 

Section i. The following Committees shall be appointed an- 
nually by the Supreme Chancellor : 

Committee on Laws and Supervision. 

Committee on Finance. 

Committee on Appeals and Grievances. 

Committee on Credentials and Returns. 

Committee on Mileage. 

Committee on State of the Order. 

Committee on Written Work. 

Committee on Unwritten Work. 

Committee on Printing. 

Committee on Dispensations and Charters. 

Sec. 2. The Committee on Laws and Supervision shall, when 
such subjects are presented to the Supreme Lodge and duly 
referred to them, inquire into all cases of infraction of the estab- 
lished laws and regulations of the Order, and recommend such 
measures as they may deem expedient for correcting the innova- 
tion, and further consider and have charge of all matters coming 
within the purview of that committee. 

Sec. 3. The Committee on Finance shall examine the accounts 
of the Supreme Master of Exchequer and Supreme Keeper of 
Records and Seal, at each session, and whenever required so to 
do by the Supreme Lodge. They shall examine and pass upon all 
bills presented to the Supreme Lodge when in session, and, if 
correct, report, if approving the same, for economy or creating 
a remedy by legislation for all extravagant expenditures. They 
shall make estimates for and recommend appropriations of moneys 
for general or specific purposes during recess of the Supreme 
Lodge, and bring down an approximate estimate, based on past 
results, of the probable revenue likely to accrue ; and no expen- 
ditures of any character shall be made in excess of the appropria- 
tions then made until the next regular session. 



80 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

Sec. 4. The Committee on Appeals and Grievances shall hear 
all appeals and grievances from Grand Lodges or members of 
Lodges referred to them by the Supreme Lodge, or Supreme 
Chancellor, and report thereon with the utmost dispatch. 

Sec. 5. The Committee on Credentials and Returns shall ex- 
amine and report on the returns of the Grand Lodges and 
Subordinate under the immediate jurisdiction of the Supreme 
Lodge, and the Credentials of all Past Grand Chancellors and 
Representatives to the Supreme Lodge. 

Sec. 6. The Committee on Mileage shall compute the mileage 
and per diem of all Supreme Officers and Representatives, at each 
regular or special called session, making out a proper, complete, 
and accurate roll of the same, and report the amount to which 
each one on the roll is entitled ; and no order shall be drawn for 
the same until said report is indorsed by a majority of the Com- 
mittee. 

Sec. 7. The Committee on State of the Order shall examine 
and report upon such portions of reports of the Supreme Officers 
and D. S. C.'s, so far as the same relate to the state of the 
Order, and upon such other matters as may be referred to them, 
presenting in their reports an exhibit of the condition and pro- 
gress of the Order, and recommending such measures for the 
good and prosperity of the whole Order as they may think the 
circumstances require. 

Sec. 8. The Committee on Written Work shall examine and 
report upon such parts of reports of the Supreme Officers or other 
matters referred to them pertaining to all Written Work of the 
Order of a public nature, covering Regalias, Jewels, Charts, 
Certificates, Shields, Uniforms, Equipments or Public Ceremo- 
nials, Forms for and details of matters not properly of a secret 
nature. 

Sec. 9. The Committee on Unwritten Work shall examine 
and report upon such reports of the Supreme Officers or other 
matters referred to them of a nature that may be strictly private, 
or in consonance and keeping with the duties of the name of the 
committee. 

Sec. 10. The Committee on Printing shall have general supers 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 8 1 

visory charge of and examine into all matters referred to or com- 
ing within the purview of their duties as suggested by their name ; 
make all contracts not otherwise provided for, compare mate- 
rials, qualities, and prices, analyze all bills submitted for printing, 
binding, and supplies, establish a standard style, quality, and 
grade of same, and report their findings and recommendations 
to the Supreme Lodge. 

Sec. ii. The Committee on Dispensations and Charters shall 
examine into all proper matters referred to them from the Su- 
preme Officers' reports ; they shall examine and report on all 
petitions for Warrants of Dispensation issued by the Supreme 
Chancellor for Subordinate or Grand Lodges, or applications for 
Charters for the same, approving or disapproving of the issuing 
of the same, and other general Dispensations, or D. S. C.'s 
Commissions issued during recess of the Supreme Lodge. 

Sec. 12. Each of the above-named Committees shall consist 
of three members, and when serving on actual work during a 
recess, by order of the Supreme Lodge or of the Supreme Chan- 
cellor, shall have their necessary expenses paid. 

ARTICLE VI. 

MODE OF FORMING A GRAND LODGE. 

: Section i. All Subordinate Lodges in jurisdictions where no 
Grand Lodge exists, shall be under the immediate control of 
this Supreme Lodge until the formation of a Grand Lodge for 
that jurisdiction, and shall pay to the Supreme Lodge, while 
under its control, fifty cents per capita tax on each member 
annually. 

Sec. 2. When there are five or more Subordinate Lodges es- 
tablished and in working order in any jurisdiction, they, through 
the Deputy Supreme Chancellor thereof, may petition the Su- 
preme Chancellor, who shall cause the Supreme Keeper of 
Records and Seal to notify each of the Lodges of that jurisdic- 
tion to elect two Representatives for the unexpired balance of 
the year, up to the 31st day of December following, on the first 

F 



82 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

meeting night of the Lodge after the receipt of the communi- 
cation. 

Sec. 3. The Past Chancellors of the five or more Lodges, 
together with the Representatives elect, shall meet at such place 
as may be specified by the Supreme Chancellor, and proceed to 
organize a Grand Lodge by electing a Past Grand Chancellor, 
Grand Chancellor, Grand Vice Chancellor, Grand Prelate, 
Grand Master of Exchequer, Grand Keeper of Records and Seal, 
Grand Master at Arms, Grand Inner Guard, Grand Outer Guard, 
all of whom must be Past Chancellors. 

Sec. 4. The Grand Lodge, as soon as organized, shall elect 
two Representatives to the Supreme Lodge, as prescribed in Sec- 
tion 2, Art. II. of the Constitution, and the said Representatives 
are hereby declared Past Grand Chancellors. 

Sec. 5. A notice of their organization, together with a list of 
their officers, shall be forwarded to the Supreme K. of R. and S. , 
through the Supreme Chancellor, and the latter officer shall in- 
stall, or cause to be installed, by a Deputy Supreme Chancellor, 
the officers-elect of said Grand Lodge ; after which it shall pro- 
ceed to frame a Constitution and By-Laws for its own govern- 
ment, not inconsistent with the laws promulgated by this body. 

ARTICLE VII. 

OF GRAND LODGE. 

Section i. Grand Lodges exist by virtue of a Charter or Dis- 
pensation issued by authority of the Supreme Lodge, or Supreme 
Chancellor during its recess. They shall conform to the Ritual, 
Forms, Ceremonies, Work, Regalia, Jewels, Uniform, Charts, 
Shields, and Certificates, and regulations prescribed by the Su- 
preme Lodge, in accordance with this Constitution, and shall 
(subject to the provisions hereof and right of appeal) have ex- 
clusive original jurisdiction over all Subordinate Lodges within 
their territorial limit, and over the members attached to the 
same. 

Sec. 2. All power and authority not herein reserved to the Su- 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 83 

preme Lodge, is hereby delegated to the Grand Lodges, the Su- 
preme Lodge, however, reserving to itself the right, at any time, 
by proper amendments, duly adopted, to this Constitution, to re- 
sume any additional power necessary to promote the well-being 
and harmony of the Order. 

Sec. 3. Each Grand Lodge shall adopt a Constitution for its 
own government, and also a Constitution for its Subordinates, 
which Constitutions shall be in accordance with the provisions 
of this Constitution and the laws made in pursuance hereof. The 
Constitutions of Grand Lodges, and all amendments thereof, shall 
not go into effect until submitted to and approved by the Supreme 
Chancellor or Supreme Lodge. 

Sec. 4. Grand Lodges shall be composed only of Past Chan- 
cellors ; but said Grand Lodges may provide for a representative 
system, and may limit the rights and privileges of Past Chancel- 
lors on the floor of the Grand Lodge. 

Sec. 5. The officers of a Grand Lodge shall be as prescribed 
in Sec. 3 of Art. VI. of this Constitution, who shall be elected 
or appointed as the Constitutions of the respective Grand Lodges 
may prescribe, and who shall hold office for the term of one 
year. 

Sec. 6. Charters of Grand Lodges may be revoked, and Grand 
Lodges suspended, by the Supreme Lodge, for non-conformity 
to the Work, Ceremonies, or Ritual adopted by the Supreme 
Lodge ; for disobedience to its legal mandates, and for improper 
conduct. 

ARTICLE VIII. 

OF SUBORDINATE LODGES. 

Section i. Subordinate Lodges exist by virtue of Dispensa- 
tions issued by the Supreme Lodge through the Supreme Chan- 
cellor, or Charters granted in lieu thereof, or directly by the 
appropriate Grand Lodge ; but to each Grand Lodge, when 
formed, belongs the exclusive right to issue Charters to Lodges 
instituted within its prescribed territorial jurisdiction. 

Sec. 2. Grand Lodges shall prescribe a Constitution for the 



84 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

Subordinate Lodges within their jurisdiction ; but the following 
obligatory general rules or principles shall be incorporated into 
each Subordinate Lodge Constitution : 

i. A Lodge shall never consist of less than seven members of 
the Knight rank, and shall hold stated meetings at least once a 
week, at such an hour as may from time to time be determined 
upon ; Provided, That each Grand Lodge may allow meeting at 
longer intervals. by a regular dispensation. 

2. Not less than seven members of the Knight rank shall con- 
stitute a quorum for the transaction of business, including one 
qualified to preside; and if seven members only be present, no 
appropriations of money shall be made, unless it be by unani- 
mous consent. 

3. The Lodge shall transact all its business in the Knight 
rank, except the actual conferring of the Page or Esquire rank. 

4. The officers of a Subordinate Lodge shall be as provided 
in the Ritual of the Order. 

5. Nominations for the elective officers may be made on the 
night preceding, and on the night of election. 

6. Officers shall be installed at the first regular meeting in the 
new term, if unforeseen circumstances do not prevent ; but no 
officer shall be installed unless he has fully paid to his Lodge 
the amount of all dues and claims of whatsoever nature then 
accrued. 

7. All vacancies by death, removal, suspension, resignation, 
or otherwise, shall be filled in the manner of the original selec- 
tion, to serve the residue of the term, and officers so serving 
shall be entitled to the honors of the term. 

8. No person shall be initiated into a Lodge of this Order 
who has not reached the legal age of majority in the country 
where the Lodge is located, nor unless he be a white male, of 
good moral character, sound in health, and a believer in a Su- 
preme Being. Every application for membership must be ac- 
companied with the initiation fee, the amount of which shall be 
fixed by each Grand Lodge ; Provided, That in no case shall the 
three ranks be conferred in North America for a less amount than 
ten dollars; Provided, further, That the Supreme Chancellor be, 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT- BO OK'. 85 

and is, hereby authorized and empowered, upon the application 
of a Grand Lodge through its proper officers, to issue his Dis- 
pensations authorizing and permitting such jurisdiction to con- 
fer the three ranks of the Order for a sum not less than six dol- 
lars. 

9. Applications for initiation must be signed by the petitioner, 
stating his age, residence, and occupation, and endorsed by two 
Knights in good standing, who are members of the Lodge, which 
must be entered on the records, and the petition referred to a 
committee of three for investigation (neither of. whom shall have 
recommended him), whose duty it shall be to report on the char- 
acter and qualifications of the petitioner at a regular meeting. 
The applicant shall then be balloted for, by secret ball ballot, 
and, if approved, he may be admitted. 

10. Should two black balls appear against a candidate, the 
ballot shall be renewed immediately. Should two or more ap- 
pear on the second ballot, he shall be declared rejected, and no 
other ballot shall be taken in his case for the space of six months 
thereafter. 

1 1 . One week must elapse between the conferring of the Ranks 
in all cases, except the first four meetings of a new Lodge ; but 
in every instance one week must elapse between the application 
and the conferring of the initiatory rank of Page. 

(The above paragraph shall not apply to cases where Dispensa- 
tions are granted by a proper Grand Officer, or through his 
Deputy.) 

12. Any Brother of the Order, in good standing, desirous of 
becoming a member of a Lodge, shall make application as in the 
case of an uninitiated person, and accompany same with his with- 
drawal card from the Lodge of which he was last a member, or 
the card granted by the Grand Lodge in lieu thereof, which shall 
be referred to a committee of three, whose duty it shall be to 
report as to the standing and qualifications of the applicant at a 
regular meeting. The Brother shall then be balloted for by 
secret ball ballot, as in the case of an initiate. Any Brother who 
may have lost his card can have the same renewed by applying 
to the source from which it emanated. 

8 



86 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

13. No proposition for membership shall be withdrawn, unless 
by consent of the Lodge, after it has been referred to a com- 
mittee, and all cases so referred shall be balloted for upon the 
report of the committee, whether it be favorable or unfavorable. 

14. A candidate for membership, residing in a jurisdiction 
other than the one in which his proposition is offered, shall not 
be initiated without the written consent of the Lodge nearest his 
residence. 

15. No rank shall be conferred on a Brother who is a non- 
resident of the jurisdiction, or who is a member of another 
Lodge, without first obtaining the permission of the Lodge to 
which the Brother is attached. 

16. No rank shall be conferred, under any pretence whatever, 
unless the same shall have been previously paid for. 

17. Applications for withdrawal cards shall be made, either 
personally or in writing, to a Lodge, and a card thereupon shall 
be granted ; Provided, The Brother be clear of the books, free 
from charges made or pending, and there be no other valid ob- 
jection. 

18. Any withdrawal card may be revoked by a Lodge grant- 
ing the same, or ordered vacated by the proper Grand Lodge, 
or Grand Chancellor, at any time, for cause appearing, and 
when so revoked for the purpose of impeachment or trial, the 
person holding said card shall again become subject to the Lodge 
which issued same, in so far as concerns said impeachment or 
trial. Refusal to comply with proper citation in this connection 
shall constitute contempt. 

19. A withdrawal card can be renewed if lost or destroyed 
accidentally, and satisfactory evidence adduced from the holder 
and applicant, by the Lodge having granted the same, and upon 
such terms as the Lodge may determine. 

20. Each Lodge shall have a seal with appropriate devices, 
which shall be affixed to such cards, as well as to all official docu- 
ments emanating from the Lodge. 

21. A member who is one year in arrears shall be declared 
suspended ; Provided, Said member is not under charges. 

22. Lodges shall provide for carrying into effect the beneficial 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. Zj 

character of the Order, by providing for the payment of weekly 
benefits in case of disability, and funeral benefits in case of the 
death of a member ; and weekly benefits shall not be less than 
one dollar per week, nor funeral benefits less than twenty dollars. 

OF DELINQUENT OR DEFUNCT LODGES. 

Sec. 3. Any Grand or Subordinate Lodge may be suspended 
or dissolved, and its Charter or Dispensation forfeited to the Su- 
preme or the proper Grand Lodge : 

1. For improper conduct. 

2. For neglecting or refusing to conform to the Constitution, 
Laws, or Enactments of the Supreme or its Grand Lodge, or the 
general laws and regulations of the Order. 

3. For neglecting or refusing to make its returns, or for non- 
payment of dues or taxes to the Supreme or its proper Grand 
Lodge. But the Charter or Dispensation shall not be forfeited 
in either of the above cases, until the Lodge shall have been 
duly notified of its offence by the Supreme or proper Grand 
Keeper of Records and Seal, and suitable opportunity given to 
answer the charges made against it. 

4. For neglecting to hold the regular stated meetings as pro- 
vided by law, without a proper Dispensation therefor, or unless 
prevented from doing so by some unforeseen circumstance. 

5. By its membership diminishing, so that less than a consti- 
tutional quorum may be left. 

ARTICLE IX. 

QUORUM OF VOTES. 

A majority of the Grand Lodges shall constitute a quorum to 
transact business ; and a member of a Grand Lodge whose re- 
turns for the year and Supreme Representative tax have not been 
regularly and annually forwarded to the proper Supreme officers 
on or before the first day of March prior to any session of the 
Supreme Lodge, shall in no case be entitled to a vote, either by 
being an officer or Supreme Representative. 



88 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

ARTICLE X. 

REVENUE. 

Each Grand Lodge shall pay to the Supreme Lodge the gum 
of $75 annually for each Representative to which they are en- 
titled, and each Grand and Subordinate Lodge shall pay for sup- 
plies such sums as may be fixed in the By-Laws of the Supreme 
Lodge, and all work or supplies so ordered must be paid for 
when ordering, or on date of delivery. 

ARTICLE XL 

MILEAGE. 

The Supreme Lodge shall pay the mileage and necessary ex- 
penses of its officers and Representatives to and while in Su- 
preme session, unless otherwise provided for. 

The mileage shall be at the rate of four cents per mile, and 
four dollars per day during the actual session of the body. 

ARTICLE XII. 

REGALIA. 

The Regalia of the Supreme, Grand, and Subordinate Lodges 
shall be such as is prescribed by the Supreme Lodge or adopted 
and approved from time to time at the regular sessions of the 
Supreme Lodge. 

ARTICLE XIII. 

CONSTITUTION AND BY-LAWS OBLIGATORY. 

All Constitutional provisions contained in all Articles, Sec- 
tions, or paragraphs of this Constitution and By-Laws are obli- 
gatory, in every sense, on all Grand and Subordinate Lodges, 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 89 

Knights of Pythias, and all Grand or Subordinate Lodge laws 
in contravention or conflict herewith are rendered void of effect 
and illegal in enforcement, or, if enforced, are acts of contu- 
macy, liable and subject to proper punishment. 



ARTICLE XIV. 

LAWS, WHEN IN FORCE. 

All laws, enactments, or legislation of the Supreme Lodge, 
become of force from date of passage and publication. 

ARTICLE XV. 

SUPREME REPRESENTATIVES' REPORTS. 

Supreme Representatives' written reports to their Grand Lodges 
or Grand officers are official in so far as rendering a Supreme 
law operative in its effect prior to the issuance of the Journal of 
Proceedings or a General Order, and may be recognized until 
said Journal of Proceedings or General Orders are issued, when 
said general promulgation and issuance of the Journal or Orders, 
if differing from their reports in letter, spirit, or construction, 
it (Journal or Orders) must be immediately conformed to in every 
respect. 

ARTICLE XVI. 

PASSWORDS. 

The Supreme Chancellor shall have exclusive right of creation 
and promulgation of all passwords proper and fitting for the case 
involved — to rescind, call in, and change the same, if circum- 
stances require, or the exigencies of the case warrant — prescribe 
their application and use. 



90 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

ARTICLE XVII. 

FOREIGN COUNTRIES. 

The Supreme Chancellor may authorize and establish the 
Order in foreign countries, arrange for and assent to the insti- 
tution of Grand Lodges therein, under proper reservations for 
mutual advantage, but, in all instances, exacting and holding 
intact the spirit, letter, and intent of this Constitution and By- 
Laws. 

ARTICLE XVIII. 

ANNUAL RETURNS. 

Each Grand Lodge, under the control of the Supreme Lodge, 
as also all Subordinate Lodges in any State, country, island, or 
territory, where there is no Grand Lodge legally at work or 
properly instituted, shall make out annual returns of its work and 
business in accordance with the form sent or delivered to them 
by the Supreme Keeper of Records and Seal, or other proper 
officer, and forward the same, with the legal dues or tax from 
that body to the Supreme Lodge, to said Supreme Keeper of 
Records and Seal, on or before the first day of March of each 
year, or, in default thereof, such Grand Lodge shall forfeit its 
right to representation at the next session of the Supreme Lodge. 

ARTICLE XIX. 

APPEALS AND WRITS OF ERROR. 

Section i. All appeals and writs of error, taken from the 
action or decision of a Grand Lodge, or a Subordinate Lodge 
under the immediate jurisdiction of the Supreme Lodge of the 
World, to said Supreme Lodge, as hereinafter provided, shall be 
received and passed upon by said Supreme Lodge, in its capacity 
of a court of last resort ; but in all cases, the action or decision 
of a Grand Lodge, or a Subordinate Lodge under the immediate 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 9 1 

jurisdiction of the Supreme Lodge, shall be final and conclusive 
until reversed by this Supreme Lodge, on appeals or prosecutions 
of a writ of error therefrom, as hereinafter provided. 

Sec. 2. An appeal may be taken from the action or decision 
of any Subordinate Lodge under the immediate jurisdiction of 
the Supreme Lodge of the World, to said Supreme Lodge, by 
any member of such Subordinate Lodge, or by any other person 
whose rights have been denied by such action or decision, upon 
giving written notice to said Subordinate Lodge, of said appeal, 
within two weeks from and after such action or decision. 

Sec. 3. With the consent of a Grand Lodge, an appeal may 
be taken by any Subordinate Lodge, or member under its juris- 
diction, from any action or decision of such Grand Lodge, to 
the Supreme Lodge of the World ; Provided, however, that such 
consent shall not be necessary, when a suspended or dissolved 
Lodge, after having surrendered to its Grand Lodge all its effects, 
books, and property, appeals from such decision : and, provided 
further, that any action or decision of a Grand Lodge, where 
is drawn in question any provision of the Constitution, or any 
enactment or authority of the Supreme Lodge of the World, 
and the action or decision is against the validity of such provi- 
sion, enactment, or authority, may be examined and reversed or 
affirmed in the Supreme Lodge of the World, upon a writ of 
error, to the same extent as could have been done upon an appeal 
legally taken from such action or decision. 

Sec. 4. Such writ of error, as provided for by the last section, 
may be issued by and upon petition to, either the Grand Chan- 
cellor of the Grand Lodge, the action or decision of which is 
sought to be reviewed, the Supreme Chancellor or the Supreme 
Lodge of the World, in the case provided for in the last section, 
and in the order only as above named in this section. 

Sec. 5. Consent of a Grand Lodge to appeal must be obtained 
at the same session at which the action or decision from which 
such appeal is sought to be taken, was had, and the proper record 
upon such appeal must be transmitted, properly attested, to the 
next session of the Supreme Lodge thereafter ; Provided, that the 
Supreme Lodge may, in extreme cases, allow the appeal to be 



92 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

entertained at not later than its next following session thereafter. 
The same rules shall also apply in the prosecution of a writ of 
error. 

Sec. 6. The Supreme Lodge of the World may also adopt such 
additional rules and regulations as may be deemed necessary and 
proper to fully carry into effect the foregoing provisions of this 
article. 

ARTICLE XX. 

APPLICATION FOR GRAND LODGE CHARTERS. 

Grand Lodges working under Dispensation issued by the Su- 
preme Chancellor must apply in regular course, by petition, for 
their Charter, at the first regular session after their institution ; 
which petition shall be accompanied by their Reports, Constitu- 
tion, and By-Laws, all of which shall be referred to the proper 
committees, when, the reports being favorable, and the Com- 
mittee on Charters and Dispensations reporting and recommend- 
ing that a Charter be issued, and the Supreme Lodge concurring 
therein, the Charter shall then be issued, but not otherwise. 

ARTICLE XXI. 

DEPUTY SUPREME CHANCELLOR HONORS. 

Any Knight to whom a commission as Deputy Supreme Chan- 
cellor shall be issued, in any State, country, territory, or island 
where the Order is not already established, or if so, where no 
Grand Lodge exists, shall be entitled to, and receive the rank 
of Past Chancellor; and if in a territory where the Order exists, 
and a Grand Lodge is instituted while he is in charge thereof, he 
shall be entitled to, and receive at the hands of this Supreme 
Lodge, the rank and grade of Past Grand Chancellor therefor ; 
except as above or as otherwise provided in this Constitution, 
the grade or rank of Past Grand Chancellor shall not be con- 
ferred upon any Pa^t Chancellor who has not served as Grand 
Chancellor; Provided, That German D. D. G. C.'s, whose juris- 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 93 

diction is co-extensive with their State, have been elected or ap- 
pointed by the Grand Lodge, and who serve for three successive 
years, shall be entitled to the rank of P. G. C. 



ARTICLE XXII. 

DEPUTY SUPREME CHANCELLORS. 

All Past Grand or Past Chancellors of full rank, regularly 
authorized and commissioned by the Supreme Chancellor to 
institute Grand Lodges, or to travel under his instructions to 
exemplify the Work, shall be known, commissioned, and styled 
Deputy Supreme Chancellors. 

ARTICLE XXIII. 

EXPENSES OF INSTITUTING. 

The necessary expenses incident to travelling to any point and 
back to original starting-point, for the purpose of instituting any 
Subordinate or Grand Lodge, by the Supreme Chancellor or his 
Deputy, shall be paid by the Lodges instituted. 

ARTICLE XXIV. 

RANK CREDENTIALS. 

All Knights having Past Rank removing from one jurisdiction 
to another, and desiring to affiliate on a withdrawal card, must 
also present a Rank credential to entitle him to the same. 

ARTICLE XXV. 

BALLOT — BLACK BALLS. 

Grand Lodges may legislate in their local law to prescribe that 
one black ball may reject, in cases of application for member- 



94 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

ship, but shall not increase the same to more than as prescribed 
in the Supreme maximum of two. 



ARTICLE XXVI. 

SEALS. 

All Grand and Subordinate Lodges shall have an appropriate 
seal, bearing proper devices thereon, name, number, and loca- 
tion of the Lodge, with the date of its institution thereon, a good 
copy or impression of which shall be deposited with the Supreme 
Keeper of Records and Seal. 

ARTICLE XXVII. 

COMPILED PROCEEDINGS. 

It shall be obligatory on all Grand and Subordinate Lodges of 
this Order to have a full volume of Supreme Lodge Proceedings 
and Laws as issued on hand, for ready reference on law or usage 
points ; and hereafter, for any and all new Subordinate Lodges, 
one full copy or set of Supreme Lodge Proceedings shall consti- 
tute an indispensable part of their supplies to be sent out and 
paid for. All "sets" of Work, etc., as herein enumerated, shall 
constitute the legal number to be issued by any and all Grand 
Lodges or officers, which shall neither be added to nor taken 
from by them ; and all Work delivered to Grand and Subordi- 
nate Lodges or officers ordering the same, must be paid for on 
date of delivery, free of expense to the Supreme Lodge. 

ARTICLE XXVIII. 

ELECTIONS SUPREME LODGE. 

The Supreme Lodge officers shall be elected bi-annually by 
ballot. A majority of all the votes present shall be necessary to 
constitute a choice. In case of a tie, the balloting shall continue 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 95 

until a choice is made ; the name of the Brother receiving the 
lowest number of votes at each balloting shall be withdrawn. 
Any officer who may be absent at the time of installation, un- 
less excused by the Supreme Lodge, or by sickness, his office 
shall be declared vacant, and another and immediate election 
held to fill the vacancy ; but if the absent officer-elect has been 
excused, or is ill, then the Supreme Chancellor may be empow- 
ered to install during recess, at his convenience. 



ARTICLE XXIX. 

TRAVELLING SHIELDS. 

Travelling Shields, for the use of Brethren, can only be used 
or recognized when procured from the Supreme Lodge, and are 
of the prescribed and legal form, as adopted, and under its re- 
strictions as made for general or special use, by Grand Lodges, 
and from them issued to the Subordinate Lodges for issuance to 
members, except it be where no Grand Lodge is in existence, or 
recognized by this Supreme Lodge, and in such cases from the 
Deputy Supreme Chancellor in' charge of said State or Territory. 

ARTICLE XXX. 

UNIFORM AND REGALIA. 

All Supreme, Grand, or Subordinate Lodge officers appearing 
in the prescribed uniform of the Order indicative of their rank, 
and wearing the proper and prescribed official Jewel on their left 
breast ; or, 

All Past Supreme, Grand, or Subordinate Lodge officers ap- 
pearing apparelled in a like manner, wearing the proper and pre- 
scribed Past Official Jewel on their left breast ; or, 

Any and all Knights appearing and apparelled in a like manner, 
with the Knight's Jewel on his left breast, shall be considered in 
full and complete regalia for all Lodge conventions, meetings, or - 
session purposes, being entitled to admission to, and seat within, 



g6 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

any Lodge of the Order (if otherwise qualified and entitled to 
admission) wherever existing. But in the absence of the uni- 
form, the Jewel alone shall not be considered sufficient regalia, 
except for officers of Subordinate Lodges in their conventions 
and at their stations; and the following shall be the Regalia, 
when used, of the several bodies as below, to wit : 

The Regalia of the Supreme Lodge shall be as follows : 

For Past Supreme Chancellor — A purple collar; skirted with 
scarlet and white ; the scarlet to be inside, to be trimmed with 
helmet, globe, and tassels, lace and fringe of gilt bullion. Jewel, 
of white and yellow metals, to be worn pendant thereto, with 
the words Past Supreme Chancellor, enamelled or engraved on 
the border. 

For Supreme Chancellor and Supreme Vice Chancellor — Col- 
lars of purple, skirted with scarlet, of the same form, style, and 
trimming (including helmet and globe) as the sitting Past Su- 
preme Chancellor. Jewels to be of yellow and white metals, as 
provided and adopted, of the same device in emblems, unless 
otherwise specifically stated, as those worn by the corresponding 
officers of Grand and Subordinate Lodges, and to be worn sus- 
pended from the collar, in the same manner as above stated, or 
used in prescribed manner for them. 

For remaining Supreme Officers — Same as specified for Su- 
preme Chancellor. 

For Supreme Prelate — White collar, skirted with scarlet, 
trimmed with gilt lace and bullion fringe and tassels. On the 
right breast of the collar shall be embroidered in gilt bullion a 
visored helmet, with axe and lance crossed, illustrative of the 
name and general character of the Order. On the left breast 
shall be embroidered in gilt bullion a globe, emblematical of 
universal fraternity, and the supreme authority of this Lodge. 
The Jewel, of white and yellow metals, shall be as prescribed 
and adopted, to be worn suspended from the collar where the 
ends are united, or suspended on the left breast in open sight if 
in uniform and detached from Regalia. 

For Supreme Representatives — The same as P. G. C.'s, with 
"S. R." upon the right-hand side of collar, in gilt bullion, with 






COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 97 

Jewel pendant, or as otherwise prescribed for members in uni- 
form. 

No Past Officer, Representative, or member, shall be allowed 
to enter the Supreme Lodge when in session, unless properly 
uniformed and jewelled, or clothed in the established regalia of 
his rank, according to these prescriptions, with Jewel appended 
thereto : Provided, any Past Chancellor, officer, or member pre- 
senting himself at the door of any Lodge of the Order properly 
uniformed, as prescribed by the Supreme Lodge law, with the 
Past Official, Official, or Knight's Jewel on his left breast, in open 
sight, shall be recognized as in proper regalia, and be entitled to 
admittance, if otherwise qualified. 

The working Regalia of Grand Lodges shall be as follows, 
to wit : 

P. G. Chancellors — Black velvet collar, trimmed with gold 
lace and fringe, and P. G. C. embroidered in gold on left side, 
with the approved and adopted Jewel pendant. 

P. Chancellors — Red velvet collar, trimmed with gold fringe, 
and adopted and approved Jewel pendant. 

Representatives — Same as Past Chancellors, rosette with 
number of Lodge on left side, and approved and adopted Jewel 
pendant. Said rosette to be furnished by the Subordinate Lodge 
represented. 

Officers — Same as Past Chancellors, with the prescribed in- 
signia of office of their rank, adopted and approved Jewel 
pendant : Provided, any officer, Representative, or Past Chan- 
cellor, presenting himself properly uniformed, as prescribed by 
the Supreme Lodge law, with the Past Official or Official Jewel 
on his left breast, in open sight, shall be recognized as in proper 
regalia, and be entitled to admittance, if otherwise qualified. 

The working Regalia of Subordinate Lodges shall be as fol- 
lows, to wit : 

For Pages, a blue collar ; for Esquires, a yellow collar ; for 
Knights, a red collar. Officers' Regalia — For C. C, a collar 
of scarlet velvet, with silver fringe one and a half inches long, 
and silver lace border on inner edge half inch wide, with Jewel 
pendant ; for V. C, the same as the C. C, with Jewel pendant; 
9 G 



98 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

for Prelate, a black velvet collar, trimmed same as C. C. and V. 
C, with Jewel pendant; for M. of E., the same as the V. C, 
omitting the fringe, with Jewel pendant ; for M. of F., the same 
as the M. of E., with Jewel pendant ; for K. of R. and S., the 
same as the M. of F., with Jewel pendant; for M. at A., the 
same as the K. of R. and S., with Jewel pendant; for I. G., the 
same as the M. at A., with Jewel pendant; for O. G., the same 
as the I. G., with Jewel pendant ; for P. C, the same as the C. 
C, with gold fringe, with Jewel pendant; or, in other words, 
plain collars, the same as the above in every particular, except 
the embroidered emblems as heretofore used, and in their place 
the adopted metal Jewels hanging pendant thereto : Provided, 
that any and all Lodges, of this Order, wherever hereafter started, 
on and after July i, 1874, shall procure and use only the plain 
Regalia and prescribed metal Jewels (if desiring both), or Jewels 
alone ; that any and all Lodges now having and using the Regalia 
with the "embroidered emblems" on them, may do so until 
worn out, but when replacing them, either in part or whole, shall 
conform strictly to the provisions as herein expressed and above 
set forth ; conditioned that no part of this provision shall be 
so construed by any authority to prevent Lodge officers, when 
working, using the Jewels alone, without any Regalia, or any 
Lodge now having and using the style of Regalia with em- 
broidered emblems thereon, from using the metal Jewel in con- 
nection therewith. Provided, any Past Chancellor, officer, or 
member, presenting himself properly uniformed, as prescribed 
by the Supreme Lodge law, with the Past Official, Official, or 
Knight's Jewel on his left breast, in open sight, shall be recog- 
nized as in proper Regalia, and be entitled to admittance, if 
otherwise qualified. "Provided, further, any Past Supreme 
Officer, Supreme Officer, Supreme Representative, Past Supreme 
Representative, Past Grand Officer, Grand Officer, Past Chan- 
cellor, and Subordinate Lodge Officer, and Knight wearing the 
Jewel of his rank on the left lappel of the coat in a Lodge, shall 
be considered in full Regalia." 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 99 

ARTICLE XXXI. 

SUSPENSION OF LODGES. 

The Supreme and each Grand Lodge may provide for and 
order the revocation of any or all Dispensations or Charters and 
suspension of Subordinate Lodges under their jurisdiction for vio- 
lations of this Constitution, Supreme Lodge orders, enactments, 
legislation or decisions, or their Grand Lodge constitutional 
provisions, local laws, or Grand Chancellor's official mandates 
during recess. 

ARTICLE XXXII. 

TERMS. 

A term of the Supreme Lodge shall be two years, and the 
terms of Subordinate Lodges working immediately under the 
control of the Supreme Lodge shall be six months, and the 
terms of Grand Lodges shall be one year, and that the terms of 
Subordinate Lodges working under the control of Grand Lodges, 
shall be remitted to the several Grand Jurisdictions. Provided, 
that no term of a Subordinate Lodge shall be less than six 
months. 

ARTICLE XXXIII. 

AMENDMENTS. 

No alteration or amendment to the Constitution of the Su- 
preme Lodge shall be made unless presented at a regular session, 
and adopted by a two-thirds vote at the next succeeding regular 
session : Provided, That no change shall be made in the Written 
or Unwritten Work unless the same lay over from one session to 
another, nor then, unless four-fifths of the Representatives concur 
therein. Provided always, however, that the Supreme Lodge 
shall have the power to exercise a special prerogative to alter or 
amend any part or portion of the foregoing Constitution, by 
unanimous consent, whenever the interests of the Order so 
demand. 



100 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 



BY-LAWS. 

All printed or other materials furnished by the Supreme Lodge 
to any Grand or Subordinate Lodge, members thereof, or other 
parties, for creating a revenue for the Supreme Lodge, shall be 
known under the general heading of "supplies;" which said 
supplies shall be furnished as may be from time to time specified, 
changed, altered or amended by legislation at the regular sessions, 
but which for the time being shall be as follows, to wit : 

SUPPLIES TO GRAND LODGES. 

Dispensation Fee to Grand Lodges $30 00 

Charter Fee 20 00 

Charter Plates for Subordinates 2 00 

Grand Lodge Rituals, $5 each, per set of 5 25 00 

Rituals for Subordinate Lodges, each. 2 00 

Installation Books for Subordinate Lodges, each 40 

Odes for Subordinate Lodges, each 5 

Odes for Grand Lodges, each 10 

Bound Journals of Proceedings of Supreme Lodge, in 

paper 1 00 

Compiled Proceedings of Supreme Lodge, in leather 5 00 

Odes of the Order, set to Music, per book 20 

Dedication Ceremonies, per book $1 each, per set 5 00 

Travelling Shields 20 

Withdrawal Cards 25 

Grand Lodge Jewels, per set 

Subordinate Lodge Jewels, per set 

Knights' Jewels, each 

Knights' Charts, per 100 

" " " 50 

" i( a 2C 

" " " 10 

" " each 



Past Chancellor's Charts, per 50, 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 10 1 



Past Chancellor's Charts per 25 , 

tt it tt it JQ 

it it tt tt £ 

" " " each 

Past Grand Chancellor's Charts, per 20. 

a a a a a IO 

a it a ti tt jj 



each. 



SUPPLIES TO SUBORDINATE LODGES UNDER THE IMMEDIATE 
JURISDICTION OF THE SUPREME LODGE. 

Dispensation Fee $15 00 

Rituals, per set of 5 20 00 

Installation, per set of 5 3 00 

Odes, 10 cents each, per set of 50 5 00 

Bound Journals of Supreme Lodge Proceedings, in paper. 1 00 

Compiled Proceedings, in leather 5 00 

Odes of the Order, set to Music, 40 cents per book ; per 

set of 5 2 00 

Travelling Shields 40 

Withdrawal Cards 50 

Subordinate Lodge Jewels, per set 

Knights' Jewels, each 

Knights' Charts, per 100 

" " 75 

" 50 

" 25 

" " 10 

" each 

Past Chancellor's Charts, per 50 

a tt tt a - 

it tt It It JQ 

tt tt tt tt - 

" " " each 

Past Grand Chancellor's Charts, per 20 

tt 11 a a tt jo.. , 

it tt a tt a 



5 

" " " " each..., 

9* 



102 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 



Rules of Order. 



i. The presiding officer having taken the chair, the officerr 
and members shall take their respective seats, and at the souna 
of the gavel there shall be a general silence. 

2. At the appointed hour the Supreme Chancellor shall or- 
ganize the meeting, by directing the Supreme Keeper of Records 
and Seal to call the names of the officers of this Supreme Lodge. 
After which he shall make report of the number of Grand Lodges 
from which Representatives are present ; when, if a quorum be 
present, the Supreme Chancellor shall call on the Supreme Pre- 
late to address the Supreme Ruler of the Universe in prayer. 
The Supreme Vice Chancellor and the Supreme Master at Arms 
shall then examine the Representatives present, and report to 
the Supreme Chancellor, and, if correct, the Supreme Chancellor 
shall direct the members to clothe themselves with their regalia 
and take their seats, after which the Supreme Vice Chancellor, 
at the request of the Supreme Chancellor, shall proclaim the 
Lodge duly opened. 

3. The business shall be taken up in the following order: The 
Supreme Lodge shall be opened in due form. 

4. The Supreme Keeper of Records and Seal will report on 
the certificates of Representatives, which shall be referred to the 
proper committee. 

5. The Supreme Chancellor shall appoint a Committee on 
Credentials and Returns, and a Committee on Allotment of 
Seats — each committee to consist of three members. Both of 
said committees shall report without delay, and said reports 
shall be acted upon and disposed of before any other business is 
transacted. 

6. On the adoption of the report of the Committee on Cre- 
dentials and Returns, recommending the admission of the Past 
Grand Chancellors and Representatives, they shall be admitted 
in form. 

7. The minutes of the last annual and intervening meetings 
shall be read and passed upon. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. IO3 

8. The report of the Supreme Chancellor as to his acts and 
doings during the recess of the Supreme Lodge shall be pre- 
sented. 

9. The annual reports of the Supreme Keeper of Records and 
Seal, and Supreme Master of Exchequer, shall be presented. . 

10. The Supreme Chancellor shall then appoint the following 
committees, each to consist of three members, viz. : 

Committee on Law and Supervision. 

Committee on Finance. 

Committee on Appeals and Grievances. 

Committee on Mileage. 

Committee on State of the Order. 

Committee on Written Work. 

Committee on Unwritten Work. 

Committee on Printing. 

Committee on Dispensations and Charters. 

11. The jurisdictions shall be called in their order of seniority, 
when any legitimate business may be presented. 

12. Petitions shall be presented, read, and referred. 

13. Reports of Standing Committees to be called by the Su- 
preme Chancellor in the order of their appointment. 

14. Reports of Special Committees. 

15. Miscellaneous business. 

16. The above order of business may be transposed or dis- 
pensed with, at the discretion of the Supreme Lodge. When 
the business of the session is concluded, the Supreme Prelate 
shall offer a prayer, and the Supreme Vice Chancellor shall 
proclaim the Supreme Lodge duly closed. 

17. Voting for officers shall be by ballot. All other voting 
shall be viva voce, or by yeas and nays, as the Supreme Lodge 
may determine. 

18. On the call of two jurisdictions, the yeas and nays shall 
be taken on any question, and when taken shall be entered on 
the journal. 

19. No motion shall be subject to debate until it has been 
seconded and stated by the chair. It shall be reduced to writing 
at the request of any member. 



104 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

20. When a question is before the Supreme Lodge, no motion 
shall be received, unless it be to adjourn ; the previous question, 
to lie on the table, to refer, to postpone indefinitely, to postpone 
to a certain time, to recommit, or to amend ; and the motions 
just enumerated shall take precedence in the order of enumera- 
tion. The first three shall be decided without debate. 

21. When a subject has been indefinitely postponed, it cannot 
again, during the same session, be taken up and considered ; nor 
can a subject which the Supreme Lodge has refused to reconsider 
be taken up at that session. 

22. On a call of Representatives of three Grand Jurisdictions, 
a majority of the Supreme Lodge may demand that the previous 
question shall be put, which shall always be in this form: "Shall 
the main question be now put?" and, until it is decided, no fur- 
ther debate shall take place, and the vote shall be taken, first, 
on any amendments that may be pending, and next on the final 
question. 

23. When the reading of any paper or other matter is called 
for, and the same is objected to by any member, it shall be de- 
termined by vote of the Supreme Lodge, without debate. 

24. Before putting a question, the presiding officer shall ask, 
"Is the Supreme Lodge ready for the question ?" If no member 
rises to speak, and a majority of the Supreme Lodge are ready 
for the question, he shall rise and put it. While the presiding 
officer is putting a question, or addressing the Supreme Lodge, 
none shall walk out of or across the room, nor entertain private 
discourse ; and after he shall have risen to put it, no member 
shall speak upon it. 

25. The presiding officer, or any other member doubting the 
decision of a question, may call for a division of the Supreme 
Lodge ; but a division cannot be called for after the chair has 
announced the result of a vote. 

26. No member shall be permitted to speak or vote unless 
clothed in regalia according to his rank and station, and occu- 
pying his seat at the place designated for him. 

27. During the progress of a ballot for an officer, no motion 
can be entertained, or debate or explanation permitted. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 105 

28. Every officer and member shall be designated by his 
proper title or office according in the Order. 

29. Every member, when he speaks or offers a motion, shall 
rise and respectfully address, and be recognized by the presiding 
officer ; and while speaking, he shall confine himself to the ques- 
tion in debate, avoiding all personalities and indecorous lan- 
guage, as well as all reflections upon the Supreme Lodge or 
any of its members. 

30. Should two or more members rise to speak at the same 
time, the Chair shall decide which is entitled to the floor ; and 
no member shall interrupt or disturb another while speaking, un- 
less to call him to order for words spoken. 

31. If a member, while speaking, shall be called to order, he 
shall, at the request of the Chair, take his seat until the question 
of order is determined, when he may proceed again. 

32. The decisions of the Chair, on points of order, may be 
appealed from by any member, which point of order shall be 
reduced to writing; and in such cases the question shall be, 
"Shall the decision of the Chair stand as the judgment of the Su- 
preme Lodge ? ' ' 

33. No member shall speak more than once on the same ques- 
tion, until all the members wishing to speak have had an oppor- 
tunity to do so ; and no one shall speak more then ten minutes 
on any question, unless by permission of the Supreme Lodge. 

34. When a petition, memorial, or communication is pre- 
sented, a brief statement of its contents shall be made by the 
introducer or the Chair; and, after it has been read, a brief 
notice of its purport shall be entered upon the journal. 

35. When a blank is to be filled, the question shall be taken 
first upon the highest sum or number, and the longest or latest 
time proposed. 

36. Any member may call for the division of a question, when 
the sense will admit. 

37. After any question, except one of indefinite postponement, 
or one which the Supreme Lodge has refused to reconsider, has 
been decided, any two members who voted in the majority may, 
at the same or next session, move for a reconsideration thereof; 



106 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS, ETC. 

but no discussion of the main question shall be allowed until 
reconsidered. 

3&. No matter shall be considered at any morning session of 
the Supreme Lodge, until all the committees shall have had an 
opportunity of presenting reports. 

39. Any proposition offered for reference to any standing or 
special committee of this body, which shall require an entry in 
full upon the journal, shall be submitted in duplicate, either in 
print or in manuscript ; and if in writing, they shall be on paper 
not less in size than half a page of foolscap. All resolutions and 
legislative measures belonging to or within the purview of any 
standing or special committee of this body, shall be referred in 
the regular order to said committees, before reported on and 
submitted by them for action thereon by the Supreme Lodge. 

40. The Supreme Chancellor shall appoint a standing com- 
mittee on rules, to whom shall be referred all amendments there- 
to, and all questions of order not otherwise disposed of. 

41. The election of officers shall take place on such day of the 
session as the Supreme Lodge may determine. 

42. The installation of officers shall be after the business of 
the session at which the election takes place has been completed. 

43. Cushing's Manual shall be our standard for parliamentary 
law, in the absence of any rule governing our action. 

44. Proposals to add to, amend or alter these rules, shall be 
submitted in writing, and lay over at least one day, when a ma- 
jority vote shall adopt or reject. 



THE ORDER OF KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS. 

Its Organization, Government, and Legislation, with 
Practical Reflections and Suggestions. 

BY HON. R. E. COWAN, P. G. C. AND S. R. 

WHEN we consider that the Order of Knights of Pythias 
has only been in existence for twenty years, and that the 
Supreme Lodge, which is the fountain of all the legis- 
lation of the Order, was organized a little more than fifteen 
years ago, the proportions and symmetry and perfection to which 
it has attained, as an organization, is as much a matter of 
wonder as of pride. Up to the time of the organization of the 
Supreme Lodge, the "Order Universal" was in rather a chaotic 
state ; while, to make matters worse, and the task of the Conven- 
tion called to submit a Plan for the organization of the pro- 
posed Supreme Body all the more delicate and difficult, dissen- 
sion and strife were abroad, threatening the very life of the 
Order. But, nothing discouraged, a few brave spirits seized the 
helm, and, after a hard struggle, brought order out of con- 
fusion, allayed strife, adjusted differences, subdued rebellion, 
and organized the Supreme Lodge Knights of Pythias of the 
World, which body has so asserted its authority and preroga- 
tives, and maintained its dignity, that to-day it commands the 
confidence and willing obedience of the Order as well as the re- 
spect and admiration of the world. 

FOUNDER. 

The founder of the Order is Justus H. Rathbone, of the 
city of Washington, District of Columbia, who, by special legis- 
lation of the Supreme Lodge, holds the title of " Founder and 

107 



108 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

Past Supreme Chancellor." This title does not give to the dis- 
tinguished brother any rights or privileges or immunities other 
than those enjoyed by any other Past Supreme Chancellor. 

In 1882, however, at the Detroit session of the Supreme Lodge, 
an amendment was proposed to the Constitution of the Supreme 
Lodge, which will be acted upon in 1884, and which, if adopted, 
will constitute the founder of the Order an Officer of the Su- 
preme Lodge.* 

THE SUBORDINATE LODGE. 

The very foundation stone, and upon which rests the whole 
superstructure of the Order of Knights of Pythias, is the Sub- 
ordinate Lodge. The standing of every Knight in the Subor- 
dinate Lodge to* which he belongs fixes and determines his stand- 
ing in the Order, and no matter to what height of Pythian 
honor he may attain, when he loses his standing in his Sub- 
ordinate Lodge he loses all. 

A Knight can only be a member of one Lodge at the same 
time, but in order to hold any official position, or be entitled to 
any of the benefits or privileges of the Order, he must be a 
member of a Lodge. 

There is no official position, no matter how humble, that can 
be filled by one who is not of the Knight's Rank, and all busi- 
ness, except the mere conferring of the Ranks of Page and Es- 
quire, must be transacted when the Lodge is open in the Knight's 
Rank. 

The highest official position attainable in a Subordinate Lodge 
is that of Past Chancellor ; in a Grand Lodge, that of Past 
Grand Chancellor; and in the Supreme Lodge, Past Supreme 
Chancellor. 

The Rank of Past Chancellor can only be conferred by a 
Grand Lodge, and until a Past Chancellor has been obligated 
and instructed in that Rank in the Grand Lodge, he is not a 
Past Chancellor "in full," to use the expressive language of the 
Supreme Lodge. The Rank of Past Grand Chancellor is con- 
ferred by the Supreme Lodge ; while the Rank of Past Supreme 

* This was done at New Orleans session, 1884. 






COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. IO9 

Chancellor follows service as Supreme Chancellor, as a matter 
of course and of right. 

In addition to these Ranks, the Supreme Lodge has organ- 
ized and adopted, first, the Endowment Rank, then the Uni- 
form Rank ; but at all times it has taken pains to declare, in 
plain and unmistakable terms, that the taking of these Ranks 
confers no higher grade or degree in the Order ; that, in fact, 
they are only incidental and subsidiary — mere vehicles and in- 
strumentalities, devised by the wisdom and forethought of the 
Supreme Lodge for the better carrying out of the aims and pur- 
poses of the Order. 

From the very organization of the Supreme Lodge, earnest 
and persistent efforts have been made to induce it to authorize 
and provide for other and higher ranks, and also for a Ladies' 
Degree, to be conferred on the wives and daughters of Knights. 
While these movements have, undoubtedly, appealed strongly 
to the pride and affections and chivalry of that august body, 
it has, up to this time, resolutely denied the numerous petitions 
presented to it in that behalf. 

HONORS. 

For a long time, in the early history of the Order, its honors 
were very cheaply held, if we are to judge by the wholesale and 
often indiscriminate manner in which the Grand Lodges and 
the Supreme Lodge created Past Chancellors, and Past Grand 
and Past Supreme Chancellors. Finally, and fortunately, men 
who had won their honors, by actual service, rebelled against 
this practice, and said it must stop, at least so far as the Su- 
preme Lodge was concerned, and the more effectually to pre- 
vent it, procured an amendment to the Constitution of the Su- 
preme Lodge declaring that, except in certain cases, therein 
particularly specified, "the Rank or grade of Past Grand Chan- 
cellor shall not be conferred upon a Past Chancellor who has 
not served as Grand Chancellor." Since the adoption of this 
Constitutional provision, the Supreme Lodge has held that a 
Grand Chancellor must serve out his term to entitle him to the 
honors of the office and the Rank of Past Grand Chancellor. 



I IO THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

Holding, also, that when a Grand Vice Chancellor is elected to 
and fills out an unexpired term as Grand Chancellor, he too is 
entitled to the honors of the office and the Rank of Past Grand 
Chancellor. At the very same time the Supreme Lodge decided 
that when a Grand Vice Chancellor, from any cause, is called 
upon to discharge the duties and functions of Grand Chancellor, 
and though he may do so for the balance of the unexpired term, 
he is not entitled to such honors and Rank. 

The glaring injustice, not to say inconsistency, of this ruling, 
ought to be remedied at the earliest practicable period, so that 
the brother who, under the law, assumes the functions and dis- 
charges the duties of the office of Grand Chancellor, to the end 
of the current term, shall have the honors and Rank. 

In the matter of conferring the Rank of Past Chancellor, in 
most of the jurisdictions, the Grand Lodges have followed the 
example of the Supreme Lodge, and have erected constitutional 
barriers against conferring such Rank, except when it has been 
earned by actual service as Chancellor Commander. 

GOVERNMENT. 

Under the system of government adopted for the Order, the 
Supreme Lodge is the source of all power and authority — in a 
word, is supreme. 

The Constitution of the Supreme Lodge, in all of its details 
and provisions, prescribing the powers and duties of its officers 
and committees — the powers and privileges granted to and the 
limitations imposed upon Grand and Subordinate Lodges — 
the manner of their organization, the qualifications for member- 
ship — how it may be acquired and how lost, are so full and clear 
and explicit, that a reference to that instrument, so far as all those 
matters are concerned, is all that is deemed necessary. 

It is proper to say, however, in this connection, that in con- 
struing these grants of power in the Supreme Lodge Constitu- 
tion to Grand and Subordinate Lodges, the Supreme Lodge has 
been exceedingly liberal, and from time to time has declared the 
following matters to be proper subjects for local legislation, viz. : 

Fixing the status of the sitting Past Chancellor ; the organiza- 



. COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. HI 

tion of Grand Lodges, subject to the restriction of the Constitu- 
tion of the Supreme Lodge ; granting to Lodges the right to 
hold semi-monthly meetings ; fixing rules for the reinstatement of 
suspended members ; regulating the rights and duties of mem- 
bers as between themselves ; saying what number of failures to hold 
regular meetings by a Subordinate Lodge shall forfeit its Charter; 
fixing the fees for the Ranks, subject, of course, to the restric- 
tion of Clause 8, Section 2, Article VIII., of the Constitution 
of the Supreme Lodge ; prescribing the delinquencies that will 
deprive members of their right to the semi-annual pass-word ; 
refusing admission to a candidate after he is elected; the 
acceptance after "six months ' ' of the rejected material of another 
Lodge ; the granting or withholding of benefits to the relations 
of suicides ; the organizing of Relief Bureaus ; the regulation 
of dues and benefits, subject to the restrictions imposed by the su- 
preme law ; of saying to whom and upon what terms, surren- 
dered charters may be restored ; the appointment of Lecturers ; 
the conferring of the Rank of Past Chancellor for meritorious 
services ; calling the ayes and noes ; levying a tax by Subordi- 
nates to pay expenses ; saying what officers of a Grand Lodge 
shall sign the Charters granted to Subordinates ; establishing 
schools for the sons of deceased Knights ; disposition of Lodge 
funds ; fixing the status c i a Grand Lodge officer while his mem- 
bership is passing from one Subordinate Lodge to another; 
saying when membership begins ; determining what names shall 
go upon obituary tablet; regulating the matter of attendance 
at funerals; the charging or not charging of a per capita tax 
upon Pages and Esquires, or of requiring Subordinates to pay 
same on suspended members; of determining the terms upon 
which Grand Lodges will furnish supplies to their Subordinates ; 
of saying what names shall appear in the Charter of a Grand 
Lodge at its organization, and provided it is not in conflict 
with the ritualistic work, or the Constitution of the Supreme 
Lodge may legislate upon the duties and terms of office of their 
officers. 

Until a Grand Lodge is organized, Subordinates are under the 
immediate control of the Supreme Lodge, and in such case the 



112 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

following instructions for their organization have been prescribed 
by the Supreme Lodge. (See Journal, 1877, PP- x 4> 54? 55-) 

General Instructions for Organization of New- 
Lodges of the Order of the Knights of Pythias. 

Subordinate Lodges come into existence by virtue of dispen- 
sations issued by the Supreme Chancellor, where no Grand Lodge 
exists, to establish a new Lodge. 

Said application must be accompanied by a fee of not less than 
fifteen dollars, and if coming from Knights, must be further 
accompanied by their cards of withdrawal from the Lodge or 
Lodges of which they were last members. 

In places where no Lodges of the Order exist, the applicants 
need not be Knights. 

In that case, they must be white male citizens of good moral 
character, sound in mind and body, and of the legal age pre- 
scribed by the laws of their place of residence. 

FORM OF PETITION. 

To the Supreme Chancellor of the Supreme Lodge Knights of Pythias of the 
World: 

The undersigned, residing in , and not within the Jurisdiction of any 

Grand Lodge of the Order, respectfully petition that a Dispensation may be 
granted them to establish a Lodge of the Order of the Knights of Pythias, to 

be located in County of and to be known as 

Lodge, No , of the Knights of Pythias, and under your immediate Juris- 
diction. 

(Signed) 



(Fee $15.00 herewith.) 

In all cases the necessary expenses of the instituting and 
installing officers must be paid by the applicants in addition to 
fees otherwise prescribed. 

General Instructions to Instituting Officer. 

The instituting officer, on reaching the place for instituting 
the new Lodge, will, as soon as possible, proceed to the discharge 
of his duties as follows : 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. II3 

1 st. He will examine the room proposed to be used very care- 
fully, and assure himself that it is secure in every way. 

2d. Having called together the applicants, he will, after show- 
ing his commission and the dispensation, use all possible means 
to satisfy himself of the identity of those present with the signers 
of the petition. 

3d. He will proceed to collect from each candidate the neces- 
sary fees for all of the Ranks. 

4th. He will then carefully exclude from the Lodge-room all 
not members of the Order, and will make all due preparations 
for conferring the Ranks. 

5th. He will then confer the Ranks of the Order on the ap- 
plicants as required by the Ritual. 

6th. He will then order an election of officers for the Lodge ; 
said election to be by ballot, and under his supervision. 

7th. He will duly install the officers elect. 

8th. He will declare the Lodge duly instituted as Lodge, 

No , of County, of , and 

9th. He will then, as soon as possible, make out his report, 
embodying a statement of the discharge of his duties as herein 
designated, and promptly forward same to the Supreme Chan- 
cellor. 

This latter duty must be performed as soon as the duties 
enumerated herein shall have been discharged ; there must be 
no delay ; all money collected, except so much as required for 
expenses, must be remitted with the report. 

BENEFITS. 

The Order being beneficial in its character, it is made the 
duty of every Subordinate Lodge to provide for the payment of 
certain weekly benefits to a member in case of his sickness or 
disability, and a funeral benefit to his family or relations in case 
of death. This duty upon the part of the Lodge is obligatory, 
and the Supreme Lodge has fixed the minimum amount to be 
paid in either case, viz., a weekly benefit of one dollar, and a 
funeral benefit of tiventy dollars. 

Subordinate Lodges may, and the most of them do, provide 
10* H 



114 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

for the payment of a larger amount as benefits than the minimum 
so fixed by the supreme law ; and to the extent of the benefit 
in excess of such minimum, it has been held by the Supreme 
Lodge that, with the consent of their Grand Lodges, Subordi- 
nates may prescribe a probationary period of membership before 
the payment of such excess sfrall begin or be obligatory. 

Whatever benefits are provided must be paid by each Lodge 
out of its own funds ; it cannot be done by a combination or 
association of Lodges. To provide the means to enable them to 
do this, each Lodge must charge and collect from its members 
what is denominated in the language of the Order as dues. 

DUES. 

The subject of dues, and the questions growing out of it, has 
been fruitful of much trouble and vexation and discord in Sub- 
ordinate Lodges, and produced no little confusion and uncer- 
tainty, for a time, at least, in the legislation of the Supreme Lodge. 
But at last the following principles and rules may be regarded as 
settled : 

i st. That the payment of the dues imposed by the By-Laws 
of a Subordinate Lodge is obligatory upon its members. 

2d. That a failure to pay such dues for the period prescribed 
by the local law (when not in conflict with the supreme law), for- 
feits the right of a member so failing to pay to all benefits. 

3d. That if a member becomes "one year in arrears" — that 
is to say, is "owing twelve months dues," — it is the duty of the 
Lodge of which he is a member to notify him that he is so in 
arrears, and have his suspension declared by the Chancellor 
Commander in open Lodge, and a record thereof entered upon 
the minutes of the Lodge. 

4th. That such declaration of suspension must be actually 
made, as without it there is no suspension. 

5 th. That until suspended for such non-payment of dues, a 
member has the right to tender the amount due, and the Lodge 
is bound to receive it. 

6th. That a member is said to be in "good standing" as re- 
gards dues until he is six months in arrears ; and when more 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT BOOK. 1 15 

than six months in arrears for dues, that he is not in " good 
standing." 

7th. Although the By-Laws of a Lodge may require dues to 
be paid in advance, a member failing or refusing to comply with 
such requirement cannot, for that reason, be declared " in 
arrears," or deprived of benefits, or denied the Semi-Annual 
Pass- Word. 

8th. That funeral dues and assessments may be added to the 
regular Lodge dues, for the purpose of working a forfeiture of 
both benefits and membership ; and Grand Lodges may allow 
their Subordinates to refuse to pay weekly benefits (except, of 
course, the minimum of one dollar) to any member who is " in 
arrears ' ' for fines or assessments of any character. 

9th. That the funeral benefit allowed by the By-Laws of a 
Lodge to the family of a deceased brother is a personal claim 
or benefit accruing to the family, immediately upon the death 
of the brother, and the. fact that all the funeral expenses may 
have been paid by a third party does not relieve the Lodge of 
its liability, or affect the right of the deceased brother's family 
to demand and receive such benefit. 

S. A. P. W. 

For the purpose of facilitating fraternal intercourse, as well 
as to protect the Order from imposition and fraud, the Supreme 
law authorizes the Supreme Chancellor to promulgate semi- 
annually a pass-word, which must be uniform throughout the 
Supreme jurisdiction. This pass-word the Supreme Chancellor 
may change and rescind whenever in his opinion the interests 
and safety of the Order require it. This pass-word is known 
as the " Semi-Annual Pass-Word."" 

The rights and privileges the possession of this word confers, 
and "how the right to it may be forfeited, have been the subject 
of much discussion, and a reference to some of the more im- 
portant rulings of the Supreme Lodge in regard to it may be 
both interesting and profitable. 

In 1875, tne Supreme Lodge said that the possession of the 
Semi-Annual Pass- Word would, "in connection with the usual evi- 



I 1 6 THE KNIGHTS OF P YTHIAS 

deuces of good standing, ' ' entitle the one so possessing it to be 
admitted to any Subordinate Lodge of the Order. 

Immediately upon this decision the question arose as to what 
the Supreme Lodge meant by "the usual evidences of good 
standing." The first authoritative answer to this inquiry was 
made by Supreme Chancellor Davis in 1876, who held that it 
meant " the official receipt for dues r,' 1 'which, he said, "was not 
only the usual, but that it was conclusive, evidence of good 
standing." In which position he was fully sustained by the 
Supreme Lodge. At the same time, and rather inconsistently, 
as it would seem, with the decision just quoted, Supreme Chan- 
cellor Davis went on to say, "that while a Chancellor Com- 
mander might, when an order was presented to him for the 
Semi -Annual Pass-Word, demand the production of such official 
receipt for dues ; that it could not be demanded of a visiting 
brother who was in possession of the Semi-Annual Pass- Word ; " 
thus nullifying, in fact, the effect of his decision first quoted. 

This, however, continued to be the rule until 1882, when it 
was changed by Supreme Chancellor Lindsay, who decided in 
substance " that in the case of a visiting brother, the Chancellor 
Commander of a Lodge, if he had any doubt as to the propriety 
of admitting the brother, has the right to demand the produc- 
tion of an official receipt or Travelling Shield." This is a very 
safe rule and wise precaution, and should be the practice in all 
cases where the visitor is unknown. 

This Pass- Word can only be given, or taken, or used in con- 
nection with and for the purpose of determining a member's 
right to sit in a Lodge when open in the Knight's Rank ; and 
one who is not in possession of it, or who is not entitled to it, 
under the local law of his jurisdiction, or who, being so en- 
titled, refuses to receive it, cannot remain in the Lodge-room, 
but must retire. 

In this connection it is well, perhaps, to call attention to 
what is regarded by many as a very unwise and unsafe practice 
growing out of the ruling of the Supreme Lodge, that the holder 
of a Withdrawal Card is entitled to the Semi-Annual Pass- Word 
for the term in which his card is issued, and, in the language of 



COMPL E TE MA NUA L A ND TEXT- BOOK. WJ 

the Supreme Lodge, " inferentially the right to visit Lodges 
during such term." 

It is to be hoped that at its next session the Supreme Lodge 
will change this ruling, and declare that taking a Withdrawal 
Card severs connection with the Order for the time being, and 
operates as a surrender of all the rights and privileges of mem- 
bership. 

These were evidently the views of Supreme Chancellor Wood- 
ruff upon this question, who, in 1880, based his endorsement of 
the ruling just cited entirely upon the supposition that the holder 
of the Withdrawal Card would, "of course," have the Semi- 
Annual Pass- Word for the term in which his card issued, but 
went on to declare, in very emphatic language, that the holder 
of such card would have no right to the new Semi-Annual 
Pass-Word when one should be promulgated. Supreme Chan- 
cellor Woodruff would, no doubt, have decided further, had it 
been necessary or proper in the case before him, that if the appli- 
cant for a Withdrawal Card was not in possession of the Semi- 
Annual Pass- Word at the time that he applied for a Withdrawal 
Card, if the card was granted, he would not be entitled to have 
it communicated to him. 

OFFICIAL RECEIPT. 

The Official Receipt heretofore referred to in this article is 
declared by the Supreme Lodge to be the only authoritative 
evidence of the payment of dues, assessments, and other claims 
of the Subordinate Lodge, as well as of membership and good 
standing in the Order. 

To this rule there is this exception, that as between the holder 
and the Lodge giving the Official Receipt it is not conclusive as 
against the Lodge. 

TRAVELLING SHIELD. 

A Travelling Shield was adopted by the Supreme Lodge in 
1874. It is a document issued by Subordinate Lodges to their 
members of the Knight's Rank, when applied for, and is evi- 



1 1 8 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

dence of the holder's good standing in his Lodge, and a letter 
of credit as well. 

The applicant for a Travelling Shield must pay his dues, in 
advance, for the entire period to be covered by the Shield, 
before it will be issued to him. 

In no case can a Travelling Shield be issued to the holder of 
a Withdrawal Card. 

As before stated, the Travelling Shield is a letter of credit, 
and the Supreme Lodge decided, at the St. Louis session, in 
1880, that when a Subordinate Lodge pays money to a member 
of another Lodge under a Relief or Travelling Shield, the 
Lodge of which the brother so relieved is a member is responsi- 
ble therefor, and should promptly discharge the liability ; but, 
if money is paid upon the individual request of a member of 
another Lodge, that such other Lodge is not responsible. 

For a time there was issued in connection with the Travelling 
Shield what was called the Annual Shield Word, but it did not 
seem to work satisfactorily, and in 1882, at the Detroit session 
of the Supreme Lodge, was abolished. 

TRIALS. 

Nothing is better settled than the right of every brother, 
against whom charges are preferred, to have a fair and impartial 
trial, and all summary proceedings affecting a member's rights 
and privileges are looked upon by the Supreme Lodge with dis- 
favor. And especially, is this so since the organization of the 
Endowment Rank, and so much more depends upon a brother's 
standing in his Lodge than formerly. 

The form of procedure in Subordinate Lodges in the trial of 
charges against a member is very generally prescribed in their 
Constitutions. 

In many of the Grand Lodge Constitutions there is no form 
of procedure prescribed for use in that body. When that is the 
case, the Supreme Lodge has provided a form of procedure, 
where charges are preferred against a Grand Lodge officer or 
officers elect. (See Revised Digest, page 39, .Section 298.) 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. II9 

UNIFORM— REGALIA. 

It has never been compulsory to uniform, and since the organ- 
ization of the Uniform Rank the old Knight's uniform has 
been almost entirely cast aside. 

So in the matter of regalia, since the amendments to the Con- 
stitution of the Supreme Lodge providing that "any Past Supreme 
officer, Supreme officer, Supreme Representative, Past Supreme 
Representative, Past Grand officer, Grand officer, Past Chancellor, 
and Subordinate Lodge officer and Knights wearing the jewel of 
his Rank on the left lapel of the coat in a Lodge, shall be con- 
sidered in full regalia," the jewel is supplanting everything else, 
and rapidly coming into general use. 

The want of some appropriate distinctive regalia for Knights, 
to be worn on public occasions, is very generally felt and 
recognized, and it is to be hoped that the Supreme Lodge will 
take the matter under consideration as early as possible. As 
it is now, it is almost impossible to induce members of the 
Subordinate Lodges to turn out in public, and loss of zeal and 
interest, and a falling off in membership, is the consequence in 
many localities. 

NEW RITUAL. 

At the session of 1882, the Ritual was placed in the hands of 
an able and accomplished special committee of the Supreme 
Lodge for revision. That committee performed the difficult 
task assigned to it in a very satisfactory manner, and the Order 
can congratulate itself upon now having a Ritual of which it 
need not be ashamed. For a time after it was promulgated, 
many of the older members of the Order, wedded to old forms 
and tenacious of old memories and traditions, were not favor- 
ably impressed with the new work, but this feeling is rapidly 
passing away, and the more the new work is tested and studied, 
the more its merits are being recognized and acknowledged. 



FORM OF INSTALLATION FOR SUBORDINATE 
LODGES, 

Adopted by the Supreme Lodge, Knights of Pythias, at its Ninth Annual Ses- 
sion held at Cleveland, Ohio, August if, 187 J. 



GENERAL DIRECTIONS. 

THE Installing Officer shall be the Grand Chancellor, or a 
Deputy appointed by him. If the Grand Chancellor officiates, 
the installation shall be declared to be in " Knightly and Chival- 
ric Form ; " if a Deputy officiates, it shall be declared to be in 
"Knightly Form." 

A Deputy shall be addressed as Grand Chancellor, and entitled 
to the same honors, while officiating as such. 

Any Supreme or Grand Officers, other than members of the 
Installing Officer's staff, who may be present, shall be seated at 
the head of the Lodge-room ; and members of the staff when 
relieved from their stations, shall be escorted by the Grand 
Master-at-Arms to that position. 

When the retiring officers of the Lodge vacate their stations, 
the Installing Officer — if unaccompanied by a Grand Inner and 
Outer Guard — shall appoint two members of the Lodge to fill 
those positions until the new officers of the Lodge are installed. 

In Public Installations a military salute shall be given previous 
to addressing a Grand Officer. If not uniformed, a military 
salute with the hand. 

When addressing the Installing Officer, and when addressed 
by him, the Grand Master-at-Arms shall salute that officer with 
his sword ; and during the administering of the obligations, he 
shall stand on the right of the obligor, with drawn sword. 



THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS, ETC. 12 1 

Seats shall .be placed right and left in front of the Installing 
Officer, for the Brethren who are to be installed. 

At Public Installations, the use of the signs and pass-words 
shall be dispensed with. The doors shall be thrown open, and 
the Inner Guard shall be stationed at the inner door, with drawn 
sword, where he will challenge and announce the Grand Master- 
at-Arms, using the same language as in Private Installations. 
The Grand Chancellor, or Installing Officer, will be saluted in 
public with a military salute, given with the right hand, and will 
answer in the same manner. At Private Installations no one 
shall be permitted to enter or leave the Lodge-room until the 
officers are installed, and the final proclamation made. 

INSTALLATION. 

[The Installing Officers enter the ante-room in the regular way and clothe 
themselves in the proper regalia, uniform, or insignia of their rank. The G. 
M. at A. works his way into the Lodge-room in the ordinary manner, and 
advancing to the altar will salute the C. C. in the usual manner ; or, if in 
public, with a military salute. In case the Installing Officer is specially ap- 
pointed, the G. M. at A. will read the commission. He will then say :] 

G. M. at A. Chancellor Commander, as Grand Master-at- 
Arms, I am here to inform you that the Grand Chancellor, with 
other Grand Officers, are in readiness to install the officers elect 
of this Lodge. You will, therefore, hold yourself prepared to 
receive them in proper form. 

C. C. (rising.) Grand Master-at-Arms, I thank you for your 
courteous notification, and will see that the appropriate honors 
are given. 

[The G. M. at A. salutes and retires. The C. C. gives one rap with his 
gavel and says :] 

C. C. Brother Master-at-Arms. 

M. at A. (rising.) Chancellor Commander. 

C. C. You will retire to the ante-room of this Castle Hall, 
and inform the Grand Chancellor that the Lodge awaits his 
pleasure. 

[The M. at A. retires, delivers the message, and returns. The Grand 
II 



122 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

Officers being ready to enter, the G. M. at A. will give the usual alarm. The 
I. G. will open the wicket, and say :] 

/. G. Who comes here ? 

G. M. at A. The Grand Chancellor. 

I. G. Vice Chancellor, the Grand Chancellor demands ad- 
mission to this Castle Hall. 

V. C. (rising.) Chancellor Commander, the Grand Chan- 
cellor demands admission. 

C. C. Let him be admitted without further challenge. 

[C. C. calls up the Lodge. The Grand Officers enter in the following order, 
if the Installing Officer is accompanied with a full delegation :] 

G. M. at A. with drawn sword. 

G. C. 

P. G. C. 

G. V. C. and G. P. 

G. M. of E. and G. K. of R. and S. 

G. I. G. and G. O. G. with drawn swords. 

[They advance to the altar, G. C. in the centre, and salute the C. C. The 
G. M. at A. will then say :] 

G. M. at A. Chancellor Commander, I have the pleasure of 
presenting to you Grand Chancellor . 

C. C. Brother Knights, advance the grand honors. 

G. C. Chancellor Commander, I am here for the purpose of 
installing the officers of this Lodge. Have they been legally 
elected ? 

C. C. They have. 

G. C. Have the requirements touching the bonds of officers, 
tribute, and returns, been complied with ? 

C. C. They have. 

[The G. M. at A. will escort the G. G. to the C. C.'s station, and return to 
the altar. The C. C. will deliver to the G. C. his gavel, who will give one 
rap and say :] 

G. C. Recover! By authority of the Grand Lodge of , 

I now assume control of this Lodge. The Officers of the Lodge 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 1 23 

will vacate their respective stations, and deliver to me, through 
the G. M. at A., the insignia of their office. 

[G. C. seats the Lodge, and requests the retiring C. C. to be seated at his 
right, and the Grand Officers to assume their respective positions. The G. 
M. at A. turns the altar towards the Prelate. The retiring C. C. will deliver 
his insignia the last, and will say :] 

C. C. Grand Chancellor, I surrender to you the insignia of 
my office, together with the Charter, books, and other property 
belonging to this Lodge, which were placed in my official keep- 
ing at the beginning of the term. 

G. C. Brother Knight, I congratulate you on the termination 
of your labors, which I trust have been for the benefit of this 
Lodge, and the Order at large, and now invest you with the 
Jewel which indicates your rank as Past Chancellor. It signifies 
that you have been faithful to your trust, and are entitled to wear 
the laurels won by service. The G. M. at A. will escort you to 
your station. 

[The G. C. will then read the list of officers as given in the returns, and 
each officer will answer to his name, and advancing to the front of the G. C. 
remain standing. Having called the roll, the G. C. will say:] 

G. C. Brother Knights, these are they whom we propose to 
install into the various offices of this Lodge, believing them to 
be competent to fill the same. Yet, if there be any objections, 
let them be stated now. 

[If any objection is made, the G. C. will inquire into the merits of the 
case, and may order a new election, over which he shall preside ; or postpone 
the installation until the next regular convention of the Lodge.] 

G. C. Officers elect, you will be seated. Grand Master-at- 
Arms, present the Chancellor Commander elect. 

G. M. at A. I present Brother Knight — , whom 

the members of this Lodge have elected Chancellor Commander 
for the ensuing term. 

G. C. Brother Knight , before installing you as 

C. C. of this Lodge, it is my duty to state to you that there are 
certain duties connected with the office with which you should at 
this time be made acquainted. 



124 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

It will be your duty to endeavor to promote the harmony, 
secure the permanency, and advance the interests of this Lodge 
and of the Order ; to prevent the admission into this Lodge of 
any person unworthy or incapacitated to become a member ; to 
open this Lodge for the transaction of business only when a 
quorum is present ; to admit no visitor who is unable to prove 
himself entitled to that privilege, according to the established 
formulas ; to preserve the ceremonies of the Order from change 
or innovation ; and to exact a rigid conformity to law, as pro- 
mulgated by the Supreme or Grand Lodge. It will be your duty 
to be careful and cautious in your behavior and decisions ; to 
deal courteously with your brethren, and guard faithfully the 
interests of this Lodge; to surrender the Charter and other 
property of this Lodge to your successor in office, the Grand 
Chancellor or his Deputy, or other legal authority when called 

upon to do so. Brother Knight , will you ratify these 

pledges upon your word of honor as a Knight? 

a c. i win. 

G. C. G. M. at A. escort our Brother to the Grand Prelate, 
who will receive his pledge of honor. 

G. M. at A. Grand Prelate, by direction of the Grand 

Chancellor, I present Brother Knight , that you may 

receive his pledge of honor as Chancellor Commander. 

G. P. Brother Knight , place your left hand over 

your heart, and your right hand upon our Book of Law, and 
repeat after me. 

[G. C. calls up the Lodge.] 

I, , before receiving the honors and assuming the 



duties of Chancellor Commander, do most sincerely promise upon 
my Knightly honor, that I will ever guard our Order from dis- 
grace, and shield it from any threatened wrong ; that I will hold 
it as my duty to enforce the law for violation of a pledge once 
given here, it matters not on whom the weight of punishment 
may fall ; that every duty of my office shall be performed to the 
best of my ability ; that I will never recognize any body as a 
ruling power, save it be the Grand or Supreme Lodge, Grand 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 1 25 

or Supreme Chancellor, g!uly chosen from the Castle Hall of any 
Jurisdiction, and in strict conformity with law. To all of which 
I pledge my Knightly honor. 

[G. C. seats the Lodge.] 

G. P. Grand Master-at-Arms, conduct the Brother to the 
Grand Chancellor. 

G. M. at A. Grand Chancellor, I present Brother Knight 

, who has given his pledge of honor as Chancellor 

Commander. 

G. C. Chancellor Commander, receive from me the Jewel 
of your office. Let the Helmet remind you that as the head of 
this Lodge you should govern with wisdom; the Shield, that 
you should protect our ceremonies from change or innovation ; 
and the Sword and Lance, that you should be ever ready to de- 
fend our Order or a Brother against wrong or injustice. You 
will be seated at our right. 

Brother Grand Master-at-Arms, present the Vice Chancellor 
elect. 

G. M. at A. Grand Chancellor, I present Brother Knight 
, who has been elected Vice Chancellor of this Lodge. 

G. C. Grand Master-at-Arms, escort the Brother elect to the 
Grand Prelate, who will receive his pledge of honor. 

G. M. at A. Grand Prelate,- by direction of the Grand 

Chancellor, I present Brother Knight , that you may 

receive his pledge of honor as Vice Chancellor. 

G. P. Brother Knight , place your left hand over 

your heart, and your right hand upon our Book of Law, and 
repeat after me. 

[G. C. calls up the Lodge.] 

I, , do most sincerely promise, upon my Knightly 

honor, that I will truly and faithfully perform the duties of Vice 
Chancellor of this Lodge for the ensuing term ; that I will assist 
the Chancellor Commander in preserving order, and in his absence 
will preside over the Lodge in a just and impartial manner ; 
that I will consider myself bound by the same promises and 



126 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

pledges as the Chancellor Commander, and will assist him in 
fulfilling the same ; that I will strive to prevent members of 
this Lodge from violating any of the fundamental principles of 
the Order. To the faithful performance of all of which I pledge 
my Knightly honor. 

[G. C. seats the Lodge.] 

G. P. Grand Master-at-Arms, escort the Brother to the 
Grand Chancellor. 

G. M. at A. Grand Chancellor, I present Brother Knight 
, who has given his pledge of honor as Vice Chancellor. 

G. C. Vice Chancellor, receive from me the Jewel of your 
office. The Helmet indicates to you that you are to govern 
your triangle with discretion ; the Shield, that you are to protect 
the Lodge from unwarranted intrusion ; and the Lance, that you 
are faithfully to uphold the laws and usages of the Order. 

Grand Master-at-Arms, escort the Vice Chancellor to his sta- 
tion, and present the Prelate elect to the Grand Prelate, who will 
receive from him his pledge of honor. 

[The Grand Master-at-Arms escorts the Vice Chancellor to his station, and 
relieving the Grand Vice Chancellor, escorts him to a seat at the left of the 
Grand Chancellor.] 

G. M. at A. Grand Prelate, I present Brother Knight 

, that you may receive his pledge of honor as Prelate. 

G. P. Brother Knight , place your left hand over 

your heart, and your right hand upon our Book of Law, and re- 
peat after me. 

[G. C. calls up the Lodge.] 

I, , do most sincerely promise, upon my Knightly 

honor, that I will truly and faithfully, to the best of my ability, 
perform the duties of Prelate of this Lodge for the ensuing term; 
that I will fully administer the obligations of the Ranks, neither 
adding thereto nor taking therefrom a word br line that may im- 
pair the meaning of the pledges ; that I will, by example and 
precept, endeavor to preserve the solemnity and increase the 















COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. \2J 

dignity of our rites and ceremonies. To the faithful perform- 
ance of all of which I pledge my Knightly honor. 

[G. C. seats the Lodge.] 

G. P. Grand Master-at-Arms, escort the Brother to the Grand 
Chancellor. 

G. M. at A. Grand Chancellor, I present Brother Knight 
, who has given his pledge of honor as Prelate. 

G. C. Brother Prelate, receive from me the Jewel of your 
office. It represents our Book of Law, resting upon a circle, the 
emblem of eternity, and teaches us that the principles of our 
Order, drawn from the sacred volume, are imperishable. 

Grand Master-at-Arms, escort the Prelate to a seat at the right 
of the Grand Prelate, and present the Master of Exchequer, 
Master of Finance, and Keeper of Records and Seal to the Grand 
Prelate, that he may receive their pledge of honor. 

G. M. at A. Grand Prelate, I present Brothers , 

, and , who have been elected as Master of 



Exchequer, Master of Finance, and Keeper of Records and 
Seal of this Lodge, that you may receive their pledge of honor. 
G. P. Brethren, you will each place your left hand over your 
heart, and your right hand upon our Book of Law, and repeat 
after me. 

[G. C. calls up the Lodge.] 

I, , in the presence of my Brother Knights, whose 

trust has been reposed in me, do most sincerely promise, on my 
Knightly honor, that I will truly and faithfully, to the best of 
my ability, perform the duties of the office to which I have been 
elected ; and will be guided in all my transactions by the prin- 
ciples of equity and justice. To the true and faithful perform- 
ance of all of which I pledge my Knightly honor. 

[G. C. seats the Lodge.] 

G. P. Grand Master-at-Arms, escort the Brethren to the 
Grand Chancellor. 

G. M. at A. Grand Chancellor, I present these Brother 



128 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

Knights, who have given their pledge of honor for the faithful 
performance of the duties of their respective offices. 

G. C. Master of Exchequer, receive from me the Jewel of 
your office. The Crossed Keys signify that to your care is con- 
fided the treasury of this Lodge. May your fidelity win for you 
that greatest of all treasures — a good name. 

Grand Master-at-Arms, escort the Brother to his station. 

[The G. M. at A. escorts the M. of E. to his station, and the G. M. of E. 
to a seat at the right of the G. C.] 

G. C. Brother Master of Finance, receive from me the Jewel 
of your office. The Crossed Pen and Key will remind you of 
your duty — to keep accurately the accounts, and guard well the 
funds entrusted to you. May you perform those duties zealously, 
carefully, and acceptably to your Brother Knights. 

Grand Master-at-Arms, escort the Brother to his station. 

[The G. M. at A. escorts the M. of F. to his station, and the G. M. of F. 
to a seat at the right of the G. C] 

G. C. Brother Keeper of Records and Seal, receive from me 
the Jewel of your office. The Crossed Pens will remind you of 
your duty to faithfully record the doings of this Lodge. May 
you perform that duty so that you shall merit the approval of 
your Brother Knights. 

Grand Master-at-Arms, escort the Brother to his station. 

[The G. M. at A. escorts the K. of R. and S. to his station, and the G. K. 
of R. and S. to a seat at the right of the G. C.] 

G. C. The Chancellor Commander will appoint the Master- 
at-Arms, Inner Guard and Outer Guard (unless they shall have 
been previously elected), and four Attendants. 

G. C. Brother Master-at-Arms, receive from me the Jewel 
of your office. The Sword will remind you that to you is en- 
trusted the guardianship of the property of this Lodge ; the 
Lance, that your deportment will be such as will uphold the 
dignity of our ceremonials ; and the Battle Axe, that you will 
stand ready to aid the Chancellor Commander in enforcing the 
laws of the Order. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 1 29 

[The G. M. at A. escorts the M. at A. to his station.] 

G. C. Brother Inner and Outer Guards, receive from me the 
Jewel of your office. Keep faithful watch as becomes the office 
of a Guard. 

[The G. M. at A. escorts the Inner and Outer Guards to their posts, and 
the Grand Inner and Outer Guards to seats.] 

G. C. Brethren, you are appointed by the Chancellor Com- 
mander as Attendants for the ensuing term.. It will be your 
duty to assist the M. at A. in the initiation of candidates and 
conferring the several Ranks. You will now be seated. 

[If any remarks are intended by the G. C., this is an appropriate time.] 

G. C. Chancellor Commander, I now deliver into your official 
keeping the Charter of this Lodge, its Book of Law, and Swords 
of Defence, together with the books and other property belong- 
ing to this Lodge. • 

Grand Master-at-Arms, officially proclaim the officers of this 
Lodge installed. 

[G. C. calls up the Lodge.] 

[The G. M. at A. will draw his sword and advance to the altar, and arrang- 
ing the altar to face the G. C., will say :] 

G. M. at A. In the name of Friendship, Charity, and Benevo- 
lence, and by direction of the Grand Chancellor of the Grand 

Jurisdiction of , Knights of Pythias, I proclaim the officers 

of Lodge, No. — , legally installed in form. 

G. C. Chancellor Commander, I now present you this Gavel, 
the emblem of your authority, and bid you assume your station. 

[C. C. seats the Lodge.] 

[The G. C. will now deliver the S. A. P. W. to the C. C] 

I 



THE UNIFORM RANK. 



THE kind reception of this branch of the Order by the chi- 
valric Knights of the country, leads the author to the con- 
clusion that a carefully prepared history of its origin and 
institution would prove of interest to them. The following pe- 
tition was presented to the Grand Lodge of Ohio, viz. : 

In accordance with instructions of the Grand Lodge of Ohio at its last 
session, May, 1877, the undersigned Representatives beg leave to present the 
following as the action of the Grand Lodge : 

Whereas, There are a large number of Knights who have conformed to the 
rules of the Order, and procured uniforms in accordance therewith; now we, 
the undersigned, members of the Order, do hereby petition your honorable 
body to instruct your Representatives to the Supreme Lodge to use their influ- 
ence in establishing a higher Rank or Ranks, wherein no member shall be 
admitted without having procured the uniform of the Order. 

The petition above was referred to the Committee on the State 
of the Order, which committee, after due consideration, made 
the following report, which was adopted by the Grand Lodge : 

Your Committee to whom was referred the petition of three hundred 
Knights in good standing, asking this Grand Lodge to instruct the Supreme 
Representatives to use their influence in establishing a higher Rank or Ranks, 
wherein no member shall be admitted without having procured the uniform 
of our Order, 

Resolved, That the petition be referred to our Supreme Representatives, 
requesting them to use their utmost zeal in procuring the same, and encourage 
the above movement now pending in the Supreme Lodge. 

L. Firestone. 

A. C. Ulrich. 
— (See S. L. Journal, 1877, p. 1408.) 

On the 1 7th day of Aug., 1877, Representative Van Valkenburg, 

130 



THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS, ETC. 131 

of Iowa, from the Committee on the State of the Order, offered 
the following, which was adopted : 

Whereas, The oldest and most successful of the leading secret fraternities 
known to us' appears to warrant the conclusion that the occasional addi- 
tion of higher bodies leads to increased prosperity ; and Whereas, There 
is an increasing number of our Order who feel that the speedy addition of 
such higher body to this Order would be of material benefit ; and, Whereas, 
The sale of rituals, charters, and other supplies would create a new source of 
revenue to the Supreme Lodge ; therefore, 

Resolved, That the Supreme Chancellor appoint a committee of five to pre- 
pare a Ritual, Constitution, etc., for the proper organization of such higher 
body, under control of the Supreme Lodge, into which the Rank proposed by 
Representative Firestone, of Ohio, be incorporated. 

S. P. Oyler. 
Chas. D. Lucas. 

STANSBURY J. WlLLEY. 

Jno. Van Valkenburg. 
— (See S. L. Journal, 1877, P- I 44 2 -) 

On the same day the Supreme Chancellor appointed Represen- 
tatives Van Valkenburg, of Iowa, Monell, of Nebraska, Dann, of 
California, Willey, of Delaware, and Supreme Prelate Lucas, as 
Committee on Uniform Rank, to report at the next regular ses- 
sion. — (See S. L. Journal, 1877, p. 1457.) 

In his excellent, learned, and exhaustive report, Supreme 
Chancellor Davis says: "I informed the chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Uniform Rank that a complete report will be expected 
at this session, as it seems to be generally desired that it be 
adopted. I earnestly hope the report of the Committee on the 
Ritual and Laws for this Rank will be so well prepared that 
there will be no occasion for controversy, and that the method of 
bringing it into operation will be clearly denned." — (See S. L. 
Journal, 1878, pp. 1504-5.) 

On the 30th day of Aug., 1878, Representative Monell, of 
Nebraska, from the Special Committee appointed at the last ses- 
sion on Uniform Rank, presented the following report, which, 
with the proposed Ritual, General Laws, and Constitution 
accompanying it, were made the special order for to-morrow 
morning at nine o'clock. 



I32 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

Your Special Committee, to whom was referred the matter of preparing 
Ritual, Constitution, and General Laws for a Uniform Rank, beg leave to 
submit the following report: 

Your Committee are aware of the possible necessity for some trifling alter- 
ations, in a few minor details, of phraseology, in the Ritual herewith submit- 
ted, when making the final preparation thereof for printing. In order, there- 
fore, that the same may, with its General Laws and Constitution, be promul- 
gated without delay, they would report the following : 

Resolved, That there be appointed a special committee of five, to consist of 
Justus H. Rathbone, P. S. C. and Founder of the Order, the Supreme Chan- 
cellor, Supreme Vice Chancellor, and Supreme Keeper of Records and Seal, 
and one of the present committee, whose duty it shall be to perfect the 
accompanying Ritual, for the Uniform Rank of the Order, in all of its details, 
and to cause the same to be printed and promulgated as soon as practicable ; 
to cause to be printed and promulgated the General Laws and Constitution 
governing the said Uniform Rank, as the same may be adopted by this 
Supreme Lodge, and to have prepared the necessary books, blanks, seals, 
secret work, and other supplies required by the laws of this Rank, to be 
furnished by the Supreme Lodge. 

In conclusion, your Committee beg leave to acknowledge their sense of 
obligation to Brother Justus H. Rathbone, P. S. C. and Founder of the Order, 
for the valuable assistance he has, at their request, rendered to them in the 
preparation of their report, more especially in the matter of the Ritual, all of 
which is his work, and for which service they heartily unite in rendering him 
their sincere thanks. 

Jno. Van Valkenburg. 

STANSBURY J. WlLLEY. 

John J. Monell, Jr. 
F. P. Dann. 
Chas. D. Lucas. 
— (See S. L. Journal, 1878, p. 1652.) 

On the 31st day of Aug., 1878, the special order, being the 
report of the Committee on Uniform Rank, was then taken up 
and considered. After discussion, on motion of Representative 
Linton, of Pennsylvania, it was ordered that the Rank be read, 
and that the Rank and report be laid on the table until the next 
session. — (See S. L. Journal, 1878, p. 1657.) 

On the same day Supreme Representative Cotter, of Kentucky, 
offered the following resolution, which was adopted : 

Resolved, That the report of Committee on Uniform Rank, now on the 



t COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT- BO OK. 1 33 

table, be taken therefrom, and, together with the Ritual, be referred back to 
the same committee, together with the Supreme Chancellor, Supreme Vice 
Chancellor, and Supreme Keeper of Records and Seal, to be examined by 
them, amended if necessary, fully perfected, and promulgated to the member- 
ship at the earliest moment. 

—(See S. L. Journal, 1878, p. 1676.) 

The Supreme Chancellor then stated that the Committee on 
Uniform Rank would meet at Baltimore, Maryland, on Septem- 
ber 13, 1878, whereupon Supreme Prelate Lucas, Representa- 
tives Van Valkenburg, of Iowa, Willey, of Delaware, and Mo- 
nell, of Nebraska, tendered their resignations as members of the 
committee, on account of being unable to be present at that 
time. 

The Supreme Chancellor then appointed Past Supreme Chan- 
cellor Rathbone, and Representatives Ward, of New Jersey, 
Kennedy, of Ohio, Mulcahy, of Nevada, to fill the vacancies. 
— (See S. L. Journal, 1878, p. 1677.) 

On the 1st day of November, 1878, P. P. XV., the Supreme 
Chancellor K. of P. of the World issued an official circular, as 
follows, to wit : 

Office of Supreme Chancellor, K. of P. of the World. 
Macon, Ga., Nov. 1, 1878, P. P. XV. 
To all Members of the Order, Knights of Pythias, wherever established. 

Greeting : Due notice having been received from the " Special Commit- 
tee on the Uniform Rank," of the completion of the laws and work for the 
Rank, and the proper officers having in preparation all printed work and other 
material necessary for the institution and working of Divisions of this Rank : 

Now, therefore, I, D. B. Woodruff, Supreme Chancellor of the Supreme 
Lodge, do issue this Official Circular, authorizing the promulgation of the 
Uniform Rank, and the Ritual of this Rank, written by Justus H. Rathbone, 
the Founder of the Order of Knights of Pythias. The Uniform Rank is 
entirely separate and distinct from the other Ranks of the Order, having its 
own Ritual and officers, and receiving its authority direct, and being under 
the exclusive control of the Supreme Lodge of the Knights of Pythias of the 
World. 

No additional Rank in the Order is gained by holding membership or 

official station therein; neither are there any honors conferred, beyond those 

of a temporary character. It may be termed an ornamental branch of our 

Order ; and, to meet the wants of a large and constantly increasing number 

12 



134 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

of Knights who had procured uniforms of the Order, the Supreme Lodge, in 
its wisdom, have authorized the proper organization of such a Rank. Printed 
blank applications for Divisions of this Rank must be signed by not less than 
twenty-seven Knights in good standing in their Lodges, and before the Divi- 
sion can be instituted, each applicant must procure the prescribed uniform of 
the Rank, and exhibit to the Instituting Officer the " official receipt" for dues 
in his Lodge at the time the Division is instituted. An application for a 
Division of this Rank must be forwarded direct to the Supreme Chancellor, 
accompanied with the sum of thirty dollars, for warrant and supplies to be 
furnished by the Supreme Keeper of Records and Sea). Said sum to be by 
postal order or cashier s draft. The expenses of the Instituting Officer must 
also be paid by the Division when instituted. Divisions will be numbered 
consecutively in each Grand Jurisdiction, in order as applications for them 
may be received. Blank applications for Divisions are now ready, and may 
be obtained from the Supreme Chancellor and the Supreme Keeper of Records 
and Seal, and any information ' in connection therewith will be cheerfully 
given. The ritualistic work and ceremonies of this Rank are of a semi- 
military order, and embrace many features that are interesting, and which 
appears to warrant the conclusion, in the minds of those who have seen it, 
that it will lead to increased prosperity in our Chivalric Order. 

The laws governing the Rank are herewith submitted, and I do enjoin 
upon all Knights of Pythias a careful consideration of the same, in order that 
the requirements therein contained may be observed. In conclusion, I desire 
to acknowledge, with gratitude, the valuable services of the Special Commit- 
tee on Uniform Rank, whereby the labors of your executive have been 
lessened, and a more speedy result obtained. And now, trusting and believ- 
ing that the introduction of this Rank will result in an increased interest 
among the members of the Order universal, 

I am Fraternally, in F. C. B., 

[L. S.] D. B. Woodruff, Supreme Chancellor. 

— (See S. L. Journal, 1878, pp. 1697-8.) 

The first Division of the Uniform Rank was organized at 
Columbus, Ohio, November 9, 1878, by Supreme Chancellor D. 
B. Woodruff. The last warrant was granted to a Division in 
New York city on May 8, 1884, P. P. XXI. There have been 
two hundred and twenty warrants granted, in thirty-one jurisdic- 
tions, and the membership now is ten thousand. 

The Grand Division of Illinois was organized on September 
29, 1882, by Sir Knight Eugene C. Race, S. R. The following 
was the first board of officers, to wit : 






COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 1 35 

Grand Commander — Sir Knight E. L. Brand. 

First Assistant Grand Cominander — Sir Knight T. P. Streeter. 

Second Assistant Grand Com?nander — Sir Knight A. J. Elvig. 

Adjutant — Sir Knight C. A. Sullard. 

Quartermaster — Sir Knight George W. Schuessler. 

Surgeon — Sir Knight C. A. Palmer. 

Chaplain — Sir Knight John Gabrieal. 

The Grand Division of Indiana was organized October 2, 
1882, by Sir Knight James R. Carnahan, S. R. The first officers 
were as follows, to wit : 

Grand Conwiander — Sir Knight Jas. R. Carnahan. 

First Assistant Grand Co?nmander — Sir Knight J. E. Kirk. 

Second Assistant Grand Commander — Sir Knight John M. 
Glass. 

Adjutant — Sir Knight Joseph R. Forbes. 

Quartermaster — Sir Knight Fred. H. Erman. 

Surgeon — Sir Knight Edward Z. Cole. 

Chaplain — Sir Knight Robert McClure, D. D. 

The Grand Division of Missouri was organized by Sir Knight 
Jno. A. Lacey, S. R. The following was the first corps of 
officers, to wit : 

Grand Commander — Sir Knight P. J. Carmody. 

Assistant Grand Commander — Sir Knight Frank Parsons. 

Adjutant — Sir Knight Francis Poupeny, Jr. 

Quartermaster — Sir Knight S. B. Prevost. 

Surgeon — Sir Knight J. C. Hickerson, M. D. 

Chaplain — Sir Knight Rev. Jno. Gierlow, D. D. 

On October 26, 1882, Sir Knight Commander Howard Doug- 
las instituted the Grand Division of Ohio, with the following 
named Sir Knights as first board of officers, to wit : 

Grand Commander — Sir Knight Henry Heinmiller. 

First Assistant Grand Commander — Sir Knight James F. 
Shumate. 

Second Assistant Grand Commander — Sir Knigbt Henry 
Daniels. 

Adjutant — Sir Knight Edward J. Dowdall. 

Quartermaster — Sir Knight S. A. Cuort. 



136 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

Surgeon — Sir Knight J. F. Armstrong, M. D. 

Chaplain — Sir Knight J. Daniel Knerr. 

Hon. H. S. Sanford, S. R., of Jackson, Michigan, organized 
the Grand Division of Michigan on January 16, 1883. The 
following named Sir Knights were elected, and duly installed as 
first officers of said Grand Division, to wit : 

Grand Commander — Sir Knight John R. Bennett. 

Assistant Grand Commander — Sir Knight Henry F. Hastings. 

Adjutant — Sir Knight Chas. A. Mack. 

Quartermaster — Sir Knight Cyrus W. Higby. 

Surgeon — Sir Knight Samuel Kitchen, M. D. 

Chaplain— Rev. W. S. Whitmarsh. 

Judge J. C. Nott, of Albany, New York, instituted the Grand 
Division of New York on March 21, 1883, and duly installed 
as the first officers thereof the following, to wit : 

Grand Commander — Sir Knight Henry Hoyns. 

Assistant Grand Commander — Sir Knight C. L. Kelly. 

Adjutant — Sir Knight C. H. Burdick. 

Quartermaster — Sir Knight J. W. Windecker. 

Surgeon — Sir Knight M. J. Schweikert, M. D.» 

Chaplain — Sir Knight J. A. Murry. 

The Grand Division of Kansas was duly instituted by Hon. J. 
H. Lyon, S. R., on the nth day of October, 1883. The fol- 
lowing list of officers was elected and duly installed by the 
Instituting Officer, to wit : 

Grand Commander — Sir Knight H. S. Kelsey. 

First Assistant Grand Commander — Sir Knight J. H. Abbott. 

Second Assistant — Sir Knight L. M. Woodcock. 

Adjutant— Six Knight F. D. Krebs. 

Quartermaster — Sir Knight Bestor G. Brown. 

Surgeon — Sir Knight Ed. R. Lang. 

Chaplain — Sir Knight J. C. Henstis. 

The Grand Division of Iowa was instituted on the 25th day 
of October, 1883, by S. V. C. Van Valkenburg. The following 
officers were elected and installed, to wit : 

Grand Commander — Col. B. A. Beeson, Marshalltown. 

First Assistant Grand Commander — J. M. Hoag, Maquoketa, 






COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 1 37 

Second Assistant Grand Commander — J. C. Loper, Des 

Moines. 

Adjutant — Al. Hilbert, Fairfield. 

Quartermaster — J. W. Green, Davenport. 

Surgeon — S. A. Spelman, Ottumwa. 

Chaplain— -W. S. Wilkins, Sioux City. 

An application for a Division of this Rank must be forwarded 
direct to the Supreme Chancellor, accompanied by the sum of 
thirty dollars for warrant and supplies to be furnished by the 
Supreme Keeper of Records and Seal. Said sum to be by postal 
order or cashier's draft. The expenses of the Instituting Officer 
must also be paid by the Division ; the supplies which are furnished 
for the fee of thirty dollars accompanying the application are as 
follows : Warrant, four Rituals, Seal, official shoulder knots for 
Sir Knights, Commander, Lieutenant-Commander and Herald, 
chevrons for Sir Knights, Recorder, Treasurer, Guard, and 
Sentinel, and three copies of the Official Manual of Drill and 
Tactics. The new tactics comprises the ' ' School of the Knight, ' ' 
"Grand Division," "Brigade and Corps," "A Sword Manual 
of about fifty Movements," "Fancy Drill Movements," "In- 
structions for Officers," "For Parades," " Guards of Honor," 
"Guard Mounting," "Escorts of Honor," "Presentations," 
" Receiving of Incoming and Departing Organizations," "School 
of Axe and Spearmen," etc. In size about three and one-fourth 
inches wide and five inches in length, and about two hundred 
pages, and illustrated with plates of all the more difficult move- 
ments ; extra copies, $1. When lots of ten and less than thirty 
are ordered, a discount of ten per cent. ; and on lots of thirty 
or more, twenty per cent, is allowed. 

Rank Discharges, twenty-five cents each, sold only to Di- 
visions, by the Supreme Keeper of Records and Seal. 

AMENDMENTS. 

At the last session of the Supreme Lodge, held in the city of 

Detroit, Michigan, August, 1882, the following amendments to 

the General Laws of the Uniform Rank, K. of P., were adopted, 

and the Committee on Uniform Rank instructed to prepare speci- 



138 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

fications for officers of the Rank in accordance with Art. 4, 
Sec. 6. 

Section 1 of Article II. of General Laws was amended by 
adding after the word "Lodges" as follows: "and shall also 
contain a certificate that no one of said applicants has been re- 
jected by a Division of the Uniform Rank at any time within 
the preceding six months." 

Section 2 of Article III. of General Laws was amended so 
that ten shall be a quorum. 

ARTICLE IV. 

GRAND DIVISIONS. 

Section i. Whenever five Divisions of the Uniform Rank 
shall have been organized in any Grand Jurisdiction of the 
Knights of Pythias, said Division shall be organized into a Grand 
Division, the Grand Division to be subdivided into Regimental 
Divisions, as hereinafter provided. 

Sec. 2. The officers of a Grand Division shall be as follows: 

1st. For a Grand Division composed of less than eight separate 
Divisions, there shall be a Grand Commander, who shall rank 
as a Lieutenant- Colonel in the army, one Assistant Grand Com- 
mander, who shall rank as a Major, an Adjutant, a Surgeon, a 
Chaplain, and a Quartermaster. 

2d. For a Grand Division consisting of eight and not more 
than ten separate Divisions, the officers shall be a Grand Com- 
mander with rank as Colonel in the army, a first Assistant Grand 
Commander with rank as Lieutenant-Colonel, a second Assistant 
with rank as Major, an Adjutant, a Surgeon, a Chaplain, and 
Quartermaster. 

3d. All officers of a Grand Division shall have the same powers 
and duties as officers of like grade and position in the army. 

Sec. 2. Ten divisions shall constitute and be known as a Regi- 
ment of the Grand Division, and each division shall take its 
place in Regiment according to seniority in organization, accord- 
ing to the manner and rules of the Army of the United States. 

Sec. 3. As soon as one Regimental Division shall have been 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. * 39 

organized in any Grand Jurisdiction, then the Second Regimental 
Division shall be organized to consist of not less than five nor 
more than ten Divisions, each Regimental Division to be num- 
bered as First, Second, or Third Regiment, according to date 
of organization. The order of position in line of march shall 
be according to date of organization of Regiment. Officers of 
Regimental Divisions and Divisions shall take rank and prece- 
dence according to date at which their separate commands were 
organized. 

Sec. 4. The officers of each Regimental Division shall be 
elected by the Sir Knight and Vice Commanders, and Sir Knight 
Heralds of the several Divisions composing said Regimental 
Division, and the result of said election shall be reported to the 
Supreme Chancellor, who shall cause commissions to be issued 
to each officer. The term of office shall be for three years from 
date of election. The form of commission shall be prepared by 
the Supreme Chancellor and Supreme Keeper of Records and 
Seal, and shall bear their official signature and seal of the Su- 
preme Lodge. Each officer so commissioned shall pay to the 
Keeper of Records and Seal the sum of one dollar for the benefit 
of the Supreme Lodge. 

Sec. 5. The Supreme Chancellor shall, when the requisite 
number of Divisions are organized in any Grand Jurisdiction, 
call together the officers of Divisions named in Section 4, for 
the purpose of electing the officers and organization of the Regi- 
mental Division, and shall designate the officer to preside and 
conduct said election and organization, and such officer shall 
within ten days thereafter make a complete report of the pro- 
ceedings of such organization to the Supreme Chancellor. 

Sec. 6. The uniform coat and pants of the officers of the Uni- 
form Rank shall be of blue black cloth, and shall be of the same 
form and pattern as officers of like position and command in the 
United States Army, using the buttons of the U. R. 

SPECIFICATIONS. 

• Coat. — All officers shall wear a double-breasted frock coat, 
the skirt to extend one-half the distance from the hip joint to the 
bend of the knee. 



HO THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

For Grand Commanders and Assistant Grand Commanders, 
two rows of buttons on the breast, nine (9) buttons in each row 
placed at equal distances ; the distance between each row five 
and one-half (5$) inches at the top, and three and one-half (32) 
inches at the bottom. Stand-up collar, not less than one, or 
more than two inches in height, to hook in front at the bottom 
and slope thence upward and backward at an angle of thirty (30 
degrees ; on each side corners rounded. Three small buttons ai 
the under seam of the cuff, set one inch apart ; pockets in the 
folds of the skirts, with two buttons at the hip and one at the 
lower end of each side edge of pockets, making four on the back 
and skirt of coat. 

For Sir Knights Commander, Lieutenant-Commander, Herald, 
Chaplain, Adjutant, and Quartermaster the same as for a Grand 
Commander, except that there shall be seven (7) buttons in each 
row on the breast. 

This coat shall be worn on all dress occasions, such as Reviews, 
Inspections, Dress parades, and Public parades. 

Buttons. — The same as now worn by the Uniform Rank K. 
of P. 

Trowsers. — Fof all officers shall be of blue black cloth — plain, 
without stripe, welt or cord. 

Sec. 7. The insignia of the officers of the Uniform Rank shall 
be a shoulder knot of the same form and style worn by officers 
of like position and command of the United States Army* with 
the addition thereto of the emblem and colors of the Rank. 

SPECIFICATIONS. 

Gold cord, Russian pattern, on scarlet velvet— with insignia 
of official rank embroidered on the velvet ground. For Grand 
Commander, a silver embroidered eagle at the centre of the pad, 
surmounted by a silver embroidered lily. 

For First Assistant Grand Commanders, two silver embroidered 
leaves, one at each end of the pad, with silver embroidered lily 
in centre of pad upright. 

For Second Assistant Grand Commanders, same as First As- 
sistant, except that the leaf shall be gold instead of silver. 



i 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. I4I 

For Sir Knight Commander, two silver bars across each end 
of pad, with silver embroidered lily in centre upright. 

For Sir Knight Lieutenant-Commander, same as Sir Knight 
Commander, except that there shall be but one silver embroidered 
bar across each end. Adjutant and Quartermaster the same. 

For Sir Knight Herald, same as Sir Knight Commander, ex- 
cept that there shall be no bars. 

For Chaplain, same, except there shall be silver embroidered 
cross at each end of pad. 

Sec. 8. The officers of Regimental Divisions shall wear the 
white helmet now in use in the United States Army for officers, 
surmounted with a white and black fountain plume. 

Body of cork, covered with white facing cloth top piece, spike, 
chain, chin strap, all of gilt. Oval scarlet velvet shield, two and 
three-quarter inches in length, and two and one-quarter inches 
in breadth at centre, gold embroidered around the edge, with 
upright silver embroidered lily in the centre. 

Plume nine inches in length, the upper half white, lower half 
black, screwed into the spike socket, the feathers of the plume 
falling down over the top of helmet. 

Sec. 9. All the officers of Regimental Divisions and the Sir 
Knight Commanders, Lieutenant-Commanders and Heralds of 
each Grand Jurisdiction shall constitute the Grand Division, and 
the senior officers present shall preside at the meeting of the 
Grand Division. In the meetings of the Grand Division each 
member thereof shall appear in the full uniform of his rank. 

Sec. 10. The Grand Division shall meet each year at the time 
and place of meeting of the Grand Lodge of their Grand Juris- 
diction, and shall forward a report of their proceedings to the 
Supreme Chancellor, through the Supreme Keeper of Records 
and Seal, for approval, and all proceedings had by such Grand 
Division, and so approved as not in conflict with the laws of the 
Supreme Lodge, shall govern and control said Grand Division. 

Sec. 11. Each Grand Division shall adopt a Constitution for 
its own government, and the government of each subordinate 
branch thereof, which Constitution shall be in accordance with 
the provisions of the Supreme Lodge, and the laws enacted by 



142 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

the Supreme Lodge for the government of the Uniform Rank, 
and such Constitution shall be in full force and effect from and 
after its approval by the Supreme Chancellor. 

Sec. 12. All Divisions in excess of a Regimental Division in 
any Grand Jurisdiction shall be attached to the senior Regi- 
mental organization for the purpose of drill and parade only, 
until five Divisions shall be organized, when an additional Regi- 
mental organization shall be made, and Divisions as organized 
shall be attached thereto until the number reaches ten, when the 
full Regimental Division shall be complete. 

Sec. i of Article V. of General Laws was amended to read 
as follows: " Sec. i. The meetings of the Division of the Uni- 
form Rank shall be attended by the members thereof in full or 
fatigue uniform as and whenever so ordered by the Sir Knight 
Commander, who may dispense with the formal opening and 
closing ceremonies except in conferring of the Rank." 

Sec. i, Article V., was amended by the addition of the fol- 
lowing : "Provided, That each Division may adopt a fatigue 
uniform, to be worn at the business or drill meetings of the 
Division." 

Article V. changed to Article VI., and Article VI. to Article 
VII. 

The following resolution relative to Helmets was adopted : 
"Resolved, That all Divisions of the Uniformed Rank hereafter 
organized adopt the nickel plated helmets, now in use, instead 
of the black helmet, and that Divisions already organized be 
permitted to exchange the black for the nickel plated helmet at 
their pleasure." 

DECISIONS. 

ist. Divisions in Uniform, when making visitations to Lodges 
in session, will be required to wear the prescribed Jewel of the 
Order, as the Uniform alone does not entitle them to admittance 
or recognition. 

2d. Members of the Uniform Rank will not wear the uniform 
upon any occasion, unless they have permission to do so by the 
commanding officer, or are under orders. 






COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 1 43 

3d. Members of the Uniform Rank, with the consent of the 
Sir Knight Commander, may wear the uniform when attending 
their Lodges, but they must wear the prescribed Jewel of the 
Order upon their left breast. 

4th. Divisions have the right to draft By-Laws not inconsistent 
with the General Laws ; provide a revenue by dues or assessments, 
impose fines upon officers and members, for cause, and prescribe 
their own order of business. 

5th. Application for an honorable discharge must be made to 
the Division, and submitted to a vote, which, if decided by 
granting the discharge, his connection is severed, and he is no 
longer subject to future dues or fines. 

6th. In localities where one or more Divisions already exist, 
an application for a new Division does not have to be accom- 
panied by the consent of the Divisions established. 

" The 30th day of August in each and every year is designated 
as the anniversary day of the Uniform Rank, which, together 
with the 19th day of February, or 'Pythian Period,' may be 
observed by parade ; and other parades may be called at the dis- 
cretion of the Sir Knight Commander of the Division." 

Attendance at drill and parades, and deportment of members 
while in uniform and on duty, shall be regulated by By-Laws of 
Divisions, and such fines imposed as may be required to insure 
efficiency, or that may be deemed to the interest of Divisions. 

It is unlawful for persons who have not obtained the Uniform 
Rank to wear any part of the insignia or dress of the Rank, and 
for such violation are liable to prosecution in their respective 
Lodges. 



^MM 



144 



THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 






PETITION FOR A DIVISION OF THE UNIFORM 

RANK. 

&o % ^np«me Chancellor, Officers mtb HUmtars of % JSupreme ^obge of tjn 
Morlb, % off. 

The undersigned, Uniformed Knights in good standing of the Order, peti- 
tion you to grant a Warrant to establish a Division of the Uniform Rank, 

Knights of Pythias, at , County of , 

State of , to be known as 

Division, No , Uniform Rank, under your Special Jurisdiction; and 

we pledge our knightly honor, That we will conform to and abide 
by all the rules of the Rank, and the laws of the Supreme Lodge, now in 
force or to be hereafter enacted. And we further declare that we have not 
been rejected for membership by any Division of the Uniform Rank, at any 
time within the preceding six months. 

Dated this day of , 188 , P. P. 

Fee for Warrant and Supplies, $30.00, herewith Enclosed. 






No. 


Name. 
(Signature in full.) 


Age. 


Lodge of which a Member. 


I 
















3 
4 





















read the following extract from the laws carefully. 



Membership and Good Standing. 



" A Member shall be considered in good standing in a Division, as regards dues, who is 
not more than six months in arrears for dues to his Lodge, and shall not be considered in 
good standing, as regards dues, when he is more, than six months in arrears for dues in 
his Lodge." — (See Sec. 7, of Art. 4, Constitution of the Uniform Rank.) 

Applicants for a Warrant to organize a Division of the Uniform Rank will therefore be pre- 
pared to exhibit to the Instituting Officer their "Official Receipts," for "Dues in their 
Lodges," before they can receive the Rank. It is further obligatory upon an applicant for 
this Rank to appear in the Uniform prescribed by the General Laws when presenting him- 
self for admittance and instruction therein. And the Instituting Officer, when in the dis- 
charge of his duties, will not suffer any applicant to remain or participate in the ceremonies, 
unless he be so qualified. 

" The Official Receipt is authoritative evidence to the Order throughout the World, not 
only of Membership, but of Good Standing in the Order." — (S. L. Journal of 1875, page 
1165.) 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 1 45 

WARRANT FOR A DIVISION OF THE 
UNIFORM RANK. 

To be located at City or Town of , County of 

, State of 

Headquarters, Uniform Rank, n Knights of Pythias, 

Indianapolis, Ind., ,188 . 

Respectfully forwarded to the Supreme Chancellor, with recommendation that the prayer 
of the petitioners be granted. 

I recommend that Sir Knight be appointed 

to institute said Division, and that all supplies be forwarded to the said Sir Knight 

at 

State of 

Said instituting officer will make report and return of his action to these headquarters. 



Major-General commanding U. R. K. of P. 
•s granted, a 
for said Divi 
Dated this day of 



Approved and the prayer of the petitioners granted, and the S. K. of R. & S. is hereby 
instructed to make out and issue a Warrant for said Division, in proper and legal form. 



P. P 

s.c. 

Warrant in accordance with the petition, and approval of the S. C, made out and issued 

this day of , A. D. 188 . 

S. K. of R.&S. 

Division No Uniform Rank, instituted the day of 

, A. D. 188 . 

P. P , by 

Instituting- Officer. 

The following Report must be invariably carefully and accurately filled out and promptly 
returned to the office of the Major-General and S. K. of R. & S. 

INSTITUTING OFFICER'S REPORT. 

So tfee Supreme % of g. # §9., Supreme fobge of % ggtorlb, $. of f . 

Sir : I have the honor to report that Division, 

of No , of , Uniform Rank, Knights of Pythias, 

located at .....*. , County of and State 

of , was instituted by me on the day 

of , A. D. 188 , P. P , with a membership 

of , and that the following-named members are the 

First Officers of the Division: 



Officers. 



Sir Knight Commander 

Sir Knight Lieut. Commander.. 

Sir Knight Herald 

Sir Knight Recorder 

Sir Knight Treasurer 

Sir Knight Guard 

Sir Knight Sentinel 



Name. 



Post-Office Address. 



I hereby Certify, That at the Institution of said Division, the within-named applicants 
did exhibit to me their Official Receipts, bearing the Seal of the Supreme Lodge, and Seal 
of their respective Subordinate Lodges, and the evidence therein was sufficient to satisfy 
me that said applicants were "not only of membership, but of good standin 
the order." 

All of which is fraternally submitted, 

Instituting C 

13 K 



Izp THE KNIGHTS OE PYTHIAS 

The Sir Knight Recorder will make this Report in quadruplicate. After it is endorsed by 
the installing officer, he will mail one copy to the Supreme Chancellor, one copy and the 
Division Dues to the Supreme Keeper of Records and Seal, and retain one copy for the use 
of the Division. 

Annual Report of Division, No...., of , Uniform 

Rank, Knights of Pythias, located at , County of and State 

of , for the Pythian Period ending February 19, 188 . 



Officers. 



Sir Knight Commander 

Sir Knight Lieut. Commander. 

Sir Knight Herald 

Sir Knight Recorder , 

Sir Knight Treasurer 

Sir Knight Guard 

Sir Knight Sentinel 



Name. 



Post-Office Address. 



Total Number of Members of the Division at this date, 

Total Receipts of the Division for the past Pythian Periods, . %. 
Total Expenditures of the Division for the past Pythian Periods, $. 



Balance remaining in the Treasury at this date, .... $ 

Division Dues to the Supreme Lodge, Eive Dollars, sent to the S. 
K. of R. & S. 

We Certify that the foregoing is correct. Dated this 

day of 188 , P. P 

Sir Knight Coi7imander. 

Sir Knight Recorder. 

INSTALLING OFFICER'S REPORT. 
&o tfe Supreme fobcjc of % iSorlh, % of $. 

I have the honor to report that the above-named Officers of. 

Division, No , of ,, , Uniform Rank, Knights of Pythias, 

were duly installed by me, on jthe day of 188 , P. P 

.,,„.,, Installing Officer. 

ANNLJAL REPORT 
Of Division, No , of. , U. R., K. of P., 

for the Pythian Period ending February 19, 188 . 

DIVISION DUES, $5.00. 

Sec 8. The Division at its annual election shall elect by ballot an installing officer to in- 
stall the officers elect. The Sir Knight so elected will perform that duty in accordance with 
the work prescribed in the Ritual. He shall see that the boftd of the Treasurer has been 
filed with and approved by the Division ; that the annual report to the Supreme Lodge has 
been made out by the Recorder, and the order drawn for the Division dues to the Supreme 
Lodge. Said report shall be endorsed by the installing officer, and one copy thereof shall 
be fo*- v wa.rded by the installing officer, through the regimental and brigade headquarters, to 
the Supreme Chancellor, one copy through the regular channels, with the annual dues, to 
the Supreme lieeper of Records and Seal, and one copy to the Major-General, one copy to 
be retained by the Division. 

Sec 9. Vacancies in any elective office may be filled by nomination, election, and installa- 
tion at any stated meeting of the Division, and the Presiding Officer of the Division on that 
evening shall 3Ct as the installing officer. 

The annual dues to the Supreme Lodge shall be five dollars. 

Secs. 8 and 9, Art. IV., Laws U. R. 

Received.,., ,„,.„ ......188 . 

,„„„„„„„,i S. K. of R. & S. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. I47 

List of Divisions and Membership of Uniform Rank. 



State. 

Ohio 

Maryland 

Virginia 

Indiana 

Missouri 

Michigan 

Minnesota 

Pennsylvania 

New York .- 

New Jersey 

Iowa 

Delaware 

Kentucky 

Mississippi 

Illinois 

Colorado 

Massachusetts 

Wisconsin 

Kansas 

California 

Nebraska 

Tennessee 

West Virginia 

Dist. of Columbia 

Louisiana 

Rhode Island 

Georgia 

Arizona Territory 

Utah « 

Wyoming " 

Montana " 

Canada 

Total, 

For General Laws 



Div. 


Members. 


38 


1 180 


4 


l8l 


5 


275 


18 


461 


16 


425 


17 


485 


2 


30 


17 


365 


12 


255 


8 


297 


9 


250 


2 


75 


4 


97 


3 


60 


15 


45o 


4 


90 


1 


29 


6 


100 


12 


300 


17 


250 


1 


27 


2 


36 


I 


34 


1 


38 


4 


69 


1 


43 


2 


27 


1 


28 


3 


95 


2 


89 


2 


56 


2 









Estimated. 
From Report. 

Estimated. 



From Reports. 
Estimated. 
From Reports. 

Estimated. 



From Report. 
Estimated. 



From Report. 



Uniform Rank, see Appendix. 



ENDOWMENT RANK. 



[E "I 

IAS, > 



Office of Supreme Secretary of the 
Endowment Rank, Knights of Pythias, 
Washington, D. C, May 24, 1884. 

SUPREME Chancellor, Jno. Van Valkenburg, under date of 
the 2 2d instant, instructed the Supreme Secretary to "pro- 
mulgate the laws and amendments regarding the Endow- 
ment Rank as soon as possible," and as the revision has been 
made from the original records and papers of the thirteenth ses- 
sion of the Supreme Lodge Knights of Pythias of the World, 
held at New Orleans, La., in April and May, 1884, and ap- 
proved by the Supreme Chancellor, I hereby promulgate the 
annexed compilation as the "General Laws for the Endowment 
Rank of the Order of Knights of Pythias," and " Constitution 
for Sections of the Endowment Rank, Knights of Pythias," 
now in force. 

Halvor Nelson, 
Supreme Secretary of the Endowment Rank. 

GENERAL LAWS 

FOR THE ENDOWMENT RANK. 

ARTICLE I. 

powers of the supreme lodge. 

Section i. It possesses the power, in accordance with the laws of the 
Order, to establish the Endowment Rank. 

Sec 2. To provide, print, and furnish all forms, ceremonies, warrants, 
certificates, blanks of all kinds, official seal, and such supplies to Sections of 
the Endowment Rank as may be necessary for its complete working. 

148 






THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS, ETC. 1 49 

Sec. 3. To provide a revenue for the Endowment Rank from the sale of 
books, seals, and blanks of all kinds which may be adopted for use. 

Sec. 4. To grant warrants to members of the Order of Knights of Pyth- 
ias, duly qualified, upon proper application, for the establishment of Sections 
of the Endowment Rank, and to enact laws and regulations, of general ap- 
plication, to establish and govern the same. 

Sec. 5. To provide for, and define the duties of the officers of the En- 
dowment Rank, and to prescribe any additional duties for the regular officers 
of the Supreme Lodge. 

Sec. 6. To create, hold, and disburse the funds named in the objects of 
the Rank, under such regulations as it may deem necessary to adopt. 

ARTICLE II. 

JURISDICTION. 

Section i. Sections of the Endowment Rank exist by virtue of warrants, 
issued by the Supreme Lodge, through the Supreme Chancellor and the Su- 
preme Keeper of Records and Seal, under the following obligatory general 
rules, to wit : Applications for Sections of the Endowment Rank must be 
made in the form provided by the Supreme Secretary. They shall contain 
the signatures of at least five (5) Knights in good standing in the Lodges 
of Knights of Pythias, and shall be accompanied by the fee of five dollars 
($5.00) for warrant from the Supreme Keeper of Records and Seal, and ten 
dollars ($10.00) for supplies from the Supreme Secretary. Each Knight, 
before entering his name upon said application, must pass a medical exami- 
nation, and the Examining Physician shall sign a certificate stating the 
result. 

Sec. 2. Sections of the Endowment Rank shall never be instituted, un- 
less at the time of institution at least five (5) brethren, whose applications 
have been approved by the Medical Examiner-in-Chief, be present, and shall 
never consist of less than three (3) members. 

Sec. 3. Each Section of the Endowment Rank shall have an official seal 
of uniform design, and numbered to correspond with the number of the Sec- 
tion. Said seal shall be furnished by the Supreme Secretary, and shall be 
affixed to all official documents. 

Sec. 4. When the membership of a Section has become less than three 
(3), the Supreme Chancellor, upon the request of the remaining members, or 
any of them, and upon their surrendering the warrant and property of the 
Section, may issue to them Clearance Cards, countersigned by the Supreme 
Secretary, and subject to the requirements of Article X. of the Constitution, 
and the holder's name shall be retained on the books of the Supreme Secre- 
tary, and assessments shall be paid to him during the life of the card. Such 
card may be deposited at any time within six months from its date, with the 
13* 



150 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

Secretary of any Section, and the name of the holder shall thereupon be en- 
tered on the roll of membership in said Section. But if such card be not so 
deposited within the period above specified, then the holder thereof shall 
forfeit his membership and interest in the Endowment Rank. 

ARTICLE III. 

MEMBERSHIP. 

Section i. No person shall be admitted to membership in the Endow- 
ment Rank unless he be a Knight of Pythias in good standing ; nor unless 
he be recommended by some competent practising physician (if possible a 
member of the Rank), who, having examined into his physical condition, 
shall give a certificate in the form prescribed for the Rank; nor unless the 
necessary fee accompany the application. 

Sec. 2. All applicants for membership or reinstatement must present a 
written application in proper form, which must be submitted to and approved 
by the Medical Examiner-in- Chief before such applicant can be admitted to 
membership. 

Sec. 3. Applicants between the ages of twenty-one and fifty may be ad- 
mitted into the first and second classes ; those between the ages of fifty and 
sixty into the third class ; and those between the ages of twenty-one and sixty 
may be admitted into the fourth class. 

ARTICLE IV. 

WARRANTS AND SUPPLIES. 

Section i. All blank applications for warrants shall be furnished by the 
Supreme Keeper of Records and Seal. 

Sec. 2. The Supreme Chancellor shall have power to grant wan-ants to 
Sections during the recess of the Supreme Lodge, and to use such measures 
as may be necessary to institute the same. 

Sec. 3. All warrants, cards, certificates, account books, notices, receipts, 
assessment reports, and any and all blanks necessaiy, shall emanate from the 
Supreme Lodge. 

Sec. 4. The supplies for the use of a Section, consisting of one seal, one 
ledger, one cash book, one record book, and assessment roll books, one for 
each class, are furnished for the sum of ten dollars. All other supplies are 
furnished by the Supreme Secretary free of any charge. 

Sec. 5. The power to adopt any additional forms, alter or amend any of 
the laws, or the business details connected with the Endowment Rank, is 
vested in the Supreme Lodge exclusively, and it shall be the duty of that 
body to preserve uniformity in the workings of the Rank in detail, and to 
require on the part of all Sections a strict conformity therewith. 






COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 151 

ARTICLE V. 

DUTIES OF SUPREME OFFICERS. ' 

Section I. The Supreme Chancellor, in addition to the duties prescribed 
for him in the Supreme Lodge Constitution, shall have supervision over the 
Endowment Rank and all Sections of the same. He shall issue all war- 
rants as per Article IV. of these laws, and shall supervise the issuance of all 
documents connected with the details of the work of the Rank, and sign 
officially such as require his signature. He shall sign all orders on the Su- 
preme Master of Exchequer, drawn in accordance with the laws of the En- 
dowment Rank, in payment of all moneys disbursed under the provisions of 
said Rank. He shall have power, in times of epidemic, to prohibit the ad- 
mission of members into Sections located in affected districts. 

Sec. 2. The Supreme Vice Chancellor, in addition to the duties prescribed 
in Article III., Section 3, of the Supreme Lodge Constitution, shall, if occasion 
requires, discharge the duties specified above for the Supreme Chancellor. 

Sec. 3. The Supreme Keeper of Records and Seal shall prepare and 
attest all warrants for Sections of the Endowment Rank issued by the Su- 
preme Chancellor, keeping a register of the warrants so issued. And at each 
session of the Supreme Lodge, he shall present a printed report of the num- 
ber of Sections of the Endowment Rank, and perform such additional duties 
as may be required in connection therewith. 

Sec. 4. The Supreme Secretary of the Endowment Rank shall keep a 
register of the warrants issued, corresponding with that kept by the Supreme 
Keeper of Records and Seal. He shall keep a separate register for each 
class of members of the Rank, and a separate register for those who have 
entered the first and second classes. Said register shall exhibit the name of 
each member, his age, residence, number of his Section, name and num- 
ber of the Lodge to which he belongs, corresponding in numerical order 
to the certificates of membership issued ; and upon said register shall be 
noted all suspensions, resignations, reinstatements, deaths, and transfers of 
membership from one Section to another, as reported by the secretaries 
of Sections. He shall prepare and issue all blank applications for mem- 
bership, and all blank notices, and other forms prescribed by the laws of 
the Rank, or that may become necessary in prosecuting the business of the 
Rank. He shall keep an account with each Section of the Endowment 
Rank, charging it with assessments when made, and crediting it with 
them when paid, as well as with the fees for membership application. He 
shall also keep an account with the Supreme Master of Exchequer, in 
each class of the endowment and the expense funds, charging him with all 
moneys paid to him, and crediting with all orders drawn upon him, specify- 
ing in each order the fund against which it is drawn. He shall report at 
least semi-monthly to the Supreme Master of Exchequer, and transmit there- 



152 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

with all moneys in his hands, stating clearly what part belongs to each class 
of the endowment or expense funds of the Rank. He shall report monthly 
to the Supreme Chancellor his expenses for office rent, clerk hire, books, post- 
age, stationery, printing, etc., who shall, upon being satisfied of its correct- 
ness, draw an order upon the Supreme Master of the Exchequer for its pay- 
ment. He shall report to the Supreme Chancellor quarterly, the membership 
in each class, and the condition of the finances of each class, and of the ex- 
pense fund. He shall render a full and complete account and report to the 
Supreme Lodge at each regular session, together with such recommendations 
concerning the Endowment Rank as he shall deem wise ; and shall submit 
his books, etc., for inspection whenever required to do so by the Supreme 
Chancellor. He shall have charge of two funds — an endowment fund, made 
up of the sum of one dollar from each and every member of the Rank upon 
his admission, and one dollar from each member at each subsequent assess- 
ment; and an expense fund, made up of the receipts from the sale of sup- 
plies, of the sum of one dollar for each admission fee when one class only 
is applied for, but of fifty cents for each class when the first and second 
classes are applied for, and of the further sum of ten cents from each subse- 
quent assessment. Upon receipt of notice and good and sufficient proof of 
death of a member of either class of the Endowment Rank, he shall, with 
the consent of the Supreme Chancellor, issue an order or orders on the Su- 
preme Master of Exchequer for the amount of the benefit to the parties en- 
titled, and shall transmit the same to the secretary of the Section to which 
the deceased belonged. He shall, however, upon receiving proof of death, 
carefully compare the same with the application for membership filed by the 
deceased; and if it appear that false statements have been made, or fraud 
practised, he shall report the fact to the Supreme Chancellor, who shall have 
power to investigate, and, with the consent of the Board of Control, to with- 
hold payment of the benefit claimed. If, after paying a benefit, there remain 
in the fund belonging to the class of which the deceased was a member, a 
less sum than is sufficient to pay a benefit in that class, the Supreme Secre- 
tary shall immediately notify the secretary of each Section to collect and for- 
ward to him an assessment of $1.10 from each member of said class, which 
must be paid within thirty days. He shall keep a register of the members 
of each Section, noting thereon all suspensions, resignations, reinstatements, 
and deaths. He shall keep an assessment roll book for each class, showing 
the number of assessments and date when made, the number of members 
liable to each assessment, and the amount due from each Section, He shall 
keep transfer registers, noting thereon all changes of beneficiaries, and the 
date and number of the new certificate issued. He shall keep a death reg- 
ister in each class, showing the name of the deceased brother, his residence, 
the number of his Section, the name and number of the Lodge to which he 
belonged, the date and his age when admitted to the Rank, the date and cause 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 1 53 

of his death, the name or names of his beneficiary or beneficiaries, to whom the 
benefit was paid, and the date when paid. He shall be a member of the Su- 
preme Lodge and of the Endowment Rank, and be elected at the time, in the 
manner, and for the period prescribed for Supreme Lodge officers. For use in 
his official correspondence, he shall be authorized to adopt a letter-head, sim- 
ilar in design to that now used by the Supreme Master of Exchequer, insert- 
ing the words " Supreme Secretary " in lieu of the words " Supreme Master of 
Exchequer." He shall receive such compensation, payable out of the expense 
fund of the Endowment Rank, as the Supreme Lodge may, from time to 
time, determine. Before entering upon the discharge of his duties, he shall 
enter into and acknowledge a bond in the penalty of fifty thousand dollars, 
payable to the Supreme Lodge Knights of Pythias of the World, with sure- 
ties deemed sufficient by said Supreme Lodge, and conditioned for the faithful 
discharge of his official duties as Supreme Secretary of the Endowment Rank. 

Sec. 5. The Supreme Master of Exchequer shall, in addition to the duties 
prescribed by the Supreme Lodge Constitution, have charge of all funds be- 
longing to the Endowment Rank, except investments in charge of the Board 
of Control. He shall receive from the Supreme Secretary all moneys for 
said Rank, be the same for assessments, membership fees, supplies, or other- 
wise, and shall credit the same to the proper account. He shall pay all 
orders drawn upon him by the Supreme Chancellor, attested by the Supreme 
Secretary, if there be in his hands a sufficient sum of money belonging to the 
fund or class against which said order is drawn. He shall keep a cash ac- 
count for each class of the Endowment and expense funds of the Rank. He 
shall report to the Supreme Chancellor quarterly the amount received and 
disbursed, and the amount on hand, if any, in each class of the Endowment 
and expense funds of the Rank. He shall make a monthly report to the 
Supreme Chancellor of his office rent, clerk hire, postage, etc., for the pay- 
ment of which, when approved, the Supreme Chancellor shall draw an order, 
attested by the Supreme Secretary, upon the expense fund. He shall make 
an annual report to the Supreme Lodge when in session, and when not to the 
Supreme Chancellor. He shall submit his books, etc., for inspection by the 
Supreme Chancellor, or the Trustees of the Supreme Lodge, whenever re- 
quired so to do. For his services to the Endowment Rank, he shall receive 
such compensation, payable out of the expense fund of said Rank, as the Su- 
preme Lodge may, from time to time, determine. Before entering upon the 
discharge of his duties, he shall enter into, and acknowledge a bond, in the 
penalty of one hundred thousand dollars, payable to the Supreme Lodge 
Knights of Pythias of the World, with sureties deemed sufficient by said Su- 
preme Lodge, and conditioned for the faithful discharge of his duties in con- 
nection with the Endowment Rank. 

Sec. 6. The Medical Examiner-in-Chief shall be a member of the En- 
dowment Rank ; he shall be appointed by the Supreme Chancellor, and shall 



154 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

serve until the close of the current biennial term, or until his successor is 
duly appointed. He shall keep a complete register of all applications passed 
upon by him, together with his final action. The necessary books for such 
register shall be furnished by the Supreme Secretary of the Endowment 
Rank. Such register shall at all times be subject to the inspection of the 
Supreme Chancellor, or the Endowment Committee. 

ARTICLE VI. 

BOARD OF CONTROL. 

Section i. The Supreme Chancellor (who shall be ex-cfficio chairman) 
and two members of the Supreme Lodge, who are also members of the En- 
dowment Rank, and who shall be appointed by the Board of Trustees of the 
Supreme Lodge, shall constitute a Board of Control. Said Board shall decide 
such questions of doubt and irregularity as may be submitted to it by the Su- 
preme Chancellor, the Supreme Secretary, or the Supreme Master of Exchequer. 

Sec. 2. The Board of Control shall have the power to annul any certifi- 
cate of endowment when, upon investigation, they find the said certificate 
has been secured by misrepresentation or fraud, and perform such other duties 
as the Supreme Lodge may from time to time prescribe. 

ARTICLE VII. 

AMENDMENTS. 

These laws may be altered or amended at any regular session of the Su- 
preme Lodge Knights of Pythias, by a two-thirds vote. 

CONSTITUTION 

FOR SECTIONS OF THE ENDOWMENT RANK. 
ARTICLE I. 

NAME, MEETINGS, QUORUMS, ETC. 

Section i. Each Section shall be known as Section No. , of the 

Endowment Rank of the Knights of Pythias. 

Sec. 2. A meeting shall be held in December of each year, at such time 
and place as may be fixed by the By-Laws. Special meetings, when neces- 
sary, may be held upon the call of the President, at his own will, or at the 
request of two members of the Section. 

Sec. 3. Not less than three members shall constitute a quorum. In the 
absence of both President and Vice-President, any member may be called to 
preside. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. I 55 

Sec. 4. Each Section shall elect as Medical Examiner a practising phy- 
sician, who shall, if practicable, be a member of the Endowment Rank, and 
who must be a graduate of a regular medical college. The fee for each ex- 
amination shall be fixed by the Section, and must be paid by the applicant at 
the time of the examination. 

Sec. 5. If, by reason of sickness or other disability, the Medical Exam- 
iner be unable to discharge his duties, they may be performed by any other 
regular physician who may be selected by the President. The fact of such 
disability and selection shall be certified by the President, under the seal of 
the Section, and be attested by the Secretary ; and such certificate shall ac- 
company the Medical Examiner's certificate. 



ARTICLE II. 

APPLICATION FOR MEMBERSHIP. 

Section I. Each application for membership must be addressed to a Sec- 
tion of the Endowment Rank. It must be accompanied by a certificate from 
the Master of Finance of the Lodge to which the applicant belongs that he 
is not in arrears for dues, and by a medical certificate from the physician 
designated, as provided in Sections 4 and 5 of Article I. of this Constitution. 
Such medical examination must be made within a period not greater than 
sixty days prior to the issuance of the endowment certificate. The Presi- 
dent (or, in his absence, the Vice-President) and the Secretary of the Sec- 
tion shall also certify upon such application, that they personally know the 
applicant ; that his declarations made therein and to the Medical Examiner 
are true to the best of their belief, and that they recommend him as a proper 
person to receive an endowment certificate. A fee of three dollars, if for 
one class, four dollars, if for two classes, and six dollars, if for three classes, 
must accompany the application, together with fifty cents for the Medical 
Examiner-in-Chief. 

Sec. 2. Members who have entered but one class, and wish to leave that 
class and enter another, must make application as originally in the same 
Section ; and, if the change be to increase the endowment, must pass a new 
medical examination. A fee of one dollar must accompany said application, 
and said fee and application, with the original certificate of endowment, must 
be forwarded to the Supreme Secretary of the Endowment Rank, who will 
issue a new endowment certificate in lieu of the one returned. Members 
who have entered one class and wish to join another, must proceed as in the 
case of an original application for endowment, depositing with said applica- 
tion a fee of one dollar, and the same shall be forwarded to the Supreme 
Secretary of the Endowment Rank. The fee, in each case herein mentioned, 
shall be credited to the Endowment fund of the class applied for. 



156 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 



ARTICLE III. 

RESIGNATIONS, SUSPENSIONS, APPEALS, ETC. 

SECTION i. A member may at any time resign his membership in the En- 
dowment Rank, or either class thereof, provided there are no charges against 
him, financial or otherwise. Such resignation shall cause a forfeiture of all 
amounts paid into, and all claims upon, the funds of the Endowment Rank 
belonging to the class or classes from which said resignation is made. 

Sec. 2. Whenever a member of the Endowment Rank withdraws from 
his Lodge, or whenever his membership therein ceases, from any cause other 
than death, he thereby severs his connection with this Rank, and forfeits all 
his right, title, and interest in and to the Endowment fund ; Provided, that a 
member who takes a Withdrawal Card may retain his membership in the 
Section, and his interest in the Endowment fund for a period of six months 
by paying regularly all assessments. Upon the deposit of said card with an- 
other Lodge, he shall at once notify the Secretary of his Section, and shall 
forward to the Supreme Secretary a certificate from the Master of Finance of 
the Lodge in which said card is deposited ; and provided further, that if a 
Lodge becomes defunct, and a member thereof, or a member holding a With- 
drawal Card, by reason of age or disability is unable to connect himself with 
a subordinate Lodge, he shall not lose his membership in the Section nor his 
interest in the Endowment fund, so long as he shall regularly pay the assess- 
ment required by law. 

Sec. 3. If a member of a Section is suspended from his Lodge from any 
cause, and an appeal is taken from the action of the Lodge, such action 
stands in full force until reversed by the Grand or Supreme Lodge, and 
membership in the Endowment Rank ceases at the time of such suspension. 
Should the action of the Lodge be reversed by higher authority, the standing 
of the member shall be the same as if no action had been taken, and he shall 
pay all assessments made during such suspension and pending said appeal. 
Pending said appeal, assessment notices shall be sent regularly to such 
brother, if he request it, and he shall have the privilege of paying the same 
to the Secretary of the Section. The payment of such assessment shall not 
give the suspended brother any rights in the Endowment Rank. The Secre- 
tary shall receive them at the brother's request and as his agent. They shall 
not be forwarded to the Supreme Secretary, but shall be retained by the Sec- 
retary of the Section, to be credited to the brother on account of assessments 
due by him upon a reversal of his suspension, or to be returned to him if it 
be affirmed. 

Sec. 4. Upon reconnecting himself with his Lodge or joining another, a 
member may regain his position in the Endowment Rank and his interest in 
the fund, by making a new application, with the admission fee enclosed, 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 1 57 

passing a new medical examination, and paying all arrearages against him at 
the time of suspension. 

Sec. 5. Every member, in case of removal or protracted absence from 
home, shall notify the Secretary of his Section. 

Sec. 6. Each Section may provide by by-laws a code of procedure, not 
inconsistent with the laws of the Supreme Lodge, by which all charges shall 
be preferred and trials conducted. 

ARTICLE IV. 

FEES, CLASSES, ETC. 

Section i. Of the amount, three dollars paid by each member as admis- 
sion fee for one class, two dollars shall be paid to the Supreme Secretary, 
(one dollar for the expense fund, and one dollar for the endowment of said 
class,) and the remaining one dollar shall be retained in the treasury of the 
Section for general expenses. If the application be for two classes, three 
dollars, and if for three classes, five dollars must be sent to the Supreme Sec- 
retary. Sections may increase the membership fee as they desire, but the 
minimum fee of three dollars for one class, four dollars for two classes, and 
six dollars for three classes, must be collected of each applicant. Secretaries 
will also collect from new members and members applying for additional 
class or classes, one dollar and ten cents for each class, to be held in surplus 
to meet the first assessment to which they may become liable. 

Sec. 2. The members of the Endowment Rank shall consist of three 
classes, designated as first, second, and third. Any member of the Order, 
possessing the legal qualifications, may connect himself with one or more of 
said classes. One thousand dollars shall be the maximum benefit in the first 
and third classes respectively, and two thousand dollars the maximum benefit 
in the second class. When there are less than one thousand members in the 
first class or the third, the benefit accruing therefrom shall be one dollar for 
each and every member thereof; and when there are less than two thousand 
members in the second class, the benefit accruing therefrom shall be one 
dollar for each and every member thereof. The funds paid by the members 
of each class shall be held separately and distinctively one from the other. 

Sec. 3. Each application for membership, reinstatement, or additional 
class or classes, must clearly designate the class or classes applied for. Said 
application must be at once sent by the Secretary of the Section, with fifty 
cents to the Medical Examiner-in-Chief, who shall endorse thereon his ap- 
proval or disapproval, and return it to the Secretary from whom it came. If 
it be approved, the Secretary shall, after the obligation shall have been ad- 
ministered to the applicant, certify the fact on said application and forward 
it with the legal fees to the Supreme Secretary. The Supreme Secretary 
shall (unless, in his opinion, the said application requires reference to the 
14 



1 5 8 THE KNIGHTS OF P YTIIIAS 

Board of Control), immediately issue a regular certificate of membership in 
the Endowment Rank, for each class desired, signed by the Supreme Chan- 
cellor and Supreme Keeper of Records and Seal, and countersigned and 
registered by himself, specifying the class to which the holder belongs and 
the. amount of endowment or benefit to which, at the death of the holder, 
the beneficiary named in said certificate or in the membership application 
shall be entitled. If said application be disapproved by the Medical Exam- 
iner-in-Chief, the Secretary of the Section shall at once notify the applicant, 
and shall return to him the fees paid, less the amount forwarded to the Med- 
ical Examiner-in-Chief. 

Sec. 4. Upon the death of a member of a Section, the Secretary shall 
immediately forward to the Supreme Secretary official notice thereof. 

ARTICLE V. 

GRADED CLASS. 

Section i. In addition to the three classes specified in Section 2 of Ar- 
ticle IV. of this Constitution, there shall be a class of endowment designated 
as the fourth class. In said class the benefit to be obtained may be one thou- 
sand dollars, two thousand, or three thousand, at the option of the applicant. 

Sec. 2. Knights of Pythias, in good standing, who, at the time of making 
application, are not members of the Endowment Rank, may obtain member- 
ship in the fourth class, in the manner provided for the other classes, the ap- 
plication to designate clearly the amount of endowment desired. Former 
members of the Endowment Rank, who may have withdrawn from one or 
more of the other classes, or who may have been suspended therefrom for 
non-payment of dues or assessments, may be admitted to this class without 
reinstatement into the class or classes with which they were formerly con- 
nected, by passing a new medical examination and paying the fee required 
by Section 4 of this Article. 

Sec. 3. Members of one or more of the other classes shall, upon applica- 
tion, which must be made within one year from the date of promulgation of 
this Constitution, and upon the surrender of their certificate or certificates, be 
entitled to a transfer of their membership to the fourth class, without the pay- 
ment of any fee and without passing a new medical examination, except in 
cases where the amount of endowment is increased, and shall be graded 
as of their age at the time of original entry into the Endowment Rank (the 
class'corresponding to the amount of their endowment in the fourth class). 
In cases in which the amount of endowment is increased, the applicant shall 
pass a new medical examination, pay the fee for additional class or classes as 
prescribed in Section I, Article IV., and in addition thereto the applicant 
shall pay the Medical Examiner for his services, and fifty cents for the Medi- 
cal Examiner-in-Chief. 






COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXTBOOK. 



159 



Sec. 4. The fee for membership to be charged those who are not already 
members of the Endowment Rank, shall be two dollars for each and every 
one thousand dollars of the endowment applied for, and shall in all cases 
accompany the application. In addition to the said fee the applicant shall 
pay the Medical Examiner for his services, and fifty cents for the Medical 
Examiner-in-Chief. 

Sec. 5. The endowment fund for the payment of benefits in the fourth 
class shall be derived from monthly payments by each member, said pay- 
ments to be for each one thousand dollars of endowment, and to be graded 
according to the age of the member at the time of making application, ex- 
cept as provided in Section 3 of this Article, and his expectancy of life, the 
age to be taken at the nearest anniversary of his birthday. So much of such 
monthly payments as shall equal the actual cost of the endowment shall con- 
stitute the endowment fund, and the residue of such monthly payments shall 
be placed in a reserve fund. Said monthly payments shall be based upon 
the average expectancy of life of the applicant, and shall continue the same 
so long as his membership continues. The said monthly payment for en- 
dowment and reserve shall be according to the following table : 



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$0 40 


$0 30 


41 


$0 50 


$0 65 


#1 15 


22 


40 


O 30 


O 70 


42 


50 


70 


I 20 


23 


40 


O 30 


O 70 


43 


55 


70 


I 25 


24 


40 


O 30 


O 70 


44 


55 


75 


I 30 


25 


40 


35 


75 


45 


60 


75 


1 35 


26 


40 


35 


75 


46 


60 


80 


1 40 


27 


40 


40 


80 


47 


60 


85 


1 45 


28 


40 


40 


80 


48 


65 


85 


1 50 


29 


40 


40 


80 


49 


70 


85 


1 55 


30 


40 


40 


80 


50 


70 


90 


1 60 


31 


45 


40 


85 


5i 


75 


90 


1 65 


32 


45 


45 


90 


52 


80 


95 


1 75 


33 


45 


45 


90 


53 


85 


95 


1 80 


34 


45 


50 


95 


54 


90 


1 00 


1 90 


35 


45 


50 


95 


55 


95 


1 05 


2 00 


36 


45 


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1 00 


56 


1 00 


1 10 


2 10 


37 


45 


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1 00 


57 


1 10 


1 10 


2 20 


38 


50 


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1 05 


58 


1 15 


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2 3° 


39 


50 


60 


1 10 


59 


1 25 


1 15 


2 40 


40 


50 


60 


1 10 


60 


1 35 


1 20 


2 55 



l6o THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

Sec. 6. Until one monthly payment by members holding an equal amount 
of endowment, less the amount placed in reserve, shall be sufficient to pay 
the amount of endowment held by a brother, the benefit to be paid in case 
of death shall be a sum equal to one payment by each member holding an 
equal amount of endowment, less the amount to be placed in reserve. 

Sec. 7. The reserve fund, consisting of the membership fees and the 
parts of monthly payments as provided by Section 5 of this Article, shall be 
in the keeping of the Supreme Master of Exchequer, and so much thereof 
as may not be needed for the payment of the expenses of this class, shall be 
invested by him under the superintendence of the Board of Control. 

Sec. 8. The expense of conducting the business of the fourth class shall 
be paid out of the reserve fund. 

Sec. 9. A member holding an endowment certificate in the fourth class, 
and desiring to change the amount of such endowment, shall proceed as in 
the case of an original application : Provided, That if such change decrease 
the amount of his endowment he need not undergo a new medical examina- 
tion. Upon the return of the new application and the surrender of the old 
certificate, the Supreme Secretary will issue a new endowment certificate as 
applied for. 

Sec. 10. All the laws, forms, and business details of the Endowment 
Rank, heretofore made or hereafter enacted, shall apply with full force to the 
fourth class and the members thereof, so far as they are applicable thereto, 
and so far as they are not changed by the provisions of this Article. 

ARTICLE VI. 
officers and their duties. 

Section i. The officers of a Section shall be a President, Vice-President, 
and Secretary. They are the representatives and agents of the Sections, and 
in no sense of the Supreme Lodge. 

Sec. 2. The officers shall be elected annually at the stated meeting in 
December, and shall enter upon the discharge of their duties on the 1st day 
of January following : Provided, however, that the Secretary shall first enter 
into bond as hereinafter provided. Any member in good standing shall be 
eligible to any office in the Section. 

Sec. 3. The President shall preside at all meetings of his Section. He 
shall call special meetings, whenever, in his judgment, the interest of the 
Section requires it, or whenever requested so to do by two members. He 
shall see that the laws of the Endowment Rank are complied with by the 
officers and members of his Section. He shall administer the obligation of 
the Rank to all applicants for membership, who, under the laws of the En- 
dowment Rank, shall be entitled thereto. He shall sign and certify to the 
correctness of all remittance blanks, and shall supervise the transmittal of all 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. l6l 

funds to the Supreme Secretary. He shall present to his Section, at its 
annual meeting, a report of all work done during his term of office, and 
perform all other duties required of him by the laws of the Endowment 
Rank. 

Sec. 4. The Vice-President shall discharge all the duties of the President 
in case of his absence or disability, and perform any specific duties required 
of him by the laws of the Endowment Rank. 

Sec. 5. The Secretary shall receive all applications for membership made 
out in proper form and accompanied by the legal fees and the Medical Ex- 
aminer's certificate, and shall forward the same, with fifty cents, to the Med- 
ical Examiner-in-Chief for approval. Upon the return of said application, 
approved, he shall at once inform the President of the Section and the appli- 
cant. When said applicant shall have taken the obligation as required by 
law, the Secretary shall certify the fact on the application and shall at once 
forward it, with the legal fees, to the Supreme Secretary. He shall keep a 
faithful record of the business of the Section transacted in meeting or by the 
authorized officers during recess. The Secretary shall keep a financial ac- 
count with each member of the Section, charging him with each assessment 
immediately upon notification thereof from the Supreme Secretary, and with 
each monthly payment when the same shall be due. He shall receive pay- 
ment of all dues, fees, assessments, and monthly payments from members and 
credit them with the same. He shall notify the Supreme Secretary of every 
failure to pay an assessment or monthly payment when due and payable (the 
limit of grace having elapsed). He shall pay to the Supreme Secretary each 
assessment and monthly payment as promptly as may be after the same shall 
be due from the Section, and shall notify him upon the proper remittance 
blank of all admissions and reinstatements liable to said assessments or 
monthly payments, and of all deaths, withdrawals, or suspensions to be de- 
ducted therefrom. He shall keep in a book, provided for the purpose by the 
Supreme Lodge, a register of members, which shall contain the name of each 
member of the Section, the name, number, and location of the Lodge to 
which he belongs, his age, residence, post-office address, and the number of 
his certificate or certificates. He shall, upon receipt of notice of an assess- 
ment from the Supreme Secretary, promptly forward the same to that officer 
and give notice to each member of the class in which the assessment is made, 
in the prescribed form, and notify him to pay it within thirty days ; and he 
shall perform all other duties required of him by the laws of the Endowment 
Rank. For his services he shall receive such compensation as his Section 
may, from time to time, determine ; but before entering upon the discharge 
of his duties, he shall enter into and acknowledge a bond,.in such penalty as 
the Section may prescribe, payable to the President of the Section, with se- 
curity by him deemed sufficient, and conditioned for the faithful discharge 
of his duties as such Secretary. 

14* L 



1 62 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 



ARTICLE VII. 

LIABILITY OF SECTIONS. 

Section i. A Section of the Endowment Rank shall be responsible and 
liable to the Supreme Lodge for all moneys collected on assessments or 
monthly payments by its Secretary which he shall neglect to pay over to the 
Supreme Secretary in the time and manner prescribed by law ; and a Section 
neglecting to pay the same to the Supreme Secretary on demand may be sus- 
pended : Provided, that a Section suspended for non-payment of assessments 
or monthly payments, shall be restored by the Supreme Chancellor to good 
standing without subjecting its members to a new medical examination, 
if, within sixty days from date of suspension, such Section shall pay all 
arrearages. 

Sec. 2. After the lapse of sixty days from the date of suspension of a 
Section all or any of the members (not less than three) of such Section can 
make application for reorganizing the same, and if such applicants pay all 
assessments due by them individually, and comply with the requirements of 
Section 3, Article IV., of this Constitution, the Section may be reorganized. 

Sec. 3. Less than three members of a suspended Section can again be- 
come members of the Endowment Rank only by making application to the 
Supreme Lodge or Supreme Chancellor for a clearance card, paying all as- 
sessments, or monthly payments, for a period after suspension not exceeding 
ninety days, and passing a new medical examination ; and then, only after 
the surrender of all properties of the Section to the Supreme Lodge. 

ARTICLE VIII. 

ASSESSMENTS AND PENALTIES. 

Section i. Upon receiving notice of an assessment, each member shall 
at once pay the amount to the Secretary of the Section to which he belongs. 
If any neglect, for thirty days after date of notice, to pay said assessment, he 
shall stand suspended from that class of the Endowment Rank for which 
said assessment was made, and shall forfeit all claims upon the Endowment 
Fund belonging to that class, and the fact of such suspension shall be re- 
ported to the Supreme Secretary upon the remittance blank, provided that 
any member thus suspended shall have the privilege of regaining his right in 
said class within three months, by passing a new medical examination, and 
paying all assessments that may have accrued up to the time of reinstatement. 
But when three months shall have elapsed from the date of suspension, he 
shall be required to pass a new medical examination, and to pay the sum of 
two dollars, in addition to the assessments which may have accrued during 









COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 163 

the first ninety days after such suspension. All reinstatements, under this 
and the succeeding section, shall be reported to the Supreme Secretary. 

Sec. 2. Monthly payments by members holding certificates of endowment 
in the fourth class, shall be due, and payable without notice, on the first day 
of each and every month ; and a failure to make such payment on or before 
the tenth day of the month shall subject a member so failing to the penalty 
and forfeiture prescribed in the preceding section. Reinstatements may also 
be obtained as therein provided. 

ARTICLE IX. 

BENEFICIARIES. 

Section i. Every applicant for membership in the Endowment Rank 
shall designate in his application some person, or persons, related to or de- 
pendent upon him, to whom the benefit shall be paid when due ; and the 
name or names of the person or persons so designated shall be inserted in 
the endowment certificate. The interest of any person so designated shall 
cease and determine in case of his or her death during the lifetime of such 
member. Upon the death of a member of this Rank, the benefit, as speci- 
fied in the endowment certificate, shall be paid by the Secretary of the Sec- 
tion, as soon as received by him, to the person or persons designated in said 
certificate as entitled thereto. In case of the death of such person or persons 
after said benefit shall have accrued, the same shall be paid to the legal rep- 
resentative of such person or persons. In case of the death of the person or 
persons designated as entitled to such benefit, before the same shall have 
accrued, then it shall be paid to the widow and children of the deceased 
member; and, if there be no widow nor children, nor any of them, then to 
the father and mother, sisters and brothers, share and share alike : Provided, 
that the amount of said benefit shall be held sacred, a legacy to and for said 
legatees, and shall never, under any circumstances, be liable for, nor be ap- 
propriated to the payment of any debts against the estate of said deceased 
member. If none of the persons herein designated as entitled to said bene- 
fit be alive when the same shall accrue, then, and in that case, the liability 
of this Supreme Lodge, by reason of said certificate, shall cease and deter- 
mine. From the person or persons, to whom payments shall be made, in 
accordance with the preceding provisions, the Secretary shall take receipts, 
as prescribed by the Supreme Secretary, for all and every part thereof; and 
shall also take up the certificate of membership in this Rank held by the de- 
ceased, and forward it to the Supreme Secretary for cancellation. The ben- 
efit shall always be payable within sixty days after receipt of proper proof 
of death. 

Sec. 2. A member desiring to change the name of his beneficiary, shall 
make a written request of the Secretary of the Section, upon a blank to be 



164 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

furnished by the Supreme Secretary ; a copy of such request shall be entered 
on the records, and the original, certified by the President and Secretary, 
under the seal of the Section, shall be sent, together with the certificate origi- 
nally issued, to the Supreme Secretary. The Supreme Secretary shall attach 
said papers to the original application of such member, enter the transfer in 
the book of transfers to be kept for that purpose, and shall thereupon issue to 
such member a new certificate, containing the name or names of the substi- 
tuted beneficiary or beneficiaries. But this section is subject to the proviso 
that no transfer shall be made for any pecuniary consideration, but only upon 
the consideration of natural love and affection. 

ARTICLE X. 

CLEARANCE CARDS. 

Section i. Any member of this Rank changing his residence, and de- 
siring to transfer his membership to another Section, shall be entitled to 
receive a clearance card, by paying all assessments and charges appearing 
against him on the books of the Section. The clearance card is furnished 
by the Supreme Lodge, and must be countersigned by the President and Sec- 
retary of the Section, certifying to the good standing of the holder in the 
Endowment Rank, and to his title to an interest in the endowment fund. 

Sec. 2. A clearance card from a Section shall be good for six months, 
and during this time, unless it be sooner deposited with another Section, the 
Section granting it shall retain the brother's name on its books, and he shall 
keep his dues and assessments, or monthly payments, paid up as if he had 
not received the card. If, at the end of six months, he has not deposited his 
card in some other Section, his membership in the Rank shall cease, and he 
shall lose all title and interest in the endowment fund. If he desires subse- 
quently to reconnect himself with the Rank, he shall be treated in all re- 
spects as a new applicant, except that he need not take the obligation. But 
no application shall be received from him unless all assessments or monthly 
payments charged against him, while his card was in force, have been paid. 

Sec. 3. An application for admission to a Section upon deposit of such a 
clearance card, shall be accompanied by a fee of one dollar, and when a 
member is thus admitted to a Section, due notice thereof shall be sent to the 
Supreme Secretary by the Secretary of the Section in his remittance blank. 

ARTICLE XL 

PROOF OF DEATH. 

SECTION I. The proof of death shall, in all cases, be made out on the 
blank form now in use, to be furnished by the Supreme Secretary, and shall 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 1 65 

contain an affidavit from the attending physician, if there be one, and from 
such other persons as may be required. 

ARTICLE XII. 

PENALTIES. 

Section i. If an examining physician recommend an applicant for ad- 
mission into a Section of the Endowment Rank, who, by the exercise of 
reasonable care and diligence might know that such applicant will not live 
to the end of his expectancy of life, he shall, if a member of a Section, for- 
feit his membership and all his right, title, and interest to and in the Endow- 
ment Rank ; and, if not a member, he shall be forever debarred from acting 
as a medical examiner for a Section of the Endowment Rank. 

Sec. 2. If the officers of a Section shall recommend a brother for admis- 
sion into the Endowment Rank, who, by the exercise of reasonable care and 
diligence might know that he will not live to the end of his expectancy of 
life, they shall forfeit their membership in the Section and Rank. 

ARTICLE XIII. 

DOCUMENTS AND APPEALS. 

SECTION 1. All documents from Sections relating to the Endowment 
Rank, requiring legislation by the Supreme Lodge, shall be forwarded, under 
a seal of a Section, in time to reach the Supreme Keeper of Records and 
Seal at least fifteen days prior to the session of that body; and all appeals 
and grievances must be accompanied by one hundred printed or five written 
copies thereof for the use of the Supreme Lodge. 

ARTICLE XIV. 

SECTION BY-LAWS. 

Section i. Each Section shall have the right to make by-laws for its 
own government, not inconsistent with these laws ; and may provide, in ad- 
dition to the one dollar received from each admission fee, such further revenue 
as may be necessary to cover the expenses (if any) of its meetings, etc. Neg- 
lect or refusal to pay as required in such by-laws may subject the delin- 
quent member to suspension from the Section, and work a forfeiture of all 
claim to the benefits accruing in this Rank : Provided, however, that no Sec- 
tion shall pass a law creating such suspension and forfeiture by the non-pay- 
ment of dues in advance ; And provided, further, that a member of the En- 
dowment Rank shall be considered in good standing in his Lodge, so far as 
his interests in the endowment fund are concerned, who is not in arrears to 
his Lodge for more than six months' dues. 



1 66 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 



ARTICLE XV. 

AMENDMENTS. 



The provisions of this Constitution may be altered or amended at any reg- 
ular session of the Supreme Lodge by a two-thirds vote. 



Introduction of the Endowment Rank. 

This insurance feature was organized by the Supreme Lodge 
of the World-, Knights of Pythias, at the Cleveland session, in 
August, 1877, in response to a strong and pressing demand from 
the Southern Knights. Under the wise, just, and economic ad- 
ministration of our present Supreme Master of Exchequer, the 
Endowment Rank has become popular and strong, and is now 
a very important factor in the Pythian Order. He makes the 
following suggestions in relation to this valuable feature, to wit : 

Indianapolis, Ind., October 17, 1883. 
Hon. Jno. Van Valkenburg, S. V. C, Fort Madison, Iowa. 

Dear Sir and Brother : Your favor of the 14th inst. at hand. My last 
quarterly statement shows : 

11,546 certificates in force in the first class at $1,000 00=$ 11,546,000 00 

14,834 " " second " 2,000 00= 29,668,000 00 

397 " " third " 400 00= 158,800 00 

Total $41,372,800 00 

My last quarterly statement also shows that up to October 1, 

1883, I have paid in benefits the sum of $1,877,348 00 

I have paid since October 1 2 5>39° 00 

$1,902,738 00 

The first benefit was paid February 18, 1878, to Henry Hope, of Section 
61, Poughkeepsie, N. Y., $1,517.00, and was the only one that did not receive 
the maximum endowment. 

Warrants have been issued for 629 Sections ; from four we have no report 
as yet of their institution ; sixty-two have been suspended, generally through 
the dishonesty and incompetency of the Secretary and Treasurer, leaving 563 
in active work. The Endowment Rank has been in existence now five years 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 1 6/ 

and ten months ; during that time 52 assessments have been paid in the first 
class; in the second class 1 10 assessments have been paid, or on an average 
cost per $1,000 each year of $10.37. 

The Special Committee on Endowment, which you met in Baltimore, were 
desirous of carrying out the wish of the Supreme Lodge so decidedly ex- 
pressed at the last session, of abolishing the Section system, but we were unable 
to place anything practicable in its place ; we therefore concluded to recom- 
mend the retention of the Sections, but prune it of the objections urged against 
it. The officers of a Section will be only a President, Vice-President, and 
Secretary. Section meetings are held once a year for the election of officers, 
or when necessary. 

I told the Committee to take into consideration the fact of my connection 
with the Supreme Lodge ending with its next session, and suggested that the 
labor of the office of S. M. of E. be divided between that officer and the S. K. 
of R. and S., as it was first intended; but Jos. Dowdall positively refusing to 
have anything to do with the Endowment Rank, compelled the Committee then 
to throw the whole work into my hands. I was appointed a committee of one 
to make the division, and did so, and reported to the Committee next morn- 
ing, when Judge Lindsay suggested that the S. K. of R. and S. had as much 
to do as he could properly tend to ; the Committee then agreed to recommend 
the election of a Supreme Secretary of the E. R. [The expenses of the E. R. 
will in the next few years double, if not treble, from what they have been 
under my management, for which I have received the condemnation of the 
Supreme Lodge.] 

The graded assessment was referred to a committee of one (myself). I 
have laid down the following rules for my guidance. 

1. It must be permanent. A brother on becoming a member of the Rank, 
and paying his assessments from time to time, must be able to sleep soundly 
over his investment; he must be assured that, no matter when it may please 
our Heavenly Father to call him from his labors here below, that the provision 
he has thereby made for his loved ones will not fail them. The consequence 
to the Order — if the endowment, from any cause, should fail — cannot be fully 
foreseen ; it will at least greatly embarrass, if it does not prove disastrous to, 
the Order. 

2. It must be just and equal to all; the burden must be proportioned to the 
risk, based upon a proper estimate of life's probabilities ; or, in other words, 
each member must pay his just proportion to the Endowment fund, in accord- 
ance with his age or expectancy of life. 

3. Members of our Order must be able to enter the E. R. at any time upon 
full equality with the members of the Rank of the same age ; no discrimina- 
tion must exist. 

4. It should be uniform in its requirements, as near as possible ; the assess- 
ments should not increase with the increasing age of the Rank ; so that new 



1 68 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

members will not be compelled to pay increased assessments on account of 
the increased mortality among the older members. 

5. It should furnish an endowment to our brothers at as near the actual 
cost as possible ; expenses must be kept at the minimum. 

Keeping the foregoing in view, I have had two plans under consideration. 
The first is a flexible graded assessment plan, under which each member of 
the Rank pays each year the exact cost of his endowment for that year only, 
and as.he increases in age the amount of his assessments increases. 

This plan has the advantage of inviting young members of our Order to 
join the E. R., on account of its cheapness to them, that do not take the 
future into consideration ; it also obviates the necessity of a reserve fund, 
objectionable in the minds of many brothers. The only objection to it is, 
that it increases the amount of the assessments when our brothers are least 
able to pay them. Members, who may have struggled half a lifetime or 
longer to make some provision for their families to secure them from suffering 
and want, will find themselves unable, by reason of old age or disability, to 
pay the constantly increasing assessments ; not only lose all they have paid, 
but also lose the very provision they had fondly hoped to have made for their 
loved ones, and finally retire to rest with sorrow and an aching heart that 
their loved ones will be objects of charity. 

The second is a fixed graded assessment plan. Under this plan the assess- 
ments are fixed in accordance with the age of the brother at the time he enters 
the E. R., and are not increased, but remain the same during his lifetime. 
This mode of assessment, in order to be equitable, must be based upon a 
member's average expectancy of life : To illustrate, a member enters the E. 
R. at the age of 21 years, when he has an expectancy of life of 42 years, 
making 63 years at the end of his expectancy of life. His endowment, 
based upon the American tables of mortality of $1,000, costs, in monthly pay- 
ments, at the age of 21 years, 50 cents; at the age of 63 it has increased to 
$2.15, or on an average during his expectancy of life 85 cents. This should 
be the fixed graded assessment at the age of 21 years, and others in propor- 
tion to their age. 

From the foregoing exhibit it is apparent that brothers entering the E. R., 
at any age, at first pay more than the actual cost of their endowment, and 
continue to do so until the cost of their endowment equals their assessments ; 
after that time a member pays less than the actual cost. If the whole amount 
so collected is used to pay current death losses, the assessments will be 
abnormally less or few in number at first, and for some years afterwards, or 
until the cost of the endowment and assessments are balanced; after that 
time assessments will continue to increase, accelerated by the constantly 
increasing mortality consequent upon increasing age. This is inevitable zvitk 
fixed assessments, graded or otherzvise. To relieve our members from those 
constantly increasing assessments, and to make them (assessments) as near 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK 1 69 

uniform as possible, I recommend the formation of a Reserve Fund, into 
which all parts of assessments over and above the actual cost of the endow- 
ment are placed, and out of which the benefits of our members who have 
reached or passed the expectancy of their life are paid. 

If the foregoing does not satisfy you under the term suggestion, it must be 
attributed to my inability to comprehend the full import of the word. The fore- 
going requires a great deal of careful calculation and study, and crowds me 
greatly in my other regular endowment work. 

There was strong opposition to the introduction of the En- 
dowment Rank, but it has steadily gained in favor, until 
nearly all well informed Knights yield it their support and 
influence. 

Hon. John P. Linton, our present very able and distinguished 
Supreme Chancellor, pays this branch the following beautiful 
tribute : 

Gradually and slowly the Order is gathering and garnering the experience 
of years and adding to the efficiency, economy, and security of this Rank. 
Though formulated with great care and earnest study at the outset, it was 
necessarily imperfect. At each session of the Supreme Lodge, since the Rank 
was organized, that body has sought by wise legislation to improve its work- 
ing. That much remains to be done no one will deny ; that much has been 
done to secure the Supreme Lodge from imposition, and the brethren from 
undue assessments, no one conversant with the facts will hesitate to admit. 
Among the agencies adopted to secure these ends, the Supreme Lodge at its 
last session provided for the preparation and promulgation of a new applica- 
tion blank. Experience will doubtless develop (indeed has already developed) 
some remediable errors in this, but that it is better adapted than the old one 
to prevent the acceptance of undesirable risks is believed to be universally 
conceded. Perhaps at first the effect of the introduction of this blank was to 
retard for a short time the formation of new Sections, and the reception of 
individual members, but the membership soon adapted themselves to the new 
order of affairs, and a constant and accelerated flow of most desirable mem- 
bers is now seeking the advantages of this branch of the Order. This re- 
sult shows that the true means to secure the success and perpetuity of this 
Rank, is to place it upon a sound business basis; conduct it upon sound busi- 
ness principles, and thus secure to the brethren a perfectly safe life insurance 
at the minimum cost. To do this, purely humanitarian sentiments must be 
abandoned, and a due regard be paid to the treasured experience of the past. 
And every "new departure" should be wisely and maturely considered, and 
should be the result of such careful consideration, and not the result of mere 
impatience at some of the real or fancied defects of the existing system. 
*5 



170 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

The Totals found in the Report of the Supreme Master of Exchequer show 
how large has been the bounty distributed through the agency of this Rank, 
and an examination of the report itself will show how far-reaching has been 
its beneficence. In every Grand Jurisdiction, and in many localities besides, 
the widow and the orphan have had occasion to bless an Order which has so 
wisely provided for their relief in the time of trouble. The figures of the 
Report also disclose the fact that though an aggregate of $1,902,738 has been 
disbursed as death benefits by the Supreme Master of Exchequer, since the 
institution of the Rank, not one penny has been lost or misapplied, and that 
so economically has he conducted the business of the Rank that, relatively 
to the amount received and disbursed, and to the expenses of other similar 
institutions, the E. R. of the Knights of Pythias is conducted with less pro- 
portionate expense than any other organization of like character. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXTBOOK. 



171 



Tables of the Cost of Insurance in the Endowment 
Rank, etc. 

BY SUPREME MASTER OF EXCHEQUER. 

Condition of the first class, November I, 1883 : 

Total number of certificates issued 15,680 

Certificates in force now 11,562 

Suspensions and resignations 3,5^8 

Deaths 530 

15,680 

The average age of the members of the first class is 40.5 years. 
Progress of the first class from year to year, ending with November 





w 


t/> 




S 


in 


to 




to 


(/) 




H M 


H 




w «• 


H . 










Date. 


< s 

E 

S to 


4 6 

Ha 
a. 5 


H 
</) 
Z 


S 5 

, </) 


< 


b w 

Z <n 
w to 
u < 


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H 


Z H 










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£ h) 


to J 


< 


ti 


si m 






w 


psi 




W 


w 




w 






O 





H 


O 


CM 


A 


Ph 


<u 


August 1st, 1878. 




3273 






13 




2 






" 1st, 1879. 


3258 


3087 


66 


641 1 


348 


5-4 


40 


0.62 


8 


" 1st, 1880. 


6023 


3707 


150 


9880 


517 


5-2 


75 


0.76 


8 


1st, 1881. 


9288 


2208 


Q6 


1 1592 


1001 


8.6 


108 


°-93 


11 ' 


" 1st, 1882. 


10483 


2041 


187 


12711 


1087 


8-5 


125 


0.98 


11 


April 1st, 1883. 


1 1 499 


748 


192 


12439 


843 


6.8 


8Q 


0.71 


8 


November 1st, 1883. 


"507 

1 1 562 


616 


155 


12278 


625 


5-i 


9 1 


0.77 


6 




15680 


846 




4434 


39- 6 


53° 


0.477 










Reinstatec 


1, 846 
















Net lapses 


,3588 


6.6 £ 


iv'ge. 


0.8 £ 


iv'ge. 



The statement below is prepared from the table on p. 172, and shows our 
experience in the first class, during the past six years, in groups of years, 
for more ready comparison. 



Years. 


to 

,/, 

K 

k a 

11 


(/> 
z 


z 

w 
to 
in 
D 
W 


z 2 
w z 
u w 

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W D 
PL, W 


Per cent, of 
suspensions in 
proportion to 

MEMBERS. 


C/j 

X 
H 
< 
W 

Q 


to 
O 

E? K " 

Z h 
W < 

u a 

to 

Ph 


Per cent, of 
death in pro- 
portion to 

MEMBERS. 


21 to 40 inclusive 
41 to 50 " 
50 to 60 " 
Over 60. 


6007 

4114 

1226 

215 


2827 

711 
50 


79 
20 


47 
17 
4 


234 
205 

7 1 

20 


44 
39 
13 
4 


3-9° 
4.98 

5-79 
9-3° 




11562 | 3588 


100 




53o 


100 





172 



THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 



The following table shows the number of members in the first class of the 
various ages from 21 to 79 years, the suspensions, resignations, and deaths 
at each age, and the percentage of resignations, suspensions, and deaths. 









b r/i 




b 








b • 




b 




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z 5 


<=z 




O 




p* 


zi 


og 











2§ 


*K 




H </> 




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gg 


h2 




b a 






is . 

£ « £ 


z g 


H 


Z X 

W H 
u < 

w 




W M 

a s 


w S tX 


w 

Hi 


X 
H 


z x 

U < 

w 


w 




§1 


</l £ 

D 9 O 


w 5 




« Q 
ID 


w 



3 a 


(/J Q « 

&22 


w 5 


< 
W 


« 

w 


< 

21 


& 


W «H 


Ph 


Q 


(In 


< 


fc 


w< p 


Ph OT 


A 


Ph 


4 


37 


90 






51 


288 


8 


3 


22 


7 


22 


7 


68 


90 


I 


I 


52 


283 


11 


4 


12 


4 


23 


39 


95 


71 


7 


15 


53 


213 


5 


3 


4 


2 


24 


68 


122 


64 


2 


3 


54 


118 


6 


5 


'8 


6 


, 2 5 


109 


134 


56 


7 


6 


55 


7i 


7 


9 


7 


9 


' 26 


165 


r 35 


45 


7 


4 


56 


64 


3 


4 


6 


9 


27 


191 


J 53 


44 


12 


6 


57 


49 


5 


9 


4 


8 


28 


268 


178 


40 


10 


4 


58 


5i 


2 


4 


2 


4 


29 


259 


173 


40 


16 


6 


59 


43 


2 


4 


5 


10 


30 


326 


180 


36 


13 


4 


60 


46 


1 


2 




2 


31 


34i 


175 


34 


15 


4 


61 


28 






1 


3 


32 


407 


174 


3° 


12 


3 


62 


39 








2 


5 


33 


463 


183 


28 


7 


1 


63 


23 








4 


15 


34 


500 


J 55 


24 


16 


3 


64 


3i 








1 


3 


35 


490 


170 


26 


22 


4 


65 


23 








2 


8 


36 


475 


153 


24 


19 


4 


66 


10 








2 


17 


37 


53i 


149 


22 


n 


2 


67 


13 








1 


7 


38 


466 


132 


22 


22 


4 


68 


8 








2 


20 


39 


482 


134 


22 


16 


3 


69 


13 












40 


416 


127 


23 


19 


4 


70 


6 












4i 


481 


99 


17 


21 


4 


7i 


6 








1 


14 


42 


43° 


117 


21 


30 


6 


72 


5 








1 


17 


43 


473 


86 


15 


26 


5 


73 


1 




•• 




2 


67 


44 


388 


80 


17 


16 


4 


74 


3 








1 


25 


45 


402 


68 


14 


18 


4 


75 


3 




.. 








46 


369 


62 


H 


19 


5 


76 


1 












47 


421 


53 


11 


10 


2 


77 












... 


48 


373 


69 


13 


21 


5 


78 














49 


365 


64 


15 


26 


7 


79 


2 













5o 


412 


13 


3 


18 


4 
















10121 


3538 




439 






1441 
10121 


5o 
3538 




61 

439 






11562 


3588 




530 





COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 



173 



The following table shows the practicable effect of the graded fixed assess- 
ment plan. The membership of the first class is taken as a basis ; the 
amount of the endowment is $1,000, in monthly payments, and it shows 

1. The age. 

2. The number of members at that age. 

3. The amount available for current death losses the first year. 

4. The amount to be placed in reserve the first year. 

5. The amount available for current death losses in five years. 

6. The amount to be placed in reserve in five years. 

7. The amount available for current death losses in ten years. 

8. The amount to be placed in reserve in ten years. 

9. The amount available for current death losses in fifteen years. 

10. The amount to be placed in reserve in fifteen years. 

11. The fixed graded assessments for each year. 





K 
a 
n 
S 

D 


First year mor- 


Five years mor- 


TEN YEARS MOR- 


Fifteen years 

MORTUATJV RE- 






< 


tuary RESERVE. 


tuary RESERVE. 


TUARY RESERVE. 


SERVE. 




1. 1 2. 


3. 


4. 


5. 


6. 


7. 


8. 


9. 


10. 


11. 


21 


4 


#160 


$120 


$160 


$1 20 


#180 


$100 


gi8o 


$1 00 


$°7° 


22 


7 


280 


2 10 


280 


2 10 


3 15 


i75 


3 5o 


1 40 


70 


23 


39 


15 60 


11 70 


1560 


11 70 


17 55 


9 75 


i9 5o 


780 


70 


24 


68 


27 20 


2040 


2720 


2040 


3060 


1700 


3400 


13 60 


70 


25 109 


4360 


3815 


4360 


3815 


4905 


3270 


54 5o 


2725 


075 


26 1 165 


6600 


57 75 


7425 


49 5o 


74 25 


49 5o 


8250 


4125 


075 


27 1 191 


7640 


7640 


8595 


6685 


95 50 


57 3o 


95 5o 


57 3° 


080 


28 268 


107 20 


107 20 


12060 


9380 


I34OO 


8040 


14740 


6700 


080 


29 1 259 


103 60 


10360 


"655 


9065 


I29 50 


7770 


14245 


64 75 


080 


30 326 


13040 


13040 


14670 


114 10 


163 OO 


9780 


19560 


6520 


080 


3 1 | 34i 


153 45 


13640 


15345 


13640 


I70 50 


119 35 


20460 


8525 


085 


32 407 


183 15 


183 i5 


203 50 


16280 


203 5° 


16280 


24420 


122 10 


090 


33 i 463 


20835 


20835 


23150 


18520 


25465 


16205 


30095 


"5 75 


090 


34 i 500 


22500 


25000 


25000 


22500 


27500 


20000 


35000 


12500 


095 


35 49° 


22050 


24500 


24500 


220 50 


294 00 


171 50 


343 00 


122 50 


095 


36 475 


21375 


261 25 


237 5° 


23750 


28500 


190 00 


35625 


118.75 


1 00 


37 53 1 


26550 


265 50 


26500 


265 50 


31860 


212 40 


42880 


10620 


1 00 


38 466 


23300 


256 30 


25630 


233 00 


302 90 


18640 


39610 


93 20 


105 


39 482 


24100 


289 20 


265 10 


265 10 


337 40 


192 80 


433 8o 


9640 


1 10 


40 416 


20800 


249 60 


24960 


208 00 


291 20 


16640 


395 2o 


62 40 


1 10 


41 481 


24050 


31265 


28860 


26455 


. 36o75 


19240 


481 00 


7 2 J 5 


115 


42 430 


21500 


301 00 


25800 


258 00 


34400 


172 00 


473 00 


43oo 


1 20 


43 473 


260 15 


33 1 10 


307 45 


28380 


402 05 


18920 


543 95 


47 30 


125 


44 | 388 


21340 


291 00 


271 60 


232 80 


34920 


15520 


485 00 


1940 


1 30 


45 402 

46 369 

47 421 

48 373 

49 365 

50 412 


241 20 


301 50 


281 40 


261 30 


38190 


16080 


54270 
51660 
61045 
559 5o 
565 75 
659 20 
475 2o 
495 25 




135 

1 40 
145 
150 
1 55 


221 40 


295 20 
357 85 


276 75 


23985 
273 65 


369 00 
463 10 


14760 
147 35 
13055 




252 60 
242 45 


33680 




3 X 7°5 


3 I 7°5 


242 45 


42895 




255 5° 
28840 


31025 
370 80 


32850 
39 x 40 
28800 


23725 
267 80 
187 20 
18395 


45625 
55620 
41760 


109 5° 
103 00 
57 60 
5660 






51 
52 


288 


21600 


25920 




165 
175 


283 


226 40 


26885 


311 30 


43865 




53 

54 


213 
118 


181 05 


20235 
11800 


244 95 
i47 5o 


13845 
76 70 


362 10 
200 60 


21 30 


38340 
224 20 




1 80 


10620 


2360 




1 90 







174 



THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 



\_Table continued from page lyj. .] 



w 



< 
1. 

55 
56 
57 
58 

S 

61 
62 
63 
64 
65 
66 
67 
68 
69 
70 

71 
72 

73 
74 
75 
76 
77 
78 
79 


w 
2. 


First year mor- 
tuary RESERVE. 


Five years mor- 
tuary RESERVE. 


TEN YEARS MOR- 
TUARY RESERVE. 


Fifteen years 
mortuary re- 
SERVE. 


C/5 t/5 

< H 

Si 

fe in 
11. 


3. 


4. 


5. 


6. 


7. 


8. 


9. 


10. 


71 
64 
49 
5i 
43 
46 
28 
39 
23 
3i 
23 
10 

13 
8 

13 
6 
6 
5 
1 

3 

3 

1 

2 


$6745 
6400 
53 9° 
5865 
53 75 
62 10 
4060 
6045 
3910 
57 35 
4600 
2200 
3120 
2080 

37 05 
i860 
2040 
1850 

400 
i3°5 
14 10 

5*o 

1660 


$74 55 
7040 

53 9° 

5865 

49 45 

55 20 

35oo 

5070 

2990 

4030 

3105 

1350 

17 55 

11 20 

1820 

840 

810 

6 75 

135 

405 

405 

140 


$95 85 
92 80 
75 95 
8670 
79 55 
9200 
61 60 
9360 
5980 
8835 
7130 
3400 
48 10 
3200 
55 2 5 
2700 
2850 
2525 

5 35 

17 10 

18 15 

6 50 

1660 


#4615 
41 60 
3185 
3060 
2365 
2530 
1400 
17 55 
920 
9 30 
5 75 
150 
65 


$142 00 
*34 4o 
10780 
117 30 
103 20 
117 30 
7560 
in 15 
6900 
97 65 
77 05 
35 50 
48 75 
3200 
55 25 
2700 
2850 
2525 

5 35 

17 10 

18 15 

6 50 

1660 




#142 00 
13440 
107 80 
117 30 
10320 
117 30 
7560 
in 15 
6900 
97 05 
7705 
35 50 
48 75 
32 00 
5525 
2700 
2850 
2525 

5 35 
1710 
18 15 

6 50 

1660 




$2 00 
2 IO 
2 20 
2 30 
240 
2 55 

2 70 
285 
300 
315 

3 35 
3 55 

3 75 
400 
425 

4 5o 

4 75 
505 

5 35 

5 70 
605 

6 50 
700 

7 55 
830 





























































































11562 


#(6711 10 
7574 10 


#7574 10 -$8252 90 
6032 30 


$6032 30 


1042990 $385530 
3855 30 


12709 25 
1575 95 


$1575 95 


14285 20 


1 14285 20 




14285 20 1 


14285 20 1 



The foregoing table shows that an assessment of our present 
members up to 60 years of age will bring . . . . #6,184 I o 
Or in one year, . . . #74,209 20 

I have taken no account of those members over 60 years of 
age, as in all probability they will not go in the graded assess- 
ment system, and no new members of that age can get in. 

The mortality in the first twenty months of our existence was 
62 in 10,000, or in a membership of 11,301, 70, costing in 
benefits, #70,000 00 

Showing that the graded assessments are sufficient for the purpose 
of meeting our liabilities. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT BOOK. 1 75 

In five years from now one assessment will bring $7,472 45, or 

during a year, $89,869 40 

The mortality for the last seventeen months has been 74 in 

10,000, costing in benefits, $84,000 00 

Showing that the assessment is ample to meet the liability. Even 
allowing that in five years hence our mortality will be the full 
average of our experience during the past six years, or 8 in 
1 ,000, costing in benefits, $90,000 00 

the graded assessment is still sufficient to meet the liability. 

With careful selection of risks, and strict medical examination, it is be- 
lieved that the mortality can be reduced, and the Supreme Lodge enabled, 
after an experience of some years (say five), to modify the assessment, or in- 
struct the Supreme Secretary to exempt the members from an assessment 
whenever the surplus funds justifies it; the exemption should always be to 
the longest contributing members first, and gradually enlarge it as the fre- 
quency of exemption of assessments occurs. 



The following tables are based upon the American Tables of Mortality, 
compared with our own experience for the past six years, making a reason- 
able allowance for the gain from lapses or suspensions. The calculations are 
for an endowment of $1,000, in monthly payments, and show, 

1. The age at which a brother enters the Endowment Rank. 

2. The age at the end of the expectancy of life at the age given. 

3. The flexible graded assessment plan, showing the cost of the endow- 
ment from year to year. 

4. The fixed graded assessment plan, giving the average cost of the en- 
dowment from the age of entering the Endowment Rank to the end of his 
expectancy of life. 

5. The amount to be placed in reserve, under the fixed graded assessment 
plan. 

6. The percentage of mortality at the age given. 

American Tables show a mortality of 0.94 per cent, between 21 and 50 
years; our own experience is only 0.8 per cent, from 21 to 73. 



176 



THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 



6. 


1. 


3. 


3. 


4. 


5. 


1. 


a. 


3. 


4. 


5. 


6. 


0.79 


21 


63 


$0 4° 


$0 70 


#0 30 


53 


72 


$0 85 


$1 80 


#0 95 


1.60 


0.79 


22 


63 


40 


70 


30 


54 


72 


90 


1 90 


1 00 


i-74 


0.80 


23 


63 


40 


70 


30 


55 


72 


95 


2 00 


1 05 


1.86 


0.80 


24 


64 


40 


70 


30 


56 


73 


1 00 


2 10 


1 10 


1.99 


0.80 


25 


64 


40 


75 


35 


57 


73 


1 10 


2 20 


1 10 


2.13 


0.81 


26 


64 


40 


75 


35 


58 


73 


1 15 


2 30 


1 15 


2.30 


0.82 


27 


65 


40 


80 


40 


59 


74 


1 25 


2 40 


1 15 


2.47 


0.83 


28 


65 


40 


80 


40 


60 


74 


1 35 


2 55 


1 20 


2.67 


0.83 


29 


65 


40 


80 


40 


61 


75 


1 45 


2 70 


1 25 


2.89 


0.84 


30 


65 


40 


80 


40 


62 


75 


1 55 


2 85 


1 30 


3-13 


0.85 


3 1 


66 


15 


85 


40 


63 


75 


1 70 


3 °° 


1 30 


3-39 


0.86 


32 


66 


45 


90 


45 


64 


76 


1 85 


3 15 


1 30 


3-69 


0.87 


33 


66 


45 


90 


45 


65 


76 


2 00 


3 35 


1 35 


4.01 


0.88 


34 


67 


45 


95 


50 


66 


76 


2 20 


3 55 


1 35 


4-37 


0.89 


35 


67 


45 


95 


50 


67 


77 


2 40 


3 75 


1 35 


4.76 


0.91 


36 


67 


45 


1 00 


55 


68 


78 


2 60 


4 00 


1 40 


5.20 


0.92 


37 


67 


50 


1 00 


50 


69 


78 


2 85 


4 25 


1 40 


5-68 


0.94 


38 


68 


50 


1 05 


55 


70 


79 


3 10 


4 50 


1 40 


6.20 


0.96 


39 


68 


50 


1 10 


60 


7 1 


79 


3 40 


4 75 


1 35 


6.77 


0.98 


40 


68 


50 


1 10 


60 


72 


80 


3 7° 


5 05 


1 35 


7-37 


1. 00 


41 


69 


50 


1 15 


65 


73 


80 


4 00 


5 35 


1 35 


8.02 


1.02 


42 


69 


50 


1 20 


70 


74 


81 


4 35 


5 7° 


1 35 


8.70 


105 


43 


69 


55 


1 25 


70 


7 5 


81 


4 7° 


6 05 


1 35 


9.44 


1.08 


44 


69 


55 


1 30 


75 


76 


82 


5 10 


6 50 


1 40 


10.2 


1. 12 


45 


70 


60 


1 35 


75 


77 


83 


5 55 


7 00 


1 45 


11. 2 


1.16 


46 


70 


60 


1 40 


80 


78 


83 


6 05 


7 55 


1 50 


12.0 


1.20 


47 


70 


60 


1 45 


85 


79 


84 


6 60 


8 30 


1 70 


13.2 


125 


48 


70 


65 


1 5o 


85 


80 




7 20 






14.4 


131 


49 


71 


70 


1 55 


85 


81 




7 95 






15.09 


1-38 


5o 


71 


70 


1 60 


90 


82 




8 70 






17-4 


i-45 


5i 


7 1 


75 


1 65 


90 


83 




9 60 






19.2 


i-54 


52 


72 


80 


1 75 


95 


1 8 4 




10 60 






21. 1 






The Subordinate Lodge. 

HOW COMMENCED. 

THE Subordinate Lodge is generally called the working 
Lodge, from the fact that in it the candidates are initiated, 
proved, and charged ; and through it the money is raised 
with which to carry on the great cause of Benevolence. It never 
consists of less than seven members of the Knight Degree, in- 
cluding one qualified to preside. It must have been chartered 
and instituted by the Grand Lodge of the jurisdiction in which 
it is located, or, in case of there being no Grand Lodge, by the 
Supreme Lodge direct. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 



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DIAGRAM SHOWING THE POSITION OF THE OFFICERS AND THE SHAPE OF 
THEIR STATIONS AND THEIR COLORS, VIZ. : 

V. C, blue. P., black. C. C, red. P. C, yellow. 

Should you desire forming a Lodge in your vicinity, the first 
step necessary for you to take is to ascertain how many persons 
can be obtained, who have taken the requisite number of de- 
grees, that are willing to unite with you for that purpose. You 
may do this by private inquiry, or by calling an informal meet- 
ing through the press. Failing to obtain the required number, 
you might be able to get a sufficient number of individuals who 
are not members of the Order to unite with you for the purpose 
of applying for a charter or dispensation. 

Before taking the first step you should be cautious and calcu- 
lating. Cautious as to who you ask to join with you, so that no 
unworthy characters gain admittance to our Order ; or, if there 
are persons who have already attained the exalted position of 
Knight, and have proved themselves unworthy of the name, be 
careful that they do not impose themselves upon you, and gain 
admittance into your young Lodge. Very much is depending 
on the material of the Lodge, especially at starting. Outsiders 

judge the Order by its members, and if you are successful in 

M 






178 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

obtaining persons who are respectable in every sense of the term, 
you will create a good impression ; if you do not, it will be better 
if you let the project drop before the Lodge is instituted. Cal- 
culate carefully whether the expenses of rent, furnishing a room, 
and obtaining the necessary regalia, etc., will not be too great 
for the number of members you will be able to obtain ; whether, 
after paying these expenses, there is likely to be income enough 
to meet the demands for relief. Make haste slowly, and consider 
every step well beforehand. 

PETITION. 

Having fully determined the above points to your satisfaction, 
and secured the requisite number of qualified persons, your next 
step is to petition the proper authorities — the Grand Chancellor, 
if there is a Grand Lodge in your State ; if not, the Supreme 
Chancellor — for a Charter or Dispensation. 

The Supreme Lodge requires that the expenses of its officers 
be paid by the petitioners, but many of the State Grand Lodges 
pay the expenses of the instituting officer out of their own funds. 

INSTITUTION. 
The Charter or Dispensation for "the organization" of the 
Lodge having been granted, call upon those whom you wish to 
become members, obtain their names and proposition fee ; but 
be sure that you have carefully ascertained as to their character 
and habits, and that the petitioners are unanimous in favor of 
their admission. One bad member will often ruin a Lodge. 
Have your Lodge-room fitted up neatly and comfortably, and be 
sure that it is secure against eaves-droppers. In purchasing your 
regalia and fixtures see that they are of good material and sub- 
stantial. Don't go beyond your means; it is better to com- 
mence down and go up, than to incur expenses that you cannot 
meet ; or if you succeed in meeting them, to have your means 
for doing good curtailed so as to be practically useless. Select 
your officers, and let the officers and members refresh their 
memories in the work if they are already Knights, so that when 
the time comes they will be prepared to go through the ceremo- 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. IJC) 

nies in a proper manner. These and other duties should be 
arranged in time, so that when the day of institution arrives 
there will be no bustle, no confusion. As soon as the Lodge is 
instituted, elect and appoint the officers before agreed upon; 
appoint the committees to report upon the applicants for mem- 
bership, who should be in waiting. Their characters and quali- 
fications having been thoroughly canvassed before, the commit- 
tee will be ready to report immediately. The officers having 
prepared themselves, the initiation, proving, and charging can 
go on with the same system as in an old Lodge. Everything 
passing off harmoniously and in order, you will recollect the day 
of your institution with pride and pleasure, 

FIRST BUSINESS MEETING. 
At the first meeting after institution it would be well to have 
no initiation, as there will, no doubt, be considerable business 
to transact. Have all the bills against the Lodge made out, 
audited by the proper committee, and ordered to be paid out of 
the first funds received. Provision should have already been 
made for a loan to meet the demands, and it will be necessary 
for the Lodge to assume the responsibility. It may be necessary 
for you to continue the present committees, or appoint new ones 
to procure other requisite supplies. The Chancellor Commander 
should see that the officers fully understand their various duties, and 
thus prepare for the prompt transaction of business in the future. 

OPENING LODGE. 

One of the duties taught by our Order is promptness. Both 
officers and members should bear this in mind, and endeavor to 
be at the Lodge-room punctually at the hour stated in the By- 
laws. By so doing late hours for closing will be avoided, and 
all will be able to return to their families in reasonable time. 

At precisely the appointed hour for the convening of the Lodge 
the presiding officer should see that the officers and members are 
in their appropriate regalia. The proper officer should then exam- 
ine those present, to ascertain whether they are all properly qual- 
ified and entitled to remain. At the signal each member should 



180 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

maintain a respectful silence. Pay strict attention to the recital 
of the duties of the various officers, so that you may know what 
is required of them. Besides, you may be called upon to fill va- 
cancies occasionally, and it will be well for you to learn the 
duties of each office beforehand. But should you have every 
charge committed to memory, you ought to show respect to those 
in office, besides setting a good example to new members. Be 
ready to cooperate with the officers in the discharge of their 
duties, so that harmony and peace may prevail. 

The opening ceremonies over, those who have arrived since 
the time of commencement and are waiting outside may be ad- 
mitted, and the Lodge is ready to proceed to business. 

WORK, WITH ORDER OF BUSINESS. 

Sufficient time having elapsed for those in the ante-room to 
work their way in, the Lodge will proceed to business. There 
is no Order of Business prescribed by the Supreme Lodge, but 
many Lodges have adopted the following. As it is general, we 
will designate some of the items coming under each head. 

1. Roll Call. 

i. The name of each officer is called, and the presence or 
absence of each one noted. 

II. Reading Minutes of Previous Meeting. 

i. Should any special or adjourned meetings have been held 
during the week, read them in connection with those of the 
regular meeting. No objections being offered they will stand 
approved as read. 

III. Absentees. 

i. The Secretary will here read the names of the officers who 
were absent at the previous meeting. 

2. He will make a note on the minutes whether the excuses 
offered are accepted by the Lodge, or whether a fine is imposed 
on them for absence. 

IV. Call of Sick Roll. 

i. Announcement of new cases of sickness. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 151 

2. Report of the Relief Committee. 

3. Ordering benefits in favor of those brethren who are enti- 
tled to them, by the Chancellor Commander. 

4. Should any brother need watchers, appoint brethren to 
perform that duty during the coming week, including the next 
Lodge night. 

V. Balloting on Previous Petitions. 

1. Reading of reports of committees on investigation, and 
balloting for each candidate separately. 

2. Balloting for candidates to be proved or charged. 

VI. Conferring Degrees. 

1. Officers and members should take especial care to have 
everything ready, and let each officer be at his post, and perfect 
silence prevail during the conferring of degrees, so that the candi- 
date will be fully impressed with the solemnity of the ceremony. 

VII. Reception of Petitions. 

1. Propositions of candidates received and read. 

2. Accepted, if correct, and committees appointed to investi- 
gate the health, habits, and character of the applicant. 

VIII. Unfinished Business. 

1. Reports of standing committees received and acted upon. 

2. Reports of special committees. 

3. Other business appearing upon the minutes that has been 
laid over from a previous meeting. 

IX. Miscellaneous Business. 

1. Such business as does not come under any of the preceding 
divisions, viz. : communications from the Grand Lodge, from 
sister Lodges, or anything of a miscellaneous character. 

The above or some similar order of business should be ad- 
hered to at all regular meetings, so that everything may be trans- 
acted with as little confusion as possible. If it is necessary to 
depart from it in order to reach some particular business at once, 
a motion can be made to suspend the rules, or to lay on the 
table for the time being each item coming before the one desired. 
When the business thus reached before its turn is transacted, you 



1 82 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

can return to the regular order again. While system should 
govern all the proceedings of a Lodge, care should be taken that 
brethren* do not become cold and formal toward each other. 
Let not anger and dissension arise in your midst, but let respect 
and courtesy govern all your actions. Guard against using sar- 
castic remarks or personalities toward any brother, lest you 
wound his feelings or excite ill-will, but endeavor by every act 
and word to unite all more firmly in the bonds of brotherly love. 
Always take for granted that the brother differing with you, 
intends what is best for the Lodge. 

CLOSING LODGE. 

The business of the evening having been transacted, and suffi- 
cient time having been allowed for any excitement to subside, 
the Lodge will proceed to close. The ceremonies of closing are 
equally as impressive as those at opening, and should be listened 
to attentively by all. You are about to leave the company of 
your brethren and mingle again with the outer world. You 
should put your trust in your Heavenly Father, and ask him to 
shield you from all harm, that you may be able to again meet 
your brethren around the altar of the Lodge-room. 

WORK OUT OF THE LODGE. 

Do not think that when Lodge closes your work is done. The 
work in the Lodge-room is very little when compared with 
that which you are expected to perform outside. It is but the 
preparation-room, where the lessons of charity and benevo- 
lence are instilled into your mind, that you may practise them 
toward your brethren and toward the outer world. It is the 
drill-room, where you are drilled in the manual of moral warfare, 
that you may successfully battle against the immorality and self- 
ishness of the world. If you are an officer, there are many duties 
for you to perform. You are to visit the sick and distressed ; 
the widow and orphan are to be attended to ; they may need aid 
or counsel, perhaps both. It is your duty to see that none suffer. 
If on a committee, you should attend to whatever business is 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 1 83 

assigned you, and be ready to report at the next meeting of the 
Lodge, or when called upon. But whether you are an officer, 
committee-man, or member, you are to carry the principles of 
brotherly love into your every-day life, and exercise them toward 
your fellow-men. 

FORM OF MINUTES. 

Much depends upon the manner in which the records of a 
Lodge are kept. It is important that they should be correct, 
written in a plain, neat handwriting, and in such a manner that 
any particular business, occurring in the past, may be referred 
to in a moment. In order to do this, the Keeper of Records 
and Seal should have a memorandum or pencil book, in which 
he can take down the proceedings as they occur. After the 
minutes have been approved, let him copy them into the regular 
minute book. It is of the latter we wish to speak in this place. 
The By-laws of the Lodge should be written either in the front 
or back part of the book, the front would be the best, leaving 
enough space to add all amendments or additions that may be 
made. The record of each meeting should commence at the 
head of a page, with the name and number of the Lodge, and 
the date on which the meeting is held. Leave a blank space 
of about an inch and a half at the right side of the page, so that 
you may name the subject of each paragraph. A blank line 
should also be left between each subject. It may take more 
paper, but the time saved in referring back to former proceed- 
ings, will abundantly repay for the small extra outlay. After the 
reading of the minutes of the previous meeting-, and their ap- 
proval, place the names of absentees, also the names and ex- 
cuses, if they offer any, of those who were absent at the previous 
meeting, and the action of the Lodge ; you will thus have them 
so that they can be easily found should any question arise as to 
persons having served the required number of nights, or whether 
they have been excused for their absence by the Lodge. It is not 
necessary that every unimportant motion, that is unsuccessful, 
should be recorded ; but every important motion, whether passed 
or not, should be entered upon the minutes, with the action 



1 84 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

of the Lodge. Letters and other important papers should be 
mentioned, with their substance and number. The paper itself 
should be folded, numbered, nature and date written on one end, 
and filed away, so that it may be referred to without loss of time. 
The sum total of the receipts for the evening should be embraced 
in the minutes, just before the signature of the Keeper of Records 
and Seal. In no case should the Lodge allow any motion or 
resolution, passed by it, no matter how wrong in spirit or in 
law, to be omitted, changed, or erased. It is a part of the 
records of the Lodge, and must remain so. The Lodge can 
rescind or annul the action if it chooses. In that case both 
should appear upon the minutes. 



SYNOPSIS OF PARLIAMENTARY LAW. 

The Supreme Lodge has decided that Cushing's Manual shall 
be the authority in rules of order, so far as it does not conflict 
with the laws of the Order. Every member should acquaint 
himself with the rules governing legislative bodies, so that he 
may be able to take part in the proceedings of his Lodge. It is 
expected that the officers will study the Manual until they 
become versed therein ; but for the benefit of those members 
who have not the time, and do not wish to make the subject a 
study, we will give a brief synopsis of the principal parliamen- 
tary rules. 

1. It is the duty of the presiding officer to preserve order and 
decorum ; to announce the business of the Lodge in the order in 
which it is to be acted upon ; to receive and submit all motions 
and propositions presented by the members ; to put to vote all 
questions which are regularly moved, or necessarily arise in the 
course of the proceedings, and to announce the result ; he may 
speak to points of order in preference to other members, rising 
from his seat for that purpose ; he shall decide questions of order 
without debate, subject to an appeal to the Lodge ; before giving 
his decision he may, if he choose, take the opinion of other 
members, but when ready to give his opinion no one can deter 
him by claiming the right to be first heard. When two or more 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 1 85 

members rise to speak at the same time, he shall decide which is 
entitled to the floor. 

2. Every member, however humble he may be, has the same 
right with every other, to submit his propositions to the Lodge, 
to explain and recommend them in discussion, and to have them 
patiently examined and deliberately decided upon by the Lodge. 

3. No member has a right to disturb or interrupt another 
while speaking, except to call him to order ; nor when a member 
is speaking to pass between him and the Chair, leave the hall, or 
entertain private conversation. 

4. Every member, when he wishes to speak, shall rise and re- 
spectfully address the presiding officer, and, after he has been 
recognized by the Chair, proceed with his remarks. While 
speaking, he shall confine himself to the question under debate 
at the time, avoiding all personality or indecorous language, as 
well as any reflection upon the Lodge or its members. When 
he gives way for another to make an explanation, he cannot 
resume without the consent of the Lodge. 

5. No one shall speak more than once upon the same question 
until all the members wishing to speak have had an opportunity ; 
after that he may speak again by leave of the Lodge. 

6. When a member is called to order by the Chair, he shall 
take his seat until the question of order is determined, when the 
Chair shall direct him to proceed with his speech. 

7. Every question must receive a second, and be stated by the 
Chair before it can be debated. 

8. When a question is before the Lodge no motion can be 
made except to adjourn, to lie on the table, the previous ques- 
tion, to postpone, either indefinite or to a certain day, to com- 
mit, or to amend, which shall severally have preference in the 
order named. 

9. A motion to adjourn cannot be made while a member is 
speaking, neither can a motion to adjourn be renewed until some 
business has been transacted after the first motion for that pur- 
pose. In the absence of any rule to the contrary, a motion to 
adjourn cannot be debated or amended, except when made for the 
purpose of stopping a debate or to suppress a question. A motion 

16* 



186 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

to adjourn, when not in the regular order of business of the 
Lodge, is usually made in this form : "I move that we suspend 
the order of business, and proceed to close." 

10. When a blank is to be filled, and different sums, numbers, 
or dates shall be proposed, the question shall first be taken upon 
the highest sum or number, and longest or latest date. 

ii. The first person named on a committee shall act as chair- 
man thereof until another is chosen by themselves. 

The above are a few of the essential points necessary to be ob- 
served in the transaction of Lodge business, in order to have the 
proceedings pass off "decently and in order." It will be well 
for officers and members to recollect that — 

" The great purpose of all rules and forms, is to subserve the 
will of the assembly, rather than to restrain it ; to facilitate, and 
not to obstruct, the expression of thier deliberate sense.' ' — 
Cushing. 



Duties and Deportment of Knights. 

EACH Knight, when he was admitted, took upon himself an 
obligation to perform certain duties. There are others, 
that are not expressed in words, but which are equally 
obligatory upon every member by virtue of his being a Knight. 
It is upon these that we wish to offer a few remarks in this place. 

LODGE ATTENDANCE. 

Regular attendance at Lodge meetings is a duty that a Lodge 
has a right to expect of every member, when it does not conflict 
with that which he owes to his family or business. There are in 
all Lodges a few zealous members, who, by their lives, show that 
they became members of the Order from their love for the prin- 
ciples it inculcates, and who are willing to do their part in the 
work. These are always present, rain or shine, unless prevented 
by sickness. They do more than their share in the cause. 

There are others, who, for a while, did bravely; they were 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 1 87 

present in season and out of season ; their brothers, seeing their 
devotion, elected them to office and conferred the highest honor 
in the Lodge upon them. . After they had passed the Chairs 
their zeal suddenly cooled down ; they stayed away occasionally, 
and ere a great while they did not come at all, except to pay 
their dues, and very often they send them by some one else. 
They forget the principles of the Order, and lose all interest in 
the business of their Lodge. Not that the principles of the 
Order are not the same, or that the business is not equally as in- 
teresting as before. They have accomplished the object for 
which they started, and have no further use for the Order, except, 
perhaps, to get benefits in case of sickness. Such are generally 
the first to complain if neglected in case of sickness, or if the 
benefits are not paid them the moment they are due. Some, 
again, fail to attend, more from carelessness than from any inten- 
tion to neglect their duty. To those who are absent on account 
of family duties or business, we have nothing to say, only to at- 
tend as often as possible. 

Brethren, it is a duty that we owe to ourselves and to each 
other to be present at the regular meetings of our Lodge when- 
ever it is within our power. It is there that we become more 
familiar and learn to know each other better. Unless we become 
acquainted with the members of our own household it is impos- 
sible to practise that sociability, that friendship towards each 
other of which we boast. There is work for each one to do, and 
those who do not attend impose their share upon those who are 
more faithful to their obligations. There is business to be trans- 
acted, and money to be expended, in which each member has an 
interest. You should be there to assume your share of the 
responsibility ; to give the brethren the benefit of your knowledge 
and experience. Especially is it your duty if you are a Past 
officer, for it was through the kindness of your brethren that you 
obtained the knowledge and experience of the affairs of your 
Lodge. They have honored you ; try and show them that you 
appreciate their kindness. It is no wonder that many outsiders 
have their doubts as to the Order, and many young members 
falter at the start, when they see so many of the older Knights 



1 88 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

derelict in their attendance. What a grand revival there would 
be in the cause were each member to make it a point to be 
present at each meeting. There would be no complaint then of 
dull meetings. 

See to it, brethren, that you "neglect not the meeting of your- 
selves together," and thus become recreant to the principles of 
our institution. 

DUES. 

The prompt payment of dues is a duty that every Knight owes, 
not only to his Lodge, but to his family. It is impossible fo the 
Lodge to pay its current expenses, and meet the demands of its 
sick and distressed, without funds. And it is upon the small 
amount due from each member that the Lodge is dependent to 
meet these obligations. We are too apt to think that the small 
sum due from us will make no difference — that three months after 
it is due will be in plenty time. Perhaps it would make no par- 
ticular difference were there only one person to think that way; 
but where there are a number of the same opinion, it may prove 
disastrous to the Lodge. But even if it should not retard the 
business of the Lodge, there are others who have a right to de- 
mand that you keep your dues promptly paid in advance. Your 
wife and children are depending upon you for their support, and 
it is your duty, while in life and health, to make provision for 
them, so that they will not suffer, should sickness or death over- 
take you. " Procrastination is the thief of time," is a trite but 
true saying. We are continually seeing its truthfulness verified in 
our Order. There is scarcely a week that passes but what we hear 
of some brother who has met with an accident or been taken 
sick, and when his name is announced in the Lodge he is found 
to be in arrears with his dues, perhaps only a few days. There 
are but few of our older members who cannot relate some partic- 
ular case of hardship, the result of carelessness on the part of a 
brother in not paying his dues/ Brothers, be prompt in attend- 
ing to this matter. Do not wait until the very last night. It 
would be better to have your dues paid a year in advance than 
be a few days behind time. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 1 89 

DEBATE. 

Every brother should take some part in the transaction of the 
Lodge business. The Lodge is a school-room, and many young 
men have obtained their first experience in debate and parlia- 
mentary usage at its meetings. Speak whenever you think that 
you can say anything to the point, or wish to express your views 
upon any subject before the Lodge, not for the mere purpose of 
debate or opposition, but to improve yourself and to overcome 
your diffidence. If you do not learn to speak upon the small 
affairs, you will never be able to take part in the discussion on 
weightier questions. Study well the different subjects coming 
up before the Lodge ; and should you take part in their discus- 
sion, see if you cannot throw additional light upon them ; clothe 
your ideas in as choice language as is at your command, but do 
not use what are termed big words when there are simpler ones 
with the same meaning. Avoid giving offence to others, either 
on account of their opinion or motives, remembering that all can- 
not see alike, and that every one is entitled to his opinion and 
has a right to be heard. Do not allow your temper to become 
ruffled, but keep cool and collected. You will be better able to 
express your thoughts, and will have a greater influence upon 
your brethren. When you have said all that you can upon a 
subject, take your seat. Do not attempt to repeat your words, 
otherwise you will weary the brethren, and your remarks will lose 
their effect. If you succeed in obtaining an easy and correct 
style of delivery, so that you can speak well and to the point on 
every subject in which you have an interest, you will have 
gained an accomplishment which you will never have cause to 
regret. 

CORRECT WORKING. 

There is nothing of greater advantage for the general promo- 
tion of the interests of the Order, than correct working in the 
Lodge. In order to have correct work, it is necessary for each 
officer and member to understand well what is expected of him, 
and to endeavor to perform his part to the best of his ability. 
There is nothing that disgusts a visitor so much as to visit a 



19° THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

Lodge during Initiation, or Conferring of Degrees, and see the 
officers read their charges and do everything else in a careless, 
bungling manner. The candidate fails to be impressed with the 
solemnity of the occasion, and, as a matter of course, will not 
be able to realize to the full extent the responsibility that he is 
assuming. The visitors, and even members of the Lodge, stay 
away. This should not be. Members should be careful not 
to elect any one to office who is not fully qualified, no matter 
if he is a "good fellow." Installing officers should require that 
every one be able to deliver the various charges of the office to 
which he is elected before he is installed. Some may urge poor 
memories as an excuse. There are none who cannot commit 
three or four lines a day. Let them do that, and they will be 
astonished to find how soon they will have their charges fully 
committed. The presiding officer should require that each officer 
be prompt in the performance of every duty devolving upon him. 
The opening, closing, conferring of Degrees, and other work will 
then be made impressive and have the desired effect, not only on 
candidates, but upon all who attend. There is nothing that will 
attract brothers to the Lodge-room, or make them feel a pride in 
their Lodge, so much as the performance of the business and 
work without blundering. 

We presume that every Knight is fully impressed with the ne- 
cessity of having the signs, passwords, etc., correct. They are 
the key that unlocks the combination lock. By them he expects 
to gain admittance to his own and sister Lodges, or to prove 
himself when among strangers. He should, therefore, be careful 
to keep himself bright, so that he may be ready to prove that he 
is a Knight beyond a doubt whenever necessary. 

VOTING AND BALLOTING. 

As the business of the Lodge interests all, no member should 
fail to express his views or choice by voting on every subject 
that may arise, especially on the admission of new members. 
No one has the right to avoid his share of the responsibility. 
The secret ballot was instituted to allow each individual the ut- 
most freedom in the expression of his will. It is the strongest 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. I9 1 

guarantee of the Order. No one can rightfully charge another 
with responsibility for its verdict when the result is contrary to 
his wishes. By it the most timid is enabled to vote as he thinks 
right, without fear of any one betraying his vote to the candi- 
date, or of offending the friends of the petitioner. No one 
should fear to use the black ball when he thinks the candidate is 
unworthy. But before doing so, examine well into your objec- 
tions. Be sure that they do not arise from personal spite or 
hatred, or on account of his religion or politics, or because some 
friend of yours has been rejected. He who would employ the 
black ball as an instrument of revenge is unfit to be a member of 
the Order. You have no right to injure the character of a person 
in any way. After examining into your objections, should you 
find that there is nothing against the candidate beyond your own 
personal dislike, do not fail to vote for him ; but if you find that 
he is not possessed of a good moral character, or does not come 
up to the other requirements of the Order, it is your duty to cast 
a black ball. 

The secrecy of the ballot for candidates should be maintained. 
No brother has a right to tell how he voted, for by so doing the 
very object of the secrecy is defeated. 

DUTIES TO SELF, FAMILY, AND OTHERS. 

No one can be a good Knight if he is unfaithful to the duties 
he owes to himself, his family, and to others. He is expected 
to be a good husband, a good father, a good neighbor, and a 
good citizen. Selfishness is one of the great sins of the age, and 
to banish it from the face of the earth is one of the leading 
objects of our association. But there are certain duties that 
every one owes to himself and family, the failure to perform 
which is a sin. He must not neglect his business, or suffer his 
affairs to become embarrassed ; to waste his time in idleness ; or 
to recklessly expose his health. He is bound to look after the 
welfare of his family ; to devote a portion of his time to them. 
He who neglects his wife and children upon the plea of attending 
to Lodge affairs, has failed to profit by the first lessons of the 
Order, and does us an injury instead of good. They have the 



192 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

first claim upon his time. Then there are duties which he owes 
to his neighbors and fellow-citizens, irrespective of their connec- 
tion with the Order. He cannot perform these duties unless he 
is law-abiding, and practises the Golden Rule toward all. He 
must be willing to assist his fellow-men in sickness or distress'; 
deal gently with the frailties of others, and endeavor to set them 
an example by his own life and conduct. He must be honest, 
cautious, and prudent in all his transactions ; in a word, he must 
be a gentleman in every sense of the word. 



Committees. 



THERE is a large amount of time saved to Lodges by refer- 
ring important business to committees, and the Lodge, as a 
general rule, coincides with the report of the committee. 
It is very important, therefore, that none but live, active work- 
ers, possessing sound judgment, should ever be placed upon a 
committee ; and if a careless, indolent person gets on, no matter 
what his rank, make him do his share of the work, for no one 
has any more right to appropriate credit for work that he did not 
do, than he has to take money belonging to another. But the 
presiding officer should be careful not to appoint the same 
brother upon more than one committee at a time. It is a well 
known fact that where a brother has an office or some other duty 
to perform, he always takes a greater interest in the business of 
the Lodge. If you divide the offices and committees, you will 
make two or three work instead of one; thereby compelling 
them to attend the meetings, and show an interest in the work 
and business of the Lodge. 

GENERAL DUTIES" OF COMMITTEES. 

A committee is a miniature assembly, and its business should 
be conducted as nearly as possible in the same manner. The 
Lodge has the right to state the time and place of meeting of a 
committee, but when no directions are given it may select its 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 1 93 

own time and place ; except that it cannot sit during Lodge 
hours without permission. The first person named on a com- 
mittee acts as its chairman, at least until the first meeting, and 
he is generally permitted to do so during the continuance of the 
committee. But as every committee has a right to elect its own 
chairman, the person first named, should require them to elect a 
person to that position. This done, the committee should pro- 
ceed to the consideration of the business referred to it. Should 
it be necessary to hold more than one meeting, fix upon the 
time and place, and let each member be prompt in his attend- 
ance. If any fail, the chairman should impress the necessity of 
punctuality upon their minds ; that having no effect, report their 
neglect to the Lodge. No one has a right to waste the time of 
others in keeping them waiting to suit his convenience, or to 
impose upon them his share of labor. When the committee has 
finished the business, and agreed upon a report on the subject 
referred to them, let it be drawn up in a clear and lucid manner, 
so that every one can understand it, and present it to the Lodge 
at its next meeting. 

INVESTIGATING COMMITTEE. 

The duties devolving upon this committee are of more impor- 
tance than those of any other. Especially is this the case in 
large cities, where persons are often proposed, of whom, perhaps, 
no one in the Lodge, except the proposers, has ever heard. In 
such cases the Lodge has to rely to a great extent upon the 
report of the committee; if they attend to their duty, and 
thoroughly investigate the health, habits, character, and even 
peculiarities of the candidate, and report favorably, he will 
probably make a good acquisition. We say probably, from the 
fact that, with all their caution, committees can be deceived 
occasionally. But if they have been careless, as is too often the 
case, you run a great risk of getting unworthy persons as mem- 
bers who will bring reproach upon the Order. Brothers in their 
desire to propose the greatest number of persons as candidates, 
and Lodges, especially new ones, in their eagerness to increase 
their membership, do not guard the portals of the Order as they 
17 N 



194 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

should. They forget that strength does not lay in numbers, and 
that one bad member is capable of doing much harm — of even 
breaking up a Lodge sometimes. A man may be the soundest 
of the sound, and the strictest of the strict, so far as health and 
morality are concerned, and yet, by his disagreeable disposition, 
have a Lodge in continual hot water before he has been a mem- 
ber six months. Each member of an investigating committee 
should not only make inquiries of the neighbors, but should see 
the candidate in person. Then, after being satisfied as to the 
health and character of the petitioner, and before signing a 
favorable report, he should ask himself : Has he a good disposi- 
tion? Will he make a good friend and companion? Am I 
willing to associate with him out of the Lodge as well as in it ? 
Am I willing that he shall visit my home when I am sick ? or, 
in case of my death, am I willing that he should be adviser or 
counsellor to my bereaved wife and children ? Remember that 
when he is once in the Lodge, he may, in the course of time, act 
in all these capacities. It will be too late after he has been ad- 
mitted, to stop and think of these things. He will then be on 
an equal footing with yourself, and you will be bound to recog- 
nize him as such. If you cannot report favorably, go to the 
brothers who recommended the candidate and give them a 
chance to withdraw his petition. 

COMMITTEE ON FINANCE. 

This committee is generally composed of three members, who 
are appointed by the Chancellor Commander on the night of 
his installation. It is their duty to examine all bills against the 
Lodge to see that they are correct. In order to do this they 
should have a general knowledge of business, that they may de- 
tect any overcharging, and judge whether the work or article 
purchased is what was ordered. They should be punctual in 
attendance, so that the Lodge, and perhaps others, may not be 
put to inconvenience. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 195 

AUDITING COMMITTEE. 
This committee is appointed on the last meeting night of each 
term, for the purpose of examining the books of the financial 
officers of the Lodge. The members composing it should under- 
stand book-keeping, so that they can discover any error that may 
have occurred, and be able to judge whether the books are kept 
in a systematic manner. They should examine every item, and 
report to the Lodge the exact condition in which they find the 
books. 

COMMITTEE TO VISIT THE SICK. 

This committee usually consists of the Chancellor Commander 
and Vice Chancellor, but in some Lodges others are added. It 
would be well to have five on the committee, besides the prin- 
cipal officers, so as to have one to visit the sick brother each day. 
Members of the committee should time their visits to suit the 
most convenient hours of the family, and to meet the best inter- 
vals of the patient. If you are permitted to see the sick brother, 
do not worry him by talking too much, or upon exciting sub- 
jects. Let your conversation be such as to cheer him up and 
make him forget his pain. Do not make your visits too long. 
If the brother is very sick, from three to five minutes is long 
enough. 

TRUSTEES. 

In the choice of no officer in our Subordinate Lodges should 
there be more care exercised than in the election of persons to 
serve as trustees. The standing of a Lodge depends, to a great 
extent, on its financial ability to meet its obligations, and it is an 
established fact that the average amount of Lodge receipts, de- 
grees, and dues, will but barely cover the various expenses, such 
as sick and funeral benefits and current expenses of the Lodge, 
except when the Lodge is young, and its membership young and 
healthy ; and the Lodge that fails to invest its surplus funds in 
its youth, so as to yield an income, will find it hard work to keep 
its head above water as it advances in years, and the majority of 
its members become old and* infirm. The majority of Lodges 
rely upon the judgment of their financial officers, and only 



196 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

authorize investments in accordance with their recommenda- 
tions. If the Trustees look to the interests of the Lodge, and 
see that every dollar of the Lodge funds brings something into 
the treasury, the Lodge is very sure to succeed; but if they art 
dilatory and nonchalant as to their duty, and let the surplus 
funds lie idle in the hands of the Treasurer, the chances are that 
as the members grow old, and sickness and disability increase, 
the small surplus that has accrued will dwindle away, and the 
Lodge will be unable to meet its obligations to its members. 
The members, seeing a bankrupt treasury, will begin to draw 
their cards or allow themselves to be dropped. Every hundred 
dollars promptly invested is worth more, financially, than a new 
member; while it brings into the Lodge treasury as much every 
year as a member, it takes nothing out in the shape of sick benefits. 
The Lodge should allow enough, and only enough, to remain in 
the hands of the Treasurer to meet its immediate wants ; the sur- 
plus should be transferred to the Trustees for investment ; and 
since, as we before remarked, the majority of Lodges rely upon 
their Trustees as to the manner of investing, great care should be 
taken that none but competent brethren are elected to that office. 
They should be wide awake and thoroughly practical busi- 
ness men, who know when and how to make investments to 
the best advantage. They should also be men in whom the 
business world would have confidence. No brother should 
accept the office unless he feels himself qualified, and is will- 
ing to devote time and care to the performance of his trust. He 
should be as careful of the interests of those who confide in him 
as he is of his own. He should see that the accruing interest is 
collected as soon as it is due, and have it invested. Our system 
of dues and benefits is based upon compound interest, and if it 
is not carried out the Lodge will fail to meet its obligations. 

RELIEF COMMITTEES. 

As the Supreme Lodge has recommended that Relief Commit- 
tees be established in all towns or cities where two or more 
Lodges are located, a few remarks concerning these Committees 
will not be inappropriate at this place. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 1 97 

It is the duty of Relief Committees to look after sick or dis- 
tressed brothers, to pay them their benefits, or make donations 
or loans. They are found to answer the purpose for which they 
are established, and to perform the work much better than when 
it is left to individual Lodges. In large cities where there is no 
Relief Committee, the burthen of relieving transient brothers 
generally falls on those Lodges most centrally located ; whereas, 
if there is a Relief Committee, the burthen falls on all alike, as 
the Committee obtains the necessary funds to carry out the ob- 
jects of its appointment by assessments on the Lodges in the 
place where the Committee is located, according to their mem- 
bership. The Committees are composed of one or more repre- 
sentatives from each Lodge in the place, who are elected or 
appointed for a specified time — generally six months or a year. 
Lodges should endeavor to make as few changes as possible in 
their representatives, as the longer a brother acts in that capac- 
ity the better qualified he becomes to discharge the required 
duties and to detect impostors. The Committee should have a 
President, Secretary, and Treasurer. It can have other officers 
if it deems proper. The officers perform such duties as are 
required of them by the Committee. The Secretary should 
understand book-keeping and be a good penman, as he is 
required to keep the minutes, accounts, and do all the corre- 
sponding for the Committee. At the end of each term he should 
make a report to the Lodges of the transactions of the Commit- 
tee. If the reports are printed, it would be an act of courtesy to 
send copies to the Grand Lodge, to the other Relief Committees 
of the Order, and to each Lodge to whose member the Com- 
mittee has granted aid during the term. The Committee should 
have a seal to be used by the Secretary on all letters or other offi- 
cial documents of the Committee. 

In large cities, where there is much sickness, it would be well 
for the Committee to district the city, appointing at least one 
member to each district, who should visit the sick in their respec- 
tive districts once a week, or oftener if the case requires it. 

In making loans or donations the Committee should require 

the applicant to present satisfactory evidence that he is a member 
I7 * 



I98 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

in good standing. Where there are Relief Committees of other 
societies in the same place, it would be well for all to work in 
unison, to a certain extent at least. When the person asking for 
aid states that he belongs to two or three societies the Relief 
Committees of the other Orders should be consulted, and the 
desired amount raised between them. Should the party not state 
that he is a member of another Order, and you grant him aid, 
notify the other committees of the fact at once, and when the 
other committees grant relief let them return the compliment. 
In this manner each will be able to save considerable money in 
the course of the year. When a committee detects an impostor, 
it should immediately notify every other Relief Committee and 
the publications of the Order. It would also be well to notify 
the Lodges in the smaller towns in the direction the impostor is 
supposed to have taken. This can be done by having the in- 
formation printed on postal cards or circulars, always giving a 
description of the party. Names do not amount to much, as 
they may be changed at every stopping place. Wherever there 
is a Relief Committee, all applicants for aid should be sent to it. 






Appointive Officers. 



THE officers of a Subordinate Lodge are divided into elective 
and appointive. The appointive officers are four Attend- 
ants, Outer Guard, Inner Guard, and Master-at-Arms. In 
some States the latter is an elective office. These are appointed 
by the Chancellor Commander on the night of his installation. 
Any Knight having served one full term in an appointive or 
elective office is eligible to the chair of Vice Chancellor. The 
general and special duties of each officer are defined in the 
charge-books and in the constitution of each jurisdiction, but we 
will enumerate the most important of them, together with the 
regalia and station of each officer. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 



m 



ATTENDANTS. 

Jewel. — A three-inch triangle with flaming torch, all of white 
metal. 

Regalia. — A plain red collar. 





Duties. — To assist the sitting Past Chancellor in preparing 
the room for the conferring of ranks, and to perform such other 
duties as may be required. 






OUTER GUARD. 

Jewel. — A three-inch triangle with a sword, all of white 
metal. 

Regalia. — A collar of scarlet velvet, 
trimmed with silver lace border half- 
inch wide. 

Station. — In the ante-room, outside 
of the inner door, and to take charge 
of the outer door. 

Duties. — The Outer Guard has 
charge of the ante-room, and upon his 
fidelity depends the safety of the Lodge. It is his duty to admit 
no one who is not in possession of the semi-annual password, 
unless authorized by the Chancellor Commander; to see that 
brethren clothe themselves in proper regalia ; to take charge of 




200 



THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 



the regalia, and to perform such other duties as are prescribed 
in the Ritual, and the Chancellor Commander may direct. 



INNER GUARD. 

Jewel. — A three-inch triangle with crossed swords, all of 
white metal. 

Regalia. — Same as Outer Guard. 

Station. — At the inner door and near 
the Vice Chancellor. 

Duties. — To allow no one to enter 
the Lodge who is not clothed in the ap- 
propriate regalia of his rank, and who is 
not in possession of the password, unless 
authorized to do so by the proper officer, 
and to obey the commands of the Chancellor Commander. 




MASTER-AT-ARMS. 






Jewel. — A three-inch triangle, with lance, battle-axe, and 
sword, all of white metal. 

Regalia. — Same as Outer Guard. 
Station. — At the right, and in front 
of the Chancellor Commander. 

Duties. — This is the most important 
of the appointive offices. The Master- 
at-Arms has charge of the properties of 
the Lodge, and is responsible for the 
safe-keeping thereof. He must examine 
every person in the room before the Lodge is opened, and 
report the result of such examination to the Chancellor Com- 
mander. He is to receive and conduct all candidates during 
the ceremonies of initiation, proving and charging in the 
different grades of Rank, and perform such other duties as are 
required of him by the Ritual. The incumbent of this office 
should be active, attentive, and obliging. He should also be 




COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 201 

possessed of a good memory, so that he will not have to refer 
to the charge-book when required to perform any duty or to de- 
liver a charge. 



Elective Officers. 



THE elective officers of the Subordinate Lodge are Keeper of 
Records and Seal, Master of Finance, Master of Exchequer, 
who are generally elected annually at the last meeting in 
December; and the Prelate, Vice Chancellor, and Chancellor 
Commander, who are elected semi-annually on the last meeting 
night in June and December. In some States the Master-at- 
Arms is an elective officer. Any Knight in good standing is 
eligible to every appointive and elective office in the Lodge, ex- 
cept Vice Chancellor and Chancellor Commander. One term in 
an appointive or elective office is requisite to be eligible to the 
office of Vice Chancellor ; and one term as Vice Chancellor to 
that of Chancellor Commander. The Chancellor Commander, 
by virtue of service in that office till the end of the term, be- 
comes Past Chancellor. Each officer is required to serve till the 
end of the term, in order to be entitled to the honors of his office; 
should he resign, the honors go to his successor. 

There are general duties required of each officer in the Ritual. 
There are also special duties that vary in different jurisdictions. 
Our space will permit us to mention only the most important. 
It is expected that each officer will study the laws of his jurisdic- 
tion, and the Ritual, so that he will be thoroughly conversant 
with his duty. 

KEEPER OF RECORDS AND SEAL. 

Jewel. — A three-inch triangle with crossed pens, all of white 
metal. 

Regalia. — A collar of scarlet velvet, trimmed with silver lace 
border. 



202 



THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 







Station. — At the head of Lodge-room, and on the right hand 
of the Chancellor Commander. 

Duties. — It is the duty of the Keeper of Records and Seal to 
keep a just and impartial record of all 
proceedings of the Lodge ; conduct all 
its correspondence ; make out semi-an- 
nual returns and transmit the same to 
the Grand Lodge of his jurisdiction; 
also to transmit to the Grand Keeper 
of Records and Seal a list of the sus- 
pensions, withdrawals, and reinstate- 
ment of members, and perform such 
other duties as may be prescribed by the constitution and by- 
laws of his Lodge. The seal of the Lodge is in his keeping, and 
no one else (except the Master of Finance, in stamping official 
receipts for dues) has a right to use it, and he only on docu- 
ments authorized by the Lodge. No one is privileged to inter- 
fere with the books and papers of his office, except the Chancellor 
Commander, D. D. Grand Chancellor, and Grand Chancellor 
of his jurisdiction. But he should be always ready and willing 
to give members of the Lodge any desired information as to its 
affairs. His chirography should be neat and legible, and spelling 
correct. He should be careful to omit no business actually 
transacted by the Lodge, and to keep his records and papers so 
that he may refer to any particular business transacted at a former 
meeting without loss of time. We have treated on the manner 
of keeping minutes in a former chapter, to which we would refer 
the attention of Keepers of Records and Seal. 



MASTER OF FINANCE. 

Jewel. — A three-inch triangle with pen and key crossed, all 
of white metal. 

Regalia. — Same as Keeper of Records and Seal. 

Station. — At the left of the Chancellor Commander, and on a 
line with the Keeper of Records and Seal. 

Duties. — The duties of the Master of Finance are to keep an 
accurate account between the Lodge and its members ; receive 




COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 203 

all moneys, and pay the same over to the Master of Exchequer, 
taking his receipt therefor; to make out his semi-annual re- 
port and present it to the Lodge, and 
perform such other duties as may be re- 
quired of him by the Ritual of the 
Order and the laws of his jurisdiction. 

The brother holding this office should 
be a practical book-keeper and account- 
ant, and when a Lodge succeeds in 
getting a Master of Finance who is in 
every respect qualified, it should be 
loth to change. He should be prompt, exact, and courteous; 
as much of the peace and prosperity of the Lodge depends upon 
his exercise of these virtues. Be just and fear not. 

For the benefit of those filling this office, who are not practical 
book-keepers, and who wish to keep their books by double entry, 
we will offer the following suggestions : 

In keeping books by double entry, you must keep constantly 
in mind that every debit must have a credit, and every credit a 
debit. This system of keeping books may appear much more 
difficult than by single entry, yet persons are less liable to make 
errors or omissions. Besides the personal, the following accounts 
should be opened in your Ledger, viz. : Cash, Treasurer, Initia- 
tions and Degrees, Cards Deposited, Dues, Expense, Benefits, 
and it may be necessary to open some others. It would be well 
to leave several pages each for the first, second, third, fifth, and 
sixth accounts above named. The money accompanying a peti- 
tion, either for initiations or degrees, should not be entered on 
the book until the applicant receives that for which he applied. 
Then debit Cash and credit the Initiation and Degrees account, 
stating from whom received. If the person is admitted on card, 
credit Cards Deposited instead of Initiation and Degrees account. 
/v: the commencement of every quarter, debit each member with 
> a quarter's dues, and credit Dues with the amount. When he 
pays, credit him and debit Cash. Should he die or withdraw 
•before the end of the quarter, or time for which he has paid, you 
will give an order on the Treasurer for the overpaid dues, and 



204 



THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 



debit the Dues account. When a brother is dropped for non- 
payment of dues, you may close his account by crediting him 
and debiting dues account. Be sure and state how his account 
is closed, so that there will be no mistake in case he should 
apply for reinstatement. In paying the receipts to the Treasurer, 
credit Cash and debit the Treasurer. When benefits are allowed 
to a brother, and the order for the same is not drawn, credit him 
with the amount and debit Benefits. Whenever you give an 
order on the Treasurer, you credit him and debit whatever ac- 
count the order is drawn for ; if for benefits, the Benefit account ; 
if for expense, the Expense account. At the end of the term, 
bring down the balance in your primary accounts (such as Treas- 
urer, etc.), and close all of your secondary accounts (such as 
Initiation and Degrees, Expense, etc.) into Profit and Loss. 
After you have done that, close Profit and Loss into the Assets 
account. 

With a little thought, you will be always able to tell which 
account should be debited and which credited. If you are care- 
ful that each debit has a credit, and vice versa, your books will 
always balance. You will require a Day-Book, Journal, and 
Ledger, and perhaps one or two other books. 



Jewel. 



MASTER OF EXCHEQUER. 
A three-inch triangle with crossed keys, all of white 
metal. 

Regalia. — Same as Keeper of Rec- 
ords and Seal. 

Station. — At the left of the Chan- 
cellor Commander, and by the side of 
the Master of Finance. 

Duties. — To his care are intrusted 
the funds of the Lodge, of which he is 
to keep a just and accurate account. 
He should, therefore, be a good book- 
keeper and accountant, of undoubted integrity and respecta- 
ble business talent. It is his duty to require that all the forms 
and safeguards of business are conformed with before he pays out 




COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 



205 



any money, and to receive Lodge money only through the Mas- 
ter of Finance. 

He should be punctual in his attendance at Lodge meet- 
ings, and keep his accounts and vouchers in such a shape that he 
can make a report whenever called upon by the Lodge. He is 
required by law to make a return at the end of each term. 




PRELATE. 

Jewel. — A three-inch triangle and circle of white, and open 
Bible of yellow metal. 

Regalia. — A black velvet collar with 
silver fringe one and a half inches long, 
and silver lace border on inner edge 
half-inch wide. 

Station. — On the left-hand side of 
the Chancellor Commander, at centre 
of Lodge, and in a direct line as drawn 
from the Past Chancellor over or through 
the altar, opposite the position of the Past Chancellor. The sur- 
roundings are black. 

Duties. — The Prelate is the third executive officer of the 
Lodge. It is his duty to assist at initiations and in conferring the 
different ranks, and to perform such other duties as are required 
of him by the Constitution, laws, and usages of the Order. He 
should be of unblemished character, so that when he is called 
upon to perform the duties of Chaplain it will not appear as 
mockery. 

VICE CHANCELLOR. 

Jewel. — A three-inch triangle and lance of- white, and es- 
cutcheon of yellow metal. 

Regalia. — A collar of scarlet velvet, 
with silver fringe one and a half inches 
long, and silver lace border on inner 
edge half-inch wide. 

Station. — At the lower end of the 
room opposite the Chancellor Com- 
mander. The surroundings of his chair 
are blue. 
18 







206 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

Duties. — It is his duty to assist the Chancellor Commander in 
preserving order and decorum ; to aid in conducting the cere- 
monies of the several grades of rank ; to preside in the absence 
of the Chancellor Commander; appoint the minorities of all 
committees (unless otherwise ordered by the Lodge), and have 
charge of the inner door during the sessions of the Lodge ; to 
visit the sick, care for the needy and distressed, chide the wrong- 
doer, and perform such other duties as the law and Ritual may 
require. 

As he occupies the second official chair, and is the almost cer- 
tain successor of the Chancellor Commander, his qualifications 
should in nowise be inferior to those required of the occupant 
of the first chair. While acting as Vice Chancellor he should be 
committing to memory the charges of the first chair. He should 
also study the merits and qualifications of the different members, 
so that he may appoint the best as officers, and on the different 
committees, when he is promoted. 

CHANCELLOR COMMANDER. 

Jewel. — A double triangle with crossed swords and lance in 
white, and escutcheon in yellow metal. 

Regalia. — Same as for Vice Chan- 
cellor. 

Station. — At the head or upper end 
of the room. The surroundings of his 
chair are red. 

Duties. — The Chancellor Commander 
is the presiding officer of the Lodge, 
and, as such, has charge of the officers, 
members, and visitors of his Lodge. 
He must not only perform his own, but 
see that all the subordinate officers discharge their duties, and 
govern the Lodge without fear or favor. The charge-books 
are in his possession, and he should be careful that no one 
who is not entitled shall have access to them. He should be 
thoroughly posted in the laws and work of the Order, and in 
parliamentary, usage, so that he may decide promptly upon any 




COMPLETE MANU4L AND TEXT-BOOK. 



207 



questions that may arise; but in making decisions he must 
remember that his own opinions should have no weight. He 
must be able to control his temper, so as not to become angry 
when business does not go to suit him ; and deal impartially in 
all matters brought before him ; and listen to the opinions of 
all — the youngest Knight has the same right to be heard as the 
oldest past officer, and the Chancellor Commander is bound to 
protect him in his rights. He is one of the Visiting Committee, 
and it is his duty to call on sick brethren at least once a week ; 
if they are in need of watchers, to appoint brethren to perform 
that duty. As the chief officer of the Lodge he should endeavor 
to set an example of morality and uprightness to the members. 
He is looked upon by outsiders as a representative of the Lodge ; 
and if he does not conduct himself as he should, the Lodge 
suffers in reputation. 



PAST CHANCELLOR. 

Jewel. — An irregular pentagon of white metal, with escutch- 
eon of yellow metal. 

Regalia. — A collar of scarlet velvet, 
with gold fringe one and a half inches 
long, and gold lace border on inner edge 
half-inch wide. 

Station. — On the right-hand side of 
the Lodge, midway or centre of the 
room, looking from the Chancellor Com- 
mander's station to the Vice Chancellor 
at the opposite end. The color of his 
station is yellow. 

Duties. — This office is acquired by service. The retiring 
Chancellor Commander fills this chair for one term, after the 
expiration of his term as chief officer of the Lodge. He is to 
have charge of, and be held responsible for, all floor-work, or 
ceremonials in conferring the degrees, and to perform any other 
duties detailed for him to do by the Chancellor Commander 
when the Lodge is working. 

He should be prompt in attending the meetings of his Lodge, 




208 THE KNIGHTS. OF PYTHIAS 

and be ready to give the Chancellor Commander the benefit of 
his experience. Having served his Lodge as Chancellor Com- 
mander faithfully unto the end of the term, he is now entitled to 
the Grand Lodge Degree, and to a seat in that body. 



Grand Lodges. 

HOW COMMENCED AND CONSTITUTED. 

UNTIL a Grand Lodge is formed in a State, District, Terri- 
tory, or country, all the Subordinate Lodges are under the 
immediate control of the Supreme Lodge, and pay to it 
fifty cents per capita tax on each member annually. Where 
there are five or more Subordinate Lodges established, and in 
working order in any Jurisdiction, they may, through the Deputy 
Supreme Chancellor, "petition the Supreme Chancellor, who 
shall cause the Supreme Keeper of Records and Seal to notify 
each of the Lodges of that Jurisdiction to elect two Representa- 
tives for the unexpired balance of the year, up to the 31st of 
December following, on the first meeting night of the Lodge 
after the receipt of the communication." 

The Representatives elect, together with the Past Chancellors 
of the five or more Lodges, shall meet at such place as may be 
named by the Supreme Chancellor, for the purpose of organizing 
a Grand Lodge. The Representatives should be provided with 
certificates of election, and a list of the Past Chancellors in good 
standing in the different Lodges should also be furnished the 
convention. They should elect their officers, being careful to 
choose the best men for each position, make out a notice of 
their organization and names of the officers elected, and forward 
it, along with the dispensation fee, to the Supreme Keeper of 
Records and Seal, through the Supreme Chancellor. As soon as 
organized they shall elect two Representatives to the Supreme 
Lodge, who thereby become Past Grand Chancellors. 

The Supreme Chancellor, upon receiving the notice of organ- 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK 209 

ization, etc., will install, or cause to be installed by a Deputy 
Supreme Chancellor, the officers of said Grand Lodge. The 
Grand Lodge shall then adopt a constitution and by-laws for its 
own government, subject to the approval of the Supreme Chan- 
cellor, appoint the necessary standing committees, and do such 
other business as may be necessary at the commencement. 
These could have been agreed upon beforehand, so that the 
Grand Lodge need waste but little time in their consideration. 

It should then apply for a charter, by petition, to the next 
regular session of the Supreme Lodge. The petition should be 
accompanied with the reports, constitution, and by-laws, "all of 
which shall be referred to the proper committees, when the re- 
ports being favorable, and the committee on charters and dis- 
pensations reporting and recommending that a charter be issued, 
and the Supreme Lodge concurring therein, the charter shall 
then be issued, but not otherwise." 

The Grand Lodge exercises control over the Subordinate 
Lodges within its jurisdiction, and possesses the right and power 
to grant charters ; to suspend or take away the same upon proper 
cause ; to receive and hear all appeals ; to redress grievances and 
complaints arising in the Lodges within its jurisdiction ; and of 
enacting such laws for its government as do not conflict with 
those of the Supreme Lodge. It stands in the same relation to 
the Supreme Lodge as the Subordinates in its jurisdiction do to 
it. The Grand Lodge derives its revenue from charter-fees, 
profit on the sale of supplies, and a per capita tax on the Knights 
in good standing in each Lodge, or percentage upon the re- 
ceipts of Lodges. 

The business of the Grand Lodge is transacted in the Grand 
Lodge Degree. 

MEMBERS AND REPRESENTATIVES. 

Each Past Chancellor in good standing in his Subordinate 
Lodge, is a member of the Grand Lodge of his jurisdiction, and 
is entitled to attend its sessions, and receive the degree, to vote 
for Grand officers, to be elected to and hold office in the Grand 
Lodge ; and he cannot be deprived of these rights so long as he 
18* O 



2IO THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

is in good standing. In those jurisdictions where the legislative 
power is not delegated to Representatives chosen by the Subor- 
dinate Lodges, each Past Chancellor has the right to vote and 
speak, and take part in all the proceedings of the Grand Lodge. 
Each Past Chancellor, upon completing his term as Chancellor 
Commander, should receive a certificate of the fact under the 
seal of his Lodge. Upon presenting his certificate at the Grand 
Lodge he is waited upon by the proper officer, and, after exami- 
nation, receives the degree to which he is entitled, and con- 
ducted to a seat. 

In those jurisdictions where the number of Past Chancellors is 
large, the legislative power is generally delegated to a few, who 
are chosen to represent either a Lodge or a district composed of 
a specified number of Knights. Representatives are elected in 
the same manner as the officers of the Subordinate Lodge, all 
Knights in good standing being entitled to vote. No one but 
Past Chancellors are eligible to the office of Representative. 
The person elected is entitled to a certificate of election from 
the Lodge, or the District Deputy, where there are more than 
one Lodge in a district. In those jurisdictions where the legis- 
lative power is vested in. Representatives, all Past Chancellors 
have the right to attend Grand Lodge and to vote for Grand 
officers, yet none but the Representatives have a right to take 
part in the proceedings of the Grand Lodge. 

At the sessions of Grand Lodges the business is generally car- 
ried on by the aid of committees provided for in their respective 
constitutions and by-laws, or appointed as the occasion requires. 
Nearly all measures are first referred to appropriate committees, 
and after being considered and perfected are reported back to 
the Grand Lodge for action. 

The regalia for Representatives is the same as for Past Chan- 
cellor, with a rosette on the left side, with the number of Lodge 
or District represented, and approved and adopted jewel pendant. 

OFFICERS. 

The officers of a Grand Lodge are : the Past Grand Chancellor, 
who is the retiring Grand Chancellor, Grand Chancellor, Grand 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 211 

Vice Chancellor, Grand Prelate, Grand Master of Exchequer, 
Grand Keeper of Records and Seal, and Supreme Represen- 
tative, all of whom are elected ; the Grand Master-at-Arms, 
Grand Inner Guard, and Grand Outer Guard, who are elected 
or appointed as the Grand Lodge 'may determine; and the 
District Deputy Grand Chancellors, who are appointed by the 
Grand Chancellor. The manner of electing Grand officers is 
left to each jurisdiction. In some they are elected by the 
Past Chancellors present at the session of the Grand Lodge. In 
others, the law provides that any Past Chancellor in good stand- 
ing may forward to the Grand Chancellor the name of any Past 
Chancellor, also in good standing, stating the office to which 
he is nominated, prior to a certain date named in the constitu- 
tion of the jurisdiction. The Grand Chancellor, upon the expi- 
ration of the date limiting nominations, notifies the Past Chan- 
cellor of his nomination, requesting him to accept or decline by 
a certain time. Upon the expiration of the time specified the 
Grand Chancellor forwards the names of all the Past Chancellors 
who have accepted, stating the office for which they are nomi- 
nated, to the Grand Keeper of Records and Seal, who has them 
printed and transmitted to the several Lodges. On the night of 
election, generally the last stated meeting in June or December, 
tellers are appointed, and all the Past Chancellors present in 
their respective Lodges are entitled to vote for Grand officers. 
After the polls are closed the votes are counted, the result 
announced, a true record is made on the minutes, and a true 
record, under the seal of the Lodge, sent to the Grand Chancel- 
lor, marked " Election Returns." The Grand Chancellor, upon 
a certain date, calls to his assistance two or three Past Chancel- 
lors and proceeds to count the vote, and announces the vote to 
the Grand Lodge. He also notifies the Subordinate Lodges of 
the result of the votes cast, prior to the meeting of the Grand 
Lodge. The candidate receiving the highest number of votes 
for each office is declared elected. By this mode of election all 
Past Chancellors have a chance to exercise their right to vote, 
whereas, where the Grand officers are elected at the session of 
the Grand Lodge, many are practically disfranchised. 



212 



THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 



District Deputy Grand Chancellors are appointed by the Grand 
Chancellor to represent him in their allotted Lodge or District. 
It is their duty to see that the work of the Order is performed 
uniformly, to install, or cause to be installed, the officers of the 
Lodge or Lodges under their charge, and perform such other 
duties as the Grand Lodge or Grand Chancellor may direct. 
They should be well posted in the law and work of the Order, 
so that they may instruct the officers, and render decisions 
when called upon by the Lodge or Lodges under their control. 
They have no voice in the Grand Lodge, except as Past Chan- 
cellors, and are not entitled to mileage or per diem should they 
attend its sessions. Their regalia is the same as that for Past 
Chancellors. The jewel for a District Deputy Grand Chancel- 
lor is the same as that for the Grand Outer Guard, except that 
the emblem is a scroll. 

GRAND OUTER GUARD. 



Jewel. — A three and one-half inch oval, inclosing shield, 
which covers a triangle. On the shield is 
a sword. Oval and shield of yellow, and 
triangle and emblem of white metal.* 

Regalia. — Collar of scarlet velvet, with 
gold fringe one and a half inches long, and 
gold lace border on inner edge half-inch 
wide. Form of collar same as for Subordi- 
nate Lodge. 

Duties. — He has charge of the outer door, 
and cannot admit any one without the pass- 
word, unless ordered to do so by the Grand 
Chancellor. He is held responsible for the regalia, jewels, etc., 




* The jewels of all the Grand officers are the same, with the exception of 
their respective emblems on the shield. For illustration, see Past Grand 
Chancellor's jewel. The jewels are to be worn pendant to the collar, except 
when the officer or Past officer is dressed in the " Full Gala," " Ordinary 
Parade," or " Fatigue Dress," when they are to be worn upon the left breast 
in open sight. * 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT- BO OK. 



213 



of the Grand Lodge while it is in session, and is generally 

compensated for the faithful discharge of his 

duties. ^™' 

GRAND INNER GUARD. 

Jewel. — Same as Grand Outer Guard, 
with crossed swords. 

Regalia. — Same as for Grand Outer 
Guard. 

Duties. — The duties of this officer are 
similar to those of the Inner Guard in the 
Subordinate Lodge. 

GRAND MASTER-AT-ARMS. 

Jewel. — Same as Grand Outer Guard, 
with lance, battle-axe, and sword crossed. 

Regalia. — Same as for Grand Outer 
Guard. 

Duties. — It is his duty to assist in the 
ceremonies of the Grand Lodge, to preserve 
order therein, to examine new members and 
Representatives and conduct them into the 
Grand Lodge, and to execute the com- 
mands of the Grand Chancellor. 

GRAND KEEPER OF RECORDS AND SEAL. 

Jewel. — Same as Grand Outer Guard, with crossed pens. 

Regalia. — Same as for Grand Outer 
Guard. 

Duties. — It is his duty to keep a just 
and true record of all the proceedings of 
the Grand Lodge. He has charge of the 
seal, books, papers, and other properties of 
the Grand Lodge. He prepares all char- 
ters and dispensations for Subordinate 
Lodges ; attests all official papers and docu- 
ments, and performs such other duties as are 
required of him by the laws and regulations 





2T4 



THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 



of the Order, for which he receives a regular salary. At each 
annual session he presents a report of the general condition of 
the Order in his jurisdiction. He is required to have an office 
and keep regular office hours. 




GRAND MASTER OF EXCHEQUER. 

Jewel. — Same as Grand Outer Guard, with crossed keys. 

Regalia. — Same as that worn by the 
Grand Outer Guard. 

Duties. — His duties are similar to those 
performed by the Master of Exchequer in 
the Subordinate Lodge. To receive all 
funds for the use of the Grand Lodge from 
the Grand Keeper of Records and Seal ; 
pay all orders drawn on him by the Grand 
Chancellor properly attested. He should 
understand bookkeeping, so that he may 
keep his accounts in a proper manner, ex- 
hibiting the amount and source from which received, and the 
purposes and amounts of disbursements, and to give a statement 
in writing at the session of the Grand 
Lodge, or whenever required to do so by 
that body. His books are subject to the 
examination of the Financial Committee 
whenever they see proper. 

GRAND PRELATE. 

Jewel. — Same as Grand Outer Guard, 
with open Bible. 

Regalia. — Same as for Grand Outer 
Guard. 
Duties. — To open and close the 
prayer, and perform such other duties 
office. 

GRAND VICE CHANCELLOR, 
Jewel. — Same as Grand Outer Guard, with baton. 
Regalia. — Same as for Grand Outer Guard. 




Grand Lodge with 
as comport with his 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 



215 




Duties. — He is to act as counsellor and assistant of the 
Grand Chancellor, and in his absence to 
preside over the Grand Lodge. In case 
of the death, removal, inability, or resigna- 
tion of the Grand Chancellor, the powers 
and duties of said officer devolve upon the 
Grand Vice Chancellor for the rest of the 
term, or until a successor is supplied by 
special election. In view of such an event, 
as much care should be taken in the choice 
of the Grand Vice Chancellor as in that 
of the Grand Chancellor. 

DISTRICT DEPUTY GRAND CHANCELLOR. 

Jewel. — Same as Grand Outer Guard, ex- 
cept that the emblem is a scroll. 

Regalia. — Same as for Past Chancellor. 

Duties. — He is appointed by the Grand 
Chancellor to represent him in his allotted 
Lodge or District. It is his duty to see that 
the work of the Order is performed uniformly, 
to install, or cause to be installed, the officers 
of the Lodge or Lodges under his charge, and 
perform such other duties as the G. L. or G. 
C. may direct. 

GRAND CHANCELLOR. 

Jewel. — Same as Grand Outer Guard, with a gauntlet closed 
and grasping a truncheon. 

Regalia. — Same as for Grand Outer 
Guard. 

Duties. — His duties are to preside and 
preserve order at all sessions of the Grand 
Lodge ; appoint Grand officers pro tern, in 
case of the temporary absence or disqualifi- 
cation of any Grand officer ; appoint all 
committees, unless otherwise ordered ; exer- 
cise a general supervision over the Order in 
his jurisdiction ; to decide questions of law 





216 



THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 



and usage during the recess of the Grand Lodge, and to perform 
such other duties as belong to an executive and presiding officer 
of a Grand body. He appoints persons to represent him in 
the different Lodges or Districts of his jurisdiction, and he may 
remove them at any time for good cause. 

PAST GRAND CHANCELLOR. 
Jewel. — Same as Grand Outer Guard, with escutcheon. 

Regalia. — Black velvet collar trimmed 
with gold lace and fringe, and " P. G. C." 
embroidered in gold on left side. 

Duties. — The retiring Grand Chancellor 
shall fill the office of Past Grand Chancel- 
lor. He shall have charge and supervise 
the arrangement of the altar or any other 
necessary floor -work, and perfofrn such 
other duties as may be required of him. 
Having served as Grand Chancellor till the 
end of the term, he is entitled to the Su- 
preme Lodge Degree, and to a seat in the Supreme Lodge. 




Supreme Lodge. 



ITS POWERS, HOW CONSTITUTED AND SUP- 
PORTED. 

THE Supreme Lodge of the Knights of Pythias of the World 
is the source of all true and legitimate authority over the 
Order, and as such "possesses original and exclusive juris- 
diction and power to establish, regulate, and control the forms, 
ceremonies, written and unwritten work, and to change, alter, 
and annul the same; " "to provide, print, and furnish all Rit- 
uals, forms, ceremonies, cards, odes, charts, and certificates ; to 
prescribe the form, material, and color of all regalia, emblems, 
jewels, and charts, and to designate the uniform of the Order ; 
to provide for the emanation and distribution of all passwords ; " 
" to establish the Order in States, Districts, Territories, Prov- 
inces, or countries where the same has not been engrafted; " to 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 2\J 

provide a revenue for the Supreme Lodge ; to provide for annual 
returns from each Grand Lodge, and for semi-annual returns from 
each Subordinate Lodge under its immediate jurisdiction; "to 
hear and determine all appeals from Grand and Subordinate 
Lodges, when the same are properly brought before it;" "to 
enact all laws and regulations of general application," and carry 
the same into effect ; to charter Grand Lodges and define the 
territorial extent of their jurisdiction, and to charter Subordi- 
nate Lodges not within the territorial jurisdiction of any Grand 
Lodge, and to provide a constitution for each Subordinate Lodge 
under its immediate jurisdiction. 

The sessions of the Supreme Lodge are held annually at such 
time in the months of April, May, June, July, or August, and at 
such place as was agreed upon at the preceding annual session. 
Should there have been no date fixed, it shall meet on the third 
Tuesday in April, and if no place has been agreed upon, the 
session shall be held at Baltimore, Maryland. The business is 
transacted in the Supreme Lodge Degree. It is constituted of 
all Past Supreme Chancellors, its officers, Representatives, and 
Past Grand Chancellors. Past Supreme Chancellors are entitled 
to discuss any question, but the right to vote is limited to the 
officers and Representatives. All Past Grand Chancellors, duly 
recognized by the Supreme Lodge, are admitted to its sessions 
and to seats therein, but are not entitled to speak, unless by per- 
mission of the Supreme Lodge. 

Each Grand Jurisdiction is entitled to two Representatives 
until it has 20,000 members, and one more for each additional 
10,000 members ; but no Grand Lodge is entitled to more than 
four Representatives. They must be Past Grand Chancellors in 
good standing in their respective Grand and Subordinate Lodges. 
They are elected in the same manner as the Grand officers of 
their jurisdictions, and serve for two years ; the term of one, or, 
if there are four Representatives, two, from each Grand Lodge 
expiring each year. The Supreme Lodge pays the mileage and 
necessary expenses of its officers and Representatives. 

The revenue of the Supreme Lodge is derived from dispen- 
sation and charter fees ; profits on memorial charts, jewels, odes, 
charge, and installation books, etc. ; the tax of $75 annually on 
19 



218 



THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 



each Grand Lodge for each Representative to which they are 
entitled, and a per capita tax on the Subordinate Lodges under 
its immediate jurisdiction. 

OFFICERS. 

The officers of the Supreme Lodge are : Past Supreme Chan- 
cellor, Supreme Chancellor, Supreme Vice Chancellor, Supreme 
Prelate, Supreme Master of Exchequer, Supreme Keeper of Rec- 
ords and Seal, Supreme Master-at-Arms, Supreme Inner Guard, 
Supreme Outer Guard, all of whom, except the Past Supreme 
Chancellor, are elected biennially. The election is by ballot ; a 
majority of all the votes cast being necessary to a choice. In 
case of a tie, the balloting continues until a choice is made ; the 
name of the brother receiving the lowest number of votes at 
each ballot is withdrawn. No one is eligible to any office in the 
Supreme Lodge, unless he has been duly admitted, by being 
either a Supreme Representative or a Past Grand Chancellor. 

In addition to the above, there are also Deputy Supreme 
Chancellors, who are appointed by the Supreme Chancellor to 
represent him in the State, District, Territory, or foreign coun- 
try having no Grand Lodge. It is their duty to install the offi- 
cers of the jurisdiction under their control, or cause the same to 
be done, and to transact such business as the Supreme Chan- 
cellor may direct. The jewel of the Deputy Supreme Chancellor is 

the same as that for Supreme Outer 
Guard, with globe on upper and 
scroll on lower portion of the tri- 
angle. 

SUPREME OUTER GUARD. 

Jewel. — A four-inch circle of 
yellow metal inclosing triangle of 
white metal. On the upper portion 
of the triangle is a globe, and on 
the lower portion a sword, both 
of yellow metal.* 

* The jewels of all the Supreme officers are the same, with the exception 
of their respective emblems on the triangle. 







COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK, 



219 




Regalia. — Collar of purple, skirted with scarlet, trimmed 
with helmet, globe, and tassels, lace and fringe of gilt bullion. 

Duties. — The duties of this officer are similar to those of the 
Outer Guard in the Grand Lodge. 

SUPREME INNER GUARD. 

Jewel. — Same as Supreme Outer Guard, with globe on upper 
and crossed swords on lower portion 
of the triangle. 

Regalia. — Same as that worn 
by the Supreme Outer Guard. 

Duties. — He is to guard the in- 
ner door f to admit none who are 
not legally qualified, and perform 
such other duties as may be re- 
quired of him by the Supreme 
Lodge. 

SUPREME MASTER-AT-ARMS. 

Jewel. — Same as Supreme Outer Guard, with globe on the 
upper, and crossed sword, lance, and 
battle-axe on the lower portion of 
the triangle. 

Regalia. — Same as that worn 
by the Supreme Outer Guard. 

Duties. — The duties of this 
officer are such as are traditionally 
appropriate to his station, or such 
as may be assigned him by the Su- 
preme Lodge. 

SUPREME KEEPER OF RECORDS AND SEAL. 
Jewel. — Same as Supreme Outer Guard, with globe on upper 
and crossed pens on lower portion of the triangle. 

Regalia. — Same as that worn by the Supreme Outer Guard. 
Duties. — He shall keep a just and true record of all the pro- 




220 



THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 



ceedings of the Supreme Council and Lodge, and transmit annu- 
ally to each Grand Lodge as many copies thereof as the Lodge 

has Past Grand Chancellors and 
officers, and one copy for each 
Subordinate Lodge in their several 
jurisdictions, and one to each 
Lodge under the immediate jurisdic- 
tion of the Supreme Lodge. He is 
to collect all the revenues of the 
Supreme Lodge and pay the same 
over to the Supreme Master of Ex- 
chequer. He has charge of all 
books, papers, and. other properties 
of the Supreme Lodge. He prepares all charters for Grand 
Lodges ; attests all necessary official papers and documents, and 
performs such other duties as are required of him by the laws 
of the Order, and the Supreme Chancellor and Supreme Lodge 
may direct. He receives a stated salary per annum, payable 
quarterly, and is required to give bond in the sum of ten thou- 
sand dollars for the faithful performance of his duties. 




SUPREME MASTER OF EXCHEQUER. 

Jewel. — Same as Supreme Outer Guard, with globe on upper 
and crossed keys on lower portion of the triangle. 

Regalia. — Same as that worn 
by the Supreme Outer Guard. 

Duties. — He shall render a true 
and faithful account of his doings to 
the Supreme Lodge at its annual 
session, together with an account of 
all moneys received and disbursed, 
and the earnings accrued from in- 
vestments ; pay all orders drawn on 
him by the Supreme Chancellor, 
properly attested by the S. K. of R. 
and S. For the faithful performance of his duties he is required 
to give bond in the sum of ten thousand dollars. 




COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 



221 




SUPREME PRELATE. 

Jewel. — Same as Supreme Outer Guard, with globe on upper 
and an open Bible on lower portion of the triangle. 

Regalia. — White collar, skirted 
with scarlet, trimmed with gilt lace 
and bullion fringe and tassels. On the 
right breast of the collar shall be em- 
broidered, in gilt bullion, a visored 
helmet, with axe and lance crossed, 
and on the left breast a globe. 

Duties. — He shall open and close 
the Supreme Lodge with prayer, 
and perform all obligatory ceremo- 
nials as prescribed in the Ritual or 
usages of the Order, and such other duties as comport with his 
office. 

SUPREME VICE CHANCELLOR. 

Jewel. — Same as Supreme Outer Guard, with globe on upper 
and baton on lower portion of the 
triangle. 

Regalia. — Same as that worn by 
the Supreme Outer Guard. 

Duties. — He is to perform such 
duties as may be assigned him by 
the Supreme Lodge or the Supreme 
Chancellor. In case of the death, 
absence, removal, or physical in- 
competence of the chief officer, he 
shall act as Supreme Chancellor. 




SUPREME CHANCELLOR. 

Jewel. — Same as Supreme Outer Guard, with globe in centre 
and escutcheon in each corner of the triangle. 

Regalia. — Same as that worn by the Supreme Outer Guard. 

Duties. — In addition to his duties as presiding officer of the 
Supreme Lodge, he is to exercise a watchful supervision over all 



222 



THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 



Grand and Subordinate Lodges, and see that all the constitu- 
tional enactments, rules, and edicts of the Supreme Lodge are 
duly observed, and that the dress, work, and discipline of the 

Order are everywhere uniform. He 
has the right to call special sessions 
of the Supreme Lodge, or conven- 
tions of Supreme officers in council ; 
to visit any Grand or Subordinate 
Lodge under the immediate juris- 
diction of the Supreme Lodge, and 
to give such instructions and di- 
rections as the good of the Order 
may require ; to grant dispensations 
for the institution of Subordinate 
Lodges, and for Grand Lodges, in 
States, Countries, Districts, or Territories, where the same have 
not been heretofore established ; to manage the contingent fund 
of the Supreme Lodge ; to hear and decide such questions of law 
as may be submitted to him by Grand and Subordinate Lodges 
under the immediate jurisdiction of the Supreme Lodge, and 
such decisions are binding until disaffirmed or reversed by the 
Supreme Lodge. He also appoints a Deputy Supreme Chancel- 
lor in all States, Districts, Territories, and foreign countries 
where Lodges are established and are without a Grand Lodge. 




DEPUTY SUPREME CHANCELLOR. 

Jewel. — Same as Supreme Outer 
Guard, with globe on upper and scroll 
on lower portion of the triangle. 

Regalia. — Same as Supreme 
Outer Guard. 

Duties. — He is to represent the 
Supreme Chancellor of the World 
in the State, District, Territory, or 
foreign country having no Grand 
Lodge, and transact such other busi- 
ness as the S. C. may direct. 




COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 



223 




PAST SUPREME CHANCELLOR. 

Jewel. — Same as Supreme Outer Guard, with globe in centre, 
and an escutcheon in each lower 
and the stars in the upper corner of 
the triangle. 

Regalia. — Same as the Supreme 
Outer Guard. 

Duties. — This office is attained 
by service as Supreme Chancellor. 
He shall have charge of and su- 
pervise the arrangements of the altar 
or any other necessary floor-work. 

REGALIA AND JEWELS OF OTHER MEMBERS. 

Past Supreme Chancellors have the same collar and jewel as 
the sitting Past Supreme Chancellor. 

The regalia for Past Grand Chancellors is a black velvet collar 
trimmed with gold lace and fringe, and "P. G. C." embroid- 
ered in gold on left side. 

Supreme Representatives have the same regalia as Past 
Grand Chancellors, with "S. R." upon 
the right-hand side of collar in gilt bul- 
lion. 

The jewel of a Supreme Representative is 
the same as for Grand Outer Guard, with an 
ornamental device of white metal, on which 
is engraved the coat-of-arms of the State 
represented, and emblems of the Order. 

Each member is required to be clothed 
in the established regalia of his rank before 
he is allowed to enter the Supreme Lodge 
while in session. But any Past officer, Officer, Representative, 
or member of the Supreme Lodge who presents himself apparelled 
in the prescribed uniform of the Order indicative of his rank, 
wearing the proper and prescribed Official or Past Official Jewel 
on the left breast in open sight, is recognized as in proper re- 
galia and entitled to admission, if otherwise qualified. 




224 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

Funerals. 

REGALIA. 

A ROSETTE three inches in diameter with black velvet centre 
of two inches, with gold letters "G. L." and one half-inch 
red border (ribbon) to be worn as a badge of mourning by 
Grand Lodges on the occasion of attending funerals. — Session 
of 1869. 

At funerals the following rosette may or shall be worn in lieu 
of other regalia, viz. : 

By Knights, Esquires, and Pages. — Round rosette, black, flat 
centre, one and one-half inches in diameter, with white metal 
struck up or silver embroidered escutcheon, surrounded by two 
rows of quilted half-inch black satin ribbon, the joint made by 
the ribbon joining the centre of the rosette, to be covered with 
one-quarter line silver braid, the completed rosette to be three 
inches in diameter. Suspended from the under side of the 
rosette a white silk ribbon two and one-half inches wide and 
four and one-half inches long, with name and number of Lodge, 
and the letters K. P. printed upon it in black, the white ribbon 
to be covered with black crape. 

By Past Chancellors. — The same as for members, but gilt 
escutcheon. 

For Officers. — Same as for members, but substituting the em- 
blem of their respective offices for the escutcheon in the centre 
of the rosette. — Session of 1872. 

ORDER OF PROCESSION. 

When the Order attends a funeral, the line of march shall be 
taken up in the following order : 

1. The Outer Guard, bearing a sword, followed by the Pages, 
Esquires, and Knights, in the order as laid down. 

2. The Inner Guard, bearing a sword. 

3. Keeper of Records and Seal, Master of Finance, and Mas- 
ter of Exchequer [three abreast], each bearing the emblems of 
their respective offices. 

•4. Master-at-Arms, bearing a staff. 






COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 225 

5. Chancellor Commander and Vice Chancellor. 

6. The Prelate, supported by two Past Chancellors. 

7. Past Chancellors and Past Grand Chancellors. 

On arriving at the grave, the procession halts and opens 
order, when the coffin and mourners pass through, and the pro- 
cession follows the corpse in a reversed position. 

FUNERAL SERVICES. 

[The Brothers, on arriving at the grave, will form a circle at 
the proper time. The Prelate will then read :] 

'My Brethren: The solemn occasion of our assembling 
together is the dissolution of the bonds which have united the 
outward or temporal body with the spirit. We are born to die. 
Dust must return to dust, and the spirit to God who gave it. 
The solemn notes which now salute our ears proclaim to us that 
another spirit has passed from earth to the abode of our fathers. 
For this cause we are assembled among the habitations of the 
dead. Here around us they peacefully, quietly rest. The gentle 
zephyr may sigh high among the trees, the sunshine may gladden 
the earth, the fierce tempest around them may rage, and the 
busy world may pass on, yet they heed it not. 

We are here shown the uncertainty of human life, the cer- 
tainty of death, the mutability of all earthly things, and the 
vanity of human pretensions. Decay and death are written on 
every living thing. The cradle and the coffin appear before us 
at the same time, and the intervening space seems but a span. 
Yet it is strange, notwithstanding the evidences of mortal frailty 
which daily appear to us, that the sound of the tolling bell will 
so often fall upon our ears, and we heed not its admonition. 

Here, all thoughtless, we tread upon the green roof of that 
dark mansion whose chambers we must sooner or later occupy ; 
for we know not how soon the time may come for you or me to 
go hence, and be known no more forever. 

Brother, we lay thee down to rest. We loved thee here, and 
our remembrance of thee shall be pleasant. Thou mayst have 
had thy faults, and who has not ? But over them we cast the 
veil of Fraternity, Charity, and Love ; and while we mourn thy 

P 



226 TH E KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

loss, we will strive to emulate thy virtues. And we do fervently 
promise here, by thine open grave, that, though thou art gone 
from our sight, we will ever cherish thy memory green in our 
hearts, till the Archangel's trump shall proclaim that time shall 
be no more. 

Let us strive, then, so to live, that when we are called away 
from this terrestrial scene, we may be prepared to give a good 
account of ourselves at the bar of the Great Judge, before whom 
we must appear. 

Brethren, let not this warning be in vain ; and as we deposit 
in the grave this evergreen, let it be the fitting emblem of that 
brotherly love which shall live beyond the tomb. 

[The evergreen will be deposited in the grave.] 

To his bereaved friends we would say, Hope in God, trust in 
God. He alone can comfort your distress. He will heal your 
wound, and bind the broken heart. May the Lord bless you 
and sustain you all evermore. Amen. 

Let us pray. 

PRAYER. 

O God, the Protector of all who trust in Thee, without whom 
nothing is strong, nothing is holy, increase and multiply upon 
us Thy mercy, that Thou being our Ruler and Guide, we may so 
pass through things temporal, that we finally lose not the things 
Eternal. Give unto us an increase of Friendship, Charity, 
and Benevolence. Keep, we beseech Thee, O Lord, our Order 
with Thy perpetual mercy. Let Thy continual pity cleanse 
and defend it ; and because it cannot continue in safety without 
Thy succor, preserve it evermore by Thy help and goodness, and 
unto Thee we shall render the praise forever. Amen. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. . 227 
Uniforms. 

Official Issuance of detailed specifications of the outside Regalia, or uniform 
Costume, for the Order of Knights of Pythias, as adopted by the Supreme 
Lodge Knights of Pythias of the World, at its regular annual session held 
in the City of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, April 18th to 22d, in- 
clusive, A. D. 1 87 1, and of Pythian Period the Eighth, as amended at the 
session of 1875. 

FULL GALA AND INSPECTION DRESS. 

Coat, Pants, Sword, Belt, Baldric, Cloak, Gorget, Gauntlet 
Cuffs, Gloves, Helmet, and Oriflamme (with fatigue cap, cov- 
ered, hung to the belt). 

ORDINARY PARADE DRESS. 

Coat, Pants, Sword, Belt, Baldric, Gauntlet Cuffs, Gloves, 
Helmet, and Oriflamme (with fatigue cap, covered, suspended 
from sword belt). 

FATIGUE DRESS. 

Coat, Pants, Sword, Belt, Fatigue Cap (uncovered), and 
white Gloves. 

SPECIFICATIONS. 

COAT. 

Black cloth, cut military style, single breasted, standing col- 
lar (with a half roll to the sixth button from the bottom), nine 
buttons in front, two behind, length to knee, side edges plain, 
hook-and-eye at neck gorge, seam plain, two buttons at cuff, 
buttons flat, black silk lasting. 

PANTALOONS. 

Black cloth or doeskin cassimere, and of uniform style. 

CLOAK. 

A half-cloak — a cavalier — or cape of appropriate material, 
make and color, emblazoned thereon, embroidered on proper 
colored cloth or velvet, the crest of the Order, to be worn over 



228 



THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 




the left shoulder and back fastened by a cord and tassel of 
appropriate color. The "Gorget" worn with the same, made 

of three triangular points : one 
of which will be scarlet, one sky 
blue, and one orange. Pendant 
to the point of each proper color 
will be the appropriate letter, in 
solid white metal. The Gorget 
to be separate, and fastened on 
by buttoning under collar of 
cape or by cord and tassel. 

For members and Subordinate 

officers, inclusive of Chancellor 

Commander, Cloak dark blue, 

crest scarlet. 

For Past Chancellors and Grand officers (of less rank than 

Grand Chancellor), Cloak orange, crest blue. 

For Grand and Past" Grand Chancellors, Cloak scarlet, crest 
blue. 

For Supreme and Past Supreme Chancellors, Cloak purple, 
crest gold. 

HELMET. 

Black body, in shape like sample ; round top, rim in front and 

flowing back; front visor two 
inches, and rear visor two and 
a half inches in length; black 
cone, running from tip of back 
to centre front ; cone two and a 
half inches high in front, run- 
ning back to point at tip of 
flowing back; raised wire for 
plume support, from back tip to 
front of cone, one-half inch 
above cone. 

Gold (or silver) cord, double and looped from centre sides to 
front, fastened at sides with helmet-shaped button. 

Escutcheon on front as follows : 




COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 229 

For Knights, shield-shaped escutcheon, one and a half inches. 

For Past Chancellors (of less rank than G. C), triangle-shaped 
escutcheon, two inches from tip to tip. 

For Grand Chancellor and Past Grand Chancellor, oval-shaped 
escutcheon, two inches in shortest diameter. 

For Supreme officers and Past Supreme officers, circle-shaped 
escutcheon, two inches in diameter. — Adopted 1875. 

[Those who purchased metal helmets prior to the session of 
the Supreme Lodge in 1875, are allowed to wear them.] 

PLUME. 

In shape an Oriflamme, running from back of cone to front, 
and drooping over front, to be worn as follows : 

For Knights, red. 

For Past Chancellors, blue. 

For Grand Lodge officers, yellow. 

For Past Grand Chancellors, red, tipped (on sides and front) 
with white. 

For Supreme officers and Past Supreme officers, purple, tipped 
with white (on sides and front). — Adopted 1875. 

CAP. 

Present navy style, black cloth, three to three and one-half 
inches height of crown, narrow, black 
leather straps fastened at sides with 
shield-shaped buttons. The crest or 
escutcheon of the Order on the front, 
and gold or silver lace running around 
the band of the cap, according to the 
rank of the wearer. 

ESCUTCHEON AND LACE. 

For Knights, Esquires, and Pages, silver-plated metal shield- 
shaped escutcheon, and three-line silver lace. 

For Subordinate officers, inclusive of Chancellor Commander, 
shield-shaped embroidered escutcheon, on blue velvet, and six- 
line silver lace. 




230 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

For Past Chancellors, shield-shaped embroidered escutcheon, 
on green velvet, and six-line silver lace. 

For Grand officers, inclusive of G. C., shield-shaped embroid- 
ered escutcheon, on orange velvet, and nine-line silver lace. 

For Past Grand Chancellors, oval-shaped embroidered es- 
cutcheon, on red velvet, and twelve-line gold lace. 

For Supreme and Past Supreme Chancellors, circular-shaped 
embroidered escutcheon, with vine around, and S. C, or P. S. 
C, on purple, and fifteen-line gold lace. 

BALDRIC. 

To be worn by all members of less rank than Grand Chancel- 
lors. Five inches wide, in the whole, of blue, bordered with 
yellow, one inch on either side, a strip of army lace one-fourth 
of an inch wide at the inner edge of the yellow. On the front 
centre of the baldric, a metal triangle, with raised or struck-up 
escutcheon of the Order. On centre field of the triangle, and 
on each uncovered point thereof, one of the three letters "F. C. 
B." so that the whole three may appear. The baldric to be 
worn from the right shoulder to the left hip, with ends extending 
six inches below the point of intersection, under and at the lower 
edge of the sword belt, and to be fastened with shield-shaped 
white metal screw button, the top of which will overlap the 
sword belt, and hold the baldric firmly in its place on the right 
shoulder. 

BELT. 

Red enameled or patent leather, two inches wide, fastened 
around the body with white metal clasp of emblematic design, 
two short, white metal chains suspended from red leather sliding 
straps on belt, and white metal slide, with hook for fatigue cap. 

SWORD. 

For all members and officers (of less rank than Grand Chan- 
cellors), thirty-four to forty inches long, white metal scabbard, 
cross handle black hilt, helmet head with appropriate devices, 
suspended by chains from two side rings. 

For all officers and Past officers, from rank of Grand Chan- 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 



231 



cellors up, same as above, except gilt in place of white metal, 
and white instead of black grip. 

GAUNTLETS. 

Black leather, military style, cuff to extend four and one-half 
inches up from its intersection with the hand, and to have a 
shield-shaped metal escutcheon of the Order (two inches in 
length) on back of cuff, or black kid gloves with patent leather 
cuffs (of proper length and color), separate or together, as most 
convenient to wearer (and in fatigue dress, white gloves without 
the cuffs). Knights, Chancellors, and Grand officers (of less 
rank than Grand Chancellor), silver-plated escutcheons. Grand, 
Past Grand Chancellors, and Supreme, and Past Supreme Chan- 
cellors, gold-plated escutcheons. 



Emblems of Official Rank. 



SHOULDER-STRAPS FOR OFFICERS. 

* Supreme and Past Supreme Chancellors. 

ROYAL purple silk velvet, four inches long by two inches 
wide, outside measurement, bordered with three rows of 
corded embroidery in gold, each one-eighth of an inch 
wide, the escutcheon or crest of the Order at each end, and 
globe or world in centre. 




The Past Supreme Chancel- 
lors same as Supreme Chan- 
cellor, and to have in addi- 
tion three small stars in sil- 
ver, one at the centre of top, 
and one each at the right 
and left corners at the foot of the strap. 

All other Supreme officers same size, color and embroidery 
as Supreme Chancellor's, with the exception of the escutcheon 



232 



THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 



or crest at the ends, in place of which the initials (in old Eng- 
lish characters) of their office, as equally divided as possible, at 
each end of the strap, all in gold. 



PAST GRAND CHANCELLOR. 

Bright red silk velvet, four inches long by two inches wide, 

.«««««««■■»■»»«». w ^ tw0 rows °^ c01 "ded 
1 embroidery each one-eighth 

of an inch wide, and escut- 
cheon or crest of the Order 
embroidered in the middle 
in gold, and the letters "P. 
G. C." (in old English 
characters), embroidered in 
silver on the lower end of the strap. 




GRAND CHANCELLOR. 

Bright orange silk velvet, same size and embroidery as P. 

G. C.'s, except in centre 
is embroidered, in silver, a 
gauntlet closed and grasp- 
ing the truncheon of office ; 
at the lower end of strap, in 
silver (in old English char- 
acters), the letters " G. C." 




ALL OTHER GRAND OFFICERS. 

Same size, design, color, shape, and embroidered as G. C, 
except in centre of strap a shield (instead of gauntlet, etc.); and 
at the lower end (in old English characters) the initials of their 
office, but all in silver. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 



233 





PAST CHANCELLOR. 

Bright emerald green silk velvet, three and one-half inches 
long by one and one-half 



inches wide, bordered with 
one row of embroidery, one- 
quarter inch wide, crossed 
battle-axes in centre, and 
letters "P. C." (in old 
English) at lower end, all in silver. 

CHANCELLOR COMMANDER. 

Bright blue silk velvet, same size and design as Past Chan- 
cellor in other respects, ex- 
cept in centre is embroider- 
ed, in silver, crossed swords, 
and a hand-lance in gold, 
running lengthwise of the 
strap, through the swords, 
head towards the foot, and the letters " C. C." (in old English 
characters) at the foot of the strap, in silver. 

VICE CHANCELLOR. 

The same as C. C, except instead of cross swords in centre, 
is simply a tilting lance, 
running lengthwise, head 
toward the foot of the strap, 
and letters "V. C." (in 
old English characters) on 
either side of the head of 
lance, all in silver. 

OTHER SUBORDINATE LODGE OFFICERS. 

Same as C. C. and V. Q, in color and embroidery, on edges, 
no design, but with simply the letters (in old English) or ini- 
tials indicative of the various officers in triangular arrangement 
in the centre. 




^™ 



234 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

DISTINCTIONS. 

Pages, Esquires, Knights, Chancellors, Past Chancellors, and 
Grand officers (of less rank than Grand Chancellor), will wear 
white metal, or silver wherever metal, embroidery, or lace ap- 
pears, unless otherwise specifically stated. Grand and Past 
Grand Chancellors, Supreme and Past Supreme officers, yellow 
metal or gold, wherever metal embroidery, or lace appears, 
unless otherwise specifically stated. 

Whereas, There exists considerable agitation among some of our Knights 
in the several jurisdictions, that the uniform adopted at the Philadelphia Ses- 
sion, 1 87 1, may be changed, and which impression has been detrimental to 
the object of uniforming, therefore, in order to satisfy the inquiries made, 
be it 

Resolved, 1st. That so much of the uniform adopted at said session, known 
as the Fatigue Dress, be re-adopted, and the Knights of the World are as- 
sured that this portion of the uniform is permanently established as a portion 
of our uniform. 2d. That the subject of uniforming shall not be compulsory 
upon the Knights of our Order, and that every member shall have the right 
to uniform or not, as they may deem proper. — Session of 1872. 

Resolved, That all portions of the uniform or Outside Regalia, as estab- 
lished by the action of this Supreme Body at its session held in Philadelphia, 
A. D. 1 87 1, P. P. the Eighth, except the helmet, oriflamme, gorget, and 
cloak, be and are hereby declared in its present shape and detail, the perma- 
nent uniform or Outside Regalia for the use of this Order, and which shall 
not be changed, mutilated, or reduced in any sense of substitution for the 
space and term of ten years from the date of this present session. — Session 
of 1872. 

THE FLAG OF THE ORDER. 

The Regulation Flag is to be six feet long, and two feet six 
inches wide. Any other sized Flag must be, in width, two- 
thirds of the length. 

Material to be Silk, Bunting, or Muslin. Colors, Blue, Yel- 
low, and Red, equal size, vertical. 

Shield of Supreme Lodge, Purple. P and Tilting Spear Yel- 
low. 

Shield of Grand Lodge, Red. P and Tilting Spear Yellow. 

Shield of Subordinate Lodge, Red and White, Red above. 
P and Tilting Spear Yellow. 




NEW REGULATION BANNER. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT- BO OK. 2$$ 

The Shield, letter P, and Spear may be painted or worked. 

No other letter, mark, device, or figure of any kind whatever, 
should be placed upon the Flag, as it is the distinctive standard 
for a body of Knights of Pythias, Supreme, Grand, or Subordi- 
nate. 

The Tilting Spear distinguishes Knight, and the letter P 
Pythias. — Supreme Lodge, 1 8 7 1 . 

THE BANNER OF THE ORDER. 

The Banner of the Order shall be composed of three pieces of 
silk, of color and size as follows: Dark Blue, size 18x30 inches 
[upper left side]. Orange or Yellow, size 18x30 inches [upper 
right side]. Crimson or Red, size 24x36 inches [below the 
blue and yellow]. Colors to be placed as per diagram. The 
full size of Banner to be 3x42 feet. Shield in centre to be 
White, size 18 x 24 inches. The device on shield to be the dis- 
tinction of rank of Lodge — Supreme, Grand, or Subordinate. 

For Supreme Lodge. — A Globe, and in circle around it to be 
the words : " Supreme Lodge of the World, Knights of Pythias." 

For Grand Lodge. — The Grand Lo'dge or State seal, and in 

circle around the same: "Grand Lodge of Knights of 

Pythias. ' ' 

For Subordinate Lodge. — Knights Pythias' cut or escutcheon, 
with name and number of Lodge and location. 

On edge of Banner, all around, fine gold lines, ii inches 
wide. On bottom, gilt fringe 3 or 3? inches deep. Staff to be 
of oak or other suitable wood, 7 or 8 feet long. On top of 
staff, spear head ; on ends of cross-piece, ball and falcon spear 
heads. All marks, devices, designs, etc., on. Banner to be in 
gold, or gold and black. 



ODES AND CHANTS 

FOR THE 

ORDER OF K. P. 

Published by Authority of the Supreme Lodge. 



OPENING ODE. 



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And when life's labor 's o'er, 
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May we meet, to part no more, 
In heav'n above. 



238 



THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 



CLOSING ODE. 



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2. Sleep till rosy morning comes, 
With its light to bless your homes : 
Bless the angels that will keep 
Vigils o'er you while you sleep. 
Good-night. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 



239 



CLOSING ODE. 



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Good-night. 



240 



THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 



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THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 



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We welcome you. 
As rulers of our band, 
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2. Here friendship shall our hearts unite, 
To keep our mystic banner bright, 

As on our columns go ; 
No coward fear shall us divide, 
Whatever fortune may betide, 
But, like brave Knights, we will outride 

Our most determined foe. 



3. And, should our single courage fail, 
And some brave heart begin to quail 

When standing all alone, — 
Here let it be our common aim, 

In F , C , B 's name, 

To fan the faint, expiring flame, 

Which once more brightly shone. 



244 



THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 



INSTALLATION ODE. 

For Supreme and Grand Officers. 



Words by Rev. JOEL SWARTZ. 



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Banish from us all disorder, 
Keep us a united band. 

3. Cloth'd with your official honors, 

We will heed the charge you give ; 
Follow where you plant our banners, 
Worthy of our mottoes live. 



WELCOME SONG. 

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Yet with C come ye here ; 

Guard your souls, that evil never 

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Come with C , saving C , 

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Then from mind to mind shall be, 

Heart to heart, true unity. 

3. Welcome, Brothers, welcome ever ; 

Break the bands that hold ye hence; 
Needs it only one endeavor, 

Wrong is only impotence ! 
Come with B , come with B , 

Modest, strong, the soul of sense; 
Then from mind to mind shall be, 

Heart to heart, true unity. 



246 



THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 



WELCOME SONG. 
Dedicated to Gem City Lodge, No. 21, K. of P. 

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Give us a brother's right your griefs to beguile; 
Sealed with our signet, then your journey pursue, 
Shielded by the armor of a Knight firm and true.— Chorus. 

3. Claim our protection, strangers, friendless and lone, 
Never a Knight was deaf to poverty's moan; 
Never his hand withheld from generous deed, 

Never yet his voice refused for justice to plead. — Chorus. 



4. Hand clasped in hand, brothers, Friendship unites, 
Heart pledged to heart, brothers, Charity plights; 
While sweet Benevolence, our own guiding star, 
Lights the gloom of sorrow's night with beams from afar. — Cho. 



248 



THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 



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251 



GRAND MARCH. 

Tor Reception of Grand Officers or Installation. 
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THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 



CLASP HAND IN HAND. 



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COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 



253 



UNITED NOW. 



AULD LANG SYNE. 




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1. U - nit - ed now, a no - ble band, With friendship true and tried, 

2. To C 's magic spell we yield A homage just - ly due, 

3. And by degrees we'll take Degrees, Till all have Knights became; 



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And swear pro-tec-tion by our shield To Brothers tried and true. 
We '11 show the world we mean to be Not merely knights by name. 



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Fast by each Brother's side, dear friends, Fast by each Brother's side, 

To Brothers tried and true, dear friends, To Brothers tried and true, 

Not merely knights by name, dear friends, Not merely knights b} name, 

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And swear pro-tec-tion by our shield To Brothers tried and true. 
But valiant Knights, so brave and true, That others may covet the same. 



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254 



THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 



GRAND RALLYING SONG. 



Words by SEATON DONOHO. 



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GRAND RALLYING SONG.-Concluded. 




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Whoever loves the truth, let him come and act his parti 

Whispering our motto-word of C . 

Chokus. — Hurrah for our Order, etc. 

3. Let us never faint or fear, but with eager steps advance, 

Shouting our motto-word of B , 

With Benevolence our shield, and with Charity our lance, 

Shouting our motto-word of B . 

CHORUS. — Hurrah for our Order, etc. 



256 



THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 



GRAND MARCH OP THE KNIGHTS OP PYTHIAS. 

0. E. VARDON. 
Introduction, 




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THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 



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THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 



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BLANK FORMS USED BY KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS. 



FORM OF RECORDS OF A MEETING. 



Castle Hall of Gem City Lodge, No. 21, K. of P., 
Fort Madison, Iowa, December II, 1876. 

Regular meeting of Gem City Lodge, No. 21, K. of P. 

Lodge opened in due form, Chancellor Commander J. D. M. Hamilton 
presiding. 

Roll of officers called, and Knights John H. Weston and M. Morris found 
to be absent. 

Minutes of previous meeting read and approved. 

Bro. A. L. Courtright, who was absent at the last regular meeting, stated 
that he was prevented from attending on account of sickness in his family. 
On motion, he was excused. 

Bro. A. Morrison announced that Bro. Charles P. Breitenstein, living on 
Front Street, was taken sick on Thursday last. 

The Chancellor Commander stated that he had called upon Bro. Taylor 
and found him very sick ; Bro. J. F. Edwards, improving ; and Bro. J. W. 
Albright, Jr., had gone to work. He ordered, one week's benefits for Bros. 
Taylor and Edwards, and appointed Bros. Jacobs, Nunn, Rasnick, and Kiel 
to watch with Bro. Taylor during the nights of the coming week. 

The committee on the petition of G. N. Vermilion reported favorably. 
He was then balloted for, and elected. Mr. Vermilion being in waiting, the 
Lodge opened in the Rank of Page, when he was duly initiated into the 
mysteries of that Rank. 

The Lodge then closed in the Rank of Page and opened in that of Esquire. 
Page Gilmer being in waiting, and having been elected at a previous meet- 
ing, was proved in the Rank of Esquire. 

The Lodge was then duly closed in the Rank of Esquire and opened in 
the Rank of Knight. 

The petition of Dr. A. C. Roberts, recommended by Bros. McConn and 
Hale, was received, and referred to Bros. Blackburn, Babcock, and Prichett. 

The committee on new hall reported that they had conferred with J. D. 
Coriell and John C. Atlee relative to fitting up the third stories of their brick 
blocks, but had no definite proposition from either party. On motion, the 
committee was continued, with instructions to secure a more commodious 
hall. Bros. S. H. Craig and J. W. Frow were added to said committee. 

The amendment to the By-Laws, offered by Bro. Montandon, to make the 
dues $6.00 per annum instead of $4.00, was then taken up. After a spirited 
and lengthy discussion, the amendment was adopted. 

262 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 263 

The communication (No. 25) from the G. K. of R. and S., giving names 
of suspended and expelled members for the last term, was then read, and 
ordered filed. 

A communication (No. 26) was read from Capital City Lodge, No. 29, of 
Des Moines, Iowa, warning this Lodge against John E. Brown, an expelled 
member, who is travelling in Iowa, obtaining money from members of the 
Order. On motion, the communication was received and filed. 

The bill of James C. Adams for one cord of wood, at $4.00, was read, 
and ordered paid. 

DISBURSEMENTS : 

Bro. Taylor, benefits $5.00 

Bro. Edwards, benefits 5.00 

One cord of wood 4.00 

$14.00 
RECEIPTS FOR THE EVENING: 

G. N. Vermilion, fee for Page's Rank $10.00 

Jacob Stewart's fee for Esquire's Rank 5.00 

George W. Furtney, Jr., dues 4.00 

$19.00 

There being no further business, the Lodge closed in due form. 

R. G. RASNICK, 

K. of R. and S. 



PETITION FOR DISPENSATION. 



Inigltte of jpgthiag. 



&o the Sranb Chancellor, Officers anb $$embers of % (Sranb ITobge, State of 

Gentlemen. — The undersigned respectfully petition your Honorable Body 
to grant them a Dispensation to establish a Lodge of Knights of Pythias, to 

be located in the town or city of , county of , 

said Lodge to be known as Lodge, No , of Knights 

of Pythias, of the State of and under your jurisdiction. 

Dispensation Fee enclosed, $ 



Name. 


Age. 


Occupation. 


Residence. 





























264 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

DISPENSATION. 



$ttfjM» 0| fgtftm 



Itttofo ||e , That the Grand Chancellor and Officers of the Grand Lodge of 
the State of , Knights of Pythias, 

Reposing especial trust and confidence in the following Knights and their 
successors, 



doth hereby grant this Dispensation to institute a ITobge at 

to be hailed by the title of Lodge, No , for the 

purpose of promulgating and practising the great principles of PYTHIAN 
FRIENDSHIP, and for the encouragement and support of Brother Knights 

when on travel or otherwise. And the said Lodge, No , being duly 

and lawfully formed, is hereby authorized and empowered to initiate into 
and confer the 

DEGREES OP PAGE, ESQUIRE, AND KNIGHT, 

according to the Constitution and General Laws of the Order, as established 
by the Supreme Lodge of the World, upon all persons duly proposed and 
lawfully qualified to receive the same, and to administer to Pages, Esquires, 
and Knights all the privileges and benefits arising from the Order. 

And the said Lodge, No doth solemnly promise to act according to 

the laws of the Order, and in obedience to the commands and enactments of 
this Grand Lodge, until this Dispensation is revoked by a Charter from the 

Grand Lodge of the State of which derives its authority from the 

Supreme Lodge of the World, Knights of Pythias. In default thereof, this 
Dispensation may be suspended or taken away at the pleasure of the 
Grand Chancellor. 

|n Witness fohmof, we have hereunto subscribed our names, 

and affixed the seal of this Grand Lodge, this 

day of Anno Domini and of 

the Pythian Period the 



Grand Chancellor, 
Attest, 

G. K, of P. 6* S. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 26$ 

APPLICATION FOR MEMBERSHIP. 



inijhte of jpgthtaa. 



18 . 

&o % ©ffictrs anb ptmbm of $obge, |to.........of 

Having conceived a favorable impression of your Chivalric Order, both 
from observation and a perusal of the Constitution and By-Laws of your 
Lodge, I herewith present myself as a Candidate for Initiation, with a view 
to further advancement and membership. I am of sound bodily health, and 
a believer in the existence of a Supreme Being. If accepted, I promise a 
full and due observance of all Laws that may govern the Lodge and the 
Order. 

I have before applied for initiation in Lodge. 

Signature Age 

Residence Occupation 

Place of Business 

Application must be made in the applicant's own handwriting. 

From personal knowledge of the above named applicant, we recommend 
that he be accepted. 

Bro Bro 

Fee enclosed, $ 

The initiation fee must accompany this application. 



[ENDORSEMENT ON BACK.] 

[No ] 

Snijhte of $gttt&8. 

Application of. for Initiation. 

, A. D. 18 , P. P.,. 

Received and referred to 



Investigating 
Committee. 

A. D. 18 , P. P., 

23 



266 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

We, the undersigned Committee, appointed to investigate the character and 
standing of the within named applicant, beg leave to report that we have 
attended to our duty, and 



- Committee. 



Applicant balloted for and A. D. 18 , and of the 

Pythian Period the Initiated 18 . 

Proved 18 . Charged 18 . 



K. of R. &> S. 
Fee, $ Received 18 . 



Master of Finance. 
APPLICATION FOR RANK OF ESQUIRE. 



SnijKte ojf g)gtfci&s. 

JURISDICTION OF 

18 . 

fo the Officers anb pembrs of % oboe, |to 

The undersigned, having been regularly initiated in the rank of PAGE, is 
now desirous of being further advanced in a knowledge of this Chivalric 
Order, and herewith respectfully petitions that, if deemed worthy, he may 
be proved in the Second or Armorial rank of ESQUIRE. 

Signature 

Fee, $ enclosed. 

[endorsement on back.] 

Imjghts of fpgthto- 

Application of. for advancement to the Armorial 

Rank of Esquire. 

Received .18 

Applicant balloted for and A. D. 18 , and 

of the Pythian Period the 



K.of R.&S. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT- BOOK. 267 

APPLICATION FOR RANK OF KNIGHT. 



Snighte of Ijthiaa. 

JURISDICTION OF 

IS . 

&o % ©facers anb Pcmbera of f obge, $Jo 

The undersigned, having been regularly initiated in the Rank of PAGE, 
zxi& proved va. the Armorial Rank of ESQUIRE, again desires advancement, 
and respectfully petitions that he may receive a full knowledge of the mys- 
teries of this Order, by being charged in the high, honorable, and Chivalric 
Rank of KNIGHT, and also asks that he may be admitted a member of the 
Lodge. 

Signature 

Fee, % enclosed. 

[endorsement on back.] 

ftoijjhta of fgthias. 

Application of for advancement to the Chivalric 

Rank of Knight, and to Membership. 

Received 18 

Applicant balloted for and A. D. 18 , and 

of the Pythian Period the 



K. of R. <Sr» S. 
CERTIFICATE OF MEMBERSHIP. 



Inighte afl fPsthian, 



STATE OF. 



S^is is to ttrtifg, that Brother was regularly admitted a 

of. No ,by , on 

the day of. , 18 

|Jn Witness fobmof, we have hereunto set our hands, and af- 
fixed the seal of our Lodge, this day of. , 18 . 



c. a 

K. of R. 6- S. 



268 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

ADMISSION BY CARD. 



Inighte of jpgtMaa, 

A. D., 18 , 

And of the Pythian Period the 

fto % Officers anb pembera of % ooge, $to , of 

I, the undersigned, a , and a member of the Order 

holding a valid Withdrawal Card, respectfully represent that I withdrew 

from Lodge, No , of. , 

in the Jurisdiction of , on the day 

of , A. D., 18 , and of the Pythian Period the ; 

and now being desirous of again affiliating with theOrder, do herewith pre- 
sent to your Chivalric Body the Withdrawal Card granted me by said 
Lodge, No , and most fraternally and respect- 
fully pray that it may be accepted, and that the Lodge will receive me 
as a member. If accepted, I promise a renewal of all my obligations, and 
a full and due observance of all the requirements of the Order. 

I have before presented my Withdrawal Card to 

Lodge. 

The prescribed fee, viz., $ ..., accompanies this application. 

Signature Age 

Residence Occupation 

Place of Business 

Application imist be made in the applicant's own handwriting. 

From personal knowledge of the applicant, we recommend his prayer be 
granted. 

Bro Bro 

[endorsement on back.] 

Iniflhts of jpathias. 

Application of. for Admission by Card. 

A. D., 18 , P. P 

Received and referred to 



} Investigating 
Committee. 

A. D., 18 , P. P 

We, the undersigned Committee, appointed to investigate the character and 
standing of the within named applicant, beg leave to report that we have at- 
tended to our duty, and report 



Committee. 



Applicant balloted for and A. D., 18 , and 

of the Pythian Period the 



K.ofR.& S. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT- BO OK. 269 

REINSTATEMENT. 



Sittghts of Jpatftia*. 

. { A. D., 18 , 

And of the Pythian Period the 

&o tfje Officers anfc Pembm of. fobgc, fto ,of 

The undersigned respectfully represents that he was formerly a member of 

your Lodge, but was suspended from membership 18 , 

for nonpayment of dues, and wishing to be again enrolled on the Roster of 
your Chivalric Order, does hereby most respectfully petition to be reinstated 
into full membership in your Lodge and the Order. 

The amount of arrearages to the present date, viz., $ , accompanies 

this petition. 

Signature Age 

Residence Occupation 

Place of Business 

Application must be made in the applicant' s own handwriting. 

From personal knowledge of the applicant, we recommend his prayer be 
granted. 

Bro Bro 



[endorsement on back.] 
[No ] 

IttijMs of |gthtas. 

Application of for Reinstatement. 

A. D., i3 , P. P. 

Received and referred to 



Investigating 
Committee. 



We, the undersigned Committee, appointed to investigate the character 
and standing of the within named applicant, beg leave to report that we have 
attended to our duty, and find that 



Committee. 



Applicant balloted for and A. D., 18 , and 

of the Pythian Period the 



K.ofR.& S. 
Fee,$ Received 18 . 



Master of Finance. 
23* 



27O THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

COMMITTEE NOTICE. 



mtjglite 0jf fgthms- 



Castle Hall of Lodge, No Jurisdiction of 

A. D., 18 , 

And of the Pythian Period the 

Bro. Knight 

You have been appointed, in connection with Brother Knights 



a Committee of Investigation on the application of Mr 

for Initiation. 

Place of Residence Place of Business 

Occupation Age 

A report will be due from you one week from the above date. 



[seal.] K. of R. &> S. 



NOTIFICATION OF ELECTION. 



inijMa of |athia^ 



Castle Hall of Lodge, No , Jurisdiction of 

A. D„ 18 , 

And of the Pythian Period the 

To 

An application having been received from you for 

in this Lodge, upon a ballot being taken you were elected, and you are ac- 
cordingly notified to be present at the Castle Hall of this Lodge, No 

Street, on evening, 

18 , at o'clock, at which place and 

time you will receive the honors conferred upon you by that election. 



[seal.] K.ofR.&S. 

The Rank of Page is conferred on the first evening in each month. 

" " Esquire " " second " " " 

" " Knight " « third " " " 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 27 1 

NOTIFICATION OF REJECTION. 



SnifiMa of fgthiaa. 

Castle Hall of Lodge, No , Jurisdiction of 

A. D., 18 , 

And of the Pythian Period the 

To 

It is my duty to notify you that, upon ballot being taken, an application 

from you for was rejected. 

The amount $ , accompanying your application, is herewith returned. 



[SEAL.] K. of R. &> S. 

EXTRACT FROM THE LAWS OF THE ORDER. 

"... he shall be declared rejected, and no other balloting for the same applicant shall 
take place in any Lodge of the Order within the jurisdiction, until the expiration of six 
months thereafter." 



NOTIFICATION OF INDEBTEDNESS. 



iniflhts of §gthias. 

Castle Hall of Lodge, No , Jurisdiction of 

A. D., 18 , 

And of the Pythian Period the 

To Bro 

You are hereby notified that you are IN arrears, and indebted to this 
Lodge, as follows : 

For Quarterly Dues, from , 18 , to 

For Assessment, W. and O. Fund .... 
For Assessment, Funeral 



Total, 
Fraternally Yours in F. C. B., 

Master of Finance. 

EXTRACT FROM THE CONSTITUTION. 
"Any member [six months*] in arrears to the Lodge shall be declared suspended from 
all benefits and privileges ; and any member who is one year in arrears shall be declared 
suspended from membership until the payment of his arrearages ; and no brother shall re- 
ceive the S. A. P. W. unless he is square upon the books ; nor can any brother be permitted 
to remain in the Lodge-Room unless he is in possession of the S. A. P.VV. — Art. IX., Sec. i. 

* Note. — Subject to local law. 



272 THE. KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

NOTIFICATION OF SUSPENSION. 



Intghte of $gt!ti&8. 



Castle Hall of Lodge, No , Jurisdiction of 

A. D., 18 , 

And of the Pythian Period the 

To 

It is my duty to notify you, that being in arrears to this Lodge to the 

amount of $ , one year's dues, your case was brought to the notice 

of the Lodge at the stated meeting held , 18 , 

and in accordance with the provisions of Article X., Section I., of the Consti- 
tution you are declared suspended from membership from that date. 



[seal.] K. ofR. &> S. 

OFFICIAL RECEIPT FOR DUES. 



[Not genuine unless bearing on its back the Seal of the Supreme Lodge, and 
signature of the Supreme Keeper of Records and Seal.] 

No % obge, |to % of f . 

18 

Received of Brother 

Dues from , 18 , to , 18 . . .$ 

Assessments 

Widows' and Orphans' Fund 

Other Claims 

Total, 



Master of Finance. 
[Impress Lodge Seal on this Receipt.] 

[PRINTED ON BACK.] 

LEGISLATION ON RECEIPT FOR DUES. 

OFFICE OF THE SUPREME K. OF R. & S. \ 

Columbus, Ohio, June 24, 1875. > 

Pythian Period XIV. J 

At the Seventh Annual Session of the Supreme Lodge Knights of Pythias of the World, 
held in the city of Washington, Grand Jurisdiction of the District of Columbia, May 18, 19, 
20, 21, and 22, 1875, the following was adopted : 

" Whereas, Much trouble and difficulty have from time to time occurred from the want 
of an authoritative receipt which shall, upon its face, not only show the payment of all claims 
of the Lodge against a Brother, but also be authoritative evidence to the Order throughout 
the world, not rnly of membership, but good standing in the Order; therefore, be it 

"Resolved, That the Supreme Chancellor and Supreme Keeper of Records and Seal be, 
and hereby are, authorized to issue receipts, which shall be furnished to all Grand and Sub- 
ordinate Lodges at $2.00 per 100 ; and that no receipt shall be authoritative or evidence of 
payment of dues, assessments, or other claims of the Lodge against a member of a Subor- 
dinate Lodge, unless written upon such receipt, and bearing the Seal of the Supreme Lodge. 

"Resolved, That the receipt above mentioned go into effect on and after July 1, 1875." 

Joseph Dowdall, 
[seal.] S. K. of R. 6- S, 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 273 

NOTIFICATION OF REINSTATEMENT. 



Sitijjltte 4 JpgtMaa. 



To. 



Castle Hall of ...Lodge, No .Jurisdiction of 

A. D. 18 

And of the Pythian Period the 



Your application for reinstatement in this Lodge has been duly con- 
sidered, and I hereby notify you that the Lodge has decided to grant your 
petition, and accordingly you are reinstated in this Lodge, thereby again be- 
coming entitled to all privileges, benefits, and honors arising from the Order. 



[seal.] 



KofR.&S. 



NOTICE OF REJECTIONS, SUSPENSIONS, ETC. 



Imjttte of fgtMaa. 



To. 



Castle Hall of Lodge, No 

A. D., 18 

And of the Pythian Period the 



Grand Keeper of Records and Seal, 
Sir and Brother : In accordance with the requirements of the Constitu- 
tion for Subordinate Lodges, you are hereby notified that the following named 
persons were by this Lodge, on Evening, 18 . 



Names. 


Age. 


Occupation. 


Residence. 


Remarks. 





































Fraternally Yours, in F. C. B., 



[seal.] Kof R.& S. 

[This Blank to be used for Rejections, Suspensions, and Reinstatements.] 

[ENDORSEMENT ON BACK.] 

NOTICE OF REJECTIONS, SUSPENSIONS, ETC. 

Jfrom T&olsQt, |to 

A. D., 18 , 

And 0/ the Pythian Period the 

S 



274 



THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 
NOTIFICATION OF ATTENDANCE. 



Snijhte afl f stttias. 

Castle Hall of Lodge, No , Jurisdiction of 

A. D., 18 , 

And of the Pythian Period the 

To Bro 

You are hereby notified to attend a convention of this Lodge, to be held 

on evening, being the day of. , 

187 , at o'clock, at the usual place of meeting. 

The special business of this Convention is 

Per order, 

[SEAL.] K. ofR. (St* S. 

OFFICERS AND COMMITTEES. 



Snigftte 4 f jtfUas. 

Castle Hall of Lodge, No , Jurisdiction of 

For the Term commencing 18 , and ending 18 . 

Roll of Officers. 



Titles. 


Names of Officers. 
















p. c 


















c. c 


















v. c 


















p 


















K. of R. & S. 

M. of F 

M. of E 


















































M. at A 

I. G 


































O G 





































If absent at Roll-Call, mark thus, | ; but if present during the meeting, to be marked thus, — 

Representative, Trustees, Attendants, and Standing 

Committees. 
Representative to Grand Lodge. Auditing Committee. 



Trustees. 



Attendants. 



Relief Committee. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 27$ 

SUMMONS. 



SniflMa afl $gthias. 

Hall of Lodge, No 

A. D., 18 . 

Bro. Knight 

You are hereby summoned to attend a convention of this Lodge, to be held 

on evening, being the day of , 

187 , at o'clock, at the usual place of meeting; and in evidence of 

which, herewith witness our hands and Seal of said Lodge, at , 

this day of , 18 , and of Pythian Period the 

[SEAL.] , K. of'jR. & S. 

APPLICATION FOR DISPENSATION. 



fnighte 4 fgttas. 

Castle Hall of Lodge, No 

A. D., 18 , 

And of the Pythian Period the 

To 

District Deputy Grand Chancellor, Pythian District. 

Sir and Brother : This Lodge submits this application for a Dispensa- 
tion to your consideration, and respectfully asks that the same may be granted. 



No. 



Purpose. 



Name, Age, Occupation, and Reasons for Appli 
Residence of Candidate. cation. 



The prescribed Fee, $ , is herewith enclosed. 

Fraternally submitted, in F. C. B., 

[seal.] , C. C. 

Attest: , K.ofR.& S. 

[endorsement on back.] 
APPLICATION FOR DISPENSATION. 

from % obge, $o , gistritt $to 

A. D., 18 , 

And of the Pythian Period the 

No Purpose 



Name of Candidate 

Application received and approved, and a Dispensation granted 

A. D., 18 , and of the Pythian Period the 

Amount of Fee, $ , forwarded to G. K. of R. & S. 



Dist. Deputy G. C. Pythian Dist. 

[The Deputy will forward this Application to the G. C, with his Report for the term.] 



276 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

APPLICATION FOR INSTALLATION. 



Snighte of fgttoa- 



Castle Hall of Lodge, No , Jurisdiction of 

A. D., 18 , 

And the Pythian Period the 

To P. C 

District Deputy Grand Chancellor of. Pythian District. 

Sir And Brother: At the stated meeting held 18 , 

the Brethren named below were elected Officers of this Lodge for the ensu- 
ing term, and they, together with such appointive Officers as may be selected, 

will be ready for installation on evening, 18 , 

at which time the Lodge will be pleased to receive you in your official 
capacity for the performance of that duty. 

C. C K. of R. & S. 

V. C M. of F. 

P M. ofE. 

Fraternally Yours in F. C. B., 



[SEAL.] K.ofR.&S. 

CERTIFICATE OF GOOD STANDING. 



Sniffs of fpathms. 

Castle Hall of Lodge, No , Jurisdiction of 

To any Chancellor Commander, Greeting : 

This certifies that the bearer, Bro a.... in rank, is a 

member in good standing on the Roster of this Lodge, and is fully qualified 

and entitled to receive the S. A. P. W. for the term ending 

he being square on the books to that date ; and it is our request that you 
communicate the same to him, first proving him, by an examination, to be a 
member of the Order. 

|n TOtttess bitynof, we have hereunto affixed our hands 

and the Seal of this Lodge, at this the 

[SEAL.] day of. A. D. 18 , and of the 

Pythian Period the 



C. C. 
K.ofR.&S. 






COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 277 

PAST CHANCELLOR CREDENTIAL. 



fntjghte of fstftm^ 



[Note. — The "Pythian Period" commences on February 19, 1864, and runs 
Yearly from that date.] 

Castle Hall of Lodge, No , Jurisdiction of 

®hig is to Ctrttfg, That P. C , having been 

duly qualified, passed the C. C.'s chair of this Lodge, being clear of the 
books, and under no charge, is fully qualified and entitled to become a mem- 
ber, and be enrolled as such upon the Grand Roster of the Grand Lodge 
Knights of Pythias of. 

$n SKitrtess fohereof, we have hereunto affixed our hands 

and the Seal of this Lodge, this day 

of , A. D. 18 , and of Pythian 

Period the at 



C. C. 



[SEAL.] K. of R. &* S. 
Memoranda, f Past Chancellor's Occupation 

which invariably put in : j ^idence'.Z'Z^'ZZ^Z 

To be filled in duplicate, one to be given to the person entitled, the other sent to G. K. 
of R. & S. 

[endorsement on back.] 
PAST CHANCELLOR CREDENTIAL 

Of. , Issued by Lodge, No 

18 , to the Grand Lodge K. of P. of 

for Session of. 18 . Received and Filed 18 , 

and referred to Committee on Returns and Credentials. 



G. K. o/R. 6- S. 

Received the within Credential from the G. K. of R. & S. in regular course, 

have examined the same and find it correct, in accordance with the laws 

of this Grand Lodge, and the bearer entitled to admission to the Grand 

Lodge K. of P. of. , and all rights and privileges accruing 

to him under this said Credential. 



Chairman Com. on R. 6r C. 



Remarks. 
24 



278 



THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 



PAST CHANCELLOR'S TRANSFER CREDENTIAL. 



Inijghte of |sthias. 

Castle Hall of Lodge, No , Jurisdiction of. 



[Note. — The " Pythian Period " commences on February, 19, 1864, and runs 
Yearly from that date.] 

Shis is to (ftertifg, That having been 

duly qualified and advanced to the Rank of Past Chancellor of this Lodge, 
being clear of the Books and under no charge, is hereby granted this transfer 
Credential indicating his Rank, which fully entitles him to be enrolled as such 
by any Lodge K. of P. when otherwise having conformed to the laws of the 
Order by presenting and depositing a Withdrawal Card in due and regular 
form, and thereupon he shall be recognized with the Rank and title of Past 
Chancellor upon the Roster of any Lodge of which he becomes a member. 
|n Witness thereof, we have hereunto affixed our hands 

and the Seal of this Lodge, this day 

[seal.] of , A. D., 18 , and of Pythian Period 

the at... 

£ (J. 



Memoranda, 
which invariably put in 



.1 



Past Chancellor's Occupation. 

" Age 

" Residence.. 



[endorsement on back.] 



GRAND LODGE AUTHENTICATION. 

Cf)ts 13 to Certtfo, that Past Chancellor 

of....." Lodge, No 

became a member of, was regularly invested 
with said high, honorable, and responsible 
rank, and has been enrolled on the Roster 
of the Grand Lodge of. , as en- 
titled to and bearing the same, at the session 
of that Grand Body, held in the month of 

.., A. D., 18 , and of the P. P. 

the in the City of. 

En OTttness fofiereof, herewith 

find my official signature and seal 

[g. l. s.] of the Grand Lodge K. of P. of. ... 



G. K. o/R. &> S. 

SUBORDINATE LODGE AUTHENTICATION. 

&fji3 is to (Eerttfn, That Past Chancellor 



became a member of this Lodge by deposit- 
ing a Withdrawal Card in regular form, in 
accordance with the laws of the GRAND 

LODGE K. OF P. OF , with 

the evidence of having attained the rank of 
Past Chancellor, by this proper Credential. 
Now, therefore, do we hereby authenticate 
the same by the signatures as below and 

Seal of this Lodge, this day of. , 

18 , and of P. P. the at Castle Hall 

of Lodge, No , K. of P. 

C C. 

[seal.] " '7.V.V.V.V.V.V///.V//.V.VJ.V.VJr! "o/r. &s. 



THE TRANSFER CREDENTIAL 
of P. c , 

issued by Lodge, No , 

18 , to the GRAND 

LODGE K. OF P. OF 

Received and Filed 18 , 

and referred to Committee on Returns and 
Credentials. 



G. K. o/R. & S. 

Received the within Credential from the 
G. K. of R. & S. in regular course, have 

examined the same and find it correct, 

in accordance with the laws of this Grand 
Lodge, and the bearer entitled to ad- 
mission to the GRAND LODGE K. OF P. 

OF , and all rights and 

privileges accruing to him under this said 
Credential. 



Chairman Com. on R. &*. C. 
18 . 



Remarks. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 279 

REPRESENTATIVE CREDENTIAL. 



f nighte of ftgthm 

[Note. — The " Pythian Period" commences on February 19, 1864, and runs 
Yearly from that date.] 

Castle Hall of Lodge, No , Grand Jurisdiction of 

Shis is to Carttfn, That Past Chancellor 

has been duly elected a Representative of this Lodge, to the Grand Lodge 

Knights of Pythias of , to serve from the 

day of , 18 , to the Annual Session of the'Grand Lodge, 

held the day of , 18 , P. P. the 

Jn ISitrtess fo^crcof, we have hereunto affixed our hands 

and the Seal of this Lodge, this day 

[SEAL.] of. A. D., 18 , and of Pythian Period 

the , at 



c. a 

Attest: 

K. of R. <5r* S. 



Memoranda, 1 Representative's Occupation, 

which invariably put in : j « Residence.. 



To be filled in duplicate, one to be given to the person entitled, the other sent to G. K. 
of R. and S. 

[ENDORSEMENT ON BACK.] 

REPRESENTATIVE CREDENTIAL 

Of P. C , Issued by Lodge, No.. 

18 , to the Grand Lodge K. of P. of. 

for Session of 18 . Received and Filed 18 , 

and referred to Committee on Returns and Credentials. 



G. K. of R. & S. 

Received the within Credential from the G. K. of R. & S. in regular course, 

have examined the same and find it correct, in accordance with the laws 

of this Grand Lodge, and the bearer entitled to admission to the Grand 

Lodge K. of P. of and all rights and privileges accruing 

to him under this said Credential. 



Chairman Com. on R. 6° C. 
.18 . 



Remarks. 



280 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

PETITION FOR CHARTER. 



IntjgJtte of Isthias. 



&o % (Sranb Chancellor, dffictrs, anb |$Umbers of % (Uranb JCotrgc, (Sranb |urm- 
bittioit of 

The undersigned, officers of, and acting in behalf of 

Lodge, U. D., located at , in this Grand Jurisdiction, 

would represent that said Lodge was instituted on the day of 

, 18 , with members; that it now has a 

total of members; that they have conformed to, and worked under 

the Laws of the Grand Lodge of this Jurisdiction and the usages of the Order ; 
have made the proper Returns required by the Laws of the Grand Lodge, 
which have passed examination and been pronounced correct by your " Grand 
Keeper of Records and Seal," as also your " Committee on Returns and Cre- 
dentials; " and knowing of no lawful reason or hindrance thereto, tender here- 
with the amount fixed by law, as the fee in such cases provided, and ask that 
A CHARTER, WITH ARMORIAL ESCUTCHEON AND NUMERI- 
CAL SHIELD therein, be issued to them, and that they be enrolled on the 

ROSTER OF LODGES 
of this Grand Jurisdiction in accordance therewith; and renewing our fealty 
to the Laws, enactments, and decisions of the Grand Lodge, and the rules, 
usages, and work of the Order, we respectfully and fraternally submit this, 

our official request, for your approval or dissent, this day of 

, 18 , and of the Pythian Period the 

Charter Fee enclosed, $ 

, a a 

[seal.] Attest: K.ofR.&S. 

£f)ts is to (Certify that the above named Lodge, under Dispensation, 

having been under my official supervision since 18 , it gives me much 

pleasure to approve this petition, and I would most respectfully recommend that the prayer 
contained therein be granted, and that a valid and regular CHARTER be issued to them 
by the Grand Lodge. 



District Deputy Grand Chancellor. 

A. D. 18 

And of the Pythian Period the 



[endorsement on back.] 
PETITION FOR CHARTER 

By Lodge, U. D. Made A. D. 18 

„, And of the Pythian Period the 

Charter Granted by the 

GRAND LODGE, 

At... Session f and issued to the following named. 

parties, viz. : 

P. C. M. of F. 

C. C. M. ofE. 

V. C. M. at A. 

P. I. G. 

• K. of R. & S O. G. 

C* n A. D. 18 , and of the Pythian Period the 



G. K. of P. &» S. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 



28l 



LODGE, No. 



Name. 



Age. Occupation. Motto. 



Password. 



Original Signature, No 

Witness , K. of R. & S. 



APPLICATION FOR CARD. 



f nights of jpgtMas. 



A. D., 18 , 

And of the Pythian Period the 

&o \\t goarb of <S>rartb ©fficcrs of % (Srcmb ITobge of 

I, the undersigned, a Knight, respectfully represent that I was formerly a 

member of Lodge, No ,of. , now defunct; 

that I was in good standing at the time of its dissolution, and now wishing 
to be again enrolled as a member of the order, do hereby most respectfully 
petition for a Withdrawal Card. 

If it is granted, I promise a renewal of my obligations, with a full and due 
observance of all the requirements of the order. 

The amount due the Lodge, $ , also prescribed fee forCard$ , 

accompanies. 

Signature 

Age Residence 

Occupation Place of Business 

Application must be made in the applicant's own handwriting 

From personal knowledge of the applicant, we recommend his prayer be 
granted. 

Bro Bro 



[endorsement on back.] 

intJjWs of fgtftias. 

Application for Withdrawal Card, by 

of Lodge, No , of. 

Received 18 

Referred to board for action 18 

Voted, That the application be 

Card forwarded 18 



G. K. of R. & S. 



H 



282 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS, ETC. 

DISTRICT DEPUTY GRAND CHANCELLOR'S 
COMMISSION. 



Ittiflftte of fjttos. 

Office of the Grand Chancellor of the Grand Lodge ] 

Knights of Pythias, Jurisdiction of I 

18 , | 

p.p. J 

%a %\\ WL\nm i\m frmnts mag €omz, greeting : 

fttofo ft, That I, . Grand Chancellor 

of the Grand Lodge of , by virtue of the authority vested in me, do 

hereby constitute, authorize, and commission Past Chancellor 

of Lodge, No , District Deputy 

Grand Chancellor for the District of or otherwise, 

as by me directed, where his Official duties for, or during the term ending 

18 , (and until his successor is duly qualified) may 

require, to act according to, and under my instructions as the GRAND 
CHANCELLOR of this Grand Jurisdiction and the Constitution and Laws 

governing the Grand Lodge, K. of P., of , or until revoked by me as 

said Grand Chancellor, prior to the expiration of hereinbefore mentioned 
term. 

It is the duty of the said Deputy to see that the work of the Order is cor- 
rectly communicated to those entitled to receive it, and to see that the Laws 
are strictly enforced. 

It is the duty of all Lodges in said Jurisdiction to yield obedience to all 
lawful instructions of the said Deputy. 

Let all our acts be characterized by energy, fidelity, and devotion to the 
principles of our most Honorable Order. 

U« Witness fcohmof, I have hereunto set my hand, and 

caused the Seal of the Grand Lodge of. to be 

[seal.] affixed at this 

day of. 18 . 



Grand Chancellor. 
Attest: 



G. K. ofR. 6* S. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 283 

APPLICATION FOR INITIATION AND MEMBER- 
SHIP IN A SUBORDINATE LODGE. 



f nights of fjthte. 



Columbus, , 18 . 

fto the ©ffitns anb pembera of fobge, |to. ..., % $ .: 

Having conceived a favorable impression of your honorable Order, and 
read a copy of your Constitution and By-Laws, I ask to become a member of 
your Lodge by [initiation or card]. If accepted, I promise a full and due 
observance of all laws and regulations that govern the Lodge. 

My age is years; I reside at No Street; and my 

occupation is that of a 

Very respectfully, 



Recommended by Proposition referred to 
Bros Bros 



Fee inclosed, $ 

NOTICE TO COMMITTEE ON APPLICANTS. 



imjhis of fgthms, 

Lodge, No. ..., K. P. 



Bro , you are hereby notified that you have been appointed on a 

committee to investigate the health and character of His age is ; 

occupation ; he resides at , and was recommended by Bros 

Your colleagues are : 

Bros 

, K. ofR. & S. 

REPORT ON APPLICATION. 



Imjto of fjjrthiaH, 



Columbus, , 18 . 

£0 % Officers anb ^embers of fobge, go. ..., f. $ .: 

We, your committee to whom was referred the application of for 

admission by , would beg leave to report that we have discharged the 

duty assigned us, and find the petitioner worthy [or unworthy], and recom- 
mend his election [or rejection]. 
Yours in F., C, and B., 



Con unit tee. 



284 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

PETITION FOR DISPENSATION. 



Lodge, No. ..., K. P. 

, , 18 

To P. C 

Deputy Grand Chancellor for Lodge \or District], No. ... K. P. : 

Dear Sir and Bro. : You are respectfully requested to grant to 

Lodge, No , a dispensation permitting us to [confer the three ranks on 

the same evening; or state any other business for which you 

wish a dispensation]. 

, a c. 

[SEAL.] , K. of R. & S. 

DISPENSATION. 



Snijhte of Igtttss. 

, is 

To Lodge, No. ..., K. P.: 

By virtue of the authority invested in me as the Deputy of the Grand Chan- 
cellor for Lodge [or District], No. ..., I hereby grant and allow you to [confer 

all three ranks on thesame evening; or whatever petitioned 

for], as set forth in your petition dated , 18... 



D. D. Grand Chancellor. 
ORDER FOR THE S. A. PASS-WORD. 



Inijftte of iQthia*. 

Lodge, No. ..., K. P. 

, 18 

%z % Chancellor Commanber of ang ITobge of % % |). to iofyitfy ifjis mag be 
piesenteb— 

Greeting: This is to certify that the bearer, .,...., is a member 

of this Lodge in good standing, and is entitled to the pass-word of the cur- 
rent term, which you will please communicate to him, after a strict examina- 
tion. You will please retain or destroy this order. 
Yours in F., C., and B., 

, C. C. 

[seal.] , K. of R. &> S. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 285 

NOTICE TO WATCH WITH A SICK BROTHER. 



Sniflltts of fgthtas- 

Lodge, No. ..., K. P. 

, 18 

Bro , 

You are hereby notified to watch with Bro on night, 

..., 18.... He resides at No. ..., Street. 

By order of the C. C. 

K.ofR.&> S. 

PETITION FOR CHARTER OR DISPENSATION. 



Snights of fsthtas. 



&o \\t (Sranb Chancellor ano Pembcrs of % 6ranb $fobge of % '§. : 

The undersigned, residing in , respectfully petition your honor- 
able body to grant them a charter or dispensation to establish a Lodge of the 

Knights of Pythias, to be located in Said Lodge to be known 

as Lodge, No. ..., of Knights of Pythias, and under your juris- 
diction. 

Charter Fee inclosed, $30. 

Signed, 



COMMISSION TO INSTITUTE A LODGE. 



Imjghte of flgthias. 

Office of the Grand Chancellor, 

■ ,18 

To P. C : 

Dear Sir and Brother : You are hereby commissioned to act as my 
Deputy in instituting a Lodge of the Order of Knights of Pythias, to be 
located at , County, , to be hailed as 

Lodge, No. ..., and to install its first officers, a charter [or dispensation] 
having been granted to said Lodge. 



Grand C hancellor. 



286 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

REPORT OF INSTITUTING OFFICER. 



f nijhte of jpjthias. 



%q , (Sratth CfjatttElIor of % JSiate of 

Dear Sir and Brother: Assisted by the following Past Chancellors 
[name those acting as Grand officers], I performed the duty specified in my 

commission, and instituted Lodge, No. ..., located at 

County, , on the day of , 18 , 

and installed the following officers : 

, P. C , K. of R. and S. 

, C. C , M. of F. 

, V. C , M. of E. 

,P. 

[Give any further information that may be necessary.] 
Yours in F., C, and B., 



Special Deputy. 
INSTALLATION REPORT. 



SnijMa 0| §£fhi&& 



%a Sranb Chancellor % $. of % Stat* of 

Dear Sir and Brother : In compliance with the duty imposed upon me, 

I installed the officers of Lodge, No. ..., on the evening of 

, 1 8 , after first ascertaining that the reports to the Grand 

Lodge had been made out, and the amounts due the Grand Lodge had been 
drawn from the treasury, and both were ready to be forwarded to the Grand 
Recording and Corresponding Scribe. The names of the officers installed 
are : 

, C. C , K. of R. and S. 

, V. C , M. of F. 

, P , M. of E. 

Brother is the Past Chancellor for the ensuing 

term. 

Yours in F., C, and B., 

Deputy. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 287 

PAST CHANCELLOR'S CERTIFICATE. 



SnigMs of §nthia». 

Lodge, No , K. P. 

®o tbe £ranb f obg« of , % f .: 

This is to certify that P. C , having been duly qualified and 

passed the C. C.'s chair of this Lodge, and being clear of the books and 
under no charge, is fully qualified to become a member of the Grand Lodge 

of 

Jn testimony fojjmof, we have hereunto affixed our hands 

[seal.] and the seal of this Lodge, this day 

of , A. D. 18 

C C. 
... ...', K. ofR. <y s. 

REPRESENTATIVE'S CERTIFICATE. 



ImflMs of fgtlu^ 

Lodge, No , K. P. 

Co the (Snmb fobge of , $. |.: 

This is to certify that P. C has been duly elected a Repre- 
sentative of this Lodge, to the Grand Lodge of , for the term of 

one year from the first day of January, 18 

|Jtt mitttcss fcobmof, we have hereunto subscribed our 

[seal.] names and affixed the seal of our Lodge, at the 

of this day of ..., A. D. 18 

C. C. 
'.'. .. ...', K. of R. 6- S. 

PETITION FOR REMOVAL OF LODGE. 



Inlets of fatto. 

SFo % (granb fobgcof , % $.: 

The undersigned, Knights in good standing, of Lodge, No , 

now located at , County, , respectfully represent 

that it will be for the advantage of said Lodge in particular, and of the Order 

in general, to have said Lodge removed to , County, 

; we would therefore ask a warrant for its removal. 



, etc. 

Approved at the regular meeting of Lodge, No , K. P., 

held on evening, , 18 

[ seal -] :::::::::::::::::::::::::::; c k%r.& s. 



288 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

PETITION FOR REVIVAL OF DEFUNCT 
LODGE. 



Snigltte of $gftbt8. 

Slo i\% dlranb % obge of & $.: 

The undersigned, respectfully represent that we were Knights in good 

standing of Lodge, No located at , County, 

, at the time it surrendered its charter and effects and became de- 
funct. Believing that it would be for the good of the Order to have said 
Lodge revived at the present time, we would respectfully request that the 
charter and effects be restored to us, pledging our best efforts to maintain the 
Lodge hereafter. 

Dated at , on the day of 



etc. 



APPEAL FOR AID AUTHORIZED BY THE 
GRAND CHANCELLOR. 



Snijjhte of §£tbias. 



Office of the Grand Chancellor, 

, ,18 

&o % guborbmate % obges of % . $.: 

Whereas, Lodge, No , of , in the State of , 

is in need of pecuniary aid, in consequence of , I, in the exercise of 

the power within me vested as Grand Chancellor of the State, [District, or 

Territory] of , do hereby grant Lodge, No , the 

privilege of appealing to the sister Lodges of this jurisdiction, and recom- 
mend said Lodges to grant such assistance as is within their power. 

APPLICATION FOR SICK BENEFITS WHEN A 
BROTHER RESIDES A DISTANCE FROM THE 
LODGE. 

lights of $£tfcias. 

®o % #ffieers anb Pembtrs of fobge, $to , $. $} . of 

Brethren: I was prostrated by severe illness [or accident] on the. 



day of , 1 8 , which disabled me from following my occupation 

until the day of , 18 , I therefore claim benefits for 

weeks. Inclosed you will please find the certificate of my physi- 
cian, also of the Chancellor Commander of Lodge, No 

[or President of Relief Committee], K. P., of this place. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 289 

PHYSICIAN'S CERTIFICATE. 



f nights of §gfUu. 

$0% ©ffieers anb Members of fobge, $to ,|i. J. of 

This is to certify that Mr was sick from the day of 

18 , to the day of 18 , so that he was unable to follow his usual 

occupation. 



., M. D. 



CHANCELLOR COMMANDER OR PRESIDENT 
OF RELIEF COMMITTEE'S STATEMENT. 



iniflltte 4 JPsthiaa. 



So % Officers attb Dumber* of fobge, go , % $ . of 

Having visited Bro during his illness, and as Dr is a 

practising physician of this place, and bears a good character as to honor and 
veracity, I have no doubt that the above statements are correct. 
Yours in F., C, and B. 



C. C. [or Pres. of Pel. Com.] 
[SEAL.] , 

K. of R. & S. [or Sec. of Pel. Com.] 

WITHDRAWAL CARD. 



inigltts of fgfbtes. 



Jurisdiction of 

A. D. 188 , P. P 

So % ©Seers attb $$embers of % obge , gjto. ... 

The undersigned respectfully represents that he has attained to the Rank 

of* , that he is clear of the books, free from charges made or 

pending, and knowing of no valid objection, most respectfully requests that a 
Withdrawal Card be granted to him. 

The prescribed fee for Card, $ accompanies. 

Signature. 
* Insert Rank. If a P. C. or P. G. C, a Rank Credential should accompany. 

25 T 



29O THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

Note. — It is important that Lodge Rosters and Semi-Annual Reports shall be absolutely 
free from errors. To this end read the " General Directions," and also the special direc- 
tions under each heading, and see that you understand them before using the blanks ; if in 
doubt upon any point, write for information. 



SEMI-ANNUAL REPORT. 



intgftts of ggthias. 



Of Lodge, No , Knights of Pythias, 

for the Term commencing 
188 , and ending 188 



Lodge meets at Minnesota. 

Night of meeting days. 

Communications for the Lodge should be directed to 

K, of R. & S. 



.County, Minnesota. 



INSTALLING OFFICER'S REPORT. 

Minn 188 

I hereby certify that I have this day installed the within-named officers for 
the ensuing term (excepting 



and that I have received as per capita tax, the sum of.... 
dollars and cents. 



Installing Offic 



Received 188... 

for % enclosed. 



G. K.ofR.& S. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 
RANKS— WHEN CONFERRED. 



29I 



Directions. — Write all names legibly and spell them correctly ; give Christian names in 
full instead of initials when you can do so. Write names on alternate lines unless crowded for 
space. Immediately after a member's name add his Roster number. Enter name of Appli- 
cant by Initiation on your Roster when the first rank is conferred, not when applied for. 
Do not wait until all the ranks are conferred, but enter in the order in which the first rank 
is conferred, but do not enter a name unless one or more ranks are conferred during the term. 
Where a member joins by card and another by initiation on the same night, the former 
should be placed first on the Roster. If no ranks are conferred during the term, write the 
word " None" to show the matter has not been overlooked. 





NAME. 


Roster No. 


Initiated as 
Page. 


Proved as 
Esquire. 


Charged as 
Knight. 































































ADMITTED BY CARD. 



Directions. — Enter when elected, no matter whether candidate appears then or not. 
When a member joins by card and another by initiation on the same night, place former 
first on Roster. 





NAME. 


Roster 
No. 


Date of 
Election. 


Rank. 


Name and No. of 
Former Lodge, 


Town and State. 

















































REINSTATED TO MEMBERSHIP. 



Directions. — Do not give a new Roster number, but use the old one. Enter on date of 
Lodge's action, whether member appears then or not. 



NAME. 


Roster 
No. 


Rank. 


Date. 


















































. : , 





292 



THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 
WITHDRAWN BY CARD. 



Directions. — Enter on date of Lodge's action whether member actually receives his card 
then or not. Fill all blanks. 



NAME. 


Roster 

No. 


Rank. 


Date. 

























































DECEASED MEMBERS. 



Directions. — When practicable, state cause of death, age, occupation, married or single, 
burial place, etc , under head of " Remarks." 



NAME. 


Roster 

No. 


Date. 


REMARKS. 





































APPLICANTS REJECTED. 



Directions. — Do not give a rejected applicant a Roster number. Enter on date of 
Lodge's action, whether applicant be then notified or not. 


NAME. 


Date. 


Occupation. 


REMARKS. 





























;;;::;.;; 







MEMBERS SUSPENDED. 



Directions. — If for non-payment of dues, write " npd." under head of " Remarks." 
If for other cause, so state, and period of suspension. Do not forget Roster number, and 
remember that members who are in arrears, but have not been suspended according to law 
or before the close of last term, are not to be reported as suspended members. 



NAME. 


Roster 

No. 


Date. 


REMARKS. 
































__ - 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 



293 



PAST GRAND AND PAST CHANCELLORS. 



Directions. — Arrange names in order in which they secured such rank. Past officers 
joining by card, date from the deposit thereof, no matter when they became such. Place 
name of retiring Chancellor Commander last on the list. Do not forget Roster number. If 
post-office address is different from that of the Lodge, so state. 



NAME. 


Roster No. 


Rank. 


I 






2 











MEMBERSHIP. 

Directions. — Having first consulted your last report, look over your Lodge Roster and 
be sure that your figures are correct, and that the deductions are only those made during the 
term, not including those made at first meeting of new term. Suspended members are not 
to be included in your Report as members until reinstated ; when reinstated, their names 
should be entered under that heading. All other members are to be included under 
Esquires and Pages. 



No. of Members per last Report. 
" initiated during trie term...., 

" admitted by card 

" reinstated 



First total. 

FROM WHICH DEDUCT 

No. withdrawn by Card 

" suspended 

" deceased 

Second total. 
Present No. members 



RANK. 



Directions. — See that the figures given agree with the foregoing; the totals must be 
the same. 



Past Grand Chancellors 

Past Chancellors 

Knights , 

Esquires 

Pages 

Total in membership... 



GRAND LODGE ASSESSMENT. 



Directions. — Include as Knights all Past Grand Chancellors and Past Chancellors, or 
all members except Esquires and Pages. 



per capita tax. 



Amount. 



.Knights at cents each'$. 



25 



294 



THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 
RECEIPTS. 



Directions. — Report all receipts from whatever source. Opposite No. 13, insert amount 
of cash on hand at beginning of term (No. 32 in previous report), not including investments 
of any nature. The K. of R. & S. should keep no funds in his hands, but pay over all fees to 
the M. F. as soon as received. Fees paid by candidates, whether subsequently rejected or 
not, should be included in Receipts ; in case of rejection an order should be drawn for the 
amount, which should be entered opposite No. 28. Do not interline additional sources of 
revenue ; all not coming under Nos. 1 to 10 should be included in No. 11. 





% 










3 " Third Rank 






4 " Admittance by Card 






5 " Withdrawal Cards 






6 " Dues and Assessments 






8 " Fines 






9 " Rents 






10 " Loans and Interest , 












12 Total 












13 Add Balance per last Report 






14 Total receipts for term 







LIABILITIES. 



Directions. — Include only amounts due by the Lodge, not including " Grand Lodge 
Assessments." 



For What. 


Amount. 




$ 
















Total 











EXPENDED FOR RELIEF. 



Directions. — Include only moneys paid from Lodge funds ; not donations by'individual 
members. 



15 Relief of Brothers of this Lodge.... 

16 Relief of Brothers of other Lodges. 

17 Burial of Brothers 

18 Burial of Brothers' wives 

19 Relief of families 

20 Relief of widows 

21 Relief of orphans , 

22 Watching sick 

23 Total paid for relief 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 
MISCELLANEOUS EXPENSES. 



295 



Directions. — All expenditures, except for relief, should be entered opposite proper num- 
bers under this head. The per capita tax last paid should be entered opposite No. 24, and 
a memoranda of tax sent with new report should be entered under head of Grand Lodge 
Assessment, which amount will be entered opposite No. 24, next term, it being a part of the 
expenditures of that term. No. 27 includes only supplies furnished by Grand Lodge — not 
paraphernalia, etc. "Other expenditures" (No. 29) includes all miscellaneous expendi- 
tures that cannot be classified under Nos. 24 to 28, inclusive. No. 30 includes sum total of 
Nos. 24 to 29, inclusive. 



24 Per capita tax last term 

25 Rent of Lodge Room 

26 Compensation to officers 

27 Grand Lodge Supplies 

28 Fees returned to rejected applicants. 

29 Other expenditures 

30 Total miscellaneous expenses . 



SUMMARY. 



Directions. — No. 31 is the sum total of expenses for term ; No. 32 means cash on hand 
or on deposit, not including money loaned on securities of any sort. 



Total Receipts (No. 14). 

31 Total Expenses (Nos. 23 and 30), 

32 Balance cash on hand 



INVESTMENTS. 



Directions.— Include all cash assets and property owned by the Lodge, but not unpaid 
dues, assessments, etc., which are not assets that can be counted as investments, and (for 
such purpose) should be ignored ; otherwise a Lodge might be made to appear in very 
healthy condition and in reality be bankrupt. Include all property, paraphernalia, books, 
etc., whether purchased during current or former terms, at fair valuation. 



33 Amount on mortgage security . 

34 " Lodge property 

35 " Otherwise invested . 

36 Total. 

37 Balance of cash on hand (No. 32) . 

38 Grand total (Nos. 36 and 37) 



$. 

$; 



296 



THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 
RECAPITULATION. 



Directions.— Be sure that the figures agree with those elsewhere given in report. 



Membership at last report 
Initiated during term 
Admitted by Card . . 






























Total 








Suspended . . . 
Deceased . . . 










Total 












Present number of members r 








. . $ 


• 

Balance cash at last report 
Receipts during term 








. $... 




Total receipts 
Paid for relief 
Paid for funerals . . 


. $ 


Miscellaneous expenses . 

Total expense 






$ 




Balance on hand . 


. $ 

. $ 


Investments . 

Total resources . • 




Liabilities 

Grand Lodge Assessments .... 




* . .........•*....... 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 297 

GENERAL DIRECTIONS. 



[Read these and the special directions under each heading carefully, and be sure you 
know what should be done before doing it ; when Reports are sent back for correction see 
that the corrections are promptly made, and Reports returned to the Grand Keeper of 
Records and Seal.] 

1. Write all names and numbers legibly. After each member's name, 
herein mentioned, give his number as it appears on the revised roster of 
membership, as : 

Admitted by card — John Doe (29), Jan. 11. 
Suspended — Richard Roe (72), Feb. 20, npd. 

2. A new Lodge, in making its first report, will place its Charter Members 
first in the Lodge Roster, commencing with the officers in order of rank, and 
in the same order in Term Roster. 

3. If no ranks are conferred during the Term, write the word " None" in 
proper place, and in like manner when there is nothing to report under any 
of the other headings, so state, or draw lines to show that they have not been 
overlooked. 

4. Each Lodge is required to pay to the Grand Lodge, with each Semi- 
Annual Report, such per capita tax for every Past Grand Chancellor, Past 
Chancellor, and Knight in good standing, as the Grand Lodge at its Annual 
Session may determine, all except Pages and Esquires being counted as 
Knights. 

5. Semi- Annual Reports should be made out in triplicate in the interval 
between the last meeting in the old term and the first meeting in the new term, 
and shown to the installing officer, as he must know that the Report has been 
made out and the money drawn and ready to be forwarded, or he cannot 
legally install the officers or communicate the P. W. 

6. The money due the Grand Lodge for per capita tax must accompany the 
Report delivered to the installing officer and should be sent in the form of 
drafts or Post-Office orders. Make your drafts payable to the order of the 
Grand Keeper of Records and Seal by his NAME. Do not insert titles in a 
draft or order. 

7. The Past Chancellor's Certificate should be filled up in duplicate ; one 
copy to be forwarded to the Grand Keeper of Records and Seal, and the 
other delivered to the Past Chancellor. 

8. Do not forget the Seal of the Lodge. 



298 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

CERTIFICATE OF RETIRING OFFICERS. 



Directions. — This Report should be signed by the Retiring Officers and not by those 
about to be installed. Do not forget the Seal. 



We hereby certify that we have carefully read the General and Special 
Directions printed in this report, and that this report is made out in conformity 
therewith, and is correct throughout. 

In witness whereof we have hereunto set our hands and the 

Seal of the Lodge, at , Minnesota, this 

day of 188 , and of the Pythian Period the XX. 

[seal.] 

Chancellor Commander. 



Keeper of Records and Seal. 



Referred to Grand Lodge Committee on Returns and Credentials, this 

day of February, 188 

G. K. of R. <5r» S. 



CERTIFICATE OF GRAND LODGE COMMITTEE. 



Minneapolis, Minn., February , 188 . 

The Committee on Returns and Credentials of the Grand Lodge Knights 
of Pythias of Minnesota, having duly examined the within Report, find the 
same to be correct 



Chairman. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 299 

OFFICERS SERVING DURING TERM. 



Directions. — See that all blanks are properly filled up, whether officer holds over or not. 
Insert names only of those holding office at end of term, and if elected to fill a vacancy so 
state, with date of installation, under the head of " Remarks." 



NAME. 


Roster 

No. 


Office. 


REMARKS. 






P. c. 

c. c. 

V. c. 

p. 

K. R. S. 
M. E. 
M. F. 
M. A. 
I. G. 
O. G. 

































































OFFICERS FOR ENSUING TERM. 



Directions. — Do not fill up these blanks until the night of installation, as unlooked for 
changes may then occur. If Officer holds over, so state. 



NAME. 


Roster 

No. 


Office. 


POST-OFFICE ADDRESS. 






P. c. 

c. c. 

V. c. 

p. 

K. R. S. 
M. E. 
M. F. 
M. A. 
I.G. 
O. G. 































































REPRESENTATIVES TO GRAND LODGE. 



Directions.— Be sure that entries herein agree with those on credentials, and get dates 
right. 



NAME. 


Roster 
No. 


When 
Elected. 


POST-OFFICE ADDRESS. 



































BLANKS FOR CRIMINAL PROCEDURE. 



[form a.] 
ACCUSATION. 



Castle Hall of Lodge, No , Jurisdiction of 

Charge and Specification of charge preferred by against 

, a and a member of Lodge, No 

I, , a member in good standing of 

Lodge, No. ..., do hereby charge , a member of 

Lodge, No , with "conduct unbecoming a Knight of Pythias," as set 

forth in the following articles of impeachment : 

Charge I 



Specification I. In this, that on or about the day of 

A. D. 18 , and the Pythian Period the , at 

State of , the said did 



A. D. 1 8 , and of the Pythian Period the.. 



[FORM B.] 
NOTICE TO PARTIES INTERESTED. 



Inijghte of Istttias. 



Castle Hall of Lodge, No. ..., Jurisdiction of 

A. D., 18 

and of the Pythian Period the 

To 

You being a party interested in the case of 

against are hereby notified to appear at Hall, 

No Street, in on the day 

of A. D., 18 , and of the Pythian Period the 

at o'clock in the noon, at which time and place the Com- 
mittee of Trial will be selected. 



Hereof fail not. 

[L. S.] 

K. of P. & S. 
300 



THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS, ETC. 3OI 

[FORM c] 
NOTICE TO COMMITTEE OF TRIAL. 



Inigftte ajf ggftiM. 



Castle Hall of Lodge, No. ..., Jurisdiction of 

A. D., 188 , 

and of the Pythian Period the 

To 

Sir and Brother, — It is my duty to notify you of your appointment as a 

member of a Committee of Trial, in the case of. 

against 

Associated with you on this Committee are Brothers 

Your attention is called to Section 41, Code of Procedure. 
[> B.] 

[form d.] 
CITATION OF ACCUSED. 



K.ofR.&S. 



InijMs of jpjjtWaa. 



Castle Hall of Lodge, No. ..., Jurisdiction of 

To 

We command you that you appear before us, the 

Committee of Trial, at Hall, No St., 

in on the day of , A. D. 188 , 

and of the Pythian Period the , at o'clock, in the 

-noon, then and there to answer to the charge and specifications preferred 

against you by 

Fail not of appearance at your peril. 

Witness Chairman of Committee of Trial, and the seal of 

the said Lodge, No , at , this the day 

of , A. D. 188 , and of the Pythian Period the 

L ■-• Recorder. 

[endorsement on back.] 

RETURN OF SERVICE OF FOREGOING 
CITATION. 
A. D., 188 , 

and of the Pythian Period the 

To the Committee of Trial, — I have cited the within named accused to 
appear and answer as directed, by serving on him the original, of which 
the within is a true copy. 

* Said service was made 



Recorder. 
* State whether in person or by mail : as per section 35. 
26 



302 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

[FORM E.j 
SUMMONS OF WITNESSES. 



Iniflhte of §%Mm. 

Castle Hall of Lodge, No. ..., Jurisdiction of 



To 

We command you that you appear before us, the 

Committee of Trial, at Hall, No St., 

in on the day of , A. D. 188 , 

and of the Pythian Period the , at o'clock, in the 

noon, and from day to day, until discharged, then and there to give evidence 

of what you know in the case of against 

Hereof fail not at your peril. 

Witness Chairman of Committee of 

Trial, and the seal of the said 

Lodge, No , at , this the day of , 

A. D. 188 , and of the Pythian Period the , 

Recorder. 

[SEAL.] 

[endorsement on back.] 

RETURN OF SERVICE OF FOREGOING 
SUMMONS. 

A.D., 1 88 , 

and of the Pythian Period the 

To the Committee of Trial, — I have summoned the within named witness 
to appear and give evidence, by serving on him a true copy of this summons. 

Recorder. 

[form f.] 
FORM FOR TAKING EVIDENCE. 



Inights of g^Atias. 



Castle Hall of Lodge, No , Jurisdiction of 

I {name of witness), a member and a in rank, in 

good standing on the Roster of Lodge, No , Knights 

of Pythias, of (city or town) of County of 

and Grand Jurisdiction of , hereby depose, declare and say, 

that the statements about to be made by me in the case of (name of accuser) 
against (na?7ie of accused), now before, and under examination by, the author- 
ity before whom I am now about to testify, are true in effect, free from preju- 
dice or personal feeling, and prompted only from a desire to see evil cor- 
rected, abuses remedied, the laws carried out, and justice done; to all of 
which I affirm on my Honor as a Knight, under the penalties of the laws, 
and my obligations as a member of the Order of Knights of Pythias. 

{Signature ofzviiness.) 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 303 

[FORM G-] 
COMMISSION TO TAKE DEPOSITION. 



Iniflhte of f sthtas. 



Castle Hall of Lodge, No jurisdiction of 

So \\z Chancellor Commanber of fcbge, |to 

Greeting : 

Assured of your prudence and fidelity, we do, BY these presents, em- 
power and request you to take the Deposition of 

to be used in a case now pending in our Lodge, of 

against 

, and at a certain time, to be 

by you appointed, to cause the Deponent to come before you, and carefully 
examine him in answer to the interrogatories hereunto annexed, and reduce 
the examination, or cause the same to be reduced to writing in your presence ; 
and after such deposition shall thus be reduced to writing, it shall be carefully 
read to or by the Deponent, and shall then be signed by him, and certified by 
yourself and the Seal of Lodge, No 

You will take such deposition in a place separate and apart from all other 
persons, and permit no person to be present during such examination, except 
-the Deponent and yourself , and such disinterested person as you may think fit- 
to appoint, to assist you in reducing the deposition to writing, and you shall put 
the several interrogatories and cross-interrogatories to the Deponent in their 
order, and take the answer of the Deponent to each, fully and clearly, before 
proceeding to the next, and not read to the Deponent, nor permit the Depo- 
nent to read a succeeding interrogatory until the answer to the preceding 
one has been fully taken down. 

Of this our commission, with your doings by warrant of the same, you will 
make return under Seal to our said Lodge with all convenient expedition. 

Witness my hand as Chancellor 

Commander of our said Lodge, and the Seal thereof, at 

on this the day of , A. D., 188 , and of the 

Pythian Period the 



[seal.] K. of R. & S. 



304 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

[FORM H.] 

NOTICE TO DEFENDANT OF RESULT OF 
TRIAD. 



f nights of f gtltiaa. 

Castle Hall of Lodge, No , Jurisdiction of 

A.D., 188 , 

and of the Pythian Period the 

To 

It is my duty to notify you of the result of the trial in the case in which 
you were the Defendant, which is as follows : 

Charge I 



Specification 



Penalty adjudged 

[seal.] K.ofR.&S. 



[FORM I.] 
APPEAL FROM THE DECISION. 



Inijghte of ffcthias. 

Castle Hall of Lodge,No , Jurisdiction of 

§To \\t drsnb ITobge, — 

I hereby most respectfully appeal from the decision of Lodge, 

No , in the case of {name of accuser) against {name of accused'), under 

the charge and specifications as set forth in the papers hereto annexed, and 
base my appeal upon the following grounds : 

{Here state full reason for appeal?) 

{Signature of appellant?) 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 305 

[FORM J.] 
CREDENTIALS OF COMMITTEES, ETC. 



InijMa ojf jgjthiaa. 

Castle Hall of Lodge, No , Jurisdiction of. 



To 

This is to certify that 

member in good standing ha been regularly appointed by this Lodge as 

therefor in the case of 

against 

and legally qualified to represent this Lodge 

Witness , 

Chancellor Commander of our said Lodge, and the Seal thereof, at 

, on this the day of , 

A. D., 188 , and of the Pythian Period the 



[L. s.] K.ofR.& S. 

[form K.] 

REPORT OF DELINQUENT WITNESSES. 



SntfiMa of Jgathia*. 

Castle Hall of Lodge, No , Jurisdiction of. 



To 

Your Committee of Trial hereby respectfully report that a proper and legal 

summons was served in the usual manner on Brother 

of Lodge, No , directing him to 

appear before us and give evidence in the case of. 

against 

but the said brother has disregarded the same and has failed to appear as 
commanded. 



Chairman of Committee of Trial. 
Attest : 



Recorder. 

A. D., 

and of the Pythian Period the... 
26* U 



306 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

[form L.] 
NOTICE OF SAME TO ANOTHER LODGE. 



Snifihte 4 JP8thia». 



Castle Hall of Lodge, No .Jurisdiction of 

To Lodge, No 

Brethren : — A proper and legal summons having been served upon Brother 

, a member of 

your Lodge, directing him to appear before a Committee of Trial of this Lodge, 
and give evidence in a case now pending before them, and the said brother 
having disregarded the summons, and thus far failed to appear as commanded, 
it becomes our duty to submit his case to you for such action as will enforce 
his attendance before said Committee, or that otherwise you may take proper 
measures for the punishment of the contempt evinced in his evasion of the 
summons. 

Witness our hand and the Seal of. 

Lodge, No , affixed at , this the day 

of , A. D., 188 , and of the Pythian Period the 

c. a 



K.ofR. &*S. 
[l. s.] 

[form m.] 



REMOVAL OF CASE TO ANOTHER LODGE. 



Castle Hall of Lodge, No , Jurisdiction of 

To Lodge, No , greeting: 

A certain charge, a copy of which accompanies this request, having been 

preferred against Brother , a member of 

this Lodge, it is our wish, for the following reasons \here state reasons in full\, 

that you conduct a trial in the case of the aforesaid accused Brother 

, and we hereby request that in our behalf you will 

take charge of the case and proceed with the trial in form as prescribed by 
the Code of Procedure of this Jurisdiction. 

Witness our hand and the Seal of. 

r -. Lodge, No , affixed at , this the 

L L - S 'J day of A. D., 188 , and of 

the Pythian Period the 

Attest: C. C. 

K. o/R. <S^ S. 

The above request is ...approved 






Grand Chancellor. 
.A. D. 1 88 , and of the Pythian Period the 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 307 

[form n.] 
RETURN OF RESULT FROM THAT LODGE. 



Inijghte 4 p^thtHH. 

Lodge, No , Jurisdiction of 

To Lodge, No 

Greeting: — Touching the matter of the case of , removed 

to our cognizance by your request, bearing date , we caused 

the accused to appear before our regularly appointed Committee of Trial, and 
after a full and impartial hearing the result reached was as follows : 
Charge 1st. {Here state result.) 

Specification 1st. {Here state result.') 

The papers in the case, together with the register of evidence and copy 
from our Records of the proceedings in the matter, duly attested, are here- 
with transmitted. 

Witness our hand and the Seal of Lodge, 

[l. s.] No , affixed at , this the day of 

, A. D., 18 , and of the Pythian Period the 



C. C. 
Attest : 

K. of P. 6- S. 

[form o.] 

REQUEST TO A WITNESS NOT A MEMBER OF 
THE ORDER. 



inijjhte of fatlums. 

Castle Hall of Lodge, No , Jurisdiction of 

A. D., 18 

and of the Pythian Period the 

To 

A certain accusation having been preferred against , 

a member of this Lodge, and which is now being investigated, and it having 
been shown to the Committee of Trial that your evidence will be of impor- 
tance in the case, we respectfully request that you will appear before us, the 

Committee of Trial, at Hall, No Street, 

in on the day of , A. D., 18 , 

at o'clock in the noon, then and there to communicate 

any facts bearing upon the case that may be within your knowledge. 



[L. S.] Chairman Committee. 

Recorder. 



DEDICATION OF HALLS. 



DIRECTIONS. 

r PHE Grand Chancellor of the Jurisdiction should preside at 
the Dedication of Halls, if practicable, or in his absence 
a Grand or Past Grand Officer, or the Grand Chancellor's 
representative in a Deputy Grand Chancellor. 

For Subordinate Lodges, only Officers as hereinafter mentioned 
are necessary, but in the case of the dedication of a Grand Lodge 
Hall, a corps of Supreme Officers, either actual or improvised, is 
necessary ; and it is better that the Grand Officers act as the 
Supreme Officers, and improvise from other members of the Grand 
Lodge, Grand Officers for the occasion. 

The Dedicating Officers, in either case, should be assembled 
in an ante or contiguous room, outside of the outer door of the 
Lodge, ready for entrance in proper order and time. 

The Altar should be in the centre of the Lodge-room, without 
anything on it, and at the designated hour the Officers, or i??i- 
provised Officers, should assume their proper stations. 

It is important, in the Dedicatory Ceremony, that the reading 
and all else occurring, should be loud, distinct, and clear, and 
the singing well performed, accompanied with instrumental 
music, if practicable. 

The Dedicating Officers should be furnished with the Lodge 
"Book of Law," or Bible, "a Human Skull," "Two Swords," 
" Two Censers " burning incense, " a Sprig of Myrtle," and " a 
Written Request," under the seal of the Lodge. The Grand 
Prelate should be clothed in a black gown and masked, who, 
upon entering the Lodge, shall assume a position back of the 
Altar, facing the Grand Chancellor, and remain standing. 



THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS, ETC. 309 

DEDICATORY CEREMONY. 

[At the designated hour an unseen bell is struck the proper number of 
times, to indicate the hour or time stated (prior to which the Officers' chairs 
are filled by Officers or improvised ones) when the following ensues :] 

Chancellor Commander (standing in his station, giving one 
rap with the gavel, says) : The bell in the tower having pro- 
claimed the hour, this special Convention of 

Lodge, No , Knights of Pythias, of this Grand Jurisdic- 
tion, will come to order. 

[The Chancellor Commander seats himself and continues :] 

Brother Master-at-Arms ! 

Master-at-Arms (rising promptly to his feet, responds) : 
Chancellor Commander ? 

C. C Are all the Officers at their proper stations ? 

M. at A. (looking around and satisfying himself) : They are, 
Chancellor Commander. 

C C. Thank you, Brother Master-at-Arms. 

[Addresses the Inner Guard.] 

Brother Inner Guard ! 

Inner Guard (rising, responds) : Chancellor Commander ? 

C. C Brother Inner Guard, it is my order that the outer portal 
of this Castle Hall be now closed, and that none be admitted 
unless under a challenge. This order you will convey to the 
Brother Outer Guard, that he may be at his station, announce 
alarms, and through you report to me. 

[Inner Guard retires, goes to outer door, and in a loud voice repeats to 
the Outer Guard :] 

/". G. Brother Outer Guard, it is the order of the Chancellor 
Commander that you close the outer portal of this Castle Hall, 
and permit no one to enter, unless under a challenge duly re- 
ported to him through me. 

O. G. The order of the Chancellor Commander shall be im- 
plicitly obeyed. 



310 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

[Outer Guard shuts the outer door and hangs up chains, etc., etc.] 
[Inner Guard returns to the Lodge Room, and from his station says :] 

I. G. Chancellor Commander, your order has been commu- 
nicated to the Brother Outer Guard, who will implicitly obey it. 

[The Chancellor Commander gives three raps when all are seated.] 

[The Herald and Master-at-Arms now go to the outer door, where the 

Herald sounds a challenge (or bugle call,) once, when in a loud voice the 

Outer Guard through the inner wicket says :] 

O. G. Brother Inner Guard, a challenge at the outer postern 
by the bridge. 

/. G. (rising) : Chancellor Commander, a challenge at the 
outer postern by the bridge. 

C. C. Brother Master-at-Arms ! 

M. at A. (rising): Chancellor Commander? 

C. C. You will repair to the outer postern by the bridge, and 
ascertain the cause of the challenge. If some poor wayfaring 
brother or wanderer is seeking shelter for the night, admit him, 
and see that his wants are cared for, according to rank or station. 
But if [rising to his feet] perchance it should be some messenger 
of fierce intent, assure the bearer that we will in person or by 
deputed Knight of equal estate, rank, valor, and reputation, 
wearing our coat-of-arms, avow our rectitude of purpose and con- 
duct in any aggrieved claim alleged. No gauntlet can be cast at 
our portal, but must be met in spirit as it is sent. [And turning 
to members sitting to the right or left — who will be ready to ojfer a 
sword, battle-axe, lance, shield and armor. ,] Brother Knights, 
have ready my armor, shield, and arms. ( Which are offered but 
not taken. ) 

[They all remain standing until the Master-at-Arms returns, stating the 
cause, when by a wave of the hand, the Chancellor Commander seats them.] 

[The Master-at-Arms retires, goes to the outer door, and asks in a loud 
voice :] 

M. at A. Who are you that sounds a challenge at our outer 
portal, and what is your message and desire ? 

Herald (answering from without) : A Herald accompanied by 
the Grand Master-at-Arms of the Grand Lodge, Knights of 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 3II 

Pythias of , seeks audience with the Chancellor 

Commander of Lodge, No , Knights of 

Pythias of 

M. at A. (returning, and from the Altar says): Chancellor 
Commander, I find the cause of the alarm to be a Herald, accom- 
panied by the Grand Master-at-Arms of the Grand Lodge, 

Knights of Pythias of , who seek audience 

with you, as the Chancellor Commander of 

Lodge, No , Knights of Pythias of. 

C. C. Brother Master-at-Arms, you will see that the Herald 
and Grand Master-at-Arms are admitted. 

[The Master-at-Arms retires, chains are dropped, door unfastened, and he 
returns, followed by the Herald and Grand Master-at-Arms, who file across 
the room in the rear of the Altar, and, when opposite it, halt and face the Chan- 
cellor Commander, where they remain standing. Chancellor Commander, 
sitting, then addresses the Grand Master-at-Arms:] 

C. C. Brother Grand Master-at-Arms, where from, and your 
course of journey ? 

G. M. at A. From the North, and to the South. 

C. C. From the North, and why to the South ? 

G. M. at A. As barbarism poured out from the North, obliter- 
ating in its current all civilization, humanity, benevolence, and 
brotherly feeling, so like it I journey from the North to the 
South, sowing the seed of chivalry, that the fated influence of 
barbarism may be overcome by the virtues and martial merits 
of our Order. 

C. C. Your presence, intent, and mission here, under a chal- 
lenge ? 

G. M. at A. I come under command of the Grand Chancellor, 
who, with the Grand Officers of the Grand Lodge of the Grand 

Jurisdiction, Knights of Pythias of , are in waiting, 

to dedicate this Castle Hall to Pythian uses. Is it your desire 
and pleasure that they be admitted and proceed ? 

C. C. It is. 

G. M. at A. Then I will retire and so inform them. 

[Grand Master-at-Arms, Herald, and Master-at-Arms of the Lodge retire ; 



312 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

the Grand Master-at Arms and Herald go out, and the Master-at-Arms of the 
Lodge closes the outer door, and hangs up chains, etc., etc., and then returns 
to the Hall. The Dedicating Officers now approach the outer door, when 
the Herald challenges, or sounds on his bugle, THREE distinct times, making 
a clear pause between each call. The Outer Guard then reports through the 
wicket of the inside door, in a loud voice :] 

O. G. Brother Inner Guard, a triple challenge at the outer 
portal. 

/. G. Chancellor Commander, a triple challenge at the outer 
portal. 

C. C. Brother Master-at-Arms, a triple challenge indicates 
the approach of high authority in the Order ; hence you will 
retire and ascertain if our apprehensions are correct, or if used 
for some other and unlawful purpose. 

[Master-at-Arms retires, and after ascertaining the cause of the challenge 
returns and says :] 

M. at A. Chancellor Commander, the triple challenge is made 
by a Herald, accompanied by the Grand Officers of the Grand 

Lodge, Knights of Pythias of the Grand Jurisdiction of , 

whose presence is caused by their mission to dedicate, in full 
and Knightly form, this Castle Hall to Pythian uses. 

C. C. You will retire, and under my command see that they 
are admitted. 

[Master-at-Arms retires, chains are unloosed and dropped, etc., etc., the 
Grand Officers enter, organ playing, the Chancellor Commander calls up the 
Lodge, and the Grand Honors are given, the following order to be observed: 

Herald With Bugle. 

Grand Prelate Carrying Bible. 

Grand Chancellor With Lodge Request. 

Grand Vice Chancellor With Skull. 

Grand Master of Exchequer With Sword. 

Grand Keeper of R. and S With Sword. 

Grand Master-at-Arms With Myrtle. 

Grand Inner Guard , With Lighted Censer. 

Grand Outer Guard With Lighted Censer. 

They file across the room in rear of the Altar, and face the Chancellor 
Commander's station, when the Grand Chancellor says :] 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 313 

G. C. Chancellor Commander, in accordance with the re- 
quest of Lodge, No , Knights of Pythias of the 

Grand Jurisdiction of , under its seal {holds up and 

displays paper), we are here in our official capacity to dedicate 
this Castle Hall in Knightly Form to Pythian uses. Prior to 
so doing, I will -ask, have all the laws of the Supreme Lodge, 

and the Grand Lodge of the Grand Jurisdiction of , 

and the usages of the Order, been strictly complied with ? 

C. C. They have. 

G. C. Chancellor Commander, does fealty and intent to con- 
form in all particulars to everything pertaining to the Order of 
Knights of Pythias, under the laws of the Supreme Lodge of the 
World, and the Grand Lodge of this Grand Jurisdiction, govern 
and control this Lodge ? 

C. C. It does. 

G. C. Then we can safely proceed, and I will thank you, 
Chancellor Commander, to order your Officers to vacate their 
chairs, to be filled by the Grand Officers during the Ceremonies 
of dedication. 

C. C. The Officers of Lodge, No , will vacate 

their chairs, to be filled by the Dedicating Officers ; and to you, 
Grand Chancellor, I deliver the Lodge and this insignia of my 
authority. 

[The Grand Chancellor, escorted by the Master-at-Arms of the Lodge, now 
approaches the Chancellor Commander's station, ascends the same, and re- 
ceives the gavel, when he says :] 

G. C. The Grand Prelate will now display upon the Altar of 
this Lodge " The Book of Law." 

[The Grand Prelate opens "The Book of Law," and places it on the 
Altar.] 

" The Swords of Defence " will now be placed thereon. 

[They are crossed upon " The Book of Law," by the Grand Master of 
Exchequer and Grand Keeper of Records and Seal.] 

The "Emblem of Mortality" will be placed thereon. 

[The Grand Vice Chancellor places the Skull thereon.] 
27 



314 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

The Censers and Myrtle will be delivered at the Chancellor 
Commander's station. 

[The Grand Master-at-Arms, Grand Inner Guard, and Grand Outer Guard 
perform that duty.] 

The Grand Officers will now assume their proper chairs and 
positions. 

[All the Grand Officers go to their proper stations, except the Grand Prel- 
ate, who remains standing at the Altar, facing the Grand Chancellor; all 
which being done, the Grand Chancellor seats the whole audience by three 
raps of the gavel; after which the Grand Chancellor, rising, says :] 

G. C. Knights, Esquires, Pages, and Friends: We have 
assembled to perform a duty which we hope will be to you both 
pleasant and instructive. It is to dedicate this Castle Hall, 
which, through the blessings of a kind Providence, we have 
been enabled to secure ; and around which we feel our beautiful 
Ritual will throw its endearing influences, and make it a Home 
not only in name, but in reality. Our first duty in this, as in 
all important undertakings, is to ask the blessings of the Creator. 
The Grand Prelate will lead in prayer. 

[Two raps — all rise.] 

PRAYER. 

G. P. Our Heavenly Father, grant, we pray Thee, Thy bless- 
ing upon this household of brethren, engaged in this battle upon 
the side of the widow and orphan. Give unto them power to 
continue in the blessed work of ameliorating the condition of 
mankind. Put upon them Thy whole armor, that they may be 
able to withstand in the evil day. Let each Knight be girt with 
the Breastplate of Righteousness. Let the Shield of Faith be 
placed in his hands. And, O Lord, may each one take upon 
himself the Helmet of Salvation and the Sword of the Spirit, 
which is the Word of God. Bless, we pray Thee, the wives and 
little ones, the widows and orphans, both present and absent, of 
the Brethren of this Chivalric Fraternity. And, O God, we 
would especially ask Thee to protect this beautiful building from 
the natural and artificial dangers which surround it. Permit us 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 315 

to assemble here, and to transmit it to our children, and to our 
children's children. Bless the thousands of Knights who rally 
around our standard, and multiply and increase our membership. 
Hear us, we beseech Thee, for Thy sake. Amen. 

[The Dedication Ode, or other appropriate selection, will now be sung.] 

DEDICATION ODE. 

Come, Brothers, friends, in Friendship's name, 
Who with one heart and hope and aim, 

Respond to duty's call : 
Come, let us round our altar throng ! 
Our hearts with holy courage strong, 
To join in one united song, 
• To dedicate this hall. 

Here Friendship shall our hearts unite, 
To keep our mystic banner bright, 

As on our columns go ; 
No coward fear shall us divide, 
Whatever fortune may betide, 
But, like brave Knights, we will outride, 

Our most determined foe. 

And should our single courage fail, 
And some brave heart begin to quail 

When standing all alone, — 
Here let it be our common aim, 

In F , C , B 's name, 

To fan the faint, expiring flame, 

Which once more brightly shone. 

, [Three raps — all seated.] 

G. C. Grand Vice Chancellor, what does the Skull upon the 
Altar suggest ? 

[The Grand Prelate takes up, and slowly carries the Skull to the station 
of the Grand Vice Chancellor.] 

G. V . C. (receiving the Skull from the Grand Prelate, and 
holding it in his hands, says :) It suggests that we are passing away. 
That the brethren and friends assembled here to-day, and the 



316 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

Castle Hall which we are engaged in dedicating to Friendship, 
Charity, and Benevolence, will, sooner or later, rot, crumble, 
and decay ; but that the principles we teach will live forever. 

[All respond:] 

May they live forever. 

G. C. Grand Master-at-Arms, what do the Swords upon the 
Bible suggest? 

G. M. at A. (approaching the Altar, takes Swords, and holding 
them Up, says : ) They remind us that, as faithful followers of Pythias, 
we should defend the principles of Knighthood unto death — 
which are to protect the weak, defend the right, alleviate the suf- 
ferings of a brother, bury the dead, care for the widow, edu- 
cate the orphan — to practise those ennobling virtues, Friendship, 
Charity, and Benevolence. 

[Grand Master-at-Arms carries Swords to his station.] 

G. C. My Brethren, a chapter of the Word of God will now 
be read by the Grand Prelate. 

[Two raps — all rise.] 

[The Grand Prelate returns to the Altar, and reads an appropriate chapter 
from the Book of Law, or Holy Bible ; after which three raps are given, 
and all are seated.] 

G. C. My Brethren, I hold in my hand a Sprig of Myrtle. 
What is it emblematical of? 

[All respond :] 

Friendship ! 

G. P. (facing the Altar, and reading slowly and distinctly, 
says :) Then, in the name of God, and the sacred name of 
Friendship, we dedicate this Castle Hall for the practise of vir- 
tues which ennoble man, rescue him from vice and immorality, 
make him a kind and indulgent father, a loving husband, a faith- 
ful friend, a good companion, and an exemplary Brother. 

[Two raps by the Grand Chancellor — all rise, and sing.] 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 317 

OPENING ODE. 
Tune. — America. 

Great God, to Thee we raise 
Our hopeful song of praise : 

Grant us Thy love. 
Let us in friendship be, 
Let us harmonious see 
Our Order extended be, 
All nations o'er. 

Let brothers hand in hand, 
True to each other stand 

Throughout all time ; 
And when life's labor's o'er, 
And we leave time's earthly shore, 
May we meet to part no more, 

In heav'n above. 

G. C. Grand Master-at-Arms, place " The Swords of De- 
fence v upon "The Book of Law." 

Place upon " The Swords of Defence " the " Emblem of 
Mortality." ' 

Upon the "Emblem of Mortality" place the sacred "Em- 
blem of Friendship." 

[Which being done, the Grand Chancellor continues,] 

And now, in memory of Damon and Pythias, I declare this 
Castle Hall dedicated to Friendship, Charity, and Benevolence. 

Grand Master-at-Arms, make the proclamation. 

G. M. at A. By direction of the Grand Chancellor, and in mem- 
ory of Damon and Pythias, I, as Grand Master-at-Arms of the 

Grand Lodge of , do hereby proclaim, declare, and 

make known to all, that this Castle Hall is dedicated to Friend- 
ship, Charity, and Benevolence, legally and in true Knightly 
and Chivalric form. Therefore, bear me witness that this duty 
being done, all other Knightly works are at rest. 

[The Oration and other Exercises then follow.] 
27* 



3 1 8 THE KNIGHTS OF P YTHTAS 

Organization of the Supreme Lodge, Knights of Pythias. 

Delegates in Attendance at the Convention who Organized the Supreme Lodge, 
at Washington, D. C, August u, 1868. 

FROM GRAND LODGE OF DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. 

J. H. Rathbone. C. M. Barton. 

Edward Dunn. Daniel Carrigan. 

Wm. P. Westwood. J. S. Martin. 

Harry Kronheimer. C. W. Okey. 

Francis Wood. Richard Lawson. 

Hugh G. Divine. J. R. N. Curtin. 

FROM GRAND LODGE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 

Wm. Blancbois. Wilbur H. Myers. 

Frederick Coppes. Geo. W. Crouch. 

J. H. Rheem. Wm. T. Rose. 

J. L. Atkinson. Joseph L. Nichols. 

Edwin T. Martin. Wm. A. Porter. 

R. H. Graham. S. S. Child. 



FROM GRAND LODGE OF NEW JERSEY. 

Samuel Read. Wm. B. French. 

Frederick L. Cobb. D. J. Pierman. 

FROM GRAND LODGE OF MARYLAND. 

C. F. Abbott. Francis Turner. 

N. M. Bowen. John A. Reid. 

John Burns. Wm. Baxter. 

FROM GRAND LODGE OF DELAWARE. 

James P. Hayes. James L. Smith. 

H. S. Truitt. E. L. Seeley. 

S. Shepheard. Chas. C. King. 






COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 319 

Officers and Representatives of the Supreme Lodge, 
Knights of Pythias, from the First Annual Session 
to 1884, inclusive. 

FOUNDER AND FIRST SUPREME CHANCELLOR. 

NAME. RESIDENCE. DATE OF ELECTION. 

JUSTUS H. RATHBONE... District of Columbia August 11, 1868. 

SUPREME CHANCELLORS. 

Samuel Read New Jersey August II, 1868. 

Samuel Read New Jersey March 9, 1870. 

Henry Clay Berry Illinois April 19, 1872. 

S. S.Davis New Hampshire April 23, 1874. 

S. S.Davis. New Hampshire August 23, 1876. 

David B. Woodruff Georgia August 29, 1878. 

George W. Lindsay Maryland August 26, 1880. 

John P. Linton Pennsylvania August 24, 1882. 

Jno. Van Valkenburg Iowa April 23, 1884. 

SUPREME VICE CHANCELLORS. 

James P.Hayes Delaware August II, 1868. 

C. L. Russell Ohio March 9, 1870. 

S. S. Davis New Hampshire April 19, 1872. 

David B. Woodruff. Georgia April 23, 1874. 

David B.Woodruff. Georgia August 23, 1876. 

George W. Lindsay Maryland August 29, 1878. 

John P. Linton Pennsylvania August 26, 1880. 

Jno. Van Valkenburg Iowa August 24, 1882. 

Howard Douglass Ohio April 23, 1884. 

SUPREME VENERABLE PATRIARCHS. 

Wilbur H. Myers Pennsylvania August 11, 1868. 

Samuel Read New Jersey April 20, 1872. 

SUPREME PRELATES. 

Oliver Woodhouse Connecticut April 25, 1874. 

Charles D. Lucas Missouri August 23, 1876. 

Wm. Bryce Thompson Tennessee August 29, 1878. 

Wm. Bryce Thompson Tennessee August 26, 1880. 

L. B. Allen Virginia August 24, 1882. 

John S. King Ontario April 23, 1884. 



320 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

SUPREME BANKERS. 

NAME. RESIDENCE. DATE OF ELECTION. 

William A.Porter Pennsylvania..... August II, 1868. 

William A. Porter Pennsylvania March 9, 1870. 

William A.Porter Pennsylvania April 19, 1872. 

SUPREME MASTERS OF EXCHEQUER. 

John B. Stumph Indiana April 23, 1874, 

John B. Stumph Indiana August 23, 1876, 

John B. Stumph Indiana.., August 29, 1878 

John B. Stumph Indiana August 26, 1880, 

John B. Stumph Indiana August 24, 1882 

S. J. Willey Delaware April 23, 1884 

SUPREME RECORDING AND CORRESPONDING SCRIBES. 

Clarence M. Barton District of Columbia August II, 1868. 

Clarence M. Barton District of Columbia March 9, 1870. 

Clarence M. Barton District of Columbia April 19, 1872. 

Charles P. Czrty, pro tern .Indiana April 15, 1873. 

William J. \^oxig,pro tern Michigan Feb'y 4, 1874. 

SUPREME KEEPERS OF RECORDS AND SEAL. 

Joseph Dowdall Ohio April 23, 1874 

Joseph Dowdall Ohio August 23, 1876 

Joseph Dowdall Ohio August 29, 1878 

Joseph Dowdall Ohio August 26, 1880 

John J. Ward Maryland August 24, 1882 

R. E. Cowan Missouri April 23, 1884 

SUPREME GUIDES. 

C. F. Abbott Maryland August II, 1868. 

John F. Comstock Connecticut March 9, 1870. 

William B. Kennedy Ohio April 19, 1872. 

SUPREME MASTERS-AT-ARMS. 

Hugh Latham Virginia April 23, 1874, 

A. Ewing Texas August 23, 1876 

Robinson Williams .Maine August 29, 1878 

J. Rufus Smith West Virginia August 26, 1880 

George B. Shaw Wisconsin August 24, 1882 

George B. Shaw Wisconsin April 23, 1884 

SUPREME INNER STEWARDS. 

Harry Kronheimer District of Columbia August 11, 1868, 

H.C. Lloyd Kentucky March 9, 1870. 

Joseph D. Weeks Iowa April 19, 1872. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 32 1 

SUPREME INNER GUARDS. 

NAME. RESIDENCE. DATE OF ELECTION 

Charles R. Hodgson West Virginia April 23, 1874 

William H. Moyston Tennessee August 23, 1874 

C. L. Russell, pro tern Ohio August 14, 1877 

A. B. Stevens, pro tern Massachusetts August 26, 1878 

Thomas M. Fisher Colorado August 29, 1878 

George B.Shaw Wisconsin August 26, 1880, 

G. G.Manlove Mississippi August 24, 1882 

C. F. Bragg Maine April 23, 18 

SUPREME OUTER STEWARDS. 

Frederick Coppes Pennsylvania August II, 1868. 

George H. Crager Nebraska March 9, 1870. 

Edward Y)\xnxi, pro tern District of Columbia April 18, 1871. 

Charles H.Hodgson West Virginia April 19, 1872. 

SUPREME OUTER GUARDS. 

William H. Moyston Tennessee April 23, 1874 

John W. Thompson District of Columbia August 23, 1876 

John W. Thompson District of Columbia August 29, 1878*. 

John W. Thompson District of Columbia August 26, 1880 

John W. Thompson District of Columbia August 24, 1882 

John W. Thompson District of Columbia April 23, 1884 

SUPREME REPRESENTATIVES. 

NAME. JURISDICTION REPRESENTED. SESSIONS. 

Alexander, J. P Texas 1882, 84 

Allen, F. R Missouri 1878 

Allen, L.B Virginia 1880, 82 

Allison, Alexander Tennessee 1876 

Althoff, Aug Iowa 1875, 6 

Ames, A. A Minnesota 1878, 80 

Atkinson, Jr., H. A Virginia 1882, 84 

Aubin, Albert L Missouri 1876 

Aunspaugh, R. P Texas 1880 

Badgley, Moses F New Jersey 1876,7 

Barney, J. H Rhode Island 1872 

Bartlett, Edward L Kansas 1875, 6 > 7 

Bass,Lucien L Virginia 1875, 6, 8 

Bates, W. R Michigan 1874, 6, 7 

Baxter, William Maryland 1869 

Beard, J. C Louisiana 1880, 82 

Beel c.John W Pennsylvania 1875, 6, 7 

V 



322 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

SUPREME REPRESENTATIVES— ( Continued). 

NAME. JURISDICTION REPRHSENTED. SESSIONS. 

Benton, Thomas Louisiana 1884 

Berry, H. C Illinois 1870, I, 2 

Berry, William Connecticut 1876, 7 

Beshoar, M Colorado 1 880 

Betton, Frank H Kansas 1878 

Birch, G. B Missouri 1872 

Blackburn, D. M Pennsylvania 1875 

Blackmer, E. T California 1882, 84 

Blackwell, W. W Kentucky 1882, 84 

Blancbois, William Pennsylvania 1869, 72, 3, 4 

Blocher, 0. H North Carolina 1873, 4 

Bohannon, D. W Virginia 1871, 2 

Bonitz, Julius A North Carolina 1884 

Booth, A. G California 1875 

Booth, A. R Louisiana 1880, 82, 84 

Bourne, W. H Georgia : 1872, 3 

Bowns, E. E Connecticut 1871, 2 

Boyce, Owen Mississippi 1884 

Bragg, C. F Maine 1878, 8, 80, 82, 84 

Brayton, James B Rhode Island 1876, 7, 8, 80, 82, 84 

Brown, C. H Georgia 1875, 6 

Brown, J. B Mississippi! 1875, 6, 7 

Brown, John L Indiana 1870 

Brunner, T. C Nebraska 1871 

Buchanan, Daniel E Oregon 1884 

Buist, J. S South Carolina 1872 

Burns, John Maryland 1869 

Butler, W. R Tennessee 1872 

Cain, John S Mississippi 1875, 6, 7 

Calvert, Fred. G District of Columbia 1871 

Canfield, E. W West Virginia 1877, 8 

Caniff, H. J Kansas 1873, 4 

Cameron, John Iowa 1877, 8 

Camahan, Jas. R Indiana 1882, 84 

Carrington, Wm. C Virginia 1874, 5 

Carroll, Michael Louisiana 1 872 

Carter, J. W Nebraska 1875 

Carty, C. P Indiana 1870, I, 2 

Cashman, D. A Illinois 1870, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 

Chase, F. A Massachusetts 1880, 82 

Child, S. S Pennsylvania 1870 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 323 

SUPREME REPRESENTATIVES— {Continued). 

NAME. JURISDICTION REPRESENTED. SESSIONS. 

Clark, Henry Oregon 1882 

Claytur, S. C New Hampshire 1873 

Cobb, F. L New Jersey 1871 

Cochran, J. Wilson New Jersey 1874, 5 

Coe, L. W Wisconsin 1874, 7, 8, 80, 82 

Cohen, Albert Arkansas 1882 

Coldwell, J. T District of Columbia 1876, 7 

Cole, J. W New York 1871 

Cole, Otis New York 1873 

Comstock, J. F Connecticut 1869, 70, 5 

Corput, Feliz Georgia 1877, 8, 80, 84 

Cotter, W. A Kentucky 1875, 6, 8 

Cowan, R. E Missouri 1880, 82, 84 

Cozzens, Smith D Pennsylvania 1882, 84 

Crager, Geo. H Nebraska 1870, I 

Crouch, Geo. W Pennsylvania 1870, I 

Curme, A. A ; Indiana 1884 

Curry, A. B Minnesota 1876 

Curtin, J. R. N District of Columbia 1869, 70 

Curtis, Ed. D Oregon 1884 

Curtis, T. L Minnesota 1872, 4 

Daneker, Edwin T Maryland 1878, 80, 82, 84 

Dann, F. P California 1876, 7, 8 

Davenport, W. H Nevada 1882, 84 

Davis, S. S New Hampshire 1871, 2 

Dawson, E. W Connecticut 1869 

Deering, T. W Kansas 1874, 5 

Dickey, A Indiana 1880 

Divine, Hugh G District of Columbia 1870, 2, 3, 4, 5 

Dodge, A. V Iowa 1880 

Douglass, Howard Ohio 1871, 82, 84 

Driscol, J. F Rhode Island 1871, 3, 4 

Dudley, J. G District of Columbia 1869, 70 

Dudley, Jno. L North Carolina 1882,84 

Dunn, Edward District of Columbia 1869, 70, I 

Eastburn, T. L Alabama 1873 

Easton, Wm. F Rhode Island 1874, 5 

Elser, Max Texas 1884 

Epex, Thomas Arkansas 1 884 

Ernst, M.,E. L Alabama 1875 

Ewing, A Texas 1874, 5, 6 



324 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

SUPREME REPRESENTATIVES— ( Continued ) . 

NAME. JURISDICTION REPRESENTED. SESSIONS. 

Farrington, Jas. S Massachusetts 1873, 4, 5 

Fewlass, George Kentucky 1872 

Firestone, Leander Ohio 1875, 6 > 7> 8 

Fisher, T. M Wyoming. 1876, 7, 8 

Foxwell, G. J. L District of Columbia... 1875, 6 > 7> 8 , 80, 82, 84 

Frazier, H. M Kansas 1882, 84 

French, E. E Nebraska 1872, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8 

French, W. B New Jersey 1869, 70, I, 2, 3 

Gale, W. Boynton Massachusetts 1877, 8, 80, 84 

Gardner, Jr., A Michigan 1873 

Gardner, C. T Rhode Island 1871, 2 

Gardner, S. M Connecticut. .1874, 5 

Gerhardt, Wm West Virginia 1870, I 

Gerken, W. H North Carolina 1875, 6 

Gilson, George Kansas 1875 

Gillum, W. H Indiana 1882, 84 

Goddard, S. H Nevada 1876, 7 

Good, S. M Iowa 1872 

Goodrich, W. J Georgia 187 1 

Goss, John Q Nebraska 1870, 1 

Graham, R. H Pennsylvania 1869, 70 

Gray, Geo. W. W Massachusetts 1870, I 

Grayson, J. B Alabama 1882 

Green, John W Iowa 1882, 84 

Greenman, H. D Wisconsin 1873 

Griffith, Geo. W Kentucky 1871,6, 7 

Gunning, Amos J District of Columbia 1878, 80 

Guthrie, W. A North Carolina 1872, 80 

Gyselaar, J. H California 1882, 84 

Haines, E. T Ohio 1874, 5 

Haines, W. B Massachusetts 1870 

Hall, W. H Virginia 1878 

Halsey, L. W Wisconsin 1876, 7 

Hanes, T. J Mississippi 1880 

Hartman, H. G. C Virginia 1869 

Harvey, E. W. B Minnesota 1882, 4 

Hastings, A. J Massachusetts 1876 

Hawkes, George Pennsylvania 1878, 80, 82, 84 

Hayes, James P Delaware 1872, 4 

Hayward, W. A New York 1869, 1871 

Hazelton, W. H Indiana 1872, 3 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 325 

SUPREME REPRESENTATI VES— ( Continued) . 

NAME. JURISDICTION REPRESENTED. SESSIONS. 

Heisler, C. W New Jersey 1869 

Heisser, J. H Minnesota 1876 

Henshall, J. A Wisconsin 1871, 2, 3, 4, 6 

Herdman, G. W Illinois 1882, 84 

Heritage, J. D New Jersey 1875, 6 

Heser, F Kentucky 1874 

Hirst, Edwin Delaware 1869 

Hodgson, Chas. H West Virginia. 1871, 2 

Hogan, E. L Louisiana 1872 

Howard, D. E New Hampshire 1874, 5, 6, 7 

Howard, Hiram L Rhode Island 1875, 6 

Hubert, N. M Massachusetts 1872 

Hurlburt, A. H Connecticut 1878,80 

Ingersoll, R. H Maine , 1873 

limes, R. B Ohio 1872, 3 

Irwin, James New York 1872, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 80, 82 

Jamison, J. W Iowa 1873, 4 

Jarvis, W. H > Alabama 1873 

Jefferis, W. J Delaware 1880, 82 

Jenkins, Maner West Virginia 1876, 7, 82, 84 

Jones, Alf. D Nebraska 1871 

Jones, Harvey C Indiana 187 1 

Joslin, T. Brooke.. New Jersey 1870, 1 

Kennedy, W. B Ohio 1870, I, 2, 8,80 

Kennedy, W. D Ontario 1872, 3, 4 

Kester, John W Illinois 1871 

King, C. C Delaware 1869, 70, 1,8 

King, John H District of Columbia 1869 

King, John S Ontario 1877, 8, 82, 84 

Kronheimer, H District of Columbia 1873, 4 

Kuhn, M. E Ohio 1882, 84 

Kutchin, H. M Wisconsin 1882, 84 

La Follette, D. W Indiana 1878, 80 

Laidlaw, James Kansas 1878 

Lacy, John A Missouri 1882, 84 

Lang, Chas. M New Hampshire 1882, 84 

La Rose, W. L California 1873 

Latham, Hugh Virginia I 87o, 3 

Laughton, C. E Nevada 1876 

Laughton, F. M Maine 1873, 4, 5 

Lawson, Richard District of Columbia 1869 

28 



326 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

SUPREME REPRESENTATIVES— {Continued). 

NAME. JURISDICTION REPRESENTED. SESSIONS. 

Lee, Chas. A Rhode Island 1877, 8, 80, 82, 84 

Lee, Wm. H Massachusetts 1882, 84 

Leech, Erie J Iowa 1874 

Leete, John R Connecticut 1869 

Lemmermann, Henry New York 1884 

Levy, A. G New York 1869, 71 

Lewis, J. Frank Maryland 1872, 3, 4 

Libbey, J. T. S New Hampshire 1871, 3, 4, 5, 6 

Lindenberg, Henry Ohio 1870, 1, 3, 4 

Lindsay, Geo. W Maryland 1875, 6 > 7» 8 

Linton, John P Pennsylvania 1870, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 80 

Little, C. D Michigan 1878, 80 

Lloyd, H. C Kentucky 1870, 80 

London, Alex. T North Carolina 1872, 3 

Long, H. W New Jersey 1884 

Long, W. J Michigan 1873, 4 

Lord, John Georgia 1876, 7 

Lowe, S. A Missouri 1877, 8 

Lowry, Jr., Philip Pennsylvania 1869, 70, I 

Lucas, Charles D Missouri 1874, 5, 6 

Ludwig, B. F Alabama 1875, 6, 7, 82, 84 

Lyon, D. J Illinois 1876, 7, 8, 80 

Lyon, J. H Kansas 1882 

Mack, Chas. A Michigan 1884 

Manlove, G. G Mississippi 1880, 82, 84 

Maroney, Chas. P Delaware 1884 

Martin, E. T Pennsylvania 1869 

Martin, Jos. S District of Columbia 1872 

Marshall, W. S Colorado 1877, 8 

Mavity, J. W Kentucky 1877, 8 

Maxwell, F. G Maryland 1880, 82, 84 

McBryde, Wade A Alabama.... 1877, 8, 1884 

McHatton, Chas. K Colorado 1884 

McKinley, Frank New Hampshire 1884 

McLean, Wm. C Mississippi 1882, 84 

McMullen, J. J Delaware 1872, 3, 5, 6 

McWhirr, Robert Connecticut 1882, 84 

Mead, Wm. C California 1870, I 

Meech, Jno. H New York, 1876, 7 

Merrill, Samuel North Carolina 1875, 6 

Meyer, Aug Nebraska 1880 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT- BOOK $2? 

SUPREME REPRESENTATIVES— ( Continued). 

NAME. JURISDICTION REPRESENTED. SESSIONS. 

Miller, H. D Massachusetts 1870, I 

Milliken, J. W Maine 1876 

Mills, S. Sands Maryland 1876, 7 

Mitchell, Geo. PI Ontario 1875, 6 > 7> 8 > 82 > 8 4 

Monell, Jr., John J Nebraska 1876, 7, 8, 80, 82, 84 

Moore, W. E New Hampshire 1880 

Morrison, G. H Nevada 1882, 84 

Morrison, H. H Indiana 1875, 6 

Morrow, J. M Wisconsin.., 1884 

Morten, H. T Kentucky 1870 

Moyston, W. H Tennessee i%73, 4 

Mulcahy, P. H Nevada 1878, 80 

Nelson, Plalvor District of Columbia... 1882, 4 

Newell, Bob Arkansas 1882, 84 

Newlin, J. W New Jersey 1870 

Nichols, Jos. L Pennsylvania .1869 

Nott, John C New York 1882, 84 

O'Daniel, J. P Virginia 1869, 70 

Owen, B. H... Tennessee 1878, 80, 82, 84 

Oyler, Samuel P ...Indiana 1874, 5, 6, 7. 

Palmer, PI. L Wisconsin = 1872 

Pappe, Julius Iowa 1884 

Parker, J. M. G Louisiana 1871 

Peabody, H. C Maine 1880, 82, 84 

Penniman, Thos California 1872, 6 

Perkins, M. A New Hampshire 1871, 2 

person, James H New Jersey 1872, 3, 4 

Plunkett, J. D Connecticut 1872, 3 

Pope, Frank A Colorado 1876 

Price, John M Kansas 1880 

Race, E. C Illinois 1880, 82-84 

Rammers, Adolph Kentucky 1872, 3 

Rathbone, J. H District of Columbia 1869 

Reed, John A., Maryland 1870 

Renner, F Nebraska , 1876 

Rice, E. B Delaware 1874, 5, 6, 7 

Rice, H. W Illinois 1874, 5 

Richards, R. R Georgia 1878,80,82,84 

Richmond, John : Ontario 1872 

Robertson, W. P Tennessee 1877 

Rockwell, Jos. E Virginia , 1877 

Rogers, M. R Georgia 1875, 82 



328 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

SUPREME REPRESENTATIVES— ( Continued). 

NAME. JURISDICTION REPRESENTED. SESSIONS. 

Rollins, F. E New Hampshire 1880,82 

Root, J. W New York 1872, 3, 4, 5 

Russell, C. L ...Ohio 1870 

Russell, W. H. H Missouri 1872, 3, 4 

Sample, Thomas G Pennsylvania 1882, 84 

Sanford, H. S Michigan 1878, 8, 80, 82 

Sarles, J. B Kentucky 1875 

Sauer, H. C. A New York 1878,80 

Scott, E. Walter Pennsylvania 1878 

Seavey, Jas. F.„ New Hampshire 1877,8 

Seeley, E. L Delaware 1869 

Shaw, Geo. B Wisconsin 1878, 80 

Shepheard, S Delaware 1869, 70 

Shropshire, J. S Nebraska 1882, 84 

Siebke, Chris West Virginia 1873,4 

Simpson, Geo. L , Virginia 1876, 7 

Smith, John F West Virginia ,.1872, 3, 80, 82 

Smith, J. Rufus West Virginia 1875, 6, 8, 80 

Smoot, C. W. West Virginia 1874, 5 

Smyth, A. T South Carolina 1872 

Snyder, L. C Colorado 1880, 82, 84 

Spalding, J. F Missouri 1880 

Spear, R. L Massachusetts 1871,4, 5 

Starkweather, C. H Nevada 1878 

Steiner, J. A Maryland 187 1 

Stevens, Alonzo B Massachusetts 1876, 7, 8 

Stevenson, G Nebraska 1873 

Stone, Alex. J Minnesota , 1877 

Story, Albert, New Hampshire 1878 

Stotzer, John Pennsylvania 1875, 6, 7 

Stout, James H West Virginia 1884 

Stratman, John , California 1871 

Stumpfel, Gustavus F New Jersey 1877, 8 

Stumph, John B ...Indiana 1872, 3, 4 

SutorJ. Hope West Virginia 1870, I 

Sweezey, James A Michigan ...., 1882, 84 

Swygard, J. P Missouri 1877 

Taylor, Geo. F Alabama 1878, 80 

Terrell, C. A... Alabama ; 1880 

Thompson, Jr., John A Maryland 1869 

Thompson, J. L Delaware 1869, 70, I 

Thompson, W. B Tennessee 1872,3, 4, 6, 7, 8 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 329 

SUPREME REPRESENTATIVES— ( Continued). 

NAME. JURISDICTION REPRESENTED. SESSIONS. 

Tilton, H. R Rhode Island 1873 

Tindle, W. H Maryland 1871 

Troy, W. C North Carolina 1882 

Trump, John Kansas 1876, 7 

Tuley, C. P Indiana 1877,8 

Turner, F Maryland 1869, 70 

Turner, Jr., D. J Virginia 1880,84 

Turner, W. H Georgia 1874 

Tyler, H. A Connecticut 1871, 6 

Tyson, W. J Virginia 187 1 

Ulrich,A. C Ohio 1876, 7 

Ussher, B. B Illinois 1873 

Van Valkenburg, John Iowa 1876, 7, 8, 80, 82 

Verdenal, J. H California 1872 

Wade, W. H Virginia 1871, 2, 3, 4 

Walker, John S Minnesota 1872,4 

Ward, Wm New Jersey 1878, 80, 82, 84 

Weeks, J. D Iowa 1872, 5 

Wellenvoss, H Kentucky 1880, 82, 84 

Welton, N. B Connecticut 187 1 

West, John T Minnesota 1880 

Westwood, W. P District of Columbia 1869 

Whalen, Jerry California 187 1 

Wheeler, J. W Kansas 1880 

White, R. L. C Tennessee 1880, 82-84 

Whitehouse, James Maryland 1872, 3, 4, 5 

Whitman, O Minnesota 1882,84 

Wilkins, John D Alabama 1876 

Willett, Samuel J Illinois -...1878 

Willey, S. J Delaware 1873,7,8, 80, 82,84 

Williams, R Maine 1874, 5, 6, 7, 8 

Williams, W. H Connecticut 1880, 82,84 

Wood, Francis District of Columbia 1872 

Woodhouse, Oliver Connecticut 1873, 4, 7, 8 

Woodruff, D. B Georgia 1871, 2, 3, 4 

Worrell, T. B...., Pennsylvania 1 869 

Wright, John Delaware 1869 

Wright, John W Texas 1880 

Wright, S. P Texas 1874 

Young, E. R Massachusetts 1872, 3 

Young, Stephen D New Jersey 1880 

28* 



33° 



THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 



Supreme Lodge Sessions. 



PLACES WHERE HELD. 



Provisional Convention Philadelphia, Pa May- 
Organization Washington, D. C August 

Adjourned Session Washington, D. C Nov. 

First Session : Richmond, Va March 

Second Session New York City March 

Third Session Philadelphia, Pa April 

Fourth Session Baltimore, Md April 

Fifth Session Richmond, Va April 

Sixth Session Pittsburgh, Pa.... April 

Seventh Session Washington, D. C May 

Eighth Session Philadelphia, Pa August 

Ninth Session Cleveland, Ohio August 

Tenth Session Indianapolis, Ind August 

Eleventh Session St. Louis, Mo August 

Twelfth Session Detroit, Mich August 



MEETING. 
15, 1868 
II, 1868 
1868 
I869 
I87O 
1871 
1872 
1873 
1874 
1875 
I876 
14, I877 
26, I878 
24, I88O 
22, 1882 



9> 

9> 

8, 
18, 
16, 



22, 



Supreme Representatives for 1884. 

ALABAMA. 
B. F. Ludwig, Huntsville. 
W. A. McBryde, Montgomery. 

ARKANSAS. 
Bob. Newell, Little Rock. 
Thomas Essex, Little Rock. 

CALIFORNIA. 



Eli T. Blackmer, National City. 
John H. Gyselaar, San Francisco. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. 

Halvor Nelson, Washington City. 
G. J. L. Foxwell, Washington City. 

COLORADO. 
L. C. Snyder, Black Hawk. 
Charles K. McHatton, Denver. 

CONNECTICUT. 
Robert McWhirr, Norwich. 
W. H. Williams, Seymour. 



DELAWARE. 
S. J. Willey, Wilmington. 
Charles P. Maroney, Wilmington. 

GEORGIA. 

Felix Corput, Macon. 

R. R. Richards, Savannah. 



ILLINOIS. 
George W. Herdman, Jerseyville. 
E. C. Race, Chicago. 

INDIANA. 
James R. Carnahan, Indianapolis. 
A. A. Curme, Richmond. 

IOWA. 
John W. Green, Davenport. 
Julius Pappe, Marshalltown. 

KANSAS. 
H. M. Frazier, Clay Centre. 
J. H. Lyon, Leavenworth. 






COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 



331 



KENTUCKY. 
W. W. Blackwell, Henderson. 
H. Wellenvoss, Louisville. 

LOUISIANA. 
A. R. Booth, Shreveport. ^ 
Thomas 0. Benton, Monroe. 

MINNESOTA. 
O. Whitman, Red Wing. 

E. W. B. Harvey, Minneapolis. 

MASSACHUSETTS. 
William H. Lee, Boston, City Hall. 
W. B. Gale, Boston. 

MAINE. 
Charles F. Bragg, Bangor. 
H. C. Peabody, Portland. 

MISSOURI. 
John A. Lacey, Sedalia. 
R. E. Cowan, Kansas City. 

MISSISSIPPI. 
William C. McLean, Grenada. 
Owen Boyce, Maysville. 

MARYLAND. 

F. G. Maxwell, Baltimore. 
E. T. Daneker, Baltimore. 

MICHIGAN. 
James A. Sweezey, Hastings. 
Charles A. Mack, Detroit. 

NEW YORK. 
Judge John C. Nott, Albany. 
Henry Lemmermann, New York City. 

NEVADA. 

George H. Morrison, Carson City. 
W. H. Davenport, Carson. 

NEW JERSEY. 

William Ward, Newark. 
H. W. Long, Englishtown. 

NORTH CAROLINA. 
John L. Dudley, Wilmington. 
Julius A. Bonitz, Goldsboro. 

NEW HAMPSHIRE. 
Charles M. Lang, Concord. 
Frank W. McKinley, Manchester. 



NEBRASKA. 
John J. Monell, Jr., Omaha. 
J. S. Shropshire, Omaha. 

OHIO. 
M. E. Kuhn, Cincinnati. 
Howard Douglass, Cincinnati. 

OREGON. 
Edward D. Curtis, Astoria. 
Daniel F. Buchanan, Portland. 

ONTARIO. 

Dr. John S. King, Toronto. 
George H. Mitchell, Toronto. 

PENNSYLVANIA. 

S. D. Cozens, 522 N. 21st St., Phila. 
George Hawkes, 1029 Race St., Phila. 
Thomas G. Sample, Pittsburgh. 

RHODE ISLAND. 
James B. Brayton, Newport. 
Charles A. Lee, Pawtucket. 

TENNESSEE. 

B. H. Owen, Clarksville. 
R. L. C. White, Lebanon. 

TEXAS. 
J. R. Alexander, Fort Worth. 
Max Elser, Fort Worth. 

VIRGINIA. 
H. A. Atkinson, Jr., Richmond. 
D. J. Turner, Jr., Norfolk. 

WEST VIRGINIA. 

Manor Jenkins, Piedmont. 
James H. Stout, Grafton. 

WISCONSIN. 
H. M. Kutchin, Fond du Lac. 
J. M. Morrow, Sparta. 

ARIZONA TERRITORY. 
T. A. Atchison. H. Buck. 

UTAH TERRITORY. 
G. F. Prescott. T. C. Armstrong. 

WASHINGTON TERRITORY. 
J. B. Lewis. George W. Alexander. 



332 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

Grand Chancellors and their Post-Office Address, 

1884. 

Alabama E. A. Graham Montgomery. 

Arkansas A. A. Tufts Camden. 

California Fred. W. Bell Eureka. 

Colorado Jas. A. McGee Golden. 

Connecticut S. M. Bacon Middleton. 

Delaware A. D. Sheldon Newport 

District of Columbia Jas. B. Shanks Washington. 

Georgia John G. Dixon Atlanta. 

Illinois A. J. Wemple Havana. 

Indiana E. G. Kerr Goshen. 

Iowa J. D. M. Hamilton Fort Madison. 

Kansas D. J. Holland Atchison. 

Kentucky A. J. Lovely Paris. 

Louisiana Thos. O. Benton Monroe. 

Maine M. S. Gibson Portland. 

Maryland Henry Page Princess Anne. 

Massachusetts Dana Z. Smith Salem. 

Michigan John R. Bennett Muskegon. 

Minnesota O. Whitman Red Wing. 

Mississippi Benj. V. White Meridian. 

Missouri W. A. Radcliffe Sedalia. 

Nebraska J. G. Jones Tecumseh. 

Nevada R. B. Mitchell Virginia City. 

New Hampshire A. F. Pinkham Dover. 

New Jersey C. P. Vanneman Jersey City. 

New York Jno. F. Van Nort Newburg. 

North Carolina E. G. Harrell Raleigh. 

Ohio Walter B. Ritchie Lima. 

Ontario Jesse Chapman Hamilton. 

Oregon Robert Newcomb Portland. 

Pennsylvania Austin Long Philadelphia. 

Rhode Island Fred. J. Smith Providence. 

Tennessee W. R. Carlisle Chattanooga. 

Texas 

Virginia J. H. Alexander Leesburg. 

West Virginia A. B. Doane Wheeling. 

Wisconsin John A. Hinsey Milwaukee. 

Arizona Territory B. A. Fickas Tombstone. 

Utah Territory 

Washington Territory J. T. Jordan 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 333 

Grand Keepers of Records and Seal of Grand Lodges, 

1884. 

Alabama J. Hensley Grubbs Decatur. 

Arkansas John M. Taylor Pine Bluffs. 

California John H. Harney San Francisco, 905 Market St. 

Colorado Chas. Bleibel Denver. 

Connecticut H. O. Case Hartford. 

Delaware S. J. Willey Wilmington. 

District of Columbia... Richard Goodhart Washington, 124 nth, S. E. 

Georgia J. M. Hunnicutt Atlanta. 

Illinois H. P. Caldwell Chicago, 135 Clark St. 

Indiana D. B. Shideler Indianapolis. 

Iowa H. D. Walker Mount Pleasant. 

Kansas Gus. J. Neubert Wyandotte. 

Kentucky C. F. Minott Louisville. 

Louisiana Francis Downey New Orleans, Box 2739. 

Maine Joseph F. Chute Portland. 

Maryland James Whitehouse Baltimore, Pythian Hall. 

Massachusetts Francis A. Chase Boston, 10 Pemberton Square. 

Michigan Hampden Kelsey Kalamazoo. 

Minnesota E. A. Stevens Minneapolis. 

Mississippi T. T. Hanes Vicksburg. 

Missouri Thos. R. Gelwicks St. Louis, 210 Washington St. 

Nebraska E. E. French Omaha. 

Nevada Nate W. Roff. Reno. 

New Hampshire F. J. Pillsbury Concord. 

New Jersey Eugene V. Lorton Plainfield, Box 1068. 

New York John J. Acker Albany, 496 Broadway. 

North Carolina. J. L. Dudley Wilmington, Box 506. 

Pennsylvania Geo. Hawkes Philadelphia, 1027 Race St. 

Ohio Ed. J. Dowdall Columbus. 

Ontario Geo. H. Mitchell Toronto. 

Oregon Ward S. Stevens Portland. 

Rhode Island Wm. A. Wilson Providence. 

Tennessee R. L. C. White Lebanon. 

Texas T. La Hache Sherman. 

Virginia Leroy S. Edwards Richmond. 

West Virginia J. Rufus Smith Berkeley Springs. 

Wisconsin L. W. Coe Milwaukee. 

Arizona Territory A. T. Jones Tombstone. 

Ulah Territory L. W. Rivers Salt Lake City. 

Washington Territory..D. J. Coleman Walla Walla. 



GRAND LODGE JURISDICTIONS. 



The Grand Jurisdiction of the District of Columbia. 

THE first record appearing upon the books of Washington 
Lodge, No. i, reads as follows, to wit : 

Washington, D. C, Feb. 19, 1864, \ 

At Temperance Hall, Friday Evening. / 

Upon agreement, a number of gentlemen met, and, after some conversation 
upon the subject, they were called to order, and, upon the motion of Mr. J. 
H. Rathbone, a chairman of the meeting was proposed, and Mr. J. T. K. 
Plant was unanimously called to the chair, and D. L. Burnett nominated as 
secretary. After organizing as above, the object of the meeting was stated by 
Mr. Rathbone to be the organization or the foundation of a Society, its busi- 
ness and operations to be of a secret character, having for its ultimate object 
Friendship, Benevolence, and Charity. Before proceeding further, those 
present were requested to subscribe to an oath laid down afterwards in the 
initiatory. All present having signified their willingness to do so, the same 
was administered to them by reading the same by J. H. Rathbone. After 
taking of the oath, on motion, it was 

Resolved, That this Order be styled the Knights of Pythias. 

The election of officers was ordered, whereupon the following 
officers were duly elected and installed, to wit : 
Worthy Chancellor — J. H. Rathbone. 
Vice- Chancellor — Joel R. Woodruff. 
Venerable Patriarch — J. T. K. Plant. 
Worthy Scribe — D. L. Burnett. 
Banker — A. Van Der Veer. 
Assistant Banker — R. A. Champion. 
Assistant Scribe — George R. Covert. 

The following officers were appointed by the Worthy Chan- 

334 



THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS, ETC. 335 

ceilor : Brothers M. H. Van Der Veer as Worthy Guide, A. 
Roderigue as Inside Steward, and Brothers Kimball, Roberts, 
D. L. and W. H. Burnett as choral Knights. 

At the next meeting, on February 27, 1864, various applica- 
tions were received for membership. It also appears that at this 
meeting a committee of three, consisting of V. C. Woodruff, 
W. C. Rathbone, and Knight D. L. Burnett, was appointed to 
prepare a Ritual of the second (now third) degree, which was 
soon after prepared by the committee, presented to the Lodge, 
and adopted. The Grand Lodge was organized on the 8th of 
April, 1864, with J. T. K. Plant as Grand Chancellor and A. 
Van' Der Veer as Grand Scribe ; the officers of the Grand Lodge 
set about forming Lodges elsewhere, and providentially succeeded 
in locating one at the Navy Yard, known as Franklin Lodge, 
No. 2, with the following charter members, to wit: 

Venerable Patriarch — Robert Middleton. 

Worthy Chancellor — Daniel Carrigan. 

Vice- Chancellor — Edw. Fox. 

Scribe — Clarence M. Barton. 

Banker — James Gill. 

Guide — Nicholas Wayson. 

Inner Steward — Jos. H. Lawrence. 

Outer Steward — Hudson Pettit. 

Edward Dunn, James W. Kelly, Jasper Scott, George Norton, 
J. H. Wheeler. 

The Lodge was duly instituted on the 12th of April, 1864, at 
the Anacostia Engine House, by the officers of the Grand Lodge. 
The history of this Lodge needs no comment. It is the history 
of the Order, which it saved from destruction after her sister 
Lodges around her had ceased to exist. From its very organization 
the members took a lively interest in its welfare, and determined 
that it should become the excelsior Lodge of the Order. For 
nearly eight months it struggled along, the only Lodge in the 
country, its little membership meeting with rebuffs and sarcasms, 
and, worse than this, the stinging sin of ingratitude from one 
who had solemnly sworn to maintain and defend its principles. 
On the 19th of May, 1864, the Grand Lodge organized Colum- 



336 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

bia Lodge, No. 3, located at Temperance Hall ; on the 2d of 
June, Potomac Lodge, No. 4, was organized, at Temperance 
Hall, and afterwards located at Island Hall, on the Island. 

On the 1 st of February, 1865, Alexandria Lodge, No. 1, of 
Virginia, was organized, through the efforts of Knight J. H. 
King, of Franklin Lodge, who was then engaged in the United 
States naval service near Alexandria. Knight King was appointed 
D. G. C. of the State of Virginia. The Lodges were at this 
time in a bad financial condition, but doing as well as could be 
expected under the circumstances. Potomac and Columbia 
Lodges ceased holding meetings in the latter part of April, in 
consequence of being unable to secure a quorum ; the minutes 
of Washington Lodge also show that for months at a time no 
meetings were held on account of not enough members being 
present to transact the business. Alexandria Lodge ceased hold- 
ing meetings in July, and at the annual session of the Grand 
Lodge, in June. 1865, but two Lodges were reported, Washing- 
ton and Franklin. At that session the following Grand Officers 
were elected and installed, viz. : 

Grand Chancellor — Clarence M. Barton, No. 2. 

Vice Grand Chancellor — Joseph H. Lawrence, No. 2. 

Grand Marshal — Edward Dunn, No. 2. 

Grand Scribe — Wm. Whitney, No. 1. . 

Grand Banker — Dr. J. R. Keasbey, No. 1. 

Grand Herald — John W. Cross, No. 2. 

Grand Prelate — A. Van Der.Veer, No. 1. 

Grand Inner Guardian — R. V. Henry, No. 1. 

Grand Outer Guardian — J. Titcomb, No. 1. 

The Grand Lodge held its last meeting on the 13th of June, 
1865. Washington Lodge, No. 1, ceased holding meetings in 
July of the same year, and petitioned Franklin Lodge to receive 
the members in good standing at the dissolution of the Lodge, 
and a few of them were members of Potomac Lodge, who had 
been received in a similar manner by Washington Lodge. Frank- 
lin Lodge, No. 2, upon the 1st of August, 1865, was the only 
Lodge in existence, the Grand Lodge having become defunct 
from necessity — it not being deemed advisable to continue 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 337 

its organization with only one Subordinate Lodge. Franklin 
Lodge, however, exercised all the functions of a Grand Lodge, 
its past officers installing the newly elected officers of their 
Lodge each quarter. The work, regalia, etc., in possession of 
Washington Lodge at its decease were turned over to Franklin 
Lodge on the 28th of September, 1865, upon the payment of 
eighteen dollars and seventy-five cents ($18.75), tne sum neces- 
sary to pay one quarter's rent of hall due by that Lodge. At the 
close of the year 1865, Franklin Lodge was in a prosperous con- 
dition, with a membership of nearly 60, and nearly two hundred 
dollars ($200.00) in the treasury. They had sustained a loss by 
their Banker of two hundred and fifty-five dollars and fifty-five 
cents (#255.55). 

At the beginning of the year 1866, the membership made a 
determined effort to either resuscitate old Lodges or establish new 
ones. The need of a perfect ritual in order to make the cere- 
monies more interesting and attractive had long been felt, and 
at this meeting of this Lodge the following committee was 
appointed to revise the Ritual, and, if possible, report at the 
next meeting : Past Chancellors Rathbone, Barton, Dunn, Cross, 
Cook, and F. S. Lawson, and Cooksey, of Franklin Lodge, and 
F. S. Sears and V. P. Downs, of Mount Vernon Lodge. On 
the 14th of May, the Committee reported that the Ritual had 
been placed by their sanction in the hands of Knight Rathbone 
for revision, and that he had performed his duty and reported 
to the Committee, who had unanimously approved of it. The 
report of the Committee was received and adopted, and the 
Ritual now in use was read and adopted as the Ritual of the 
Order by Franklin Lodge and Mount Vernon Lodge in joint 
meeting. On the 1st of May, 1866, pursuant to agreement, Past 
Chancellors Rathbone, Barton, Dunn, King, Cook, and Beech, 
of No. 2, John I. Downs, of No. 5, and Representative Strom- 
berger, of No. 5, met for the purpose of reorganizing the Grand 
Lodge, which had held no meetings since June, 1865. The 
offices of Grand Marshal, Herald, Prelate, Inner and Outer 
Guardian, in vogue at that time, were discontinued, and the fol- 
lowing officers were elected : 

29 W 



338 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

Grand Chancellor — J. H. Rathbone. 

Vice Grand Chancellor — Edw. Dunn. 

Grand Recording Scribe — Clarence M. Barton. 

Grand Financial Scribe — John I. Downs. 

Grand Banker — John H. King. 

Grand Guide — Thomas W. Cook. 

Grand Inner Steward — Levi Beech. 

Grand Outer Steward — John W. Cross. 

The number of Lodges at the close of the quarter ending Sept. 
30, 1866, was four, with a membership of 324. There were five 
Lodges at the close of the quarter ending March 31, 1867, with a 
total membership of 470. On the 30th of June, 1867, there were 
six Lodges, to wit : Franklin, No. 2, Mount Vernon, No. 5 , Liberty, 
No. 6, Webster, No. 7, Friendship, No. 8, and Excelsior, No. 1, 
of Pennsylvania, with an aggregate membership of 694. 

The original meeting, when the work of the Order of Knights 
of Pythias was first read, took place at the house No. '369 F 
Street, between 8th and 9th Sts., Washington City, D. C, the 
following gentlemen being present (as the members of a musical 
association, known as the "Arion Glee Club"): Messrs. R. A. 
Champion, E. S. Kimball, D. L. Burnett, W. H. Burnett, 
Roberts, and Driver. These gentlemen were then and there 
duly obligated by Mr. Rathbone, and afterwards resolved them- 
selves into individual committees to obtain the names of proper 
persons to form the first Lodge. This meeting took place Mon- 
day evening, February 15, 1864, and on the following Wed- 
nesday morning Mr. Rathbone informed Mr. J. T. K. Plant 
of the business of the meeting, and solicited him to join the 
Order. Mr. Rathbone had, however, read the Ritual to Mr. R. 
A. Champion privately, at his own room, a few evenings previous 
to the above meeting. The Ritual was written by Mr. J. H. 
Rathbone originally, in the town of Eagle Harbor, Houghton 
(now Keewenaw) County, Lake Superior, Mich., in the winter 
of 1860-61. As heretofore stated, however, the first Pythian 
Lodge in the world was instituted on the evening of the 19th 
day of February, 1864, at Temperance Hall, now " Marini 
Hall," Washington, D. C. The only Lodge in existence on the 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 339 

Sth of April, 1864, when the Grand Lodge was instituted, was 
Washington Lodge, No. 1. There are at present fourteen 
Lodges in the District of Columbia, with a membership of 1,051, 
being a gain of four during the past year. The present condi- 
tion of the Order in this jurisdiction is excellent, and the out- 
look for the future is favorable. There are four Sections of the 
Endowment Rank and one Division of the Uniform Rank in 
this home of the Order. The total receipts by Subordinate 
Lodges for the past year were sixteen thousand one hundred and 
ninety-three dollars ($16,193.00), and the total expenditures 
during the same period were eight thousand five hundred and 
eighty-nine dollars and forty-six cents ($8,589.46). The aggre- 
gate amount paid out for the relief of widowed families was nine 
hundred and fifty-three dollars and sixty-seven cents ($953.67). 
The amount paid out for the relief of Knights was three thou- 
sand four hundred and fifty-eight dollars and ten cents ($3,458. 10), 
and the amount for burying the dead was nine hundred and two 
dollars and ten cents ($902.10). 

The present Grand Lodge officers are as follows, to wit : Chas. 
E. Miller, P. G. C. ; James R. Shanks, G, C. ; John M. Kline, 
G. V. C. ; N. H. Stephens, G. P. ; Wm. H. Hines, G. M. of E. ; 
Richd. Goodhart, G. K. of R. and S. ; A. L. Smith, G. M. at A. ; 
R. C. Glascock, G. I. G. ; Louis S. La Bille, G. O. G. 



The Grand Jurisdiction of New Jersey. 

NEW JERSEY as a State and her people as citizens have always 
been noted for their enterprise, devotion to principles of jus- 
tice, and zealous adherence to all secret associations that have 
for their foundation Friendship and Charity. In the wars of the 
Union the State was never known to shirk a responsibility, and 
the title of ' ' Jersey Blues ' ' invoked upon her brave soldiery stands 
upon the records of America unsullied and unrivalled. Hence it 
was not surprising that the Order of Knights of Pythias was so 
ardently received and secured so firm a foothold in this State. On 
November 28, 1867, Hon. Stephen D. Young, William B. French, 



34° THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

R. F. S. Heath, Richard B. Wilmot, John Matlack, Geo. W. 
Conrow, Chas. Mayhew, Joseph Braddock, and Wm. Penn 
Repsher, all residents of Camden, were initiated into Damon 
Lodge, No. 8, in the city of Philadelphia. On December 12 
of that year the above-named Knights assembled in Odd-Fellows' 
Hall, in Camden, and were instituted as Damon Lodge by several 
Grand Officers from Washington, D. C. Upon that occasion 
nearly fifty gentlemen were initiated ; among the number was 
the Hon. Samuel Read, who subsequently became the first Su- 
preme Chancellor. P. G. C. Young officiated that evening as 
Grand Inner Guard. At a later day charters were received for 
two Lodges — New Jersey Lodge received No. 1 and Damon No. 
2. There was undoubtedly a mistake, as the members who had 
been initiated in Philadelphia constituted Damon Lodge in Cam- 
den, and were justly entitled to the first number. The Grand 
Lodge was organized March 16, 1868, at Camden. It meets 
annually at Trenton, on the third Wednesday in February. P. 
G. C. Wm. B. French had the honor of being G. K. of R. and 
S. from the organization of the Lodge until 1877. From the 
commencement the Order grew rapidly, extending its beneficent 
branches throughout the State, till at this time every city and 
county glistens with the lustre of its castle halls. Around the 
Pythian altars of New Jersey, 7,500 brothers gather with loving 
hearts and firm devotion to the glorious principles their Order 
represents. There are now 97 Lodges in excellent condition, 
with bright prospects for the future. The Grand Lodge was 
instituted by G. C. Westwood, of the District of Columbia. 
Hon. Samuel Read, P. S. C, was the first G. C, and W. B. 
French was the first G. K. of R. and S. C. P. Vanneman is 
the present G. C. and E. V. Lorton is G. K. of R. and S. The 
net gain in New Jersey for 1883 was about 900. There are 
eighteen Sections of the Endowment Rank, with eight Divisions 
of the Uniform Rank, in the State. 

The Uniform Rank is regarded by the Knights of this Grand 
Jurisdiction with exceeding great favor. The total receipts by 
Subordinate Lodges are ninety-two thousand eight hundred and 
fifteen dollars and forty-five cents ($92,815,45). The total 






COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXTBOOK. 34 1 

amount expended by same is twenty-eight thousand seven hun- 
dred and forty-four dollars and thirty-seven cents ($28,744.37). 
The aggregate amount paid out for relief of Knights is sixteen 
thousand and fifty-one dollars and sixty-two cents ($16,051.62), 
and for burials four thousand seven hundred and two dollars and 
eighty-one cents ($4,702.81). New Jersey is warm in the Pythian 
cause, and is excelled by none in the zeal of her membership. 

MONUMENT TO PETER WOODLAND, THE 
PYTHIAN MARTYR. 

We present our readers with an excellent engraving of the 
beautiful " Woodland" Monument, erected by the generous and 
liberal contributions of the chivalric Knights of the Supreme 
Jurisdiction, under the supervision of Lincoln Lodge, No. 36, 
K. of P., of the Grand Jurisdiction of New Jersey. 

On the 5th of October, 1880, a committee was raised by 
Lincoln Lodge, No. $6, K. of P., for the purpose of soliciting 
contributions for such monument. 

W. R. Allen, Past Chancellor, Gustave Steup, Past Chancellor, 
Philip Lynch, Past Chancellor, and George W. Point, Chancellor 
Commander, constituted said committee, and the liberal donations 
well attest their zeal, efficiency, and fidelity in discharging the 
important trust. 

On November 13, 1880, Hon. Henry W. Long, Grand Chan- 
cellor, granted a dispensation, allowing the committee to solicit 
in the Grand Jurisdiction of New Jersey, which was subsequently 
approved by the Supreme Chancellor of the World, and permis- 
sion obtained to ask aid throughout the Supreme Jurisdiction. 

The committee received over eighteen hundred dollars, with 
which they purchased ground, enclosed the same, and completed 
and erected the elegant monument. Nearly every Grand Juris- 
diction in the world is represented among the donors. 

A few days prior to the unveiling of the monument, a list of 
the names of all donors, whether as Lodges or individuals, and 
all papers pertaining to funeral ceremonies, were deposited in 
Case of the monument. 

The lot is located on corner of Chapel and Garfield Avenues, 
29* 



342 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

and is passed by every one that enters the cemetery, and is 
enclosed in a most substantial and permanent manner, with the 
number of the lot, name of the section, and date of its erection 
in large polished raised letters on the gate posts, heavy galvanized 
bars, with ornamental centres and ends, and the name of Peter 
Woodland cast thereon. 

The monument is erected in the rear of the lot, on a concrete 
foundation, eight feet in depth. 

The first and second Case, /. e., block and cap of monument, 
are made of Grate Neck granite, from the quarry of Theo. F. 
Powers, of Waterford, Conn., being of a silver gray color. 

The following are the dimensions, to wit : 

ist. First or bottom base, 3 = 6 x 3 = 6 x 1=4, with a re- 
pository 1 =6 X 1=6x0=10, containing a list of the names 
of all donors and all the funeral ceremonies, which are sealed 
with a plate of galvanized iron and lead. 

2d. Second base, 2 = 10 X 2 = 10 x 1 = 2, highly polished on 
four sides, with the name " Woodland " on the front side, in a 
panel, in six-inch letters, and raised three-fourths of an inch. 

3d. Die block, 2 = 2x2 = 2x4=1, polished on four sides, 

half-inch raised panels, with ivy vine running around the top, 

raised one-quarter inch, with the following inscription on front 

side, to wit : 

ERECTED 

By the Order of 
KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

IN MEMORY OF 

BROTHER 
PETER WOODLAND, 

Of Hector Lodge, No. 49, 

OF 

Philadelphia, Pa., 
, who was killed in the disaster at the hudson river tunnel, 
Wednesday, July 2 ist, 1880. 
Aged 32 Years. 

HE SACRIFICED HIS LIFJl THAT OTHERS MIGHT LIVE. 




WOODLAND MONUMENT. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 343 

The words " Knights of Pythias," "Brother," and "Peter 
Woodland " being two and a half inch raised letters, the balance 
in sunk letters. 

4th. Cap, 2 = 4X2 = 4X i = 9, polished on four sides, with 
the emblem raised half an inch on front side, and a sprig of 
myrtle raised on the other three sides, the cap being dowelled to 
the die-block with copper dowels. 

5th. On the cap stands a life-size statue of "THE PYTHIAN 
MARTYR," in citizen's dress, in the position of a Knight. 
The statue is of the best Italian marble, and is six feet and one 
inch from bottom of feet to top of head, and rests on a base 
about eight inches in height. The weight of statue is nearly 
eighteen hundred pounds, and the base is mortised into the cap, 
and dowelled with copper dowels. The monument is fifteen feet 
and one inch in height. 

The doctrine of vicarious suffering has an application other 
than that respecting the atonement by our blessed Lord Jesus 
Christ, in a sense different, yet quite as true. It is seen that 
one beast perishes in order to sustain the lives of other ani- 
mals ; we shed the blood of the ox and the sheep, that we may 
subsist upon their flesh ; every mother furnishes an example in 
the pains of childbirth, and alas ! too often, in severer and more 
prolonged pangs of soul through the misconduct of those whom 
she loves, and suffers to save. The pioneers of civilization — 
those who precede — and with rifle, axe, and saddle-bags, cut 
down the forests, upturn the entangled roots of the virgin prai- 
ries, brave the pestilential fevers of undrained marshes, and, 
in pain, linger through a premature old age, or lay their bones 
upon the surface of the wilderness to bleach, because there was 
none to bury them, are examples of those who suffer and perish, 
that others may come after them and enjoy life, and health, and 
prosperity, and all the culture of cities. 

The explorers of unknown regions, like Franklin in the Arctic 
seas, or Livingstone in the heart of Africa, fulfil the same all- 
pervading law. And so, too, do those noble men, the mission- 
aries of the church, who go everywhere planting the cross, in 
obedience to the great commission ; they became the martyrs 
whose blood is the seed of the church. 



344 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

All great enterprises make demand for sacrifice. Every upward 
step in the progress of civilization must be laid in mortar mixed 
with blood. And those which are chiefly experiments, where 
the powerful forces of nature, like the lightning and steam and 
air, are utilized, are extra hazardous. In proportion to their value 
is the demand for preliminary suffering ; so that there are other 
martyrs beside those of Smithfield and the Netherlands. Science 
has hers, and civilization hers, as well as religion. Suffering is 
a part of the price paid for all our benefits, and for the good of 
the many a few must perish. One remarkable instance will 
hereafter be noted in regard to those twenty men who died in 
order that a channel of travel and of traffic may be made beneath 
the bed of the Hudson. 

It is the custom of civilized peoples to rear monuments for the 
great. In ancient times they were almost entirely the monopoly 
of monarchs. In times more modern they have been erected for 
others — for those who were " great in arms, in art, and in song." 

The traveller in sunny Florence will linger long within the 
churches, as of Santa Croce, and meditate over the career and 
services of Galileo, the man of science, and of Michael Angelo, 
the many-sided genius, and of Savonarola, the martyred reformer 
before the Reformation ; and he will find, much to restore his 
gravity by visiting the tombs of the mighty dead as he passes 
out of frivolous Paris to the Pere-la- Chaise, and he may lengthen 
the hours into days and the days into weeks, if he would give 
the reins to his memory and imagination as he recalls the deeds, 
or the looks, or the incidents relating to those of the great of 
England, whose precious dust is encased, as in a jewel box, by 
Westminster Abbey. And this is well ; it serves its purpose. 
But all the great are not thus remembered ; still they have their 
monuments. The Mary who washed the Saviour's feet, and 
wiped them with the hair of her head ; the widow who, in her 
penury, dropped her two mites into the treasury, are not remem- 
bered in marble or bronze, but the deeds of love and devotion, 
the principle of self-sacrifice, are remembered, and they point a 
lesson for all, of all time. God makes use of it, and He never 
forgets. And so it may be that there will be no shaft of granite 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 345 

pointing to the skies erected over the grave of our departed 
friend, yet the act he performed, and the words he spoke, will be 
quoted when others, higher in station, shall have perished and 
been forgotten. " Save yourselves and us if you can !" Let the 
sentence be placed upon his tombstone, if only a tombstone shall 
mark the spot where he lies. And let it stimulate all who hear 
it, or who shall read it, to a life of devotion and self-sacrifice. 

A PYTHIAN HERO HONORED. 

The largest and finest gathering of the Knights of Pythias since 
their grand assembly at Philadelphia, in the Centennial year, 
was that witnessed in Jersey City, N. J., on Wednesday, May 
30, 1883. Nearly three thousand Knights participated in the 
event, the unveiling of the monument to the hero Peter Wood- 
land, who brought about his own death to save the lives of the 
eight men, who, favored by fortune, reached the airlock in the 
Hudson River tunnel before the iron plates and masonry crashed 
in and forced to, and securely held, the door of the airlock on 
the tunnel side. While the cries of despair went up from the 
twenty-eight men, as' the water steadily submerged them, and all 
fought desperately but fruitlessly for life, there was but one man 
who was his own master — one man who, though staring death in 
the face, realized that the eight men in the airlock could be 
saved. The compressed air confined in the lock held the door, 
and the efforts of the eight to force it open had failed. They 
had expended their strength, and to them there seemed to be 
no escape from death by drowning. But Peter Woodland gave 
his order — an order that was heard above the wails of anguish of 
the men who knew that escape from death was impossible — 
"Break out the bull's eye." The order was calmly given and 
the bull's eye was crushed out on the shaft side, and thus the 
compressed air held by the rush of the water which poured 
through the bulkhead and loft filling on one side, and the door 
of the airlock on the other, was allowed to escape. The resist- 
ance was gone, and the door was then easily opened. The eight 
men dashed up the steps of the shaft and were saved, but the 



346 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

release of the compressed air, which had resisted the flow of the 
water, left the water to flow in unmercifully, and Peter Woodland 
and his twenty subordinates quickly perished. He was a member 
of Hector Lodge, Knights of Pythias, of Philadelphia. Lincoln 
Lodge, of this city, was requested by their brothers in the Quaker 
city Lodge to take charge of the remains, and they buried him 
with Pythian honors in New York Bay cemetery. A plot was 
purchased, and a fund for the erection of a monument to the hero 
was started, to which all the members of the Order in the United 
States were invited to contribute. 

Unveiling the Woodland Monument. 

It was nearly five o'clock when the head of the procession 
reached the western entrance to the cemetery and entered. 
When half-way to Washington Avenue, they turned to the right 
and gathered round the platform, on which were seated a number 
of leading members of the Order, including a large delegation 
from Hector Lodge, No. 49, of Philadelphia, of which organi- 
zation Peter Woodland was a member. Grand Chancellor C. P. 
Vanneman opened the exercises by giving a short description of 
the work of raising funds for the building of the monument, and 
said it was a free-will offering of the members of the Order. 
Rev. Mr. Barnes offered a short prayer, and then P. C. C. Moses 
F. Badgley, of Newark, who had been induced to speak, was in- 
troduced. He said that the work had been accomplished under 
the management of a committee, consisting of W. R. Allen, 
Philip Lynch, and Gustave Steup. He then referred to the ac- 
cident which caused the death of Peter Woodland in the Hudson 
River tunnel, on July 21, 1880, and commended his heroism. 
At the close of Mr. Badgley' s remarks the order was given to 
unveil the monument, and the flag which covered it was removed. 
Mr. George B. Jones, of Philadelphia, a member of Hector 
Lodge, then addressed those present, and on behalf of his Lodge 
he thanked the members of the Order for the interest manifested 
in thus contributing to honor their heroic brother. 

William R. Allen, of Lincoln Lodge, was then called upon, 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 347 

and responded with a brief but feeling address in memory of 
Peter Woodland. 

Mrs. Woodland and her child were in a coach near the monu- 
ment at the time it was unveiled. The monument, including the 
figure of the dead hero, is about sixteen feet in height, the base 
being of granite and the figure of marble, and is the work of Mr. 
George H. Kidder, of this city. 

About ten thousand people witnessed the ceremony. 



The Grand Jurisdiction of Pennsylvania. 

ON the 19th day of February, 1867, a meeting was held at the 
residence of Geo. Hensler, cor. 15th and Brown Streets, in 
the city of Philadelphia, for the purpose of organizing a 
Lodge. Mr. Hensler was chosen chairman and P. G. C. Barton 
explained the principles and objects of the Order. 

An application was then signed for a charter, and the follow- 
ing officers named : Wilbur H. Myers, V. P. ; Fred. Coppes, 
W. C. j J. J. Fisher, W. V. C. ; Wm. A. Porter, W. B. ; A. J. 
Huhlzinger, W. F. S. ; G. Gross, W. R. S. ; J. W. Hencill, W. 
G. ; James M. Devitt, W. I. S. There were nineteen others 
besides the officers who united in the movement. The Grand 
Lodge of the District of Columbia promptly acted on the ap- 
plication for a charter, and granted it. 

On the morning of February 23, 1867, the committee ap- 
pointed to institute the first Lodge in the Keystone State, was 
escorted to the depot from Mount Vernon Lodge room, by the 
different Lodges in Washington City, headed by Heald's band. 
The committee was received in Philadelphia by Past Grand Chan- 
cellors Barton and Dunn and the members of Excelsior Lodge, 
No. 1, and conducted to the hall of the Mechanic's Fire Engine 
Company, where, at eight o'clock, p. m., on the same day, the 
Lodge was duly organized and the officers installed. The rich 
results of that day's work are now visible in this magnificent 
field for Pythian principles, with its 351 Lodges and 32,749 
members. 



343 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

The following statement, as furnished the author by the oblig- 
ing and accomplished Grand Keeper of Records and Seal of 
Pennsylvania, shows the present status of the Order in this Grand 
Jurisdiction : 

The Grand Lodge was duly instituted at Pythian Hall, Fourth 
and George Streets, Philadelphia, on December 13, 1867, by 
G. C. Westwood, of the District of Columbia. The first Grand 
Officers who were duly elected and installed at the date of insti- 
tution were as follows, to wit : 

Wilbur H. Myers, V. G. P. ; Geo. W. Crouch, G. C. ; Win. 
Blancbois, G. R. S. ; Wm. F. Slocum, G. F. S. ; Wm. T. Rose, 
G. B. ; C. B. Prentiss, G. G. \ Joseph L. Nichols, G. I. S. ; E. 
T. Martin, G. O. S. 

There are now 351 Lodges in this Grand Jurisdiction, and the 
present condition and future prospects of the Order in the State 
of Pennsylvania are most flattering. There are at present 38 
Sections of the Endowment Rank, and 12 Divisions of the Uni- 
form Rank in this State. The present membership is 32,749, an 
increase for the past year of 955. The amount on hand and 
invested in various ways is $529,268.57. The aggregate amount 
paid out for the relief of widowed families is $5,640.91 ; for the 
relief of Knights, $117,932.10, and for burial of the dead, 
$26,711.51. 

The names and address of the present officers of the Grand 
Lodge K. of P. of the State of Pennsylvania are as follows, to 
wit : 

H. O. Kline, P. G. C, Altoona, Blair County, Pa. 

Austin Long, G. C, 2605 North Eleventh Street, Philadel- 
phia, Pa. 

John H. Carr, G. V. C, 1320 Seventh Avenue, Altoona, Pa. 

E. V. O'Neill, G. P., cor. of Paul and Unity Streets, Frank- 
ford, Philadelphia, Pa. 

George Hawkes, G. K. of R. and S., 1027 Race Street, 
Philadelphia, Pa. 

Julius Mountney, G. M. of E., 121 2 Vine Street, Philadel- 
phia, Pa. 

Henry W. Mohr, G. M. at A., Allentown, Lehigh County, Pa. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 349 

John H. Colton, G. I. G., 702 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, 
Pa. 

Edward B. Emery, G. 0. G., Spring City, Chester County, 
Pa. 

Thomas G. Sample, S. R., Allegheny City, Allegheny County, 
Pa. 

Smith D. Cozens, S. R., 522 North Twenty-first Street, Phila- 
delphia, Pa. 

George Hawkes, S. R., 1027 Race Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 

Chas. K. Neisser, Trustee, 1029 Charlotte Street, Philadelphia, 
Pa. 

Wm. A. M. Love, Trustee, 738 Moore Street, Philadelphia, 
Pa. 

John W. Beebe, Trustee, 600 South Second Street, Philadel- 
phia, Pa. 



The Grand Jurisdiction of Connecticut. 

IN November, 1868, William J. Kelley, a member of the Order 
of Knights of Pythias of Philadelphia, Pa., visited New Haven, 
in this State, for the purpose of instituting the Order. Edward 
W. Dawson, of New Haven, was the only Knight in that State, 
he having been initiated into the Order in New York. Subse- 
quently, Knight Dawson was appointed D. D. G. C. Knight 
Kelley was determined to engraft the beautiful teachings of the 
Order in this State, and formed the acquaintance of John F. 
Comstock and C. B. Hine. Soon they began to agitate the sub- 
ject of instituting a Lodge. The requisite number of signatures 
being obtained upon the petition, an informal meeting was held 
on the 13th of November, 1868, when it was decided to institute 
a Lodge. On the 17th of the same month, Grand Chancellor 
Abram Levy, of New York, with other Grand Officers, instituted 
Rathbone Lodge, No. 1, at New Haven. This Lodge had an 
original membership of 35. It increased so rapidly that, on 
December 17, Damon Lodge, No. 2, was organized, chiefly 
from members of No. 1. On the 23d of that month Ezel Lodge, 
30 



350 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

No. 3, was formed. Thus within the short space of two months, 
three Lodges had been created, all doing good work. 

On January 9, 1869, a meeting was held at the office of 
Knight Dawson for the purpose of organizing a Grand Lodge. 
At this meeting D. D. G. C. Dawson presided. An adjourn- 
ment then took place until January 18, when the Grand Lodge 
of Connecticut was duly organized, and the officers regularly in- 
stalled. The following officers were elected for the ensuing term : 
John F. Comstock, V. G. P. ; Edward W. Dawson, G. C. ; John 
W. Lute, G. V. C. ; George A. Ward, G. K, of R. and S. j George 
W. Douglass, G. P. ; William L. Tuttle, G. G. 5 Charles A. Wil- 
loughly, G. I. S. ; Daniel H. Brown, G. O. S. 

Myrtle Lodge, No. 4, was organized January 29, 1869. The 
Order began to increase with great rapidity, and has continued 
to increase until there are now 27 Lodges, with a membership of 
1,635, being an increase of 375. There is a balance on hand in 
the Grand Lodge treasury of $910.83. The Grand Chancellor, 
in his report, says: "We have now the respect and confidence 
of the community in a large degree. We are thus gaining nu- 
merical strength, and our financial condition is sound and steadily 
improving." The Grand Lodge holds annual sessions on the 
third Tuesday in February, alternately at New Haven and Hart- 
ford. The Grand and Subordinate Lodges are in a flourishing 
condition, free from debt, and nearly all having balances in the 
treasury. The future prospects of the Order are placed upon a 
sure foundation, and it has already become one of the permanent 
secret societies in the State. 



The Grand Jurisdiction of Maryland. 

THE Order was established in this State by the institution, 
on the evening of November 27, 1867, of two Lodges — 
Golden, No. 1, and Monumental, No. 2. They received 
their charters from the Grand Lodge of the District of Columbia, 
and the ceremonies of instituting were performed by the Grand 
Officers of the District of Columbia. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 35 1 

The Grand Lodge of Maryland was organized March 17, 
1868, by the Representatives of four Subordinate Lodges, viz., 
Golden, No. 1, Monumental, No. 2, Baltimore City, No. 3, and 
De Haven, No. 4 (the latter afterwards changed to Gratitude), 
all of whom are still strong and vigorous Lodges. Grand Chan- 
cellor William P. Westwood, P. C. John Shultz, and others of 
the Grand Lodge of the District of Columbia, officiated on the 
occasion. The following named gentlemen were elected and 
installed as the first officers of the Grand Lodge : James A. Camp- 
bell, G. C. ; C. T. Abbott, G. V. C. ; O. C. Weigley, V. P. ; G. 
G. Green, G. F. S. ; W. M. Bowen, G. B. ; T. Turner, G. R. S. • 
Charles E. Lowe, G. G. ; W. P. Espey, G. I. S. ; John H. Osem, 
G. O. S. 

The Order spread with wonderful rapidity in this State. On 
June 30, 1870, 60 Lodges had been formed in all parts of the 
State. During this period of activity the O. B. N. difficulties 
arose. The action of the Supreme Lodge being opposed by a 
large majority of the members, this culminated in the organiza- 
tion of a new Grand Lodge, which, on the action of the Supreme 
Lodge, session of 1 87 1 , was entirely merged into the other, and this 
State was one of the principal battle grounds for the contesting 
parties. At one time it threatened total destruction to the Order, 
but, through the good management and prudent counsels of 
her ablest members, all questions of disagreement were amicably 
adjusted, and in the end developed a fraternal feeling which gave 
great force and energy to the membership throughout the State. 

The total number of Lodges at present is 88, located in all 
sections of the State, 36 being in Baltimore city. The mem- 
bership aggregates 6,541, being a gain for the year 1882 of 100. 
The total amount of receipts for the year 1882 was $60,077.14, 
and the amount expended by them, $51,125.81. Of this amount 
expended, $30,188.53 was for sick and funeral benefits, relief of 
widows and brothers, education of orphans, etc. There was paid 
for sick benefits alone the sum of $19,146.35. 

The Subordinate Lodges have in their exchequer the hand- 
some sum of $144,802.08. This fund is invested almost entirely 
in savings-banks, bonds, and other standard securities, that could 



352 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

be converted into cash instantly, should any emergency occur 
demanding it. It will thus be seen the Lodges have husbanded 
their resources with great wisdom. 

There are 7 Sections of the Endowment Rank in this State, all 
in a flourishing condition, though not as strong as they should be 
considering the number of members of the Order and the ad- 
vantages the organization affords. Three Uniform Divisions 
have been established, and 6 regular Uniform Drill Associations 
organized in Maryland. The number of Uniform members em- 
braced in the above cannot be less than 8qo. 

This State has also established a library for the use of the 
members and their families, and which now numbers 4,000 vol- 
umes. It was originally started by asking a donation of one 
book from each member, which resulted in obtaining nearly 
2,000; in four years, by various voluntary means on the part of 
the Order, the other 2,000 have been obtained. It is largely 
patronized by the Order. 

The Grand Lodge affairs are in splendid condition. They 
have on hand and invested over $18,000, and have the finest and 
most commodious Pythian Castle in the country, which is thus 
described : It fronts on Gay Street 44 feet 10 inches, running 
back 115 feet; four stories in height; the building is somewhat 
on the renaissance style, surmounted with a tower at each end, 
and adorned with a handsome crest of the Order in appropriate 
triangle, in the centre of which are the emblems of the Order in 
colors. On the first floor are two stores, and in the rear is the 
library and office of the Grand Keeper of Records and Seal ; the 
room is 40 x 33 feet. The Superintendent's room is also on this 
floor. The second story is a handsome saloon, 43x64 feet, 
entirely renovated and fitted up for entertainments, concerts, 
lectures, etc. On each side of the stage is a reception room, 
making it a desirable and beautiful saloon. On the third floor 
there is a reception room or committee room, 19X23 feet, and 
three Lodge rooms, about 37 x 20 ; and on the fourth floor four 
Lodge rooms of the same average size, making ample accommo- 
dations for 35 Lodges, and by the use of Saturday night 42 
Lodges. All the rooms have been refurnished entirely and pre- 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 353 

sent quite a handsome appearance. The cost of the building 
was about $17,000, and the Knights of Maryland dedicated it 
with appropriate exercises, and at once entered into its occu- 
pancy, free of debt. One of the pleasing features connected with 
the securing of the Pythian Castle was that our lady friends held 
a fair lasting for eleven days, for the benefit of the Pythian 
Castle fund, and realizing the magnificent sum of $10,000. 

The Grand Lodge is composed of 2 Past Supreme Chancel- 
lors, viz., Justus H. Rathbone, Founder of the Order, and Geo. 
W. Lindsay; 31 Past Grand Chancellors, and 1,436 Past Chan- 
cellors. This Jurisdiction, with but a single exception, has the 
largest membership in proportion to its population — one out of 
29 of her white male citizens over twenty-one years of age are 
members .of the Order. Lodges have been situated in almost 
every available spot that could sustain one, and the efforts of her 
leading members are more particularly directed toward strength- 
ening those in existence, and to render her laws — beneficial and 
charitable — features more perfect and uniform, and thus enlarge the 
field of usefulness. The following are the present Grand Officers : 

Past Grand Chancellor — H. F. Steiner. 

Grand Chancellor — Henry Page. 

Grand Vice Chancellor — F. W. Kranz. 

Grand Prelate — Geo. W. Mecaslin. 

Grand Master of Exchequer — W. S. Quigley. 

Grand Keeper of Records and Seal — Jas. Whitehouse. 

Grand Master-at-Arms — Louis L. Meyer. 

Grand Inside Guardian — W. J. Smullen. 

Grand Outside Guardian — Alexander Geddis. 

Supreme Peprese?italives — F. G. Maxwell, Edwin T. Daneker. 



The Grand Jurisdiction of New York. 

THE Grand Lodge of New York was organized by Supreme 
Chancellor Samuel Read, on Wednesday, the 29th of Octo- 
ber, 1868, in the city of New York. The dispensation for that 
purpose was granted on the 14th of October in the same year, under 
30* X 



354 THE KNIGHTS OF P YTHIA S 

the hand of the Supreme Chancellor, and attest of Clarence M. 
Barton, as Supreme Recording and Corresponding Scribe. On 
the 24th of October a preliminary meeting was held at the house 
of Dr. Abram G. Levy, No. 42 Attorney Street, he being at that 
time the Deputy Grand Chancellor. There were 4 Lodges in 
existence in the State and 27 members attended the preliminary 
meeting. The following were elected Grand Officers, and they 
were subsequently, at the institution of the Grand Lodge, rati- 
fied, and duly installed as such : Dr. Henry W. Good, V. G. P. ; 
Dr. Abram G. Levy, G. C. ; Wm. A. Hajward, G. V. C. ; Ber- 
nard F. Dierks, G. S. ; Simon J. Weinthal, G. B. ; A. Abrams, 
G. G. ; Jacob Regus, G. I. S. ; C. J. Auffarth, G. O. S. The 
Supreme Officers present on the 29th of October were, Wilbur H. 
Myers, S. V. P. ; Samuel Read, S. C. ; Wm. A. Porter, S. B. 
The balance of the orifices were filled by appointment. 

Dr. Levy served to the end of his term, and was reelected, 
and under his administration, which closed January 27, 1870, 
the Order grew to 33 Lodges and a total of 1,436 members. At 
the time of this writing, November 1, 1883, P. S. R. Levy is 
still living, a resident of New York city, hale, hearty, and ap- 
parently as young and active as when the Grand Lodge was 
organized. He attends nearly every annual session, and evinces 
■an interest in the legislation quite as keen as fifteen years ago. 
It may not be out of place to state, that the first Lodge organized 
was Rathbone, No. 1, and was instituted on May 18, 1868, 
with 13 members. At the first annual session, held January 28, 
1869, Grand Chancellor Levy in his address speaks of it as being 
organized by the Founder of our Order, Past Supreme Chan- 
cellor Justus H. Rathbone, accompanied by P. G. C. Wm. P. 
Westwood, both of Washington, D. C, and adds that at that 
date it had 125 members. 

The following are the present officers of the Grand Lodge, to 
wit : 

Grand Chancellor — John F. Van Nort. 

Grand Vice Chancellor — Christian Stein. 

Grand Prelate — Peter Hoffman. 

Gr-and Master of Exchequer — Peter W. Mead. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 355 

Grand Keeper of Records and Seal — John J. Acker. 

Grand Master-at-Arms — Alonzo Bedell. 

Grand Inside Guardian — Chas. Rodgers. 

Grand Outside Guardian — Chas. Kline. 

Past Grand Chancellor — Oscar J. Brown. 

Supreme Representatives — John C. Nott and Henry Lemmer- 
mann. 

Grand Chancellor John F. Van Nort is a Past Grand Master 
of the Independent Order of Odd-Fellows, of the State of New 
York. Supreme Representative John C. Nott is a Past Imperial 
Councillor of the Order of United Friends, and the County 
Judge elect of and for the city and county of Albany. G. K. 
of R. and S. John J. Acker is a P. G. C. and a Past Grand 
Master of the Ancient Order of United Workmen, of the State 
of New York, and a Past Supreme Master Artisan of the Artisan's 
Order of Mutual Protection. 

The Lodges in the State number 204, but of this number only 
146 are active Lodges, the rest having become defunct, and their 
number never having been filled. The present membership is 
about 8,500, the last annual tabular statement for the year ending 
December 30, 1882, showing 7,576. During the last four years 
there has been a net gain of about 1,000 each year, and an aver- 
age increase of 12 new Lodges each year over and above all 
losses. The tabular statement above referred to shows the total 
receipts from all sources to the Subordinate Lodges to be, 
$56,141.75, total expenditures, $43,406.46; the amount on hand 
$51,350, with total assets of $100,019.82. The amount paid out 
for relief was $15,714.59, of which $1,168.02 was for relief of 
widows, $10,164.29 for relief of brothers, and $4,282.28 for 
burial of the dead. 

There are upwards of 30 Sections of the Endowment Rank 
and 8 Divisions of the Uniform Rank. A Grand Division was 
formed at the session of the Grand Lodge in July, 1883, and 
prizes offered by the Grand Lodge for competing Divisions 
which shall attend the next session, to be held at the city of 
Binghamton in 1884. 

The receipts of the Grand Lodge for the fiscal year ending 



356 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

July 24, 1883, were $3,525.96, and the balance on hand, after 
paying out during the year for disbursement $3,514.52, was 

#4,5 T 8-78. 

The prospect for an increase of Lodges and membership is 
most excellent, as within the last two years the Order has gained 
a foothold in the centre of the State, which contains many 
flourishing villages, and where there were no Lodges. An al- 
lowance has also been made to Deputies instituting new Lodges, 
which serves to cover expenses, and has had a tendency to en- 
courage the work. 

The Grand Lodge was incorporated by Act of the Legislature 
in 1880. This has been followed by legal proceedings, grow- 
ing out of the action of a D. D. G. C. in refusing to obey the 
orders of the Grand Chancellor, in matters purely Pythian, a 
full report of which case is to be found in the Journal of 
Proceedings for the year 1883, and has resulted in the appoint- 
ment of a committee to thoroughly revise the laws of the Order 
in this State. The heartiest acquiescence in and support of the 
Supreme Lodge has always been characteristic of this Grand 
Jurisdiction. 



The Grand Jurisdiction of Virginia. 

THE Grand Lodge was instituted at Richmond, on the 30th 
of October, 1868, the charter having been issued on the 
14th of October, 1868. Clarence L. Barton, then S. C. and 
R. S., was the instituting officer. The first Grand Lodge of- 
ficers were as follows, to wit : E. G. Tompkins, V. G. P. ; H. 
G. C. Hartman, G. C. ; J. R O'Daniel, G. V. C. ; W. E. Buford, 
G. R. and C. S. ; W. W. Gosden, G. B. 

The present number of Lodges is 39, and the Order was never 
in a more prosperous condition, and the future outlook is all 
that could be desired by the most enthusiastic Knight. There 
are now 6 Sections of the Endowment Rank, with 4 Divisions 
of the Uniform Rank, in this Grand Jurisdiction. The Uni- 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 357 

form Rank is in high favor with the Knights, and especially so 
in the cities of Portsmouth and Norfolk. There now 3,019 
members, being a net gain of 263 for the year 1882. 

The total receipts from Subordinate Lodges are $19,834.98. 
The total expenditures for 1882 were $17,342.18. The amount 
on hand and invested in first-class securities, is $24,997.07. The 
aggregate amount paid out for relief of widowed families, 
Knights, and for burial of the dead in 1882, was $11,655. 

We take the following extract from the report of the accom- 
plished and efficient Grand Keeper of Records and Seal of Virginia, 
to wit : " In all its departments throughout the Jurisdiction of the 
Supreme Lodge, the condition of the Order was never so satis- 
factory as at the present time ; and within the limits of the 
Grand Lodge, with which we are more directly concerned, the 
principles and practices of the Order were never more faithfully 
illustrated than during the nineteenth period of its history. 
The position of the Order is distinct and well defined. It fills 
a place among the social and benevolent associations of our 
country not otherwise occupied. While with a firm hold it ad- 
heres to its early tenets and doctrines as ancient as humanity, 
still, with the progress of civilization, the Order aims to impart 
the highest interest and value to its formal ceremonies and prac- 
tical workings. Its growth in nineteen years has been one of 
steady development, progressive without radicalism ; conserva- 
tive without servile adherence to ancient models. No order has 
more splendidly illustrated in its membership the lofty principles 
which it inculcates. The examples of its heroic members in the 
early days of its history will not prove useless illustrations of 
devotion to duty, friendship, and benevolence. Whilst it is 
true that many Lodges throughout the wide territory of Pyth- 
ianism have surrendered their charters, and thousands who have 
taken vows at our altars have left them, yet it is true that now 
the Order is stronger in the number and devotion of its mem- 
bership, and in its financial condition, than at any previous day 
of its history. The Endowment Rank is an important factor in 
the up-building of our Order. The ritual of this Rank is im- 
pressive, and its objects are of such great practical value that 



35§ THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

every Knight properly qualified should avail himself of its ad- 
vantages. The Uniform Rank fully meets the demands of the 
Order. The Divisions in this Grand Jurisdiction displayed 
great activity, improvement in drill, and efficiency during the 
past year. The public parade in the city of Richmond, of the 
five Divisions of the State, on the 30th day of October, 1882, 
proved the most attractive element of the public celebration of 
that date. As heretofore suggested, it would be well for mem- 
bers of small Lodges to unite with the Divisions already formed, 
when it is impracticable to secure a sufficient membership from 
the immediate locality of the Lodge to sustain a Division. The 
several journals and papers published in the interests of the 
Order have shown steady improvement during the past year. 
The value of this literature cannot be too frequently urged 
upon our members. S. V. C. Van Valkenburg, of Fort Madi- 
son, Iowa, may be justly termed the historian of the Order. 
In addition to his valuable work, 'The Knights of Pythias 
Manual,' issued several years ago, he is now engaged on other 
works of equal literary value and interest to the Order. His 
efforts in making a standard literature for the Order, and thus 
advancing the vital interests of the Order, should have the 
hearty cooperation of our f members." 

The following extract from the able and facile pen of one of 
Virginia's most talented Knights, will be read with thrilling 
interest by Knights everywhere, to wit : 

As we contemplate the glorious condition of our honored Order, and be- 
hold it illuminated by the bright rays of prosperity without an element of 
discord to disturb the harmony of its organization, let us recognize and ac- 
knowledge our obligation to the Supreme Ruler of the Universe for the 
manifold blessings bestowed upon us. Brethren, when we look upon the 
magnificent proportions of Pythian Knighthood, and remember that in our 
own State scarcely eight years have elapsed since its establishment upon the 
bleak shore of experiment, is it strange that every chord of our hearts should 
vibrate with ecstatic pleasure at the grand transformation from the weakness 
of infancy to the strength of manhood, from the anticipation of novelty to 
the realization of fame ? To the question, What has produced these vast and 
wonderful changes, we hear the answer, in tones as true as angels use : The 
practice of our lofty principles and the energy and the effort of our members. 



. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 359 

These have been the means of our advancement, and the same means required 
to advance the Order in its infancy are required to sustain it in its prosperity, 
for no institution, however firmly fixed, can retain an exalted position among 
the organizations of the world where there is lukewarmness or indifference 
on the part of its supporters. And the fact of possessing lofty principles will 
not compensate for these defects. Indeed, the simple fact of having Friend- 
ship, Charity, and Benevolence for our principles amounts to nothing, unless 
they are practised; practised not only in our " Castle Halls," but in our every- 
day life with our fellow-men ; for it is their practice, and not their hollow 
profession, that gives such glorious prestige to Pythian Knighthood; and if 
we cease to make them living realities, and allow them to become only " as 
the sounding brass and tinkling cymbal," it will require no divinely inspired 
prophet to inscribe mene, mene, tekel, upharsin upon the walls of our temple, 
which has been erected with so much care and adorned with the grandest in- 
stances of self-sacrificing devotion that history records. But why should I 
say more ? Have we not seen our principles practised where they deserve, 
and where they received our highest approbation ? Have we not seen them 
in our standing beside the bedside of the sick, and when, with deeds of fra- 
ternal affection, we planted flowers of hope about the dying pillow? Have 
we not seen them when death has stricken from our roll of membership a 
loved comrade, and the myrtle of friendship entwines itself with the cypress 
of mourning, and have we not seen them whenever and wherever the ser- 
vice of a true Pythian is required ? And with our beautiful history before 
us, we need not leave this age to grope among the debris of dead centuries 
to find a Pythias, to stimulate and encourage us in our benevolent work, for 
here in our midst the self-sacrificing devotion of one whose effigy we see in 
this hall furnishes an example of self-sacrificing heroism that will live when 
the selfish of earth have sunk into their native dust, and their very graves are 
forgotten. Let us continue in the noble work that is laid down for us to per- 
form, and then, with our splendid record filled with bright deeds and re- 
splendent with generous achievements, we shall indeed be worthy upholders 
of our beautiful Pythian structure, which stands to-day one of the grandest 
temples ever erected by human hands and human hearts to our great genius — 
Friendship. 

And while the Order is grand in power and influence in this State, 
industrious hands and zealous hearts elsewhere are equally zeal- 
ous in promulgating its principles throughout the entire country ; 
and from Maine to Texas, the Knights of Pythias have become 
a recognized power among the secret beneficial Orders. While 
there is no element of a political character in the letter or the 
spirit of the Ritual of this Order, it will not be amiss to say 



360 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

that the Order, uniting the young men of the country in fra- 
ternal bonds, immediately upon the close of the war, tended 
largely to foster a reconciliation among the late active par- 
ticipants in the war. In this respect the Knights of Pythias 
accomplished a grand and excellent work, and one that cannot 
well be estimated. 



THE TRUE PYTHIAN MARTYR. 

ADDRESS OF REV. DR. EDWARDS, OF VIRGINIA. 

My Brother Knights : — The occasion is full of sad and mournful interest. 
What mean the plaintive strains of that funeral dirge still lingering in our 
ears? What mean these badges of mourning? What means this large 
assemblage of the Knights of Pythias, who, with tearfuV- eyes, and swelling 
hearts, and sorrowful faces, crowd this sanctuary of religious worship, as the 
sun of the declining day bends to the horizon, and the shadows of the even- 
ing begin to fall ? What means this vast concourse of citizens — ladies and 
gentlemen — who, in the midst of the week, have turned away from their coun- 
ters, and ledgers, and workshops — from the din and bustle of business, and 
from the rounds of domestic duty, and the recreations of pleasure, to pause a 
moment, in the whirl of life, by the altar, and within the hallowed precincts 
of God's house ? What means this solemn silence ? It is the mute tribute 
of affection which the living pay to the chivalrous, the heroic, the honored 
dead. In the narrow confines of that little coffin, which rests on the corpse 
table in front of this chancel, is contained the charred and excoriated remains 
of our honored brother Knight, Samuel Holder Hines, who sacrificed his 
own life in the noble, manly, and determined effort to rescue a brother 
Knight from the devouring flames which consumed the Spotswood Hotel, in 
this city, on the morning of December 25th, 1870. 

These obsequies are made solemn, and more than ordinarily impressive, 
by the marked peculiarities which distinguish the occasion. A great Brother- 
hood, known under the name and title of " The Knights of Pythias," has 
grown up in this city, as elsewhere in this broad country, with unprecedented 
rapidity. It embraces in the membership of the Order much of the flower 
and prime of the early manhood of the city of Richmond. 

The Order is founded on the grand principle of Friendship and Brotherly 
Love. The obligations which unite the Order bind its members together by 
sacred ties, and pledge them to the offices of Friendship, one to the other. 
Under impressive rites and solemn ceremonies this first lesson of Friend- 
ship is taught, and the principle sought to be infixed in the Maind and im- 
perishably written on the heart. In the higher degrees it is repeated, and 




S. H. HINES. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 36 1 

strongly guarded by Caution and Bravery. We have occasion to boast and 
be proud of the principles of our Order. 

But the question arises, are these principles carried out into practical effect 
by the Brotherhood, in the reciprocal duties and relations of life ? The out- 
side world will say the profession is beautiful as a theory and a sentiment, but 
that Pythian friendship is a fiction and a fable, and that we look in vain for 
its illustrations and exemplification in any actual example in life. We may 
admit, without the surrender of the principle, that the instances are rare ; but 
we claim for this occasion, as its marked and distinctive peculiarities, that 
we celebrate the funeral solemnities of a brother Knight who, in his death as 
in his life, fully illustrated and vindicated the exalted principles of our Order, 
and taught us, by his sublime example, that " it is sweet to die for those we 
love." All honor and praise to the brave, heroic, and courageous Samuel 
Holder Hines, who, having forced his way through the suffocating smoke 
and smothered flames that choked the passages and stairways of the fated 
Spotswood, to a point of personal safety, and then bethought himself of a 
brother Knight, who was sleeping in an upper room, exposed to danger and 
death, despite remonstrance and entreaty, rushed back through the lurid 
blaze and scorching fire and perished in the chivalrous and Pythian effort to 
rescue and save the life of his friend, at the peril of his own. He actually 
sacrificed his life on the altar of Friendship. 

Poesy has woven the garlands of immortality around less heroic deeds than 
that performed by our brave and noble brother. Fiction and dramatic litera- 
ture perpetuate names, even if they were real, less entitled to distinction, on the 
honored scroll of fame, than that of Samuel Holder Hines. Eloquence, in high- 
wrought eulogy, has sought, in fervid and glowing terms, to render imperish- 
able the deeds of statesmen, and military chieftains, and philanthropists, and 
even of martyrs, not more entitled to live in the annals of literature, and 
eloquence and song, than the deed of calm, quiet, and courageous friendship 
in which the subject of this solemnity sacrificed his life. 

This is no fiction ; no creation of the poet or novelist ; it is an actual fact. 
Nor is it something that occurred at a remote point of our earth, or in a dis- 
tant and bygone age of the world ; but a thing that has fallen under our own 
eyes, in our own city, and within the last few days. It was but the other 
day that our departed brother was with us in the social, every-day walks of 
life; with us in the Lodge room ; with us in this sanctuary of religious wor- 
ship. But the other day he was at his place of business. But the other day 
he exchanged friendly salutations with us in the streets, and spoke cheerfully 
and hopefully of plans and prospects for the future. It was but yesterday 
his remains were exhumed from the bricks, and lime, and rubbish, and 
smouldering ruins of the Spotswood Hotel. These brother Knights have 
seen the face, and clasped the hand of the man whose memory is to be 
linked with this imperishable, self-sacrificing deed of friendship, through the 
31 



362 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

on-coming years of time ; and to-day, in this house, where he so frequently 
worshipped, we pay this tribute to his memory, and drop the silent tear over 
his mutilated remains. 

Who was Captain Samuel H. Hines? We answer, the son of a pious 
mother and a godly father — an elder in the Presbyterian Church — who in- 
stilled into his youthful mind the principles of virtue, morality, and religion, 
and taught him, when but a child, that truthfulness, integrity, and honor were 
the sure paths to success in business, to a place in the confidence and esteem 
of his friends, to a useful life, and a position of honorable distinction among 
his fellow-men. Nay more, they taught him that the religion of the Bible was 
the safeguard of youth, the crowning glory of manhood, and the highest and 
most beautiful adornment of old age. He was born in the town of Milton, 
Caswell County, North Carolina, January, 1836, and, had he lived a few days 
longer, would have numbered his thirty-fifth year. He engaged in mercan- 
tile pursuits for a livelihood. At the opening of the late war, full of life and 
vigor, he entered the service of the Confederate States as a soldier, and rose 
to the office of captain. He passed through every phase of the Confederate 
soldier's life; in the camp and in the battle strife; in long and tedious im- 
prisonment; in hunger and want; through summer's heat and winter's cold, 
and came out without a blemish on his fair name as a soldier. After the 
close of the war he again returned to his mercantile pursuits. In the town of 
Danville, Va., his employer was burned out, and he barely escaped with his 
life by jumping from a window. He came to Richmond some three years 
ago, since which time, till the period of his lamented and untimely death, he 
was employed as salesman in a large wholesale mercantile house in this 
city ; where, by the urbanity of his manners, the obliging turn of his disposi- 
tion, his promptitude in business, his social qualities, and moral excellence, 
he won the confidence, esteem, and admiration of his employers to an extent 
rarely equalled and never surpassed, and so entrenched himself in the affec- 
tions and friendship of those who knew him best as never to be forgotten by 
them. 

We will not say that he was faultless ; this would be fulsome praise and ad- 
ulation. We will not say that he had no equals in the private virtues that 
adorned his life ; but we will say, would to God we had more like him. He, 
himself, was conscious of one great defect in his own life. This was evinced 
by his remark to a brother Knight, on the afternoon of the day just before his 
death, in which he said that " he intended to retrieve his character." When 
inquired of what he meant by such a remark, he said he meant " that no man, 
in his estimation, was what he should be, who was not a Christian gentle- 
manP He intended to come out publicly and be a church-member, and 
consecrate his life to the duties of religion, and the service of the Church of 
God in the world. Well for him that he had formed this purpose; better that 
he had sooner put it into practical effect. Suddenly, and unexpectedly to 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 363 

himself, this noble and estimable young man has been prematurely removed 
by death, from time to eternity. 

Brother Knights, you will greet our departed friend no more this side the 
grave. His charred hand can no more reciprocate the cordial grasp of friend- 
ship. His manly form and winning face will be seen no more in our Lodge. 
He will come no more to his accustomed seat in that gallery to hear the word 
of God preached. His work is done, and he has gone to his reward in the 
eternal world. 

Thank God, it is not all a loss. The deed, which formed the crowning act 
of his life, still lives, though the hero be dead. And by it "he being dead, 
yet speaketh." The deed is imperishable, and is worthy of perpetuation by 
the chisel of the sculptor, the pencil of the artist, and the pen of the historian 
and dramatist. The deed, with its influences and suggestive lessons, is ours; 
it belongs to the world, and shall live, as an honor to our common humanity, 
though the name of him who performed it be effaced, by Time's busy fingers, 
from his tombstone, and the last perishable memorial of him fade from the 
earth. 

Especially does this deed belong to the Pythian Knighthood. The Old 
Dominion Lodge, No. 4, of Richmond, Va., loses a member from its roll, but 
the Order everywhere sustains a loss — and while brother Knights in all places 
mingle in a common sorrow, they share in the honor and glory of the con- 
spicuous and praiseworthy deed which immortalizes our own Samuel Holder 
Hines. Let his name and his heroic deed shine, side by side, like two bright 
and lustrous stars, in the firmament of our Pythian heavens forever. While 
we shed our tears, and bemoan our loss, we nevertheless feel cheered and 
comforted by the fact that, in his death, he fully vindicated his claim to the 
confidence we had reposed in him as a brother Knight while living. 

Learn hence, my brothers, to live right. We dishonor our name by irregular 
and sinful lives. The principles by which we profess to be governed, and 
which are so earnestly inculcated in our lectures and ceremonies, bind us to 
live lives of moral rectitude, especially distinguished by the cardinal virtues 
of Friendship and Brotherly Love. 

Learn to prepare for death. Something more than mere friendship and 
brotherly love, in the ordinary acceptation of these terms, is necessary as a 
preparation for death. We must personally become reconciled to God, through 
the merits of the world's Redeemer, or we cannot meet our God in peace, 
when summoned from time to eternity. Repentance, saving faith in the aton- 
ing blood of our Saviour, and obedience to God's commandments are the 
conditions of preparation for death. 

Learn the extreme uncertainty of human life. What is it ? A vapor that 
appeareth for a little time, and then vanisheth away. What is it? A dream 
when one awaketh. What is it ? A flower that cometh up in the morning 
and in the evening is cut down and withereth. What is it ? A shadow that 



364 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

fleeth and continueth not. What is it ? A span, a handbreadth, a nothing / 
" What shadows we are, and what shadows we pursue. The wail of prophecy 
comes pealing over the lapse of the ages ; all flesh is grass, and all the glory 
of man as the flower of the grass ; the grass withereth, and the flower thereof 
falleth away ; but the word of the Lord endureth forever." 

Thank God there is something real, something substantial in this world of 
fleeting shadows. The word of the Lord shall stand forever. This is the " 
immovable rock amid the vicissitudes and changing fortunes of time. Here 
let us take our stand upon the immutable truth of God's word, as contained 
in the Holy Scriptures ; let us form and fashion our lives by its holy precepts, 
and then, when God shall call us hence, whether it be by day or by night, at 
home or abroad, among friends or among strangers, whether it be suddenly, 
as our brother was called away, or after lingering illness, and slow decline, 
we may be ready to die in peace with God and all mankind, and have minis- 
tered to us an abundant entrance into God's everlasting kingdom. 

And now, brother Knights, as the evening shadows fall, as the church 
grows dim and dusky, as the din and bustle of the city die on the ear, as the 
hush and quiet of the day's decline steal in upon us, you will take up the re- 
mains of our brother, and bear them tenderly, lightly, lovingly away from the 
church, preparatory to their removal to his relatives and friends, where he 
shall rest alongside of other members of his family, in the old family burying- 
ground, near the home of his youth, and hard by the playground that wit- 
nessed the sports of his innocent childhood. 

Hail brother, and farewell ! Peace to the ashes, and honor to the memory 
of Samuel Holder Hines. 



The Grand Jurisdiction of Delaware. 

ON the 14th of May, 1868, with J. H. Rathbone, founder of 
the Order, W. P. Westwood, G. C, Daniel Carrigan, G. V. 
C., J. Broadbury, and J. Dudley, of the Grand Lodge of 
the District of Columbia, acting as officers of the Provisional 
Supreme Lodge of the World, was organized the Grand Lodge of 
Delaware, at Wilmington. The first Grand Lodge officers were 
as follows, to wit : Frank A. Taylor, G. C. ; James L. Smith, V. 
G. P. ; Robert White, G. V. C. ; Ralph Rigby, G. R. S. ; 
Ephraim L. Seely, G. F. S, ; Andrew Carey, G. B. ; Henry S. 
Truitt, G. I. S. ; Lewis Zelby, G. O. S. 

There are now 14 Lodges in this Jurisdiction, all in sound 
condition financially, with a membership of the very best mate- 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 365 

rial. The future prospects are encouraging, and there is con- 
vincing evidence of a decided increase during the ensuing year. 
There are no Sections of the Endowment Rank established as 
yet ; but there are movements already inaugurated to introduce 
this important feature of the Order. There is but one division 
of the Uniform Rank in Delaware. This branch of the Order is 
regarded with especial favor among the Knights of this Grand 
Jurisdiction. The 'membership on June 30, 1883, was 1,200. 
The amount now on hand and invested, is $21,284.77, an ^ the 
total expenditures of Subordinate Lodges amount to $6,157.94. 
The amount paid out for the relief of Knights, $3,774.25 ; for 
relief of widowed families, $205.15, and for the burial of the 
dead, $714.58. The following named persons are the officers for 
the present year : 

Past Gra?id Chancellor — A. D. Sheldon. 

Grand Chancellor — William Simmons. 

Grand Vice Chancellor — William H. Cann. 

Grand Prelate — B. B. Cooper. 

Grand Keeper of Records and Seal — S. J. Willey. 

Grand Master of Exchequer — Lemuel Marr. 

Grand Master-at-Arms — Ed. Singles. 

Grand Inside Guard — David Montgomery. . v 

Grand Outside Guard — Ed. B. Roberts. 

Supreme Representatives — Charles P. Maroney, S. J. Willey. 



The Grand Jurisdiction of California. 

THE Grand Lodge was organized on the 2#th of September, 
1869, by Supreme Chancellor Read. The following were 
the first officers of this Grand Jurisdiction, to wit: W. C. 
Mead, of Our Lodge, No. 5, V. G. P. ; George H. Chard, of 
California Lodge, No. 1, G. C. ; David Kerr, of Golden Gate 
Lodge, No. 3, G. V. C. ; Robert H. Barclay, California Lodge, 
No. 1, G. K. of R. and S. ; George P. Fisher, of Damon Lodge, 
No. 2, G. B. ; James S. Merrill, of California Lodge, No. 1, G. 
3** 



366 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

G. ; Will F. Dunbar, Golden Gate, No. 3, G. I. S. ; William C. 
Lemon, of Washington Lodge, No. 7, G. O. S. 

The present number of Lodges is 78. The condition of the 
Order in this State is very healthy and harmonious, and its pros- 
pects, judging from the tone of letters received from all sections 
of the State, are most brilliant. There are in all 12 Sections of 
the Endowment Rank and 7 Divisions of the Uniform Rank, 
with 3 other Divisions almost ready for institution. The Uni- 
form Rank is looked upon by the Order with high favor, and is 
considered by all as one of its most admirable features. On 
June 30, 1883, there were 6,468 Knights in California, being a 
net gain of nearly 800 for the past year. The total expenditures 
for the year ending June 30th, 1883, were $73,192.83, the total 
receipts for same time for Subordinate Lodges being $89,446.35. 
The amount on hand, which is invested or deposited in banks, is 
$88,807.25. The amount paid out for relief of widowed families 
up to June 13, 1883, is $800. The reason of this amount being 
so small is, that our Lodges in this Grand Jurisdiction have abol- 
ished the Widows' and Orphans' Fund, and each Subordinate 
Lodge pays all funeral expenses. This change took place about 
the date of the introduction of the Endowment Rank. For the 
year ending June 30, 1883, the sum of $31,425 was paid out 
for the relief of Knights, and the sum of $3,724 for the burial of 
the dead. 

This is a succinct history of the Order in California ; but the 
Order on this coast was never in a better condition, numerically 
and financially, than at the present time, and everything indi- 
cates continued prosperity. Steps are being taken to purchase 
ground and erect a Castle Hall in the city of San Francisco, 
which will be an honor to the Order. Three years ago there 
were 46 Lodges in the Golden State, many of them weak and 
having but an aggregate membership of 2,100. To-day we can 
boast of 78 Lodges, with a membership of nearly 7,000. The 
present officers of the Grand Lodge of California are as follows : 

Past Grand Chancellor — A. G. Booth. 

Grand Chancellor — Fred. W. Bell. 

Grand Vice Chancellor — C. E. Fleming. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 367 

Grand Prelate — A. B. Cheney. 

Grand Keeper of Records and Seal— John H. Harney. 

Grand Master of Exchequer — George Cantus. 

Grand Master-at-Arms — Samuel Seymour. 

Grand Inside Guard — Jeremiah Green. 

Grand Outside Guard— W. R. Kinkaid. 



The Grand Jurisdiction of Indiana. 

THIS Grand Lodge was instituted on the 20th of October, 
1869, at Indianapolis, by Supreme Chancellor Read. The 
following named Knights constituted the first board of 
Grand Lodge officers, to wit : John Cavin, G. C. ; Charles P. 
Carty, G. P. ; John L. Brown, G. V. C. ; George H. Seran, G. 
R. and C. S. ; G. F. Meyer, G. B. 

There are now 97 Lodges in Indiana, with an aggregate mem- 
bership of 5,328, being a net gain for the past year of 722. There 
are 10 Sections of the Endowment Rank, with 18 Divisions of the 
Uniform Rank. The total receipts from Subordinate Lodges 
were $2,850.95, and the total expenditures $40,922.92. The 
amount paid out for relief of widowed families was $1,130.11, 
and the aggregate amount paid out for relief of Knights and the 
burial of the dead, $11,236.85. The amount on hand now, in- 
vested by Subordinate Lodges in various ways, is $35,367.81. 
The present officers are as follows, to wit : 

Grand Chancellor — E. G. Kerr. 

Grand Vice Chancellor — W. L. Dunlap. 

Grand Prelate — W. L. Heiskell. 

Grand Master of Exchequer — George Webster, Jr. 

Grand Keeper of Records and Seal — D. B. Shideler. 

Grand Master-at-Arms — H. H. Francis. 

Grand Inside Guard — J. R. Green. 

Grand Outside Guard — J. C. Abbott. 

Supreme Representatives — James R.Carnahan and A. A.Curme. 

The Order is in excellent condition in the Grand Jurisdiction 
of Indiana. 



368 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

DAMON AND PYTHIAS. 

BY S. V. C. VAN VALKENBURG. 

The beautiful historic incident illustrating the wonderful friendship that 
existed between Damon and Pythias, challenges the admiration and emula- 
tion of the good, noble, and true of the whole human race. The pen of 
fiction, the genius of the artist, and the brilliant imagination of the poet, 
have been busy for centuries in weaving about it the charms of romance, in 
transferring it in enchanting colors to the canvas, and decorating it with the 
choicest gems and garlands of poesy. Although twenty-three hundred yeai-s 
have come and gone, still this act of unsullied friendship shines on with a fade- 
less lustre, and acts like an inspiration upon myriads of human hearts, intensi- 
fying their love one for another, and daily and hourly drawing men into a closer 
bond of union. This thrilling story is one that " the world will not willingly let 
die." The founder of our Order has interwoven it like a thread of gold into our 
ritualistic work, and thereby assured its perpetuity. He writes that " Our 
object as an organization is to emulate, so far as poor weak humanity can, the 
self-sacrificing magnanimity, the heroic friendship, and the sincere affection 
evinced and practically exemplified by the two great and good men we hail as 
prototypes." No scholar any longer doubts the authenticity or questions the 
fact that these wonderful men lived at the beginning of the fourth century, 
B. c, and that one of them was condemned to death by the Syracusan tyrant, 
and that one of them became hostage for the other. It seems to be generally 
conceded that one of them was a soldier by profession and the other a dis- 
tinguished scholar and civilian — one prominent in the army, and the other 
renowned as a senator. There can be no doubt that one of them, after the 
sentence of death had been decreed by Dionysius, became hostage for the 
other, and we are well satisfied that the weight of historical evidence is in 
favor of the version as promulgated in the Ritual. " Damon and Pythias 
had both been educated in the principles of the Pythagorean philosophy, and 
were united to each other in the strictest ties of friendship, which they had 
mutually sworn to observe with the most inviolable fidelity. Their faith was 
put to a severe trial. One of them being condemned to die by the tyrant, 
petitioned for permission to make a journey into his own country, to settle 
his affairs, promising to return at a fixed time ; the other generously offering 
to be his security. The courtiers, and Dionysius in particular, expected with 
impatience the event of so delicate and extraordinary an adventure. The 
day fixed for his return drawing nigh, and he not appearing, everybody began 
to blame the rash, importunate zeal of his friend, who had bound himself in 
such a manner. But he, far from expressing any fear or concern, replied, 
with a tranquil air and confident tone, that he was sure his friend would 
return ; as he did, upon the day and hour agreed. The tyrant, struck with 
admiration at so uncommon an instance of fidelity, and softened with the 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 369 ' 

view of so amiable a union, granted him his life, and desired to be admitted 
as a third person into their friendship." Rollings Ancient History, Vol. I., p. 
451. Cic. de Offic, 1. III., n. 43. Val. Max., 1. IV., c. 7. 

One of the most reliable writers on Grecian history, says that " The story 
of the devoted attachment of the two Pythagoreans, Damon and Phintias, 
appears to be very well attested : Aristoxenus heard it from the lips of the 
younger Dionysius, the despot, whose sentence had elicited such mani- 
festation of friendship." Grate's History of Greece, 4th Vol., p. 404. Por- 
phyry, Vit. Pyt/i., 1, 59-62. Cicero de Offic, III. 10; and Davies ad Cicero 
Tusc, Disp. V., 22. 

They were disciples of Pythagoras. " Nor are we to believe that Pythag- 
oras came originally to Croton with the express design of creating for himself 
an ascendant political position ; still less that he came /or the purpose of re- 
alizing a great preconceived political idea, and transforming Croton into a 
model city of pure Dorism, as has been supposed by some eminent modern 
authors. Such schemes might indeed be ascribed to him by Pythagoreans of 
the Platonic age, when large ideas of political amelioration were rife in the 
minds of speculative men, by men disposed to forego the authorship of their 
own opinions, and preferring to accredit them as traditions handed down 
from a founder who had left no memorials; but it requires better evidence 
than theirs to make us believe that any real Greek born in 580 B. c. actually 
conceived such plans. We cannot construe the scheme of Pythagoras as go- 
ing farther than the formation of a private select order of brethren embracing 
his religious fancies, ethical in tone, and germs of scientific ideas, and mani- 
festing adhesion by those observances which Herodotus and Plato call the 
Pythagorean orgies and mode of life. And his private order became politi- 
'cally powerful because he was skilful or fortunate enough to enlist a sufficient 
number of wealthy Crotoniates, possessing individual influence, which they 
strengthened immensely by thus regimenting themselves in intimate union. The 
Pythagorean orgies or religious ceremonies were not inconsistent with public 
activity, bodily as well as mental ; probably the rich men of the Order may 
have been rewarded even more actively by being fortified against the temp- 
tations of a life of indulgence. The character of the Order as it first stood, 
different from that to which it was afterwards reduced, was indeed religious 
and exclusive, but also active and domineering; not despising any of those 
bodily accomplishments which increased the efficiency of the Grecian citizen, 
and which so particularly harmonized with the pre-existing tendencies of 
Croton." Grate's History of Greece, Vol. 4th, p. 405. 

Ritter observes that " We must not believe that the mysteries of the Pythago- 
rean Order were of a simply political character; the most probable accounts 
warrant us in considering that its central point was a mystic religious teach- 
ing." See Ibid., p. 406 ( Geschicht der Philosophic, B. IV., ch. i., Vol. I., pp. 
365-368) : compare Hoeck, Kreta, Vol. III., p. 223. 

Y 



370 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

We quote from Lempriere's Standard Classical Dictionary, p. 188, as fol- 
lows, to wit : " Damon, a Pythagorean philosopher, very intimate with Pyth- 
ias. "When he had been condemned to death by Dionysius, he obtained from 
the tyrant leave to go and settle his domestic affairs, on promise of returning 
at a stated time to the place of execution. Pythias pledged himself to under- 
go the punishment which was to be inflicted on Damon, should he not return 
in time, and he consequently delivered himself into the hands of the tyrant. 
Damon returned at the appointed moment, and Dionysius was so struck with 
the fidelity of those two friends, that he remitted the punishment, and en- 
treated them to permit him to share their friendship and enjoy their confi- 
dence." Val. Max., 4th, c. 7. See Ibid., p. 525. 

" Pythias, a Pythagorean philosopher, intimate with Damon." See Ibid., 
p. 469. " Phintias, called also Pithias, Pinthias, and Phytias, a man famous 
for his unparalleled friendship for Damon." Cic. de Off., 3 C. 10, Tusc. 5, 
c. 22, Diod. 6. 

The famous German poet Schiller, who lived and flourished a century ago, 
adopted and adhered to the same view. In one of his poems, translated by 
Sir Bulwer Lytton, he says that : 

" And Damon sought his friend : ' The King 
Ordains my life the cross upon 
Shall pay the deed I would have done, 
Yet grants three days' delay to me, 
My sister's marriage rites to see, 
If thou, my Pythias, will remain 
Hostage till I return again.' 

" One clasp of hands, and Pythias said 
No word, but to the Tyrant strode 
While Damon went upon his road. 
Ere the third sun in Heaven was red, 
The rite was o'er, the sister wed, 
And back, with anxious heart unquailing, 
He hastes to keep the pledge unfailing." 

Our views are in harmony with the account given by Valerius Maximus, 
with a shade of difference in the spelling of the name Pythias. He states 
that " Damon and Phintias, who were initiated into the secrets of Pythago- 
rean wisdom, were bound together in such a degree of genuine friendship 
that when Dionysius of Syracuse proposed to put one of them to death, and 
that he (Damon) might obtain time enough to visit his home and arrange his 
own business, the other (Phintias) did not hesitate to give himself as surety 
for his return to the tyrant. He was released from the peril of death, who 
but a moment before had his neck exposed to the sword, for this same thing 
he had exposed his own head, by the security of which he was permitted to 
live. Accordingly, everybody in general, and Dionysius in particular, 
awaited the outcome of the strange and rather doubtful experiment. By-and- 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 37 1 

by, the day fixed upon (for Damon's return) drew near, nor as that day came 
did any one even charge (speak ill of) the indiscreet sponsor of folly; but, 
on the contrary, it was published abroad that he had nothing to fear by fidel- 
ity to his friend." 

Cicero, the greatest of Roman orators, was born 107 B. c, and hence 
lived and flourished about three centuries after our prototypes. He gives the 
following testimony upon the issue now under discussion, that " Damon and 
Pythias, two of Pythagoras' followers, were so closely united to one another 
in their affections, that when Dionysius, the Sicilian tyrant, had appointed a 
time wherein one of them should die, and the party condemned had begged 
a few days' respite, wherein he might provide for his children and family, 
and recommend them to somebody who would take care of them after his 
death, the other delivered himself up in his stead, voluntarily to die in the 
room of his friend, if he did not accordingly make his appearance. The 
prisoner came back at the day appointed, in order to his execution; which 
the tyrant perceiving, was so greatly amazed at their extraordinary faithful- 
ness as to desire he might be admitted a third man in their friendship." 

John Banim, an eminent Irish novelist, who flourished at the beginning of 
the present century, was the author of the celebrated tragedy of " Damon 
and Pythias." In the plot of that wonderful tragedy, the writer discloses 
the same theory that was adopted by the learned founder of the Pythian Or- 
der in drafting its beautiful and impressive Ritualistic work. The Founder 
states that, " In my opinion, it is of very little importance, so far as it can 
possibly affect our Order. I wrote the original Ritual when but nineteen 
years of age, and based it upon the story so poetically rendered in the very 
beautiful tragedy of ' Damon and Pythias.' I did not at the time delve into 
recesses of Grecian history to ascertain the precise and exact facts, being 
well satisfied then, and now, that the gentleman who gave to the lyric world 
such a play had thoroughly exhausted, by careful researches, all the pages of 
ancient chronicles attainable before commencing his work. It would seem 
to me that the purposes of our Order could be better subserved if public ex- 
ponents would dwell more particularly upon the subject of owx principles and 
tenets, and not endeavor to create divisions of opinion on matters of as little 
importance in reality, as they are of doubt, in the minds of many who have 
made ancient history a life-long study." 

It is in the range of human endeavor, however, to settle this vexed ques- 
tion and vindicate the title of our noble Order. In addition to the evidence 
already adduced, it is conceded by the author of the drama of " Damon and 
Pythias," that it was thoroughly revised by Shields, the celebrated orator, 
and that he adhered to the original plot. John Banim says that " This trag- 
edy underwent a most considerable change in Mr. Shields' hands after hav- 
ing been originally written. That gentleman's alterations and arrangements 
generally pervaded it; some scenes are exclusively his, and the author owes 



372 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

it to his own feelings to add, that Mr. Shields' connection with the play was 
extremely generous." 

Other dramas exist based on this historic incident. In one by Edwards, 
who wrote before the days of Shakspeare, Damon does not arrive, in the last 
scene, until a short minute after the appointed hour, but still in good time to 
save Pythias from the axe. It is sufficient to state that this has been the ac- 
cepted version of this drama, ever since it was first produced, on May 28, 
1 82 1, at the Covent Garden Theatre, and it seems to us to be rather late for 
this view to be easily overthrown. 



The Grand Jurisdiction of Iowa. 

r T^HE order was introduced into Iowa on the 19th of June, 
1869, through the efforts of B. F. Pinkerton, of Tremont 
Lodge, No. 128, of the Grand Jurisdiction of Pennsylvania. 
The first Lodge was organized at Cedar Rapids, on the 14th of 
September, 1869, and called Star of the West, by Past Supreme 
Chancellor Read, of New Jersey, and Deputy Grand Chancellor 
Kester, of Illinois for Iowa. On the 10th of December, 1869, 
B. F. Pinkerton, D. S. C, organized Evening Star Lodge, No. 
2, at Cedar Rapids. This Lodge was exclusively composed of 
Bohemians. Star of Bethlehem Lodge, No. 3, was established 
at Mount Vernon, February 10, 1870. Then followed in 
rapid succession the organization of Western Star Lodge, No. 4, 
at Waverly ; Morning Star Lodge, No. 5, at Keokuk; Eastern 
Star Lodge, No. 6, at Mount Pleasant; and Radiant Star Lodge, 
No. 7, at Cedar Rapids. On the 4th of July, 1870, the Grand 
Lodge was instituted at Cedar Rapids, by Past Supreme Chan- 
cellor Samuel Read. There were Representatives present from 
Lodges Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7. At the first session a constitu- 
tion for Subordinate Lodges, Grand Lodge, and a Code of Proce- 
dure were adopted. On the 1 8th of January, 1871, Mariola Lodge, 
No. 8, was instituted, at Marion; on the 22d of February, 1871, 
Myrtle Lodge, No. 9, was organized, at Des Moines ; on the 16th 
of June, 187 1, Damon Lodge, No. 10, was instituted, at Daven- 
port. The second annual session of the Grand Lodge was held at 
Cedar Rapids, June 20, 1871. Friendship Lodge, No. n, was 



1 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 373 

organized at Burlington, on the 2d of February, 1872, and on the 
14th of February, 1872, the Grand Lodge convened in special ses- 
sion at Des Moines. From this date the Order made satisfactory 
progress in Iowa, and prior to the next annual session of the Grand 
Lodge, Wapello Lodge, No. 12, of Ottumwa; Columbia Lodge, 
No. 13, of Sioux City; Germania Lodge, No. 14, of Ottumwa; 
Schiller, No. 15, at Burlington ; Ivanhoe, No. 16, at Waterloo ; 
St. Alban's Lodge, No. 17, at Council Bluffs, were duly instituted. 
The third annual session of the Grand Lodge was held' at the 
city of Burlington, on the 9th and 10th of July, 1872, and dur- 
ing this session a new constitution was adopted for Grand and 
Subordinate Lodges, and the time of meeting in annual session 
changed from July to January. Prior to the next annual con- 
vention, Prudence Lodge, No. 18, was established at Atlantic. 
The Grand Lodge next convened at Ottumwa, on the 28th and 
29th of January, 1873. There was no legislation of importance 
during this convention. During the year 1873, Eagle Lodge, 
No. 19, at Creston ; Agrippa Lodge, No. 20, at Sigourney; 
Gem City Lodge, No. 21, at Fort Madison; Liberty Lodge, 
No. 22, at Columbus City; and Full Moon Lodge, No. 23, at 
Corning, were duly instituted. The fifth annual session of the 
Grand Lodge was held at Davenport, January 27 and 28, 
1874, and, for the first time since its organization, the Grand 
Lodge was placed on a sound financial basis, and the Represen- 
tatives partially compensated for their services. During the 
year 1874, Corinth Lodge, No. 24, at Iowa City, and Chari- 
ton Lodge, No. 25, at Chariton, were added to the roster. 
The Grand Lodge convened at Fort Madison on January 
26 and 27, 1875, m sixth annual session, and a resolution 
was adopted changing the time of the meeting to the second 
Tuesday in February of each year. During the year 1875, tne 
following Lodges were established, to wit : Calanthe, No. 26, at 
Bloomfield ; Border, No. 27, at Allerton; Jackson, No. 28, at 
Milton; Capitol City, No. 29, at Des Moines; Crystal, No. 30, 
at Agency City ; Troy, No. 31, at Albia; Saint John, No. 32, at 
Osceola ; Hesperia, No. ^, at Leon ; Chosen Friends, No. 34, 
at Perlee ; Centennial, No. 35, at Afton ; and Dunlap, No. 36, 
3 2 



374 



THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 



at Dunlap. The seventh annual session of the Grand Lodge was 
held at Mount Pleasant, on the 8th and 9th of February, 1876, 
and was an extremely profitable one. The number of members 
in the Grand Jurisdiction of Iowa, on December 31, 1874, was 
741, being a net increase for the year of 294. The number of 
Lodges is over 100, and the present membership in the State of 
Iowa is nearly 6,000, being a net gain of 1,130 for the past year. 
The number of members has increased as follows, to wit : 



Years. Members. Gain. 

1872 333- 

1873 44o 107 

1874 447 7 

1875 74i 294 

1876 859 118 

1877 920 61 



Years. Members. Gain. 

1878 1015 95 

1879 x 5 2 9 5*4 

1880 2026 497 

1 88 1 2751 725 

1882 3881 1130 



There are 10 Divisions of the Uniform Rank, and the same is 
popular in the Hawkeye State. The condition of the Order in 
Iowa is excellent, and there are convincing evidences on every 
hand of a rapid and permanent growth in the future. The 
membership comprises a great many of the most prominent men 
in the State. 

The total receipts of Subordinate Lodges for the year 1882 
were $24,681.09, and the total expenditures for the same term 
were $17,728.71. The amount on hand on December 31, 1882, 
was $19,396.63, well and securely invested in halls, loans, mort- 
gages, and bonds. There has been paid out for relief of wid- 
owed families, from July 4, 1870, to December 31, 1882, the 
sum of $314.62, and for the relief of Knights for the same 
period of time, $6,513.09. There has been paid out for the 
burial of the dead for the same period, $1,484.33, and for edu- 
cation of orphans, $111.39. 

The present Grand Lodge Officers are as follows, to wit : 

Past Grand Chancellor — E. H. Hibben. 

Grand Chancellor — J. D. M. Hamilton. 

Grand Vice Chancellor — J. S. Hart. 



■COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 375 

Grand Prelate— Al. Hilbert. 

Grand Keeper of Records and Seal — H. D. Walker. 

Grand Master-at-Arms — T. O. Walker. 

Grand Inner Guard — R. E. Goodwin. 

Grand Outer Guard — C. A. Stanchfield. 

Supreme Representatives — Julius Pappe and Jno. W. Green. 

Presentation of a Handsome Jewel to Jno. Van 
Valkenburg, S. V. C., Providence, Rhode Island, 
Castle Hall, St. George Lodge, No. 14, K. of P., 
September 19, 1883. 

At a regular convocation, the following among other proceed- 
ings were had : 

The C. C. then called upon P. G. C. Whitman for some re- 
marks, who responded substantially as follows, to wit: 

As the S. V. C. has well said: " It is not to be supposed, as a matter of 
course, that because a man has held or holds an office, he is of necessity a 
fluent or eloquent speaker. It does not always, and perhaps as a rule, 
happen that the individual who has been elected to an office, particularly in 
an Order like ours, has been elected for his readiness or his elegance of 
speech." I need not say to you that I am rather painfully conscious that I 
am in my own person an exemplar of that fact ; and our distinguished guest 
has " infused balm into my soul," and saved me the mortification of making 
any apology. 

It was all the more kind of him because, after the very interesting and 
eloquent address we listened to from him, there is in the mind and heart of 
each of us a feeling that the Order is to be congratulated in its selection for 
the high office which he now holds. We knew by report of his executive 
ability, and now we have heard with our own ears and seen with our own 
eyes enough to satisfy us of the wisdom of the Supreme Lodge in electing 
him, and of his own peculiar fitness for the exalted station which he now oc- 
cupies and adorns. 

While we would not arrogate to ourselves to advise him in that whereof he 
has better and more extensive knowledge than ours, yet we cannot help feel- 
ing that with great opportunities come great responsibilities — that " to whom 
much is given, from him shall much be required !" I do not suppose we can, 
to any considerable degree, appreciate all the cares and all the careful, anx- 
ious thought and study that the position of the chief officers of the Supreme 



3/6 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

Lodge requires. Their views must be as broad as the Order is widely ex- 
tended, and they must see, with eyes of Faith, the Promised Land beyond, 
which the Knights of Pythias may hereafter enter into and occupy, if the Order 
is wisely governed and properly directed. Like the Romish Church, which 
lays its plans for centuries to come, our Supreme Lodge should, and, as we 
believe, will (under such an administration as the present), lay wise and far- 
reaching plans to secure a healthy and vigorous growth of the Order; and, we 
doubt not, will bear in mind that natural law of healthy growth embodied in 
the old maxim, "Festina lente" — "make haste slowly." 

We are a small jurisdiction compared with others of our Order, and in the 
nature of things cannot expect to rival in numbers or wealth the other juris- 
dictions in these United States. Our influence in the counsels of the Supreme 
Lodge is therefore a matter of great importance to us. To make our influence 
felt there, we must take care to be good and true and loyal Knights at home 
— to see to it that our selection of members is such that the community in 
which we live approves of us ; and then to use great care in selecting those 
who are to represent us in the Supreme Lodge — choosing them not only for 
their Knightly qualities, but for their peculiar qualifications for the important 
duties that will devolve upon them. This matter is so important to us that 
we were especially pleased to hear what the Supreme Vice Chancellor has 
said about our Representatives. It sometimes happens that a man may be one 
thing at home and quite another when at a distance, and free from the re- 
straints of customary associations and influences. But our Representatives 
seem to be a "constant quantity;" and they must be gratified, as we are 
pleased, to hear this testimonial to their conduct, labors, and influence 
abroad. 

You, sir, have come from your distant home in the great West to this capital 
city of our little State. We trust the visit may be a pleasant one to you. 
Probably you do not find things with us on as magnificent a scale as in your 
own part of the country. But one thing We believe you will find here, and 
that is, that the hearts of your Brother Knights of this jurisdiction are as warm 
and as large, though their ability may not be so great, as in your own or other 
jurisdictions. 

During these days spent in our city you have been making, as we hope, 
pleasant memories to carry with you. You have been greeted warmly and 
fraternally by many a one hitherto personally a stranger — you have heard 
many pleasant things in way of compliment and of welcome. We, of St. 
George's Lodge, wish to place another leaf in your book of recollections of 
this week. We know you have heard a great deal of talking these last few 
days, and we know that mere words are sometimes but a washed metal, which 
passes as a sort of conventional small currency in society. That 

Speech at best is silver, 
While silence it is gold." 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 377 

And so, to remind you by-and-by, when you are beyond reach of our 
voices, in your distant home, that on this day you did us the honor to visit 
St. George Lodge, No. 14, at Providence, the brethren of St. George desire 
you to accept this little golden jewel — in fashion the emblem of your high 
station — which I now send you by the Master-at-Arms. It is inscribed with 
your name and bears this date. If you experience in receiving it even a 
small part of the pleasure we feel in offering it, we shall be more than satis- 
fied. And we trust that for many days and years to come, amid the familiar 
scenes of your own immediate neighborhood, or elsewhere, it may once in a 
while speak to you in its silent language, assuring you of the confidence and 
fraternal regard of your Brother Knights of this jurisdiction, and be ever a 
pleasant reminder of our meeting here to-night. We add to it, and beg you 
to accept our earnest and heartfelt good wishes for your happiness and pros- 
perity. 

S. V. C. Van Valkenburg's Reply. 

Dear Brother Knights: 

No one can depict the peculiar feelings of a recipient of a magnificent 
gift — without a moment's warning vouchsafed to him by some one of the 
kind donors. 

I have been so liberally and generously treated since my feet first pressed 
the soil of New England, by the noble and chivalric Knights of the Atlantic 
coast, that my heart was already all aglow with gratitude and love, inspired 
by your numerous kindly offices. No true Pythian Knight can be insensible 
to such expressions of friendship and fraternal affection, and never, while 
life lasts, will I cease to cherish a fond recollection of the scenes and inci- 
dents of my sojourn in the land of Roger Williams. You have finally 
reached the climax of these courtesies by the presentation of this splendid 
jewel of solid gold, through your able and eloquent Representative, P. G. C. 
Whitman of the Grand Jurisdiction of Rhode Island — in " Thoughts that 
breathe and words that burn." 

The rhetoric, grace, and elocution of the chosen orator accord well with 
the brilliancy of the jewel. How true it is, that "A word fitly spoken is like 
apples of gold in pictures of silver." 

The words just spoken honor him who gave them utterance. 

Words are faint symbols with which to describe my utter surprise, and at 
the same time my sincere gratification at this new evidence of your love and 
confidence. It is more a compliment to the position I hold, than to the in- 
dividual, and strongly attests your deep and abiding faith in the principles 
of our great and rapidly growing Order. 

It is right and proper that the soil that was crimsoned with the blood of 
the fathers of the Republic, where were first planted the genus of political 
32* 



3/8 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

and religious liberty, this new factor in the Republic of humanity should have 
such stalwart and enthusiastic adherents — and such able, faithful, and efficient 
representatives on the floor of the Supreme Lodge of the World. May we 
build up in ourselves, and so also in others, true nobility of character, being 
kind to the poor, gentle to the sick, merciful to the fallen, charitable to the 
rich, and thus help to dispel the clouds which conceal the dawn of humanity's 
ideal day. 

Let each one of us strive to illustrate in our daily lives, that 

"Amid all life's quests 
There seems but worthy one— to do men good." 

That golden day is yet in the distant future, though earnest hearts are pray- 
ing for it, and our great Pythian Fraternity, with myriads of co-workers, are 
toiling for it. Every true and earnest Knight that kneels at the altar, conse- 
crated to genuine friendship, hastens its dawning. 

When this festal day comes then will our children's children be no more. 
We stand now in the evening and see, at the close of our dark day, the sun 
go down with a red-hot glare, and promise, behind the last cloud, the still, 
serene Sabbath day of humanity ; but our posterity have yet to travel through 
a night full of wind, and through a cloud full of poison, till at last, over a 
happier earth, an eternal morning wind, full of blossom-spirits, moving on 
before the sun, expelling all clouds, shall breathe on men without a sigh. 

" Happy eyes, that shall see this morning ! 
Happy hearts, that shall feel its rapture ! 
The sight and rapture are not for us, 
We are born to the toil and struggle." 



The Grand Jurisdiction of Kentucky. 

THE Grand Lodge was instituted at Louisville, on the 17th 
of July, 1869, by Supreme Chancellor Read, of New Jersey, 
assisted by C. H. Edgecourt, of West Virginia, and Dr. H. 
C. Lloyd, D. S. C, of Kentucky. The first Grand Officers 
elected and installed were as follows, to wit : H. C. Lloyd, G. 
C. ; Wm. M. Nichols, V. G. P. ; H. T. Morton, G. V. C. ; A. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 379 

Rummers, G. B. \ Wm. A. Borden, G. R. and C. S. ; A. A. 
Renttinger, G. G. ; C. R. Aulsbrooke, G. I. G. ; John T. Smith, 
G. 0. G. 

There are 31 Lodges in the State, and the present condition 
is excellent, with bright prospects for the future. There are 7 
Sections of the Endowment Rank, with 3 Divisions of the Uni- 
form Rank. The Uniform Rank is popular in the State, and 
there is every indication of a speedy annexation of several more 
Divisions. The present membership is 1,610, with a net gain 
in the past year of 84. 

The total receipts of the Subordinate Lodges for the past year 
were $4,946.32, and the amount now on hand and properly in- 
vested is $16,469.79. The sum of $1,346.45 has been expended 
for the relief of Knights and their families and for burials. 



The Grand Jurisdiction of Massachusetts. 

THE Grand Lodge was instituted September 17, 1869, at 
Boston, by Supreme Chancellor Read, of New Jersey, with 
Wilbur H. Myers, of Pennsylvania, S. V. P. ; Abraham G. 
Levy, of New York, P. G. C, as S. V. C. ; Clarence M. Barton, 
of Washington, D. C, S. R. and C. S. ; Wm. A. Porter, of 
Pennsylvania, S. B. ; C. F. Abbott, of Maryland, S. G. The 
first board of Grand Officers installed was as follows, to wit : Wm. 
B. Haines, of Boston, G. C. ; Henry D. Miller, of Springfield, 
G. V. C. ; Geo. W. W. Gray, of Springfield, G. V. P. ; A. S. 
Jenness, of Boston, G. R. and C. S. ; William Ritchie, of Spring- 
field, G. B. ; Jas. S. Farrington, of Charlestown, G. G. ; George 
Pollard, of Fall River, G. I. G. ; D. B. De Wolf, of Pittsfield, 
G. O. G. 

There are now 47 Lodges in the State, all in good condition, 
with fair prospect of several new ones being organized soon. 
There are 19 Sections of the Endowment Rank, and one Division 
of the Uniform Rank. If there had been a graded assessment in 
the Endowment Rank, there would have been a much larger 



380 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

number of Sections. But little can be said about the Division, 
for it has not been seen except by very few. The general opinion 
is in its favor largely, on the principle that if any demonstration 
is made the Uniform should be uniform. The membership on 
July 1, 1883, was 3,873, being a net gain of 89 for the year. 

The total receipts by Subordinate Lodges for the year 1882 
were $47,625.33, and the total expenditures for same time, 
$32,997.62, leaving a net balance of $14,627.71. The sum of 
$17,838.70 had been previously invested, which makes a total 
amount on hand of $32,465.41. This is invested in savings- 
banks, bonds, and mortgages. The amount paid out for relief 
of widowed families was $370; for relief of Knights, $6,783.97 ; 
for burials, $1,996.60, being a total of $9,150.57; and the. total 
expenditures were $2,502.75, leaving a balance on hand of 
$649.19. 

The Order in Massachusetts was instituted and managed at its 
outset by certain parties who proved unreliable. The first Lodge, 
Dionysius, No. 1, was instituted in April, 1869, in Fall River; 
next, Myrtus, No. 2, at Springfield, July 2, 1869; and the 
next, Boston, No. 3, on October 15, 1869. From that time 
for about a year the growth was wonderful — Marlboro, No. 45, 
being organized, July, 1870. On October 25, 1870, Wm. B. 
Haines, the then G. C, tendered his resignation and left the 
country. Upon examination it appeared that the Grand Lodge 
was in debt $4,000. A successful effort was. made to settle the 
bills, and all were met and cancelled in due time. On Tuesday, 
August 12, 1873, tne citizens of the State were surprised by a 
gathering of 1,500 Knights in uniform in Boston, being a larger 
number of uniformed Knights than up to that time had appeared 
in any display made by the Order, and the fine appearance of 
the men provoked much admiration from the interested specta- 
tors. In March, 1876, a committee, by authority of the Grand 
Lodge, chartered the steamer New Brunswick for an excursion to 
Philadelphia, in order to have comfortable and convenient trans- 
portation for those Knights and their families who desired a pleas- 
ant trip. The excursion lasted nine days, in August of that year, 
and was a grand success in every way, except financially. The 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT- BO OK. 38 1 

rivalry that was provoked among the various transportation com- 
panies had resulted in reducing the fare to minimum rates. 

There have been some matters of internal mismanagement 
which caused some division, but as a whole general harmony has 
prevailed, and the feeling of distrust has passed away, and more 
attention is given to making the principles of the Order the rule 
of faithful practice for the lives of its members. The members 
are now thoroughly convinced of the personal need of the Order, 
in helping one another in every emergency of life, in caring for 
one another when in sickness, in relieving the necessities of the 
desolate widow and fatherless children, and in fully accomplish- 
ing the Golden Rule, " Do unto others as you would that they 
should do unto you." 

The present board of Grand Officers for the years 1883-4 is 
as follows : 
• Grand Cha?icellor — Dana Z. Smith, of Salem. 

Grand Vice Chancellor — Chas. A. Cross, of Fall River. 

Past Grand Chancellor — Horace W. Wilson, of Worcester. 

Grand Prelate — John W. Wiggin, of Charlestown. 

Gra?id Master of Exchequer — Geo. P. Walker, of Lowell. 

Grand Keeper of Records and Seal — Francis A. Chase, of 
Boston. 

Grand Master-at- Arms — C. B. Smith, of Lawrence. 

Grand Inside Guardian — Samuel H. Day, of Worcester. 

Grand Outside Guardian — Nathaniel Maddox, Jr., of Glou- 
cester. 

ADDRESS BY HON. CHARLES COWLEY. 

The following is from the facile and able pen of the Hon. 
Chas. Cowley, P. G. C, of Lowell, Mass. Sir Knight Cowley 
is a gentleman of rare ability as an author, a lawyer of estab- 
lished reputation, and one of the most untiring workers in the 
Order. 
Brothers in Pythian Knighthood, Ladies and Gentlemen : 

It is expected that the speeches of this afternoon will be like the famous 
battles of Napoleon, which were characterized in the imperial bulletin as 
11 short, sharp, and decisive." 



382 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

I congratulate you cordially on the remarkable success of to-day's parade, 
which has far exceede*the most sanguine anticipations. In behalf of the Order 
in general, I return thanks to the committee of arrangements, and to the sev- 
eral sub-committees, whose thoughtful care and well-planned labors have 
contributed so much to this success. 

Hitherto, our ensign has been " a banner with a strange device " in Boston ; 
but such will never be the case again. The feeling uppermost in the minds 
of most of those who have reviewed our ranks to-day, has probably been 
that of pleasurable surprise ; and how could those who are strangers to our 
Order contemplate, without surprise, the spectacle which they have witnessed 
to-day ? — the spectacle of a large body of men in knightly array, in an age 
so distant from that of the worthy Greek whose name we bear, and in a re- 
gion so remote from that far-famed Sicilian city where Damon and Pythias 
gave to the world their immortal example of friendship? 

It was in the fourth century preceding the Christian era that they lived, 
and here are we in the nineteenth century following that era. Damon and 
Pythias passed their lives in the Greek city of Syracuse, in an island washed 
by the blue Mediterranean ; while our lives are cast three thousand miles 
west of those " Pillars of Hercules," which stood, in their geography, at the 
end of the world, and in a hemisphere whose shores were first kissed by 
Columbus eighteen centuries after Damon and Pythias had returned to the 
dust from which they came. 

But, perhaps, there are some here who are sceptical concerning this epi- 
sode in Syracusan history, who are Free Thinkers touching the Pythian 
legend. To all such I would say that the evidence which proves that Damon 
and Pythias lived in Syracuse, in the Greek colony of Sicily, in the reign of 
the elder Dionysius — which proves that they were both lovers and students 
of the philosophical system of Pythagoras, and members of the same Pytha- 
gorean society — which proves that one of them was unjustly condemned to 
death by Dionysius, and that, upon his being permitted to make a last visit to 
his family, the other pledged himself as a hostage for his return — which proves, 
finally, that this extraordinary confidence was not misplaced, that the con- 
demned one faithfully kept his word, and returned in time to undergo that 
extreme penalty, but that the tyrant's heart was touched by this sublime ex- 
ample of heroic loyalty between man and man, and that he revoked that 
cruel sentence, and sought to be admitted as a third partner in their friend- 
ship; — the evidence which proves all this, I say, is as clear and as positive 
as the evidence that proves that Dionysius ever reigned in Syracuse at all. 
There is, therefore, no more doubt that one of these immortal friends became 
a hostage for the other than that Horace Greeley in our own times became a 
surety for Jefferson Davis. 

Our legend has the sanction of the great name of Cicero and Valerius 
Maximus, among the ancients, and of the learned George Grote among the 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 383 

moderns. After naming Mr. Grote, I can cite no higher authority upon any 
question in the history of ancient Gi"eece and her colonies. Mr. Grote was 
the most radical, the most sceptical, the most remorselessly iconoclastic of all 
writers of eminence on Greek history and literature; yet his conclusion touch- 
ing the history of Damon and Pythias is in perfect accord with ours. 

A single word in behalf of Dionysius. In view of the increased attention 
which is now paid to the various forms of mental disease, I suggest that 
some of our alienists give the case of Dionysius a more thorough examina- 
tion than medical men have yet bestowed upon it. It will be found, I think, 
to be a clear case of melancholia, attended with fixed delusions, a case of 
the same class with that of the Roman Emperor Titus, the English King 
Henry II., the poet Cowper, and the lamented New York journalist whom I 
have already referred to. 

Many other potentates besides Dionysius have lived and reigned, and 
caused untold suffering, who, in the light of modern medical science, must 
be pronounced insane, and who as much deserved to be divested of their 
official functions as did George III., whose madness cost Great Britain thir- 
teen of her finest colonies. 

Happily for history, for poetry, and for humanity, the insanity of Dionysius 
of Syracuse furnished the occasion for an example of friendship, which, pass- 
ing triumphantly through the supreme ordeal, illustrated the godlike capa- 
bilities of our race. 

He who spake as never man spake has told us, " Greater love than this 
can no man have, than that a man lay down his. life for his friend." Un- 
questionably the Saviour was familiar with the history of David and Jona- 
than — was he not equally familiar with that of Damon and Pythias ? 

The story of these devoted friends is one which the world will not will- 
ingly let die. It has been transmitted from sire to son by tradition ; it has 
been translated into many languages ; it has blossomed in many literatures ; 
it has been a fruitful text for the moralist ; it has furnished to the tragic muse 
the theme of a noble drama; it has found expression in poetry; it has illu- 
mined the historian's pictured page; and to-day, twenty-three centuries after 
the event which it commemorates, this legend, still green and undying, has 
been incorporated into the Ritual of an Order which already numbers one 
hundred and twenty-five thousand members. 

PYTHAGORAS. 

BY CHARLES COWLEY, LL.D., P. G. C. OF MASSACHUSETTS. 

Of the few facts which history has transmitted to us touching Damon and 
Pythias, there is none better attested than this — that they were earnest mem- 
bers of the Pythagorean Society, and devoted disciples of " the Samian 
Sage." While the life of this great philosopher has a general interest for 



384 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

all intelligent men, it has a special and peculiar interest for the Knights of 
Pythias. 

Pythagoras was born nearly six hundred years before Christ, probably in the 
island of Samos, in the yEgean Sea ; but both the time, and the place of his 
birth are in dispute. About twenty-five years of his life were spent in Egypt, 
where he enjoyed the favor of the king, Amasis; and having secured admis- 
sion to the sacred colleges of the priests, he became " learned in all the wis- 
dom of the Egyptians." According to Dean Stanley, he visited Mount Car- 
mel, and other places in Palestine. He also visited Chaldean Babylon and 
perhaps Phenicia. There is no evidence to warrant the belief that he ex- 
tended his travels to India, though there is a tradition to that effect. We 
find much better reason for believing, with Walter Savage Landor, that Py- 
thagoras visited Gaul. Upon his return to Greece, he acquired a great repu- 
tation for learning, and finally settled in Crotona, the capital of Italian Greece. 
There he founded the celebrated society which assumed his name. It was 
composed of three hundred young men, selected from the best families, and 
possessing the highest character. Bishop Thirlwall says : " It was at once a 
philosophical school, a religious brotherhood, and a political association ; and 
all these characters appear to have been inseparably united in the founder's 
mind." Pythagoras made discoveries and advances in various departments 
of knowledge, in music and medicine, in geometry and astronomy, as well 
as in philosophy. His theory of the solar system anticipated that of Coper- 
nicus by two thousand years. He thought that the earth is a sphere, and 
that, like other planets, it revolves about a central globe of fire. He imag- 
ined that the planets sweeping rapidly through the ether which fills all space, 
set that ether in vibrations, that united in a celestial melody, which he called 
" the music of the spheres." The harmonies of music held a high place in 
his system of philosophy. So also did the Symbolism of Numbers — geome- 
try being penetrated and informed with a body of thought, which found ex- 
pression in numbers, in a manner bearing some analogy to the Swedenbor- 
gian system of "Correspondences." But the most famous of the doctrines 
taught by Pythagoras was that of the transmigration of souls, which he 
doubtless learned in Egypt, whence the ancient Jews and the Persians also 
probably derived it. Coupled with this doctrine, if not identical with it, was 
that of the preexistence of souls, which has never been better expressed 
than by Wordsworth in his Ode on Immortality : 

" Our birth is but a sleep and a forgetting ; 

The soul that rises in us, our life's star, 
Hath had elsewhere its setting, 

And cometh from afar, 
Not in entire forgetfulness, 
Nor yet in utter nakedness, 
But trailing clouds of glory do we come 
From God, who is our home.*' 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 385 

This doctrine found acceptance in Justin Martyr, Origin, St. Augustine, and 
others of the Christian fathers, who held Pythagoras in the highest esteem. 
It was the opinion of Justin Martyr that eveiy honest, well-disposed, moral man 
should be accounted a Christian, even though he had never heard of Christ. 
According to this definition, Pythagoras might be called a Christian, born 
before his time. But in the year 540, the Council of Constantinople con- 
demned the doctrine of the pre-existence of souls. It has, however, been 
revived in modern times by Hegel, Julius Muller, and the younger Fichte, 
in Germany, and by Dr. Edward Beecher and Bronson Alcott in the United 
States. With Alcott it is a matter of wonder that we can possibly " believe 
that our souls are no older than our bodies, and date our nativity from our 
family registers ; as if time and space could chronicle the period of the im- 
mortal mind by its advent into the flesh, and decease out of it." 

The chief object of the Pythagorean mysteries was to inculcate the dogma 
of the immortality and the migration of the soul. Women were admitted to 
these mysteries, which created and cultivated a generous enthusiasm. " The 
ambition of Pythagoras was assuredly," as Bishop Thirlwall says, " truly lofty 
and noble ; he aimed at establishing a dominion which he believed to be 
that of wisdom and virtue, a national supremacy of mind enlightened by 
philosophy, and purified by religion, and characters fitted to maintain an 
ascendant over others by habits of self-command." Pythagoras lived to a 
great age, and, in spite of bitter enemies, he retained to the last all that 
should accompany old age — "honor, love, obedience, troops of friends." 
He died at Metapontum, in Lucania, where his tomb was shown in Cicero's 
time. The following lines, written of another by one who knew nothing 
of the elaborate and beautiful Pythagorean symbolism, might well have been 
addressed to Pythagoras: 

" O good grey head, which all men knew, 
Which stood four-square to all the winds that blew." 

The name of Pythagoras deserves to be held in everlasting remembrance. 
Certainly the Knights of Pythias cannot forget that it was by faithfully fol- 
lowing his great precept, " Love one another," which a Greater than Pyth- 
agoras afterwards repeated with a divine emphasis, that the two pattern 
friends were enabled to bequeath to the world their immortal example of 
friendship. 



The Grand Jurisdiction of Nebraska. 

THE Grand Lodge of Nebraska was instituted at Omaha on 
the 13th of October, 1869, by Supreme Chancellor Read. 
Its first officers were as follows, to wit : George H. Crager, 
V. G. P. ; David Carter, of Omaha, G. C. ; John Q. Goss, of 
33 Z 



3^6 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

Bellevue, G. V. C. ; Thomas C. Brunner, of Omaha, G. B. ; E. E. 
French, of Omaha, G. R. and C. S.; William L. Wells, of Platts- 
mouth, G. G. ; John F. Kuhn, of Omaha, G. I. S. ; John Taylor, 
of Omaha, G. O. S. ; George H. Crager, David Carter, and John 
Q. Goss, Supreme Representatives. 

The present number of Lodges in this State is 24, and the con- 
dition and future prospects of the Order are good. There are 7 
Sections of the Endowment Rank in Nebraska, and one Division 
of the Uniform Rank. The Uniform Rank is regarded with 
favor in this Grand Jurisdiction. The membership on June 1, 
1883, was 929, which is a net gain for the past year of 283. 
The total receipts for same time, from Subordinate Lodges, was 
$13,952.31, and the total expenditures $9,761.05. There is on 
hand and invested the sum of $2,121.78. The aggregate amount 
paid out for relief of Knights is $536.75, and for burial of the 
dead, $278.45. The value of Lodge property, including cash on 
hand, is $8,734.93. The present officers are as follows, to wit: 

Past Grand Chancellor — E. S. Oppenheimer, of Nebraska 
City. 

Grand Chancellor — J. G. Jones, of Tecumseh. 

Grand Vice Chancellor — Joseph M. Taylor, of Nebraska City. 

Grand Prelate— John Morrison, of Lincoln. 

Grand Master of Exchequer — Joseph Rosenstein, of Omaha. 

Grand Keeper of Records and Seal — E. E. French, of Omaha. 

Grand Master-at-Arms — Gabriel Rargorshek, of Plattsmouth. 

Grand Inner Guard — G. Pratt, of Humboldt. 

Grand Outer Guard — Fritz Sengpill, of West Point. 

Supreme Representatives — John J. Monell, Jr., and J. S. Shrop- 
shire. 

E. E. French, of Omaha, has held the office of G. K. of R. 
and S. continuously from the organization of the Grand Lodge 
to the present time. This is a deserved compliment to one of 
the most faithful and efficient officers in the Grand Jurisdiction 
of Nebraska. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 387 

The Grand Jurisdiction of Ohio. 

fT^HROUGH the courtesy of the Grand Keeper of Records and 
Seal of this Grand Jurisdiction, we learn that the Grand 
Lodge of Ohio was instituted at Columbus, Ohio, by S. C. 
Read, on July 9, 1869. The following were the first officers, 
to wit : Henry Lindenberg, V. G. P. ; C. H. Russell, G. C. ; 
William B. Kennedy, G. V. C. ; Joseph Dowdall, G. R. and C. 
S. ; George B. Means, G. B. ; Charles H. Babcock, G. G. ; E. 
T. Haines, G. I. S. ; C. B. Ridgway, G. O. S. 

The present number of active Lodges in the State of Ohio is 
156. There is a wide-awake interest manifested in the State that 
bids fair to continue and intensify. During the year 1882 the 
net increase in membership throughout the Jurisdiction was 1,772, 
and that for the first half of the present year — that is, for the 
term ending June 1, 1883 — shows a net increase of 1,003, mak- 
ing the aggregate membership on July 1, 1883, stand at 10,020. 
The total receipts of Subordinate Lodges, since the organiza- 
tion of the Grand Lodge to December 31, 1882, have been $615,- 
150.44, and the total expenditures during the same period, 
$528,534.71. The sum of $83,681.34 has been expended for 
relief of Knights, and for relief of widowed families $12,868.05 
has been paid, as well as the sum of $15,385.45 for the burial of 
the dead. The sum total paid for relief up to December 31, 
1882, is the magnificent sum of $111,934.84. The amount on 
hand December 31, 1882, including cash invested, $87,789.77, 
and the amount in the Widows' and Orphans' Fund, $4,414.10. 
With such a report, it is almost needless to say that it would re- 
quire a very severe blow to retard the Order in Ohio or to check 
its onward growth. 

The Endowment Rank, for some unexplained reason, has not 
been as popular in Ohio as it has in some of our sister Grand 
Jurisdictions. 31 Sections have been instituted in the State, 
only 27 of which are now in existence, with an average member- 
ship in the first and second classes of about 20. The Uniform 
Rank, on the contrary, has been received with more favor in the 
State. 34 Divisions have been instituted, and with one excep- 



388 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

tion they are all in existence to-day. The aggregate membership 
is 1,200, being an average of about 40 to the Division. The 
Grand Division of Ohio was organized on October 26, 1882, 
.in the city of Columbus, by Special Deputy Supreme Chancellor 
Howard Douglass. The present corps of officers is as follows, to 
wit : 

Past Grand Chancellor — James F. Shumate, of No. 108, Ur- 
bana. 

Grand Chancellor — W. B. Ritchie, of No. 91, Lima. 

Grand Vice Chancellor — James S. Beans, of No. 1, Steuben- 
ville. 

Grand Prelate — Daniel Knerr, of No. 83, Dayton. 

Grand Master of Exchequer — J. W. Coles, of No. $3, Spring- 
field. 

Grand Keeper of Records and Seal — Edward J. Dowdall, of 
No. 3, Columbus. 

Grand Master- at- Arms — N. P. Robbins, of No. 86, Fostoria. 

Grand Inner Guard — Will. K. Radcliffe, of No. 10, Cleveland. 

Grand Outer Guard — E. W. Stephenson, of No. 80, Tiffin. 

Supreme Representatives — Howard Douglass, of No. 21, Cin- 
cinnati, and M. E. Kuhn, No. 21, Cincinnati. 

The next Grand Lodge will be held at Canton, Stark county, 
on the fourth Tuesday in May, 1884. 



The Grand Jurisdiction of West Virginia. 

THE Grand Lodge of this State was instituted at the Hall of 
Morgan Lodge, No. 4, Berkeley Springs, on the 5th of 
July, 1869, by Supreme Chancellor Read, assisted by 
Deputy Grand Chancellor Chas. H. Edgecourt, and P. C. Rev. 
Wm. Gerhart, of Washington Lodge. No. 1. The Grand Lodge 
officers for the first term were as follows, to wit : Wm. Gerhart, 
of Washington Lodge, No. 1, G. V. P. ; Chas. H. Edgecourt, 
of same Lodge, G. C. ; J. Hope Sutor, of Damon Lodge, No. 
5, V. G. C. ; J. Rufus Smith, of Morgan Lodge, No. 4, G. R. 
and C. S. ; John F. Smith, of Jefferson Lodge, No. 2, G. B. ; 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 389 

J. M. Miller, of Baltimore Lodge, No. 6, G. G. ; J. H. McAttee, 
of Lafayette Lodge, No. 3, G. I. S. ; Henry Willard, of Morgan 
Lodge, No. 4, G. O. S. The present membership in West Vir- 
ginia is 803, showing a net gain of 80 during the past year. 
There are 20 Lodges in the State, and the condition of the Order 
is excellent, — the future prospects never better. There is but 
one Section of the Endowment Rank, and that is located at 
Piedmont, and one Division of the Uniform Rank, located at 
Wheeling. The Uniform Rank is regarded with great favor 
throughout this Grand Jurisdiction. 

The total receipts from Subordinate Lodges are $5,689.48. 
The total expenditures were $5,038.11. The total amount paid 
out for relief of widows and orphans was $57.50, whilst the 
aggregate amount paid out for relief of Knights was $2,271.98. 
The total amount on hand is $5,404.42. The amount expended 
for burial of the dead was $210. The present Grand Officers 
are as follows, to wit : 

Past Grand Chancellor — W. F. Heaton, of Hope Lodge, 
No. 10. 

Grand Chancellor — A. B. Doane, of Evening Star Lodge, 
No. 18. 

Grand Vice Chancellor — Thos. J. Bennett, of Black Prince 
Lodge, No. 19. 

Grand Prelate — W. C. Raleigh, of Hope Lodge, No. 10. 

Grand Master of Exchequer — John F. Smith, of Jefferson 
Lodge, No. 2. 

Grand Keeper of Records and Seal — J. Rufus Smith, of Paw 
Paw Lodge, No. 12. 

Grand Master-at-Arms — E. E. Post, Mystic Lodge, No. 24. 

Grand Inside Guardian — W. C. Shives, Paw Paw Lodge, 
No. 12. 

Grand Outside Guardian — W. F. Poe, of Friendship Lodge, 
No. 8. 

Supreme Representatives — Manor Jenkins, of Lafayette Lodge, 
No. 3, and James H. Stout, of Friendship Lodge, No. 8. 
33* 



390 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS. 

The Grand Jurisdiction of Illinois. 

THIS Grand Lodge was instituted on February 4, 1870, at 
Chicago, by Supreme Chancellor Read. The first officers 
installed were as follows, to wit : John W. Kester, of No. 
4, V. G. P. \ Henry C. Berry, of No. 4, G. C. • F. Buchman, 
of No. 2, G. V. C. ; A. C. Greenbaum, of No. 2, G. R. and 
C. S. ; W. H. Poyson, of No. 3, G. B. ; J. G. Sprague, of No. 
1, G. G. ; M. Moorman, of No. 7, G. I. S. ; W. H. Bennett, 
of No. 3, G. O. S. 

There are at present 84 active working Lodges in this Grand 
Jurisdiction, and the present condition is good and future pros- 
pects are excellent. There are 27 Sections of the Endowment 
Rank and 10 Divisions of the Uniform Rank, all in active opera- 
tion. The Uniform Rank is held in high esteem, and is con- 
stantly increasing in popularity amongst the Knights in this 
State. The membership is 5,133, and is composed of the best 
elements of society in the various localities where Lodges are 
organized. There was a net gain of 718 during the past year. 

The total receipts by Subordinate Lodges to the present time 
are $24,587.80, and the total expenditures for same time are 
$16,326.54. The amount on hand and discreetly invested is 
$59,263.04. The investments consist in cash, loans, Lodge 
property, and halls. The aggregate amount of cash paid out for 
relief of Knights and widowed families is $7,814.78. The total 
amount paid out for burials was $2,114.65. The present board 
of officers are as follows : 

Past Grand Chancellor— -W '. R. McCormick, of No. 18. 

Grand Chancellor— A. J. Wemple, of No. 73. 

Grand Vice Chancellor — Frank M. Burroughs, of No. 25. 

Grand Prelate — James B. Ricks, of No. 64. 

Grand Keeper of Records and Seal— -H. P. Caldwell, of No. 4. 

Grand Master of Exchequer — John Gabrielle, of No. 3. 

Grand Master-at- Arms — Ed. N. Dangerfield, of No. 105. 

Grand Inside Guardian — James W. Patterson, of No. 39.- 

Grand Outside Guardian — Wm. F. Beck, of No. 52. 

Supreme Representatives — E. C. Race and Geo. W. Herdman. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 39 1 

The Grand Jurisdiction of Minnesota. 

THE Order was introduced, in the spring of 1870, into the 
North Star State by Brother Knight Jacob H. Heisser, who 
had been initiated in Marion Lodge, No. 1, Indianapolis, 
Ind. Removing shortly afterwards to Minneapolis, Minn., he 
became acquainted with Knight David Royal, of Lafayette Lodge, 
Wilmington, Del., and Knight J. N. Nidwood, of Trenton, New 
Jersey. The combined efforts of these enthusiastic members 
soon procured the necessary applicants and paraphernalia req- 
uisite for the new organization. The Supreme Chancellor, 
Samuel Read, then travelling in the interest of the Order in Iowa, 
was called upon to institute Minneapolis, No. 1, at Minneapolis, 
the first Lodge in the State. The event came off on the evening 
of the nth of July, 1870. Brother Heisser was elected P. C, 
Brother Royal C. C, and H. A. Smith K. of R. and S. The Su- 
preme Chancellor appointed Brother Heisser Deputy Grand 
Chancellor of the State. Under his administration the follow- 
ing new Lodges were organized : Eureka, No. 2, St. Anthony 
Falls, August 30, 1870; Pioneer, No. 3, St. Paul, February 8, 
1871 ; Germania, No. 4, Minneapolis; Damon, No. 5, Minneap- 
olis. In September, 1871, Brother Heisser removed to his old 
home, New York city, and Brother J. S. Walker was commis- 
sioned Deputy Grand Chancellor. During Walker's adminis- 
tration, Scandia Lodge, No. 6, was instituted, at Minneapolis. 
On the 2 2d of November, 1871, in the city of Minneapolis, the 
Grand Lodge was organized by Samuel Read, S. C, and the 
following officers elected : 

Grand Venerable Patriarch — Dr. A. A. Ames. 

Grand Chancellor — R. B. Squires. 

Grand Recording and Corresponding Scribe — G. Plumley. 

Grand Banker — J. H. Rippe. 

Grand Guide — D. S. Sayler. 

Grand Inner Steward — H. M. Martin. 

Grand Outer Steward — P. J. E. Clementson. 

Supreme Representatives — John S. Walker and T. L. Curtis. 

The successive Grand Chancellors of the State have been : 



392 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

1871-72, Theodore Welsh, Minneapolis; 1873, E. W. Durant, 
Stillwater; 1874, B. G. Merry, Stillwater; 1875, B. G. Merry, 
Stillwater; 1876, Dr. A. J. Stone, St. Paul. 

Stillwater Lodge, No. 7, Stillwater, Minn., was instituted in 
1872, through the efforts of Bro. R. O. Ricker, of Quindaro 
Lodge, Lawrence, Mass. Minnesota Lodge, No. 8, Anoka, 
Minn., was instituted Dec. 26, 1872, through the personal efforts 
of Supreme Rep. T. L. Curtis. The charter members were : 
M. V. Bean, O. S. Cutter, C. K. Cutter, D. C. Dunkham, A. L. 
Peters, J. H. Cook, W. F. Chase, H. E. Lepper, T. E. Brad- 
* bury, W. W. Fitch, N. B. Sheldon. Okada, No. 9, instituted at 
St. Paul, March 29, 1874; Hobah, No. 10, instituted at Le 
Suer, 1874; Schiller, No. 11, instituted at St. Paul, Jan., 1875; 
-North Star, No. 12, instituted at Elk River, 1876. 

The Past Grand Chancellors of the State are : Jacob H. Heis- 
ser, Minneapolis; Theodore Welsh, Minneapolis; A. J. Mea- 
cham, Minneapolis ; Dr. C. S. H. Blecher, Minneapolis ; Dr. 
B. G. Merry, Stillwater; E. W. Durant, Stillwater; A. B. Curry, 
St. Paul ; O. Whitman, Red Wing. 

The Minn. K. P. Mutual Benefit Association. 

This institution was organized during the month of June, 1876, 
and incorporated June 13, 1876, under the laws of the State. 
Under the stimulus of this new feature the Order is progressing 
in the several towns. There are upwards of a hundred already 
on the books in the city of Minneapolis. The officers of the 
association are as follows : E. McDermot, President ; Dr. A. 
Ortman, Vice-President ; J. H. Heisser, Secretary ; Geo. H. 
Johnson, Treasurer ; Dr. A. A. Ames, Medical Director. 

LOSSES. 

During the fall of 1874, the Order in Minnesota suffered a 
severe loss by the burning of their Castle Hall. With a deter- 
mined effort a new Hall was secured, and over a thousand dol- 
lars expended to fit the same up in a becoming manner. The 
combined efforts of the four Lodges had the desired effect, and 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 393 

the handsomely furnished Pythian Hall they now occupy was 
appropriately dedicated by the Grand Lodge officers to Pythian 
uses a few months after. It is only occupied by the Order, and 
is indeed a home. 

DEATHS. 

The Grand Jurisdiction has during its thirteen years of existence 
lost but seven or eight members. Among these, however, were the 
distinguished and well known P. G. C.'s Dr. A. A. Ames, T. L. 
Curtis, and John S. Walker, all of Minneapolis. They died re- 
gretted by the entire Order, and were buried with its forms and 
ceremonies. 

PARADES. 

Every fall the members have their annual parade, and a goodly 
number always turn out, in the attractive uniform of the Order. 
The jurisdiction is fast uniforming throughout the State. 

The present membership of Minnesota is 1,250, being a net 
gain for 1883 of 100. The present number of Lodges is 21. 
There are 5 Sections of the Endowment Rank and 2 Divisions 
of the Uniform Rank. The Uniform Rank is popular among 
the Knights of this Grand Jurisdiction. The prospects of the 
Order in this State are very good, and the present condition is 
excellent. The Grand Lodge received $1,125 fr° m Subordinate 
Lodges of the State, and the Subordinate Lodges received $12,000 
during the past year. The total expenditures of the Subordinate 
Lodges were $9,000, and the amount on hand at the present time 
is $8,000 in cash, and the sum of $10,000, which is invested 
largely in Lodge paraphernalia, etc., etc. The amount paid out 
for relief of widowed families in 1883 was $250, and for relief 
of Knights $900, and $350 was paid out for the burial of the 
dead. Three live, healthy, growing Lodges take the place of 
three sickly ones, which never should have been instituted. The 
Knights of Minneapolis have a large hall, on a twenty years' 
lease, and furnished at an expense of nearly $3,000. The present 
Grand Lodge officers are as follows, to wit : 



394 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

Grand Chancellor — Ozias Whitman, Red Wing. 

Grand Vice Chancellor — William P. Murray, St. Paul. 

Grand Prelate — F. S. McDonald, Minneapolis. 

Grand Keeper of Records and Seal — Ed. H. Stevens, Minne- 
apolis. 

Grand Master of Exchequer — Ezra B. Ames, Minneapolis. 

Grand Master-at-Arms — J. K. Miller, Wadena. 

Grand Inner Guard — H. C. Whitney, Fergus Falls. 

Grand Outer Guard — E. P. Thompson, Minneapolis. 

Grand Trustees — Charles Weber, St. Paul ; H. M. Martin, 
Minneapolis, and Henry H. Hopper, Minneapolis. 

Past Grand Chancellor — D. C. Dunham, Anoka. 

Supreme Representatives — Ozias Whitman, E. W. B. Harvey. 



The Grand Jurisdiction of New Hampshire. 

THE Grand Lodge was instituted at the city of Manchester, 
on the 20th of October, 1870. Past Supreme Chancellor 
Samuel Read and District Deputy Grand Chancellor O. W. 
Young, of Massachusetts, were present. The charter members 
were V. G. P. Moses A. Perkins ; G. C. Stillman S. Davis ; V. 
G. C. Joseph T. S. Libby; G. R. and C. S. Joseph L. Dow; 
G. B. Samuel F. Murray. Six Lodges were represented. G. G. 
Charles H. Nickey, G. I. S. Frank E. Hart, and G. O. S. John 
O. Davis completed the list of Grand Officers. The first regu- 
lar session of the Grand Lodge was held at Exeter, February 
-9, 187 1, when 8 Lodges were represented. We glean the fol- 
lowing sentiments from the report of the Grand Chancellor to 
the Grand Lodge at its second annual session : 

Brethren : — I have endeavored to give you a report of my official acts,, also 
a statement of the present condition of the Order in New Hampshire. When 
I assumed the duties and responsibilities of this office, the Grand Lodge had 
but the frame-work of an organization. Everything was to be put in work- 
ing order before labor in the broad field could be begun. The full equip- 
ment of the Grand Lodge was to be supplied, and this without funds or 
credit. Some of you know the difficulties to be overcome and the embar- 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 395 

rassments of my position. But only those who assumed the task can fully 
appreciate it. I have endeavored to lay the foundation deep, that we might 
safely build a solid superstructure. When I assumed the position of Grand 
Chancellor there were but 6 working Lodges, and some of them were weak. 
Now we have 13 Lodges, many of them strong in numbers, in financial stand- 
ing, and in intellectual ability. During the past year our membership has 
nearly doubled. We are no longer looked upon as a frail and fleeting body, 
for the tree seems to have sent its roots deep into the earth, giving life, 
strength, and beauty to the massive trunk which shoots forth its spreading 
branches, proffering shade and shelter to the weary traveller. We want the 
world to feel that our aims are noble, and worthy of the united support of all 
good men; that we seek to bless mankind, soothe their sorrows, make bright 
desolate homes, watch by the bedside of the sick, educate the orphan, and do 
unto all as we would have them do to us. We seek to bind in bonds of unity 
and love all nations and kindreds of the earth, and teach and practise true 
friendship to all. Past Chancellors and Brothers, I thank you for the honor 
you have conferred upon me, by placing me in this position of trust and au- 
thority. You know it was unsolicited on my part, and this thought makes 
the recollection of the past pleasant. And now, in the words of another, " I 
bring back to you the gauntlet and truncheon of authority to its proper custo- 
dians," trusting you will find it neither broken nor tarnished, but bright and 
unsullied, to adorn him whom you shall this day elect as my successor. 

Respectfully submitted, 

S. S. Davis, Grand Chancellor. 
Pythian Hall, Concord, Feb. 8, 1872. 

The following extract, taken from the very able report of 
Hon. Frank E. Rollins, G. C. for 1876, will prove of general 
interest to the fraternity. This entire report is full of excellent 
doctrine and accurate historical statements, and clearly reveals 
to the reader the fact that the brother is an active, zealous, and 
intelligent Knight, and would be an ornament to any Grand 
Jurisdiction : 

Another year, with its silent changes and startling events, its gilded hopes 
and gloomy fears, its mercies and chastisements, expectations and disap- 
pointments for weal and for woe, has passed away, and we are once more 
permitted to meet in annual convention. It is the pleasure of the Supreme 
Ruler of the universe that we should again assemble, that we might extend 
to each other once more the warm hand of fellowship, and work together for 
the good of the Order in this our Grand Jurisdiction. After a year's separa- 
tion we are again united to meet in peace and harmony ; and while we re- 



39^ THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

view the labors of the past, and deliberate and consider for the future, let 
our acts be characterized by wisdom and prudence. 

It is well, my brothers, thus occasionally to withdraw from the busy cares 
of life, and divert the train of thought into more pleasurable channels. 
From these reunions we gather fresh strength with which to go forth to our 
knightly work of friendship, charity, and benevolence, our shields bright- 
ened, and our courage renewed and strengthened. 

During the past year death has entered our council and stricken from our* 
roll of existence one worthy brother, Past Chancellor Oliver H. Copeland, 
of Pioneer Lodge, No. I. We miss him from our circle to-day. Called by 
a summons which none can evade, he has gone to rest. 

" And while the widow's tears we dry, 
Or raise a brother from despair, 
Or hush the homeless orphan's cry, 
May love's expanding care 
Embrace humanity." 

I would here recommend that a committee be appointed at this session to 
draft a series of resolutions expressive of our feelings, and that a copy be 
forwarded to the family of our departed brother. 

It affords me great satisfaction to report to you the very prosperous condi- 
tion of the Order throughout our Grand Jurisdiction. There is not that epi- 
demic enthusiasm which characterized it in some of the earlier years of its 
existence, but its growth generally is natural and steady. The additions to 
our membership during the past year have not been very much in excess of 
the losses from all causes; but these losses, which have been principally from 
withdrawals and suspensions, are not to be regretted, for as a general thing 
they are only the drones, who have grown tired of our noble work and have 
been driven out, and our institution has been rendered more substantial by 
striking their names from the rolls. 

I should do injustice to the feelings of a grateful heart, should I close this 
report without an expression of my warmest thanks for the uniform kindness 
and respect which I have received from every officer and member of this 
Grand Lodge, as well as from every brother Knight throughout the jurisdic- 
tion, with whom the duties of my office have brought me into communica- 
tion. I shall cherish the remembrance of your courtesy and friendship 
through life, and shall strive to cement the friendship which it has been my 
happiness to form with you by a firm adherence to the great principles of our 
Order and their knightly virtues. Four years ago, by your suffrages, I was 
elected to a subordinate office in this Grand body, and each year you have 
seen fit to advance me to positions of more responsibility, until I now retire 
from the highest office of this Grand Lodge. I have endeavored to discharge 
the duties of these offices to the best of my ability, hoping and trusting I 
have given no offence to any one. I may have committed many errors; it is 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BO'OK. 397 

human to err, to forgive is divine. If such is the case, they have been errors 
of the head and not of the heart. And without any hesitation whatever, I 
am free to confess that my affection for the Order has been strengthened by a 
more thorough knowledge of its principles and a better appreciation of its 
spirit than I had heretofore attained. 

With earnest prayers for its prosperity, and the happiness here and here- 
after of all of its members, I commend you to the care of a loving Father. 
May we all meet in that Castle Hall above, where there is no more parting, but 
all is joy and peace. May God bless you, Brothers. 
Fraternally submitted, 

Frank E. Rollins, Grand Chancellor. 



On January 1, 1877, there were 18 Lodges, with a member- 
ship of 861. 

On the 1 st of December, 1883, tne number of Lodges was 
increased to 23, with a total membership of 1,506, the net gain 
for the year ending December 31, 1882, being 109. There are 
now 13 Sections of the Endowment Rank in this State, and 
one in Vermont, making a total of 14 Sections to the 23 Lodges. 
This feature of the Order is held in high esteem by the mem- 
bers, and contributes not a little to its success. There are no 
Divisions of the Uniform Rank in New Hampshire, although the 
Knights are favorably disposed towards it. They have, how- 
ever, drill clubs in many of the Lodges, and have had several 
public parades in uniform, which have received high commen- 
dation from the public and members. 

The total receipts of the Subordinate Lodges for 1882 were $10,- 
664. 1 7, and the total expenditures for the same period of time were 
$9,298.89. The total amount on hand, mostly invested in bonds 
and savings-banks, is $11,053.59. For the first four yearsof the 
existence of the Grand Lodge, the total amount expended for re- 
lief was $13,065.99. Since that time, and to January 1, 1883, 
the amount expended for the relief of widowed families was 
$204.64, for the relief of Knights, $14,232.01, and for burial 
of the dead, $3,549.25, making a grand total of $19,351.89 paid 
out for relief, or an average of $1,488.61 per year. These 
figures show that our professions are not mere idle talk, but that 
the Knights of New Hampshire are indeed ready to extend the 
34 



398 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

strong hand of sympathy to the distressed. The present Grand 
Lodge officers are as follows, to wit : 

Past Grand Chancellor — Geo. P. Appleton. 

Grand Chancellor — A. T. Pinkham. 

Grand Vice Chancellor — John M. Haines. 

Grand Prelate — Frank D. Woodbury. 

Grand Master of Exchequer — Curtis White. 

Grand Keeper of Records and Seal — Frank J. Pillsbury. 

Grand Master-at-Arms — Chas. A. Bagley. 

Grand Inner Guard — Wm. H. Dixon. 

Grand Outer Guard — S. F. Wells. 

Supreme Representatives — Chas. M. Lang and F. W. McKin- 
ley. 

Twenty of the Lodges are in New Hampshire and three in 
Vermont, which State was placed under that jurisdiction by the 
Supreme Lodge in 1878. The present condition is very pros- 
perous, and the future prospects for the Order were never more 
encouraging than now. 

The "weeding" process has been going on for some years 
past, and the membership now comprises men of the best char- 
acter in the communities wherein they reside. 



The Grand Jurisdiction of Rhode Island. 

THE Order in this State owes its introduction to P. G. C. 
Daniel N. Paine, of Woonsocket, who, on his return from 
a journey to California, where he had been instructed in 
the mysteries of the three Ranks, took active steps for the or- 
ganization of a Lodge in Woonsocket, in which he was success- 
ful, Myrtle Lodge, No. 1, being instituted by Supreme Chan- 
cellor Samuel Read, on the evening of April 28, 1870. Supreme 
Chancellor Read was a long-time friend of Bro. Paine, and insti- 
tuted the Lodge in person. When he arrived at Providence on 
the 26th of April, he found a body of men in readiness to be 
organized as Union Lodge, No. 2, and, to save time and" travel, 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 399 

and as the brethren at Woonsocket had not quite perfected their 
arrangements, Union Lodge, No. 2, was accordingly instituted 
on the evening of April 26, 1870. This explains why No. 2 was 
instituted two days prior to No. 1. P. G. C. James H. Barney 
was appointed D. G. C. of the State, and matters sailed along 
smoothly and quietly with the brethren until about the com- 
mencement of 1 87 1, when indications pointed strongly to an 
increase in the number of Lodges in the jurisdiction. Union 
Lodge, often called the " mother of the Lodges," had assumed 
matronly proportions ; the time was ripe for the advent of new 
branches of the parent tree, and on the 18th of January, 1871, 
Damon Lodge, No. 3, was instituted at Providence amid much 
enthusiasm. The next evening Washington Lodge, No. 4, of 
Central Falls, was added to the number, and after a brief inter- 
val, Eureka Lodge, No. 5, was instituted at Pawtucket on the 
evening of January 30, thus making the requisite number for 
the formation of a Grand Lodge, which was accordingly insti- 
tuted at Providence on the 17th day of February, 187 1, and of 
Pythian Period the 7th, by Supreme Chancellor Samuel Read 
and Grand Venerable Patriarch Wilbur H. Myers, the following 
named officers being elected and formally installed : 

Grand Ve?ierable Patriarch — Lysander Flagg. 

Grand Chancellor — Clarence T. Gardner. 

Grand Vice Chancellor — John F. Driscoll. 

Grand Recording and Corresponding Scribe — N. R. Tilton. 

Grand Banker — Daniel N. Paine. 

Grand Guide — William F. Easton. 

Grand Inner Steward — C. T. Peterson. 
^jGrand Outer Steward — A. B. Gardiner. 

To the strong common sense, energy, enthusiasm, and fine 
executive abilities of Grand Chancellor Gardner, the Order in 
this State owes much of the marked success which has attended 
it ; the work he accomplished making it comparatively easy for 
the future labors of his successors in office. Under his admin- 
istration the following named Lodges were instituted : 

St. John's, No. 6, Olneyville, March 9, 1871 ; John Milton, 
No. 7, Providence, March 13, 1871 ; Narragansett, No. 8, River 



400 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

Point, June 28. 1871 ; Oriental, No. 9, Providence, July 31, 
1871 ; Hope, No. 10, Anthony, August 17, 1871 ; Redwood, 
No. 11, Newport, September 7, 1871 ; Crusader, No. 12, Provi- 
dence, January 24, 1872 ; St. Elmo, No. 13, Peacedale, 1872. 

Grand Chancellor Gardner was re-elected for a second term 
in February, 1872, but resigned the office the following May, 
and P. G. C. James B. Brayton, of Newport, was elected for 
the remainder of the term. Under his administration St. 
George Lodge, No. 14, was instituted at Providence, June 19, 
1872. 

In February, 1873, P- G. C. Hiram L. Howard, of Eureka 
Lodge, of Pawtucket, was elected Grand Chancellor, filling the 
office for two terms, during which time the two remaining 
Lodges were instituted, viz. : Herman (German), No. 15, at 
Providence, October 13, 1873, an d Ivanhoe, No. 16, at Paw- 
tucket, February 12, 1874. 

In February, 1875, P- G-. C. Charles A. Lee, of Ivanhoe 
Lodge, of Pawtucket, was elected Grand Chancellor, and hav- 
ing acceptably filled the position for the term, during a long 
period of depression in business, and consequently a barren 
season for the extension of the Order, was re-elected at the next 
annual session of the Grand Lodge. 

From the foregoing, it will be seen that in less than six 
months from the formation of the Grand Lodge, the number of 
Subordinate Lodges was doubled. 

The present number of Lodges is 11, with a membership of 
839, being a net gain of 62 for the term ending June 30, 
1883. There are two Sections of the Endowment Rank in this 
Grand Jurisdiction, and one Division of the Uniform Rank, 
with another nearly ready for institution. The condition of the 
Order is excellent, and although our membership is not so great 
as at one time, it is entirely composed of good, substantial 
members. The prospects are encouraging, and all that can be 
desired. Nearly every Lodge in the State is receiving addi- 
tions, and all Lodges are making fine progress throughout the 
jurisdiction. 

The total receipts by Subordinate Lodges are $103,500.09, 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 4OI 

and total expenditures $96,970.77. The amount on hand and 
invested in savings-banks, bonds, mortgages, etc., is $6,529.32. 
The aggregate amount paid out for relief of widowed families 
and Knights, and burial of the dead, is $15,807.15. 

There is in connection with the Order in the State of Rhode 
Island, a State Sick Benefit Association, whose benefits can be 
enjoyed by all Knights in good standing. It pays one dollar 
per day during sickness. The money is raised by assessments, 
and disbursed by the Board of Management, consisting of G. C, 
G. V. C., G. M. of E., G. K. of R. and S., and a director from 
each Lodge. It was organized December 23, 1879, an d now 
numbers 300 and over. The average assessment for a year 
amounts to $4.50, and the Association has paid during that time 
$3,148 to over 150 different members. So far it has proved a 
grand success, and, with proper care and watchfulness on the 
part of the Board of Management, will continue on in its good 
work and afford relief to the brethren at a time when, if ever, 
relief is needed. The present Grand Lodge officers are as fol- 
lows, to wit : 

Past Grand Chancellor — Benj. H. Child. 

Grand Chancellor — Fred. J. Smith. 

Grand Vice Chancellor — Alexander B. Gladding. 

Grand Prelate — James M. Washburn. 

Grand Master of Exchequer — John Gallington. 

Grand Keeper of Records and Seal — William A. Wilson. 

Grand Master-at-Arms — Charles A. Morgan. 

THE "WOMAN QUESTION." 

The idea of establishing a "Side Degree" to our Order for 
women, is not unfavorably received in this jurisdiction ; but in 
our opinion, and in the opinion of others, the time is not yet 
come for such an addition, and the question of its establishment 
here, if adopted by the Supreme Lodge, is one that the future 
alone can determine. 

Personally speaking, the Grand Chancellor is not an advocate of 
the idea, and the subject was never strongly agitated in this State. 
34* 2 A 



402 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

The Grand Jurisdiction of South Carolina. 

THE first Lodge of the Order in this State was organized at 
Charleston, in the year 1870, and was known as Palmetto 
Lodge, No. 1. From this time the Order began to in- 
crease, and on March 12, 1872, a Grand Lodge was instituted 
at Charleston. Thereafter the Order continued to prosper, un- 
til the latter part of the year 1874, when the prospects began to 
grow gloomy, and the interest seemed to die out. In the month 
of February, 1875, tne Grand Chancellor was compelled to sus- 
pend 6 out of the 7 Lodges, and the Grand Lodge of the State 
was virtually dissolved. There was then a visitation from Su- 
preme Chancellor S. S. Davis, when there was but one Lodge in 
good standing in the State, being Myrtle, No. 3, at Columbia. 
The Supreme Chancellor formally declared the Grand Lodge 
of South Carolina disbanded. 

In 1877, Stonewall Lodge, No. 6, was reorganized at Charles- 
ton, with a small membership, and led a precarious sort of 
existence until 1880, when the prospects of the Order grew 
brighter, and have continued to do so up to the present writing. 
As against 63 members and 2 Lodges in 1878, there were at the 
close of the term ending December 31, 1883, 287 members 
and 4 Lodges, with 3 Sections of the Endowment Rank. The 
future prospects of the Order are excellent. The drones have 
been driven from the hive, and only such material as will prove 
of credit to the Order is now sought for. The Grand Lodge 
will be reorganized in the near future, and South Carolina will 
again be represented in the Supreme legislative and judicial 
tribunal of the Order. 



The Grand Jurisdiction of Georgia. 

THE Grand Lodge was instituted in Georgia on March 20, 
1 87 1, at Savannah, by Supreme Chancellor Read. The 
following named Knights composed the first board of 
Grand Lodge officers, to wit: W. H. Bourne, of No. 1, V. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 403 

G. P. ; D. B. Woodruff, of No. 3, G. C. ; W. J. Goodrich, of 
No. 2, V. G. C. ; C. J. Stroberg, of No. 3, G. R. and C. S. ; 
W. C. Remshart, of No. 5, G. B. ; Geo. C. Lewis, of ^o. 4, 
G. G. ; W. V. Sarvis, No. 1, G. 0. S. ; F. P. Brown, No. 6, 
G. I. S. 

There are at present 1 1 Lodges in the State, and the Order is 
in a flourishing condition, with brilliant prospects for the future. 
There are several Sections of the Endowment Rank, with one 
Division of the Uniform Rank. The Uniform Rank is regarded 
with great favor by all Knights in Georgia, and there is a pros- 
pect of three additional Divisions being formed at an early date. 
The membership is now 604, being a net gain for the past year 
of 122. 

The total receipts from subordinate Lodges for term ending 
June 30, 1883, were $348.50, the total expenditures for same 
time being $2,652.34. The amount on hand, invested in va- 
rious ways, $2,396.56. There has been expended for relief of 
Brothers' families and of Knights the sum of $1,425.50. 

One new Lodge has been instituted during the present term, 
and application for another has been received. The order has 
more brilliant prospects for the future than at any time since 
first instituted in this State. The present board of officers is as 
follows, to wit : 

Past Grand Chancellor — J. H. Hurtz, of No. 3, Macon. 

Grand Chancellor — John T. Dixon, of No. 20, Atlanta. 

Grand Vice Chancellor — W. Berrien Burroughs, of No. 24, 

Brunswick. 

* 

Grand Prelate — Henry Banks, Jr., of No. 22, La Grange. 
Grand Master of Exchequer — M. M. Hill, of No. 2. Augusta. 
Grand Keeper of Records and Seal — J. M. Hunnicutt, of No. 
20. 

Grand Master- at- Arms — S. C. Lee, of No. 6, Savannah. 
Grand Inner Guard — T. F. Thompson, of No. 8, Savannah. 
Grand Outer Guard — Julius Prager, of No. 2, Augusta. 



404 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

The Grand Jurisdiction of Michigan. 

OLYMPIC Lodge, No. i, Knights of Pythias, was instituted 
by P. G. C. Riley, of Chicago, 111., acting as D. S. C, with 
W. S. Wood as P. C, and Ben. Vonor as C. C, in the 
city of Detroit, on March 14, 187 1. Past Chancellor Wood 
is still a member of No. 1, and is the oldest P. C. in Michigan. 
About May, 1872, this Lodge ceased working, through a lack of 
attention on the part of the members; but on August 15, 
1872, Supreme Chancellor Berry came to Detroit and reorgan- 
ized Olympic Lodge with a membership of 15. Eureka Lodge, 
No. 2, at Grand Rapids ; Damon, No. 3 ; Myrtle, No. 4, and 
Peninsular, No. 5, all of Detroit, soon followed, and on the 
19th of February, 1873, Supreme Chancellor Berry, aided by 
P. G. C. John J. Healy and P. C. John H. Hanie, were sum- 
moned to institute the Grand Lodge of this State, at Detroit, 
with the following Grand Officers, to wit : 

Venerable Grand Patriarch — Alexander Gardner, Jr., No. 3. 

Grand Chancellor — Wm. J. Long, No. 2. 

Vice Grand Chancellor—]. J. Mulheron, No. 5. 

Grand R. and C. Scribe — Charles Bradley Benedict, No. 2. 

Grand Banker — E. J. Pierce, No. 4. 

Grand Guide — James Esdale, No. 1. 

Grand Inner Steward — George J. McCurley, No. 1. 

Grand Outer Steward — John M. Buzzo, No. 5. 

There are at present 36 Lodges in the Grand Jurisdiction of 
Michigan, and their present condition and future prospects were 
never better. During the last year 9 new Lodges were added to 
the roster in the State, and so far this year 4 more, with fair 
prospects of greater increase this year than ever before. The 
material of which these new Lodges is composed is of the best 
quality. The membership at the last session of the Grand 
Lodge was 1,574, being a net gain of 321 for the past year. The 
receipts of the Grand Lodge for the last fiscal year ending July 
1, 1883, were $2,143.20. The total expenditures of the Sub- 
ordinate Lodges are $8,950.28. The amount on hand, or in- 
vested in good securities, is $10,106.35. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 405 

The Grand Jurisdiction of Missouri. 

THIS Grand Lodge was organized at Saint Louis, July 7, 
1 87 1, by Gen. Samuel Read, Supreme Chancellor of the 
World. The first Grand Lodge Officers were as follows, to 
wit: Dr. Geo. B. Birch, (V. P.) P. G. C., physician; W. H. H. 
Russell, G. C., attorney-at-law ; Chas. D. Lucas, G. V. C., at- 
torney-at-law ; P. H. Bierman, (G. S.) G. K. of R. and S., in- 
surance agent; Thomas Phelan, (G. B.) G. M. of E., merchant; 
Chas. M. Kendall, (G. Guide) G. M. at A. ; Edward Nolan, (G. I. 
Steward) G. I. G. ; Jacob Rawack, (G. O. Steward) G. O. G. 

The number of Lodges now reporting is 71, with 27 Sections 
in Endowment Rank, and 11 Divisions in the Uniform Rank. 
The Uniform Rank is regarded in this Jurisdiction with much 
favor, and Divisions elicit hearty encomiums whenever they ap- 
pear in public. Our present number shows 4,400, being a net 
gain for the past year of 750. Our total receipts by Subor- 
dinate Lodges, from date of institution to June 30, 1883, is 
$217,034.33. The amount paid out for relief of widows and 
orphans, and for burial of dead, and other charitable purposes, 
from date of institution to June 30, 1883, is $32,961.13. 
The total expenditures of the Subordinate Lodges from organi- 
zation of Grand Lodge to June 30, 1883, * s $184,308.89. 
The amount of cash on hand and invested by Subordinate 
Lodges is $55,772.43. The investments consist principally in 
bonds and stock in halls. 

The Order in this Grand Jurisdiction is making splendid pro- 
gress, having increased more than double its number within the 
past two years. The Subordinate Lodges are all in healthy con- 
dition, financially as well as numerically. The Grand Lodge, 
as per last report, shows a balance of nearly $5,000 in the hands 
of the G. M. of E. An effort is being made, with every pros- 
pect of success, to erect a Pythian castle in the city of Saint 
Louis, which will not only be a credit to the Order in this State 
but to the Order in general as well ; and with the staff of rep- 
resentative men as executive officers a bright future awaits us. 
The officers for 1883-4 are : 



406 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

Past Grand Chancellor — W. A. Radcliffe. 
Grand Chancellor — B. L. Woodson. 
Grand Vice Chancellor— -T. T. Parsons. 
Grand Keeper of Records and Seal — Thomas R. Gelwicks. 
Grand Master of Exchequer — Adam Theiss. 
Grand Master- at- Arms — Joseph Lesem. 
Grand Inner Guard — Henry Story. 
Grand Outer Guard — H. M. Cowan. 

Supreme Representatives — Hon. R. E. Cowman and Hon. J. 
A. Lacey. 

Presentation of a Beautiful Jewel to Thos. R. Gel- 
wicks, G. K. of R. and S. of the Grand Jurisdic- 
tion of Missouri. 

At the session of the Grand Lodge of Missouri, in 1882, P. 
G. C. Wiley rose to a question of personal privilege, and pro- 
ceeded in a few well-chosen remarks to present G. K. of R. and 
S. Thos. R. Gelwicks with a solid gold emblematic badge, of 
beautiful design and rare workmanship, as a token of the love 
and esteem in which that Brother is held by the Order in gen- 
eral, and. by the members of this Grand Lodge of Missouri in 
particular. The remarks of P. G. C. Wiley were highly eulo- 
gistic, and made a pleasant impression on the Representatives 
present. This movement was a complete surprise to the recip- 
ient of the elegant gift, who was visibly affected by the token 
of good-will on the part of the donors. 

He thanked the Knights for this expression of their approba- 
tion, and begged them to excuse him from making any further 
remarks at that time. Knight Gelwicks, or "Our Tom," as he 
is familiarly known and styled in Missouri, is recognized as one 
of the most earnest and faithful workers in that Grand Jurisdic- 
tion. He often neglects his private affairs, and travels long dis- 
tances to institute and set in motion Pythian Lodges. He is 
universally beloved by the Knights of the entire Jurisdiction, 
and has been repeatedly selected his own successor. It may 
truly be said of him that he is the "right man in the right 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOJv. 407 

place." The obverse of the badge bears two crossed pens, the 
reverse, the legend, "Presented to Thomas R. Gelwicks, G. K. 
of R. and S., by the officers and members of the Grand Lodge 
K. of P. of Missouri, at Carthage, October 18, 1882." 

Presentation of an Elegant Gold Badge to Nath. W. 
Hunt, P. C. of Red Cross Lodge, No. 54, K. of P., 
of Saint Louis, Missouri. 

The engraving which is here given of this beautiful jewel is a 
correct picture of the badge presented by the Executive Com- 
mittee on Entertainment of the Supreme Lodge of the World 
at Saint Louis, in 1880, to that gallant Knight, Nath. W. Hunt. 
It is a fitting recognition of his great labors in soliciting funds 
and directing the monster representation at Pope's Theatre, and 
Trojan work upon various committees in connection with the 
reception and entertainment of the officers, members, and vis- 
itors to the Supreme Lodge at Saint Louis in 1880. 

The presentation was made through the Hon. Wm. H. Ru- 
dolph, P. G. C, the active and efficient chairman of the Exec- 
utive Committee. The Past Chancellor responded in eloquent 
and fitting terms. Few Knights have more efficiently combined 
valiant deeds and noble works than our Brother, in his long ser- 
vice in the Pythian cause. 

The obverse of this medal has the monogram " F. C. B., Su- 
preme Lodge, Saint Louis, 1880." The reverse is inscribed, 
" Presented to Nath. W. Hunt, by the Executive Committee, 
August 24, 1880." 



The Grand Jurisdiction of Florida. 

THE statistics of the Order in the land of flowers are very 
meagre. There are two working Lodges in this State. 
There were two other Lodges instituted about the year 
1 87 1 — one at Jacksonville and the other at Tallahassee. The 



408 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS \ 

two working Lodges are Pensacola Lodge, No. 3, located at 
Pensacola, and Suwanee Lodge, No. 4, located at Cedar Keys. 
Suwanee Lodge was instituted October 24, 1883, and Pensa- 
cola Lodge, No. 3, was instituted November 14, 1881. There 
is an effort now being put forth to organize a Lodge at Tampa, 
and everything indicates that the effort will be crowned with 
success. The membership is small, but the Knights of Florida 
are earnestly striving to build up the Order. The membership 
of Pensacola Lodge, No. 3, is 30, and that of Suwanee Lodge, 
No. 4, is, at present writing, 25. There is now a well-directed 
effort to secure the organization of a Grand Lodge, and this 
State may be represented at the session of the Supreme Lodge 
of the World at Toronto. There has not been a single death 
in the ranks of the Knights of this State since the Order was 
introduced into Florida. 



The Grand Jurisdiction of Wisconsin. 

THIS Grand Lodge was instituted on April 6, 1871, at 
Milwaukee, by Supreme Chancellor Read. The following 
list of officers was elected and installed for the first term, 
to wit: J. A. Henshall, V. G. P., of Oconomowoc ; H. L. 
Palmer, G. C, of Milwaukee; F. W. Cutter, G. V. C, of Mil- 
waukee; H. C. Runkel, G. G., of Milwaukee; C. H. Sweet- 
land, G. B., of Milwaukee; H. D. Greenman, G. I. S., of Mil- 
waukee ; Geo. Snyder, G. O. S., of Milwaukee; G. R. Milmine, 
G. R. and C. S., of Milwaukee. 

There are 33 Lodges now working in the State of Wisconsin, 
although the total number is 43. The Lodges are prosperous, 
and the outlook for steady and permanent growth favorable. 
This Grand Jurisdiction has instituted 16 Sections of the En- 
dowment Rank and 1 Division of the Uniform Rank, and 
charters issued for 3 more, which will be instituted in Novem- 
ber, 1883. There are other Divisions of the Uniform Rank in 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 409 

process of formation. This branch of the Order is constantly- 
growing in favor with the Knights of Wisconsin. 

The total receipts of Subordinate Lodges in this Grand Juris- 
diction to December 31, 1882, were $10,946.32, and the total 
expenditures for same time were $9,115.37. On December 
31, 1882, there was a balance on hand, carefully invested, of 
$11,390.80. The aggregate amount paid out for relief of 
Knights was $614, and for the burial of the dead, $1,380. The 
present corps of officers is as follows, to wit : 

Past Grand Chancellor — Jno. A. Hinsey, of No. 23, Mil- 
waukee. 

Grand Chancellor — Augdon H. Fisher, of No. 22, Janes- 
ville. 

Grand Vice Chancellor — W. C. Williams, No. 1, Milwaukee. 

Gra? id Banker — C. B. McClure, of No. 18, Sparta. 

Grand Master of Exchequer — Fred. Krans, of No. 11, Mil- 
waukee. 

Grand Keeper of Records and Seal — L. W. Coe, of Mil- 
waukee. 

Grand Master-at- Arms — Frank Jones, of No. 16, Eau Claire. 

Grand Inner Guard — H. L. Bedient, of No. 9, Oshkosh. 

Grand Outer Guard — J. O. Scott, of No. 29, Waupacca. 

Supreme Representatives — H. M. Kutchin and J. M. Morrell. 



The Grand Jurisdiction of North Carolina. 

AGREEABLY to appointment, Supreme Chancellor Read, 
of New Jersey, assisted by P. C. Isaac Hutzler, of the 

Grand Lodge of Virginia, and D. G. C. Wm. A. Johnson, 
met the Past Chancellors of Stonewall Lodge, No. 1 ; Claren- 
don Lodge, No. 2 ; Centre Lodge, No. 3;" Germania Lodge, No. 
4; and Cumberland Lodge, No. 5, at Pythian Hall, in the city 
of Wilmington, on the 21st of December, 1871, and instituted 
the Grand Lodge of North Carolina. The first Grand Officers 
elected and duly installed were as follows : Alex. T. Loudon, 

35 



4IO THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

of No. 2, V. G. P. ■ Wm. A. Jobson, of No. i, G. C. ; Octa- 
vius H. Blocker, of No. 5, G. V. C. ; Wm. H. Gerken, of No. 

4, G. R. and C. S. ; Samuel Menell, of No. 3, G. B. • Geo. A. 
A. Pappe, of No. 4, G. G. ; John H. Phillips, of No. 5, G. I. 

5. ■ L. C. Stranglin, of No. 5, G. O. S. 

It was the twenty-fifth Grand Jurisdiction organized in the~ 
United States. 

The excellent G. K. of R. and Seal of this State, under date 
of February 13, 1883, reports that "a gain of 3 Lodges, with an 
increase of 149 members, goes to show that we are doing some- 
thing in the ' Old North State ' towards advancing the Pythian 
cause. Our finances are in a healthy condition, never better. 
With a cash balance of $406.11 in the hands of our Grand Mas- 
ter of Exchequer, no debts, our revenues in excess of expendi- 
tures, all our obligations can be promptly met." 

Amount on hand last term $394.41 

Receipts from all sources. 57°-°5 

Total $964.46 

Disbursements 558.35 

To balance on hand $406.11 

The membership of Subordinate Lodges for term ending 
December 31, 1882, was 613, and the number of Lodges 
was 14. 

The following are the officers for the present term, to wit: 

Past Grand Chancellor — J. L. H. Missilier, No. 8. 

Grand Chancellor — E. G. Hanell, No. 3. 

Grand Vice Chancellor — W. T. Hallowell, No. 6. 

Grand Prelate — J. W. Moore, No. 8. 

Grand Master qf Exchequer — R. T. Scanlin, No. 5. 

Grand Keeper of Records and Seal — Jno. L. Dudley, No. I. 

Grand Master-at-Arms — J. C. Brewster, No. 3. 

Grand Inner Guard — M. E. Byrd, No. 22. 

Grand Outer Guard — J. E. Underwood, No. 26. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 4 1 1 

Hawaiian Islands. 

OAHU Lodge, No. 1, was instituted on August 29, 1871, 
by Geo. Howard, D. S. C. The charter members were 
Jno. A. Hassinger, Geo. Williams, Jno. Neill, Thomas 
Tannatt, Henry L. Sheldon, David Dayton, M. T. Donnell, 
Edwin Kistler, and John H. Black. The Lodge had a member- 
ship of 79 on December 31, 1883. There have been two blank 
applications issued for dispensations for Lodges, one for Hilo 
Hawaii and one for Wailuku Mai, and in due time the same will 
be forwarded to the Supreme Chancellor for his approval. 

On the 24th of January, 1884, Mystic Lodge, No. 2, was in- 
stituted, nearly all the members being Americans. The mem- 
bership is now moving in the direction of procuring a complete 
set of uniforms, with good prospects of success. The following 
are the officers of Mystic Lodge, No. 2, to wit : J. J. Williams, 
P. C. 1 J. A. Hassinger, C. C. ; W. G. Ashley, V. C. ; J. A. 
Burget, P. ; J. E. Wiseenan, K. of R. and S. ; H. F. Hebbard, 
M. of F. ; F. M. Eckley, M. of E. ; M. Grossman, M. at A. ; 
R. M. Fuller, I. G. ; J. M. Torbet, O. G. 

The following names comprise the list of charter members, to 
wit : J. J. Williams, J. A. Hopkins, W. G. Ashley, J. A. Bur- 
get, J. H. Lovejoy, J. A. Hassinger, H. A. Parmalee, R. M. 
Fuller, Wm. Brash, T. O'Brien, L. R. Patten, W. P. Crooks, 
J. E. Wiseenan, J. M. Oat, Jr., H. F. Hebbard, J. W. Reilley, 
Robt. More, R. S. Smith, A. W. Richardson, Fred. B. Oat, E. 
A. Williams, M. Grossman, L. C. Abies, F. Gertz, Thos. Jones, 
Z. K. Meyers, L. A. Stockley, H. Davis, M. Brown, F. N. 
Eckley. 



The Grand Jurisdiction of Alabama. 

r T^HE Grand Lodge was instituted at Montgomery, Alabama, 
in June, 1872. The present number of Lodges is 36, and 
the future prospects of the Order in this State are very flat- 
tering. There are 23 Sections of the Endowment Rank in the 



412 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

State of Alabama, and 2 Divisions of the Uniform Rank are in 
process of organization. The Uniform Rank is rapidly gaining 
favor among the Knights in this Grand Jurisdiction. There are 
now 1,622 Knights in this State. 

The receipts from Subordinate Lodges are $8,639.82, and the 
total expenditures $12,628.83. The sum of $3,753.63 is now on 
hand and invested. The aggregate amount paid out for relief 
of widowed families was $1,138.05, and the amount paid out for 
burial of the dead, $607. 



The Grand Jurisdiction of Kansas. 

THE Grand Lodge of Kansas was instituted on the 4th of 
September, 1872, in the city of Lawrence, by Past Su- 
preme Chancellor Berry. The following Lodges responded 
to the call of the instituting officer, to wit : Myrtle, No. 1, Law- 
rence, Douglas County, instituted April 4, 1872 ; Fellowship, 
No. 2, Wyandotte County, instituted April 11, 1872; Seneca, 
No. 3, Leavenworth, Leavenworth County, instituted July 26, 
1872; Independent, No. 4, Olathe, Johnson County, instituted 
August 2, 1872; Cydon, No. 5, Salina, Salina County, insti- 
tuted August 9, 1872. There were 23 Past Chancellors present, 
only one of whom was declared ineligible to a seat in the con- 
vention by the Supreme Chancellor. 

The following were the first Grand Lodge Officers elected and 
installed, to wit: J. C. Welch, No. 2, V. G. P. ; H. C. Caniff, 
No. 1, G. C. ; W. A. Offenbacher, No. 4, V. G. C. ; G. G. 
Lowe, No. 5, G. P. ; J. A. Bliss, No. 1, G. C. and R. S. ; M. 
C. Dunn, No. 2, G. G. ; W. C. Elder, No. 4, G. I. S. j J. 
Weiss, No. 1, G. O. S. 

From the report of the Grand Chancellor, made to the 
Twelfth Annual session of the Grand Lodge, on May 5, 1883, 
at Emporia, we learn that 14 new Lodges were instituted in the 
year 1882-3, and two charters were revoked, leaving a total of 
88 working Lodges. The Grand Chancellor recommended that 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 413 

steps be taken to bring the Endowment Rank prominently be- 
fore the Knights in the State, and that Divisions of the Uniform 
Rank be established. Between the sessions of the Grand Lodge 
42 new Lodges were added to the roster. 

The following is a summary of the returns of the Subordinate 
Lodges for the year 1882 : 

Number of Lodges at the end of 1881 44 

" of Lodges instituted in 1882 29 

" of Lodges December 31, 1882. 69 

" initiated during the year 356 

" withdrawn during the year 167 

" admitted by card during the year 37 

" reinstated during the year 25 

" died during the year. , 13 

'•' suspended during the year. 201 

" rejected during the year 31 

" of members December 31, 1881 1,820 

" of members December 31, 1882.... 2,752 

Increase over the preceding year 932 

Total expenditures of Subordinate Lodges ■$ 1 9>°T3-5 2 

Total receipts of Subordinate Lodges 24,578.70 

Total cash on hand in Lodge fund 6,696.86 

Total cash on hand in Widows' and Orphans' fund 408.93 

Total amount of bonds and other securities 3,668.17 

Total value of regalia, Lodge furniture, and other 

property 16,639.44 

Total value of real estate ■« 5 2 7-5o 

Total assets of Lodges... 279,391.90 

Number of weeks for which sick benefits were paid... 439 

Number of brothers relieved 124 

Number of brothers buried 7 

Paid for relief of brothers $1,579.06 

Paid for watching sick 234.20 

Paid for donations, etc 124.80 

Total relief expenditures of Lodges 2,056.20 

The pivisions of Uniform Rank in the State are getting to 
be quite numerous. On June 21, 1883, Golden Cross Division, 
35* 



41 4 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

No. i, gave a Social at Castle Hall, in Atchison, which was pre- 
ceded by a grand street parade and exhibition drill, No affair 
of the kind, that has ever occurred in Atchison, gave such com- 
plete satisfaction, and the members of Golden Cross Division 
will long be remembered kindly for their earnest efforts to 
please. The Patriot, in giving an account of this splendid 
affair, says : 

Whether regarded as a benevolent secret society, a military organization, 
or a social club — and it is all these combined — Golden Cross Lodge, Knights 
of Pythias, of this city, is the pride and boast of Atchison. We doubt if 
there is another similar organization in the State or in the West that has 
reached the proud distinction of this Lodge. The membership of the Lodge 
is not only large, but excellent. It embraces the flower and chivalry of the 
city. They take great pride in their work, and that work is not so much the 
show of parade as it is the dispensation of blessings around them. Their 
mission is to do good, and though the outside world knows but little of their 
work in this respect, many a sad heart has been lightened by them, many a 
wet eye has had the tear-drop wiped away, and many a despondent young 
man has had a bright future pointed out to him. The social events of this 
Lodge are always of the pleasantest character, and attract as none others do. 
The Patriot is proud of Golden Cross Lodge, as is every Atchison citizen, 
and predicts for it a most brilliant future. 

The Grand Division of the Uniform Rank, K. of P. of Kan- 
sas, was instituted on the njh of October, 1883, with the fol- 
lowing excellent corps of officers, to wit : 

Grand Commander — S. J. Kelsey, Atchison. 

First Assistant Grand Commander — J. H. Abbott, Columbus. 

Second Assistant Grand Commander — L. M. Woodcock, Wi- 
chita. 

Surgeon — E. R. Lang, Ellsworth. 

Adjutant — F. D. Krebs, Hiawatha. 

Quartermaster — B. G. Brown, Topeka. 

Chaplain — J. C. Hustus, Cherryvale. 

The following Divisions were represented at the meeting for 
institution, to wit: No. 1, Atchison; No. 2, Wichita; No. 3, 
Columbus; No. 4, Cherryvale; No. 5, Hiawatha; No. 7, Ells- 
worth; No. 8, Topeka. 

The progress of the Uniform Rank in this Grand Jurisdiction 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 415 

is rapid, and the Divisions are composed of the best material in 
the Pythian ranks. The following is the present corps of 
Grand Lodge officers, to wit : 

Past Grand Chancellor — Dr. D. J. Holland. 

Grand Chancellor — Max J. Alwens. 

Grand Vice Chancellor — Luke M. Havens. 

Grand Prelate — T. B. Anderson. 

Grand Master of Exchequer — Geo. Li nek. 

Grand Keeper of Records and Seal — Gus. J. Neubert. 

Grand Master-at-Arms — Thos. B. Borland. 

Grand Inner Guard — Durra Heil. 

Gra?id Outer Guard — J. W. Sheafor. 

Supreme Representatives — Joseph H. Lyon, for 1883-188 7, 
and H. M. Frazer, for 1882-1886. 

Deputy Grand Chancellor for German Lodges, Frank S. Mer- 
stetter. 



The Grand Jurisdiction of Maine. 

THE Grand Jurisdiction of Maine was organized at Port- 
land, on the 9th of July, 1872, by Hon. S. S. Davis, S. V. 
C. ; F. A. Chase, G. K. of R. and S. of Massachusetts ; 
and R. H. Ingersoll, D. S. C., of Biddeford, Maine. The first 
Grand Lodge officers who were elected and duly installed were 
as follows, to wit : E. H. Hanson, V. G. P., Portland ; R. H. 
Ingersoll, G. C., Biddeford; F. M. Laughton, G. V. C., Ban- 
gor; John Loring, G. K. of R. and S., Portland; N. R. Lon- 
jee, G. B., Lewiston ; G. D. Brown, G. G., Westbrook ; W. R. 
T. Bullock, G. I. G., Biddeford; J. F. Tarr, G. O. G., Bid- 
deford. 

The present number of Lodges is 40, and the present con- 
dition and future prospects of the Order were never better. The 
membership in this Grand Jurisdiction is about 4.000, being a 
net gain of about 1,000 for the past year. The total receipts of 
Subordinate Lodges for 1882 were $30,437, and total expendi- 
tures for the same time $19,889. The amount on hand and in- 



4 1 6 THE KNIGH TS OF P YTHIA S 

vested in various ways is $29,993, ar| d the amount paid out for 
relief of Knights and burials is $5,936. Maine has one of the 
best State relief associations in existence. It is governed by a 
code of laws that are equable and just to the assured. 

The present Grand Lodge officers are as follows, to wit : 

Grand Chancellor — M. S. Gibson, of Portland. 

Grand Vice Chancellor — E. W. Larrabee, of Bath. 

Grand Prelate — A. S. Biggar, of Kennebunk. 

Grand Master of Exchequer — Samuel Garland, of Gorham. 

Grand Keeper of Records and Seal — Joseph F. Chute, of 
Portland. 

Grand Master-at-Arms — C. M. Waterhouse, of Saccarrappa. 

Gra?id Inner Guard — H. E. GrofTam, of Street Falls. 

Grand Outer Guard — A. J. Rowe, of Norway. 



The Grand Jurisdiction of Ontario. 

THE Grand Lodge was instituted at Toronto, July 8, 1872, 
by Supreme Chancellor Read, assisted by Park McFarland, 
of Philadelphia, who was a P. C. The first Grand Lodge 
officers were as follows : Geo. W. Cooley, V. G. P. ; W. C. 
Morrison, G. C. ; James B. How, G. V. C. ; John Way, G. M. 
of E. ; Jno. Richmond, G. R. and S. C. ; J. A. Robinson, G. 
M. at A. ; R. Mathews, G. I. G.'; T. J. Brown, G. O. G. ; 
Geo. W. Cooley, S. R. ; W. D. Kennedy, S. R. 

There are at present 9 Lodges in Ontario, and the condition 
and future prospects were never so promising as now. There is 
one Section of the Endowment Rank, and one General Board 
of Control. There is one Division of the Uniform Rank in 
Hamilton and one Division in Windsor, organized in connec- 
tion with Detroit, with a prospect of several more being soon 
formed. The Uniform Rank is popular with Knights in this 
Grand Jurisdiction. The present membership of the Order is 
521, with a net gain for the last year of 34. The total expen- 
ditures for the past year were $2,415.26, the total receipts for 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 417 

same time, from Subordinate Lodges, being $2,646.56. The 
amount on hand and invested is $14,013.87. The aggregate 
amount paid out for the relief of Knights and widowed families 
is $677.85. 



The Grand Jurisdiction of Tennessee. 

THE Grand Lodge of Knights of Pythias was instituted on 
April 2, 1872, by Supreme Chancellor Read, at Nashville. 
The officers for the first term were as follows, to wit : W. 
H. Moyston, V. G. P. ; Calvin McCorkle, G. C. ; T. S. Jukes, 
G. V. C. ; Chas. Hanback, G. R. and C. S. ; H. L. Claibourn, 
G. B. ; A. S. Mariner, G. G. ; T. O. Morris, G. I. S. ; Gervas 
Sieferle, G. O. S. ; W. Bryce Thompson, S. R. ; W. R. But- 
ler, S. R. 

Holston Lodge, No. 1, was the initial Lodge of the Grand 
Jurisdiction of Tennessee ; a few weeks later Damon, No. 2, 
was organized at Chattanooga, and Myrtle, No. 3, at Knoxville, 
and when the Grand Lodge was instituted at Nashville there 
were P. C.'s present from 3 additional Lodges, viz. : Bayard, 
-No. 4, Murfreesboro, No. 5, Memphis, No. 6, and Friendship, 
No. 7, instituted at Memphis. Colonies were thus successfully 
established in the three Grand Divisions of the State, and the 
growth of the Order for the two succeeding years was very flat- 
tering indeed. The material was eclectic and the esprit de corps 
splendid. With the advent, however, of that terrible financial 
stringency, which has paralyzed more or less every interest in 
the South, enlistments under the Pythian banner became fewer, 
and unfortunately there were perhaps a few desertions. Here, 
too, as in other jurisdictions, Pythian Knighthood, though a 
stripling, has had to measure strength with those mature organi- 
zations, Masonry and Odd-Fellowship ; it has been forced to 
advance stealthily, fighting manfully for its hard-earned vantage 
ground. Now, however, that the Order has successfully demon- 
strated its vitality, its strength and capabilities in this Jurisdic- 

2B 



4IO THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

tion, it has become firmly rooted, and gives hope of better 
growth and richer fruitage in the future. 

The present number of Lodges is 18, and they are in better 
condition than at any previous date. The prospects of the Or- 
der in this State are better than ever before. There are 14 Sec- 
tions of the Endowment Rank and 1 Division of the Uniform 
Rank. The present membership is 1209, and the net gain for 
the past year 16. The total receipts by Subordinate Lodges was 
$8,986.46, with total expenditures for same period '$11,242.62. 
There is a balance in the treasury of $3,846.52, which is se- 
curely invested. The aggregate amount paid out for relief of 
widowed families and of Knights is $2,205.95. The present 
officers are as follows, to wit : 

Past Grand Chancellor — W. C. Caldwell. 

Grand Chancellor — W. R. Carlisle. 

Grand Vice Chancellor — G. E. Leay. 

Grand Prelate — J. H. Liebkemann. 

Grand Keeper of Records and Seal — R. L. C. White. 

Grand Master of Exchequer — L. D. McCord. 

Grand Master-at-Arms — W. A. Wade. 

Grand Inner Guard — J. C. Schutte. 

Grand Outer Guard — L. B. Goldsmith. 

Supreme Representatives — R. L. C. White and B. H. Owen. 



The Grand Jurisdiction of Nevada. 

THE Order of the Knights of Pythias was introduced into 
Nevada in March, 1873, by the formation of Nevada 
Lodge, No. 1, at Virginia City, with 19 charter members, 
including 5 Knights holding Withdrawal Cards from as many 
Grand Jurisdictions. The care exercised in selecting good men 
to start with has been a great benefit to the Order in this Jur- 
isdiction ever since. Through the energy of live, influential 
men, new Lodges were organized in other towns. On March 
31, 1874, there were 6 Subordinate Lodges, and on that day 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 419 

the Grand Lodge was formed. The Grand Lodge was insti- 
tuted by C. H. Starkweather, D. S. C. The first officers of the 
Grand Lodge were as follows, to wit : E. L. Stern, P. G. C, 
of Mystic, No. 3; S. H. Goddard, G. C., of Nevada, No. 1 ; 
Geo. Gilson, G. V. C., of Carson, No. 4; Chas. E. Laughton, 
G. K. of R. and S., of Carson, No. 4; Geo. Tuffey, G. M. of 
E., of Damon, No. 2; A. Livingston, G. M. at A., of Hum- 
boldt, No. 5 ; Caesar Corris, G. I. G., of Nevada, No. 1 ; Ly- 
man A. Frisbie, G. O. G., of Carson, No. 4. 

The present number of Lodges is 13, and the present mem- 
bership in Nevada is 839, being a net gain for the past year of 
101. There are 6 Sections of the Endowment Rank in this 
Jurisdiction, with a fair membership, which would be better on 
the Coast if the Supreme Lodge would grant a separate district, 
or arrange some plan whereby we could insure as cheaply as 
other secret institutions who are thriving better than this Order. 
As yet there are no Divisions of the Uniform Rank in Nevada. 
The rank is, however, looked upon with great favor, and at no 
distant day will find lodgment in the State. 

The total receipts by Subordinate Lodges for the past year 
were $13,968.61, and the total expenditures for the same period 
of time were $14,064.78. The amount on hand is $12,289.64, 
which is invested in some cases in Castle Halls, but mostly in 
mortgages and good loans. The amount paid out for relief of 
Knights was $2736.35, and for the burial of the dead, $587.75. 

The Knights of Nevada are earnest workers, and generally 
true and faithful to each other, not only socially but in business. 
No matter when you meet a Pythian in this Grand Jurisdiction, 
you meet a Knight in every sense of the word, and can safely 
say that no man who has received the teachings of the Ordei 
will hesitate in saying that he is proud of the Order, and proud 
to be able to say that he is a member of it. The Order in the 
State is in a prosperous condition. There is no rapid gain, but 
a steady one. It has the very choicest material in the State as 
members. There can be no correct prophecy as to the future. 
The prosperity of this State depends upon its mineral resources, 
which are rapidly declining. The once famed Comstock mine 



420 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

is fast failing, and where once were the thriving cities of Vir- 
ginia, Gold Hill, Silver City, and a list of others, now nothing 
remains but long rows of vacant buildings and deserted streets, 
and a few hopeful people are left to tell of the early wealth of 
the Comstock mines. Other districts are coming into promi- 
nence, however, and there is still hope of another bonanza. If 
such hopes are fulfilled, the Order in this State will not be 
second to many of their sister jurisdictions. The rise of the 
Order in Nevada was not sudden, nor was it by chance. Its 
effect was calculated, and the foundations were firmly laid on 
the bed-rock of prudence, and the structure was united in the 
bonds of fraternal affection and harmony. There are no large 
Lodges and no weak ones, and no members that the Order can 
afford to lose. Those who were instrumental in planting the 
Order here were the first honored with rank, and, suffice it to 
say, they are the most willing workers to-day in the Grand Juris- 
diction. The present Grand Officers are as follows, to wit : 

Past Grand Chancellor — R. B. Mitchell, Triumph, No. n. 

Grand Chancellor — R. M. Beatty, Beatific, No. 7. 

Grand Vice Chancellor — Jas. Murray, Toiyabe, No. 9. 

Grand Prelate — J. M. Dormer, Carson, No. 4. 

Grand Keeper of Records and Seal — N. W. Roff, Amity, No. 8. 

Grand Master of Exchequer — Alex. Laport, Carson, No. 4. 

Grand Master-at- Arms — Jno. M. Myers, Amity, No. 8. 

Grand Inner Guard — Pleasant Moore, Owyhee, No. 14. 

Grand Outer Guard — C. C. Bowman, Triumph, No. 11. 

Supreme Representatives — C. C. Powning, Amity, No. 8, and 
Geo. H. Morrison, Triumph, No. 11. 



Utah Territory. 

IT is doubtful if any organization in the country has grown so 
rapidly and accomplished so much good as the Order of 
Knights of Pythias. Organized at the time the country was 
engaged in civil war, the Order, nevertheless, has steadily in- 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 42 I 

creased in numbers and importance until it occupies one of the 
foremost positions in the catalogue of secret and benevolent in- 
stitutions in this country. The history of the Order dates from 
Feb. 19, 1864, when the first call for an organization was issued 
by J. H. Rathbone, who was elected Chancellor Commander on 
the 23d of that month, at the completion of the organization. 
Year after year since the establishment of Washington Lodge, 
No. 1, and a Grand Lodge in April of that year, the Order has 
continued to grow until it has a membership of over 150,000, 
united in one grand, noble work to benefit each other by reliev- 
ing the sufferings of a brother, caring for the widow and orphan, 
teaching the cardinal doctrines of purity of thought and life, 
and holding to peace on earth and good-will toward all men. 

While the Order has grown rapidly in the States and neighbor- 
ing Territories, Utah has not been idle in the noble work, which 
began with the organization of Myrtle Lodge, No. 1, in Salt 
Lake, on November 15, 1873, w ^ tn a small membership. Lo- 
cated in the midst of an element antagonistic to its very princi- 
ples, and being but a small community to derive growth and 
support from, for years it was no easy task to maintain an exist- 
ence. But the Lodge was composed of earnest, persistent men, 
and the Order grew and spread under their influence, and to-day 
-is well established in Utah. 

About two years ago the Knights secured a magnificent hall 
in the Walker Opera House building, where all branches of the 
Order in this city meet. Myrtle Lodge has a membership of 
over 100. 

Section 295 Endowment Rank was instituted in this city in 1880, 
with a membership of 10, which has since grown to 35. This 
Section, like Myrtle Lodge, had a hard struggle for existence, 
but it was made up of the same men who had carried the Lodge 
through its troubles, and success crowned their labors, and the 
Section is now a permanent factor of the Order in Utah. Myrtle 
Lodge offered a prize of $50 for the first new Lodge established 
in Salt Lake ; an incentive which resulted in establishing, on 
September 22, 1881, Rocky Mountain Lodge, No. 3, with a 
membership of 30, since grown to 70, and the Lodge is in a 
36- 



422 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

splendid condition. On June 26, 1883, the third Lodge in this > 
city, Calanthe Lodge, No. 5, was instituted, and now, after six 
months' work, the roster calls for 70 members. Thus there are in 
this city three prosperous Lodges, with a magnificent hall, hav- 
ing large ante-rooms, closets, and library rooms adjacent, all 
supplied with steam heaters and modern conveniences. 

Wasatch Division, No. 1, Uniform Rank, was instituted in 
1881, and has a membership of 40. 

But it is not alone in this city the Order is prospering and 
making its influence felt in communities. At Park City the 
Order has secured a firm foothold. Park City Lodge, No. 4, was 
instituted Oct. 16, 1882, with nearly 40 charter members, and 
the present membership is 60. 

Crescent Division, No. 3, of the Uniform Rank, was instituted 
February 19, 1883, and has a large and well-drilled membership. 
A Section of the Endowment Rank is also about to be instituted 
at Park City. The entire Order in its various branches at Park 
City is in a very flourishing condition. 

Ogden Lodge, No. 2, was instituted May 23, 1881, with a 
membership of 19, since increased to over 50. A Section of the 
Endowment Rank was organized and instituted soon after the 
Lodge was in working order, and now has a large membership. 

Lincoln Division, No. 2, Uniform Rank, was instituted Octo- 
ber 14, 1882, at Ogden, and has a good membership, and the 
Order have fitted up a fine hall in most excellent taste, and the 
membership certainly deserve credit for the energy they have 
displayed; 

The Order in Utah is composed of excellent men, and they 
say to all Knights of Pythias, either east or west, north or south, 
should you ever chance to be in Salt Lake City on either Monday, 
Tuesday, or Thursday evenings, you will find the Draw Bridge 
down, Portcullis raised, and a knightly brother waiting to guide 
you to the inner Castle, to welcome you to our mountain home 
and give you a helping hand should you need it. 

Preliminary steps have been taken looking to the organization 
of a Grand Lodge, and it will undoubtedly be instituted early 
in the coming month. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 423 

Our golden success in Utah Territory is largely attributable 
to the zeal, industry, and untiring energy of Knight Geo. F. 
Prescott, of Salt Lake City, the present D. S. C. He is an ac- 
complished and highly cultured gentleman, and commands the 
esteem and confidence of a large circle of friends. 

Mormons are entirely excluded from the benefits of the Order, 
and hence these social and religious outlaws are bitterly opposed 
to the Pythian movement. This opposition of these miscreants 
only commends the institution to the better classes. 



The Grand Jurisdiction of Mississippi. 

THE Grand Lodge of Mississippi was instituted at Vicksburg, 
July 23, 1874, by Wm. Bryce Thompson, D. S. C., the 
following Past Chancellors being present from the several 
Lodges, to wit : Geo. G. Manlove, John H. Darne, J. L. Mag- 
anos, J. B. Browne, E. H. Miller, T. J. Hanes, Wm. French, 
James H. King, from R. E. Lee Lodge, No. 1 ; Geo. St. C. 
Hussey, F. Parsons, H. C. Griffin, M. A. C. Hussey, A. H. 
Foster, C. C. Walden, from Natchez Lodge, No. 3; J. R. 
Denman, Clem Davis, Chas. Roesch, from George Washington 
Lodge, No. 4; J. S. Cain, J. D. Blumenthal, E. Hirsch, M. 
C. Elliott, J. R. Hochstadter, from Eva Clare Lodge, No. 5 ; 
J. A. Home and H. H. Cook, from Hazelhurst Lodge, No. 6 ; 

E. G. Strauss and Nathan Goldstein, from Stonewall Jackson 
Lodge, No. 7. The session was held in Odd-Fellows' Hall, 
and continued for two days. The first Grand Lodge Officers 
who were elected and installed were as follows, to wit : Geo. St. 
C. Hussey, P. G. C; Wm. French, G. C; J. S. Cain, G. V. C; 

F. Parsons, G. P.; M. C. Elliott, G. K. of R. and S.; A. G. 
Strauss, G. M. of E.; Geo. G. Manlove, G. M. at A. ; H. H. 
Cook, G. I. G.; Chas. Roesch, G. O. G.; J. B. Browne, S. R.j 
Jno. S. Cain, S. R. 



424 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

The present number of Lodges is 35, and their present con- 
dition is good and improving. There are 30 Sections of the 
Endowment Rank in this State, the one at Vicksburg being the 
largest under the Jurisdiction of the Supreme Lodge. There 
are now two Divisions of the Uniform Rank, both located at 
Vicksburg. The membership at the close of the year ending 
June 30, 1883, was 1,536. The total receipts by subordinate 
Lodges for the year ending June 30, 1883, were $9,476.42, 
and the total expenditures for the same period were $9,138.04. 
The amount on hand and invested is $7,079.08, which includes 
$775 invested by Stonewall Jackson Lodge in the Temple Asso- 
ciation. There has been paid out for the relief of widowed 
families $1,955, and for relief of Knights $956.35. The amount 
paid out for burial of the dead is $453.50. 

The first Lodge organized in the Grand Jurisdiction of Mis- 
sissippi was R. E. Lee Lodge, No. 1. It was instituted on the 
15th of February, 1871, with ^6 charter members — the pres- 
ent membership being 173, including four Past Grand Chancel- 
lors, to wit : J. B. Browne, J. H. Darne, G. G. Manlove, and 
T. J. Hanes. The first officers of R. E. Lee Lodge, No. 1, 
were : J. H. Darne, P. C; James H. King, C. C; T. J. Hanes, 
V. C; W. L. Coakley, M. of E.; W. M. Chamberlain, M. of 
F.; Hardy Hendren, K. of R. and S.; J. L. Maganos, M. at A.; 
E. B. Cisco, I. G.; Henry Gram, O. G. 

The Grand Officers for 1883-4 are as follows, to wit : 

Past Grand Chancellor — Benj. V. White. 

Grand Chancellor — M. Dabney. 

Grand Vice Chancellor — H. B. Lacey. 

Grand Prelate — M. Mayer. 

Grand Master of Exchequer — Benj. F. Thomas. 

Grand Keeper of Records and Seal — T. J. Hanes. 

Grand Master-at-Arms — R. W. Levy. 

Grand Inner Guard — Jno. M. Smiley. 

Grand Outer Guard — D. S. Wright. 

Supreme Representatives — Wm. C. McLean and Owen Royce. 

Grand Lecturer — Owen Royce. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 425 

The Grand Jurisdiction of Texas. 

THE Grand Lodge K. of P. in this State was organized first 
at Houston, on the 6th of April, 1874, by W. A. Shields, 
G. C. of Alabama, there being representatives from 8 Sub- 
ordinate Lodges present. The following named gentlemen 
were elected and installed first board of Grand Lodge Officers, 
to wit : A. Ewing, G. C; F. S. Burk, V. G. C; S. R. Wright, 
V. G. P.; A. S. Dwyer, G. R. and C. S.; J. M. Tryon, G. B.; 
C. B. Grey, G. G.; J. J. Barton, G. I. S.; Jno. Walker, G. O. 
S.; S. P. Wright and A. Ewing, S. R.'s. S. C. Henry Clay 
Berry, being ill at that time, commissioned W. A. Shields, who 
was then G. C. of Alabama, to institute the Lodge. 

There are now 55 Lodges in the State, and the present condi- 
tion and prospects for the future of the Order are in every way 
encouraging throughout the entire Grand Jurisdiction of Texas. 
The number of Sections of the Endowment Rank in the State is 
not reported to the G. K. of R. and S. There are no Divisions 
of the Uniform Rank as yet organized in this Jurisdiction. 

The present membership is 2,500, being a net gain of 1,200 
for the past year. The total receipts from Subordinate Lodges 
to present date, are $27,942.73, and their total expenditures 
$20,074.02. The sum of $7,868.71 is now on hand and well 
invested. The aggregate amount paid out for relief of Knights, 
$3,233.94. The present officers are as follows, to wit : 

Grand Chancellor — C. T. Roff, of Brenham. 

Grand Vice Chancellor — W. H. Sutton, of Dallas. 

Grand Banker — Henry M. Spaulding, of Denton. 

Grand Keeper of Records and Seal — T. La Hache, of Sherman. 

Grand Master of Exchequer — R. A. Ferris, of Wasahachie. 

Grand Master-at- Arms — C. C. Wilson, of Terrell. 

Grand Inner Guard — T. Camp, Jr., of Tyler. 

Grand Outer Guard — Charles Coon, of Weatherford. 
36* 



426 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

The Grand Jurisdiction of Colorado. 

THE Grand Lodge of Colorado was instituted May 2, 1876, 
by P. S. C. Davis. On said day the Past Chancellors of 
the Lodges in Colorado and Wyoming Territories met in 
the city of Denver, for the purpose of instituting a Grand 
Lodge for the Jurisdictions of Colorado and Wyoming Terri- 
tories, P. S. C. Davis in the chair. The Committee on Creden- 
tials then reported the following Lodges represented, to wit : 
Colorado, No. 1, Denver; Damon, No. 2 (German), Denver; 
Rocky Mountain, No. 3, Trinidad ; Black Hawk, No. 4, Black 
Hawk; Gilpin, No. 5, Central City; Interocean, No. 6, Den- 
ver; Columbia, No. 7, Georgetown; Centennial, No. 8, Den- 
ver; Cheyenne, No. 2, Cheyenne, W. T. After some discus- 
sion as to the manner of selecting officers, it was agreed that a 
committee of one from each Lodge be appointed by the Su- 
preme Chancellor, with instructions to confer together and sug- 
gest suitable names for their Grand Officers. The committee 
then reported the names of the following Grand Lodge Officers, 
to wit : Lyman W. Chase, P. G. C. ; W. S. Marshal, G. C. ; 
John Hallam, G. V. C. ; Louis Seyler, G. P. ; R. F. Dunton, 
G. K. of R. and S. ; J. F. Graham, G. M. of E. ; Chas. Whit- 
comb, G. M. at A. ; Frank A. Pope, Supreme Representative 
for one year ; Thos. M. Fisher, Supreme Representative for two 
years. 

The Committee on Constitution and By-Laws submitted a 
partly prepared Constitution of the Grand Lodge, which was 
acted upon and adopted, and a new committee appointed to 
complete the same by the next session of the Grand Lodge ; 
and the city of Georgetown, Col., was selected for the next 
place of meeting. The Grand Lodge was to be held July 5, 
1876, for the first annual session. 

On the 30th of June, 1883, there were 18 Lodges in Colo- 
rado, being a gain of 6 Lodges during the year ; but 2 Lodges 
having surrendered their charters, leaves a net gain of 4 Lodges. 
The present number of Lodges is 22, with a membership of 1,155, 
showing a net gain of membership during the past year of 272. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 427 

Since the last session, in 1882, the new Lodges that have been 
established are as follows, to wit : Progress, No. 20, Leadville, 
Col., instituted Dec. 23, 1882; Hercules, No. 21, Coal Creek, 
Col., March 15, 1883; Montezuma, No. 22, Durango, Col., 
April 21, 1883; Monarch, No. 23, Junction City, Col., May 
28, 1883; Ivanhoe, No. 24, South Pueblo, Col., May 20, 
1883; Coronado, No. 25, Del Norte, Col., July 19, 1883. 
The receipts by Subordinate Lodges are as follows, to wit : 

For Ranks $5>795- 00 

For admission by card 315.00 

For reinstatement 30.00 

For dues ^ 7,817.31 

From all other sources 4,319.38 

Total $18,276.69 

EXPENDITURES. 

For relief of Brothers $2,186.10 

For burying the dead 461.80 

For current expenses 12,138.57 

Total $14,786.47 

Net resources on hand end of year $16,094.84 

Net resources on hand beginning of year 11,312.14 

Increase of resources for the year $4,782.70 

Cash on hand $9,466.92 

Amount of investments. 6,627.92 

Total $16,094.84 

The Grand Lodge assets on June 30, 1883, were : 

Cash in hands of G. M. of E $1,187.36 

Grand Lodge property 105.50 

Supplies on hand 65.25 

Balances due from Lodges J 5-95 

$1,374.06 
Less amounts due Subordinate Lodges 15 1.75 

Net assets of Grand Lodge $1,222.31 



428 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

The receipts of the Grand Lodge during the year ending June 
30, 1883, from all sources, were $16,019.50. There are 5 Sec- 
tions of the Endowment Rank in the State, and some dis- 
cussion going on in relation to organizing other Sections among 
the new Lodges. There are 4 Divisions of the Uniform Rank in 
Colorado, in good working order, with prospects of 2 or 3 more 
being soon organized. This Rank is favorably regarded by the 
younger members of the Order, and there is much enthusiasm 
among the Sir Knights of those Divisions already organized. 

The history of the Order in this Grand Jurisdiction is marked 
with trials and experiences which have to a great extent marred 
the progress of the Order, and it was a question, three years ago, 
whether the Grand Lodge would survive ; but energetic and 
zealous officers were elected, and to-day our Order is one of the 
most prosperous and progressive fraternal associations in the 
State. During the past year there have been large acquisitions 
to the Ranks, and the membership is fully up to the standard of 
last year, and the reports from Subordinate Lodges in some in- 
stances show double the increase over the preceding year. The 
Grand Lodge is entirely out of debt, with $1,200 in the treasury. 

At the last eighth annual session, the representative system 
was adopted, giving each Lodge two representatives in the 
Grand Lodge. A committee was also appointed to revise the 
Grand and Subordinate Laws, this committee to report at the 
ninth annual session. There has also been appointed a Com- 
mittee on Foreign Correspondence, which was instructed to re- 
port at the next annual session, to be held at Leadville, Col., 
the third Wednesday in September, 1884. The present Grand 
Lodge Officers are as follows, to wit : 

Past Grand Chancellor — F. L. Siegel, Denver. 

Grand Chancellor — Jas. A. McGee, Golden. 

Grand Vice Chancellor— -Jas. Shire, Leadville. 

Grand Prelate — Wm. C. Macomber, Trinidad. 

Grand Master of Exchequer — E. Heitler, Denver. 

Grand Keeper of Records and Seal — Chas. Bleible, Denver. 

Grand Master-at-Arms — Dell. Crane, Salida. 

Grand Inner Guard — Wm. Bainbridge, Coal Creek. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 



429 



Grand Outer Guard— Gus. Weiman, Durango. 
Supreme Representatives — L. C. Snyder, Black Hawk, and 
Chas. K. McHatton, Denver. 



Arizona Territory. 

THE first Lodge was organized in this Territory on the 5th of 
April, 1877, and is known as Prescott Lodge, No. 1, K. of P., 
and located at Prescott. The present Deputy Supreme 
Chancellor is Knight H. Buck, of Prescott. He was a charter 
member of Santa Barbara Lodge, No. 25, of Santa Barbara, Cali- 
fornia, and received the Ranks in 1874. Our brother removed to 
Arizona Territory in 1876, and was very active and zealous in the 
Pythian cause. He was appointed D. S. C. by P. S. C. Davis, on 
July 5, 1877, and went to work in real earnest in behalf of the 
grand cause. By direct personal effort he procured the signatures 
to various petitions for five out of the six Lodges now existing in 
this Territory. This is an excellent record, and entitles the brother 
to the highest commendation from all true and earnest Knights. 
Arizona Lodge, No. 4, has organized a Division of the Uni- 
form Rank and a Section of the Endowment Rank. The pros- 
pects are bright for the early organization of a Grand Lodge 
in this interesting field for Pythian enterprise. We sincerely 
trust that the prospective Grand Jurisdiction of Arizona Terri- 
tory may be represented at the biennial convocation of the 
Supreme Lodge of the World, at the city of New Orleans, on 
the fourth Tuesday in April, 1884. 



Name and No. of 
Lodge. 



Prescott, No. I.. 
Phoenix, No. 2.. 
Tucson, No. 3... 
Arizona, No. 4.. 



Date of Insti- 
tution. 



April 5, 1877 



Mar. 23, 
June 25, 



Benson, No. 5 'July 

Charleston, No. 6., Nov. 
Total....! 



[881 
[881 
1884 



Members 
Suspended. 


Benefits 
Paid. 


17 

7 

25 
22 


$34I.OO 
286.OO 
428.OO 

455°° 

175.00 








7i 


£1685.00 



Present 
Membership, 



32 
36 
60 

71 
30 

28 



=57 



Cash on 
Hand, 



$400.00 
480.OO 

355-00 

$1000.00 

23O.OO 

I5O.OO 



$2615.00 



43P THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

The Grand Jurisdiction of Louisiana. 

PURSUANT to the call of the Supreme Chancellor of the 
World, the following delegates of Subordinate Lodges of the 
State of Louisiana, assembled in the city of Monroe on May 
5, 1880, for the purpose of organizing a Grand Lodge in that 
State: Orleans, No. 1, of New Orleans, J. C. Beard and Fran- 
cis Downey ; Damon, No. 2, of Shreveport, David Cooper and 
J. H. Gilliad; Webster, No. 4, of Minden, Thos. O. Benton; 
Bossier, No. 5, Red Land, J. M. Bryan and Chas. Boehmer, 
also P. C. Jno. G. Allen ; Royal Arch, No. 6, of New Orleans, 
Horace Vallas and David Lemley; Delta, No. 7, of Delta, J. 
O. Bradfield and W. B. Wadsworth ; Stonewall, No. 8, Monroe, 
A. B. Sholars and Talbot Stillman, also P. C.'s Joseph Lemley, 
S. Marx, J. E. Oakley, L. W. Surghnor, and Marcus Weil ; Sa- 
maritan, No. 9, of New Orleans, E. Heidingsfelder and H. 
Jacobs; Calanthe, No. 10, of Shreveport, F. A. and D. L. 
McKitrick, also P. C.'s J. J. Scott and A. R. Booth; Ezelda, 
No. 11, of Milliken's Bend, N. Kahn and M. Koos ; C. R. Bal- 
four, No. 12, of Rayville, O. T. Smith and Thos. M. Branden ; 
Friendship, No. 13, of Bellevue, R. E. Wyche and W. P. Yer- 
ger; Eureka, No. 14, Delhi, Simon Stein and R. H. Brumbey. 
Supreme Chancellor Woodruff called the meeting to order at 
ten o'clock, but several of the delegates not having .arrived the 
session was postponed until evening. The S. C. then stated the 
object of the meeting, and with the assistance of A. R. Booth, 
of Calanthe Lodge, No. 10, of Shreveport, conferred the Grand 
Lodge rank on all present. The first officers of the Grand 
Lodge were then elected and duly installed, to wit : W. R. 
Wadsworth, P. G. C, of Delta Lodge, No. 7, of Delta; John 
J. Scott, G. C, of Calanthe Lodge, No. 10, of Shreveport ; 
Francis Downey, G. V. C, of Orleans Lodge, No. 1, of New 
Orleans; David Lemley, G. P., of Royal Arch Lodge, No. 6, 
of New Orleans; Jno. G. Allen, G. M. of E., of Bossier Lodge, 
No. 5, of Red Land ; Herman Jacobs, G. K. of R. and S., of 
Samaritan Lodge, No. 9, of New Orleans ; Jno. Bradfield, G. 
M. at A., Delta Lodge, No. 7, of Delta; Horace Vallas, G. I. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 43 1 

G., of Royal Arch Lodge, No. 6, of New Orleans; N. Kahn, 
G. O. G., of Ezelda Lodge, No. it, of Milliken's Bend; S. 
R.'s, Dr. J. C. Beard, of Orleans Lodge, No. 1, of New Or- 
leans, for term ending December 31, 1883, and Dr. A. R. 
Booth, of Calanthe Lodge, No. 10, of Shreveport, for term 
ending December 31, 1881. 

The first annual session of the Grand Lodge was held in the 
city of New Orleans, May 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, and 14, 1881, and 
the second annual session was held at Shreveport, in May, 1882. 
The third annual convocation of the Grand Lodge of Louisiana 
was held in August, 1883, at Baton Rouge. This last session 
was of great interest, and the returns from the Subordinate 
Lodges indicate a grand advance during the past year. 38 Sub- 
ordinate Lodges were represented in this last convocation. The 
presence of distinguished Pythians from every section gave the 
courteous and friendly Knights opportunity of meeting them 
prior to the formal organization of the Grand Lodge, and the 
time was happily passed in forming that invincible friendship 
that exists to the end of life. The attention and courtesy lav- 
ished upon the representative men of the Order gained for them 
honest admirers and staunch friends, who wish them all possible 
success in the future. The presence of his Excellency, Gov. 
McEnery, and his amiable lady, attracted the attention of those 
.personally acquainted with that distinguished Pythian, yet had 
the masses recognized the quiet, unobtrusive gentleman who par- 
ticipated in the obsequies of the evening, an ovation would have 
been tendered him by his staunch admirers and friends. The 
most interesting feature of this session was the selection of officers 
to the worthy body of Pythians, and that selection gives to the 
Order in this section a new and true set of Pythians, who have 
been tried in the balance and found not wanting when called to 
the onerous duties now incumbent upon them. The election 
resulted in the selection of the following Knights, to wit : 

Grand Chancellor — Gen. Leon Jastremski, Baton Rouge. 

Grand Vice Chancellor — Col. J. S. Lanier, of Clinton. 

Grand Prelate — Hon. R. E. Wyche, of Bellevue. 

Grand Master of Exchequer — Hon. Win. Graynor, of New 
Orleans. 



43 2 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

Grand Keeper of Records and Seal — Francis Downey, of New 
Orleans. 

Grand Master-at-Ar?ns — R. A. Stone, Madison parish. 

Grand Inner Guard — Captain R. B. Rowley, of New Or- 
leans. 

Grand Outer Guard — J. S. Summerlin, of Rayville. 

Supreme Representatives — Col. Thos. 0. Benton, of Minden, 
and Dr. A. R. Booth, of Shreveport. 

We take the following extract from the able and eloquent ad- 
dress of Grand Chancellor Leon Jastremski : 

My Brethren : 1 can find no words to express the gratitude I feel for 
this crowning evidence of confidence, which you, acting in your representa- 
tive capacity, have been prompted to repose in me. It is indeed a great 
honor to be invested with the supreme command of 2,500 worthy Knights of 
Pythias, of the Grand Jurisdiction of Louisiana, especially when that honor 
is conferred, as in this instance, upon one who cannot claim veteran services 
in the cause of Pythianism. I was elected Chancellor Commander of Capi- 
tal Lodge, No. 29, at its organization in 1882. I was last year sent as a 
member of the Grand Lodge in company with that chevalier sans puer et sans 
reproche, the lamented Andrew S. Herron, whose noble life and character 
can now serve as a shining example to all posterity. Then, by your gener- 
osity, I was elected to fill the Grand Vice Chancellor's station, to assist that 
gifted and zealous Pythian, Col. Thos. O. Benton, my distinguished prede- 
cessor, and upon whose sound advice I shall rely when surrounded by diffi- 
culties which my inexperience might prevent me from surmounting. 

The Knight of our day is seldom a scion of noble ancestry. He is the 
builder of his fortunes in the struggling world, where distinctions are won 
by commendable traits of character. The Knight of our day, unlike his 
compeer of old, who, with sturdy arm, dealt blows to his adversary, seeks it 
in diving deep into the confines of knowledge, that he may assist the inventive 
genius of the age in benefiting his fellow-men, by facilitating the labors of 
the husbandman, and by bringing into close relations, by means of the tire- 
less iron steed, the population of distant regions. The Knight of our day 
lends a helping hand to his suffering brother, shields the widow and orphan 
from want and distress. With all he is no less brave than the rude and un- 
tutored Knight of old. At his country's call he flies to meet his foe, but he 
does so no longer at the bid of a master. On his banner is emblazoned the 
declaration of his fatherland and country — Liberty, Equality, and Fra- 
ternity. 

The next session of the Grand Lodge will be held on the 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT BOOK. 433 

Monday preceding the fourth Tuesday in April, 1884. Thus 
the Grand Lodge will meet on the day previous to the session 
of the Supreme Lodge of the World. 



Montana Territory. 

THE first Lodge, Knights of Pythias, in Montana Territory, 
was instituted at Butte City, in November, 1880, with 28 
charter members, by Fred. Miles, a member of Myrtle 
Lodge, No. 1, of Salt Lake City, Utah Territory. The name 
of this Lodge was and is Damon. Crescent Lodge, No. 2, was 
organized at Bozeman, and Myrtle, No. 3, was established at 
Helena. The fourth Lodge was instituted at Fort Benton, and 
was named Pythagoras ; the fifth being located at Butte City 
and named Ivanhoe. Valley Lodge, No. 6, was organized at 
Deer Lodge ; Crusader Lodge, No. 7, at Miles City, and Occi- 
dent Lodge, No. 8, at Dillon. Damon Lodge has the most 
money in the treasury, although Myrtle Lodge, No. 3, has the 
wealthiest membership. There is a prospect of the organiza- 
tion of another Lodge, at a very early day, at Glendive. 

There are 2 Divisions of the Uniform Rank in Montana, one 
at Helena and one at Butte City, with 3 Sections of the Endow- 
ment Rank, located respectively at Helena, Butte City, and Deer 
Lodge. The Sections are in a healthy and prosperous condition. 

The Order is in excellent shape and the Subordinate Lodges 
are now agitating the question of the formation of a Grand 
Lodge in the near future 

Walter L. Brotherton, of Butte City, is the present efficient 
Deputy Supreme Chancellor for Montana Territory. 



The Grand Jurisdiction of Oregon. 

r r^HIS new Grand Lodge was instituted on November 8, 

1 881, at Portland, Oregon, by Ward S. Stevens, Deputy 

Supreme Chancellor for Oregon, under special commission 

from Supreme Chancellor Lindsey. We append a list of the 

first Grand Officers, to wit : C. B. Golden, P. G. C. ; D. E. 

37 2.C 



434 TITE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

Buchanan, G. C. ; John O. Bozorth, G. V. C. ; Rev. A. S. Nich- 
olson, G. P. ; Ward S. Stevens, G. K. of R. and S.; John 
Holmes, G. M. of E.; William Mays, G. M. at A. ; S. L. Baer, 
G. I. G. ; H. J. Clark and Ed. D. Curtis, S. R.'s. 

The present number of Subordinate Lodges in this Grand 
Jurisdiction is 23, 20 of them being located in Oregon and 3 
in Washington Territory. The Oregon Lodges number up to 21, 
but there is no No. 5, that Lodge having become extinct before 
the organization of the Grand Lodge. The Order in this State 
and Jurisdiction is in a most excellent condition. All the 
Lodges are in good standing and working well. Ever since the 
institution of the Grand Lodge the old Lodges have reported 
continual gains and increased prosperity, and the new Lodges 
are all vigorous and prosperous. The outlook for the future is 
most encouraging, while it is probable that by the institution of 
the Grand Lodge of Washington Territory, Oregon will lose 3 
of her best Subordinate Lodges, yet there is a certainty of 2 
more Oregon Lodges being organized before February, 1884, 
and the probability of 2 or 3 more next spring. The member- 
ship of the Oregon Lodges is of excellent material and is con- 
stantly increasing. 

The total receipts of Subordinate Lodges for the year ending 
June 30, 1883, were $14,925.83, with a total expenditure of 
$11,975.07 for the same time. The total amount on hand at 
same date was $14,055.59, invested as follows, to wit : property, 
$6,604; cash invested in mortgages and notes, $1,151 ; cash in 
hands of M. of E.'s, $5,600.59. The aggregate amount paid out 
for relief of Knights and for burial of the dead, $215. The 
balance in hands of G. M. of E-, June 1, 1883, was $217.47, 
and the receipts for the year ending May 31, 1883, $2,338.19, 
making a total of $2,555 . 66. The expenditures for the year ending 
May 31, 1883, were $1,887.50, leaving balance on hand June 1, 
1883, $668.16. The present Grand Lodge Officers are as fol- 
lows, to wit : 

Past Grand Chancellor — Jno. Bozorth, 

Grand Chancellor — Robert Newcomb. 

Grand Vice Chancellor — George W. Hochstedler. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 435 

Grand Prelate— -J. C. Neitz. 

Grand Keeper of Records and Seal — Ward S. Stevens. 

Grand Master of Exchequer — John Holmes. 

Grand Master-at- Arms — John H. Batchelder. 

Grand Inner Guard — Felix R. Neale. 

Grand Outer Guard— William M. Geddes. 

Supreme Representatives — Ed. Curtis and D. E. Buchanan. 



The Grand Jurisdiction of Arkansas. 

THE Grand Lodge of Arkansas was instituted on the 2 2d 
of June, 1882, by W. Bryce Thompson, S. P. The first 
Grand Lodge Officers were as follows, to wit : D. W. Pol- 
lock, P. G. C. ; Thomas Essex, G. C. ; H. G. Allis, G. V. C. ; 
W. P. Fletcher, G. P. ; W. S. Jeter, G. M. of E. ; Jno. M. 
Taylor, G. K. of R. and S. ; A. Davis, G. M. at A. ; Chas. 
Matthew, G. I. G. ; and T. L. Montgomery, G. O. G. 

The present number of Lodges is 22, and the condition and 
future prospects of the Order in the State are good. There is 
one Division of the Uniform Rank in this Grand Jurisdiction, 
and the Rank is regarded with favor. There are 5 Sections 
of the Endowment Rank in the State, which are enjoying a fair 
degree of prosperity. The present membership is 903, being a 
net gain of 188 during the past year. The total receipts by 
Subordinate Lodges were $12,028.66, and the total expendi- 
tures $7,579.67. The amount on hand and well invested is 
$4,693.92. The aggregate amount paid out for relief of Knights 
is $769.40, and for the burial of the dead, $433. The Order is 
in a very healthy and prosperous condition, and is composed of 
the best material in Arkansas. The last session of the Grand 
Lodge was held at Hot Springs, May 9 and 10, 1883. In his 
able and exhaustive report to the Grand Lodge, the Grand 
Keeper of Records and Seal says : 



436 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

I have nothing but congratulations to offer upon the good results of the 
past year's work in the Subordinate Lodges. The Order throughout the 
State has progressed steadily, and although in no place has the increase been 
remarkable, yet it consists of good material — men who have come to stay. 
Establishing new Lodges has been attended with no little difficulty, because 
in most towns where there is no Lodge those desiring to form a Lodge are 
not members, and are entirely unacquainted with the work of the Order. 
Yet, notwithstanding these difficulties, nearly all the old Lodges report an 
increase. The net increase throughout the State from June 1, 1882, to June 
1, 1883, was 188, or more than 26 per cent. Since adjournment of the 
Grand Lodge, in May, 1882, excellent Lodges have been instituted at the 
cities of Fort Smith, Arkansas City, Ozark, Fayetteville, and Magnolia, under 
the names of Oklohma, No. 20; Valley, No. 21 ; Mystic, No. 22 ; Columbia, 
No. 24. More Lodges might have been instituted had there been a more 
progressive spirit in the officers of the Grand Lodge, and members of the 
Order in general. Something must be done to correct this trouble, and I 
would recommend that the Grand Lodge take such action as will provide a 
fund, and direct that the entire amount, or so much thereof as may be neces- 
sary, be used for the purpose of setting forth the objects of the Order, and in 
organizing new Lodges. More especially is the want of some one to travel 
throughout the State, setting forth our principles and soliciting applications 
for new Lodges. For Grand Chancellor Allis and myself, I would offer the 
same excuse — business cares and responsibilities. And, while I have been 
present at the institution of all but one new Lodge, yet it has always been at 
the sacrifice of personal affairs, but I have been richly repaid, and only re- 
gret that more of my time could not be given to this pleasant work. 

The present Grand Lodge Officers are as follows, to wit : 
Past Grand Chancellor — H. G. Allis. 
Grand Chancellor — A. A. Tuxt. 
Grand Vice Chancellor — J. L. Butterfield. 
Grand Prelate — F. M. Thompson. 
Grand Master of Exchequer — W. S. Jeter. 
Grand Keeper of Records and Seal — Jno. M. Taylor. 
Grand Master-at-Arms — J. Heilgers. 
Grand Inner Guard — N. M. Alexander. 
Grand Outer Guard — M. Jessup. 
Supreme Representatives — Bob. Newell and Thomas Essex, 
of Little Rock. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 437 

Washington Territory. 

THE Order was first introduced into this far north-western 
Territory through the efforts of the California brethren. 
Ivanhoe Lodge, No. 1, was instituted at Walla Walla, by 
Knight J. B. Lewis, who was specially deputized for that pur- 
pose, and was afterwards appointed D. S. C. for this Territory. 
This Lodge was instituted June 20, 1882, with 27 charter 
members. The country at that time being sparsely settled, made 
the increase of Lodges one of great labor and inconvenience, 
and it was not until August 3, 1877, tnat Delphia Lodge, No. 
2, was instituted at New Castle, with 15 charter members, by 
James McAulirT, of Walla Walla, who had succeeded Knights 
Lewis and Caton as D. S. C. Dayton Lodge, No. 3, at Day- 
ton, was instituted on March 27, 1878, with 33 charter mem- 
bers. This Lodge had some misfortune, as it was suspended 
for some time, but is now in a flourishing condition. Cceur De 
Leon Lodge, No. 4, was instituted at Colfax, on June 3, 1879, 
with 17 charter members, and continued to prosper until the 
disastrous fire of 1881 quite destroyed the business portion of 
the town, in which the Lodge lost everything, ceased to hold 
meetings, and finally suspended. Harmony Lodge, No. 5, was 
instituted at Seattle, on June 30, 1879, with *9 charter mem- 
bers, and has been prosperous ever since. Vancouver Lodge, 
No. 6, was instituted at Vancouver, on September 18, 1880, 
with 16 charter members, and when the Grand Lodge was formed 
in Oregon, this Lodge, by request, was placed under the Juris- 
diction of Oregon, and remains so at this date. Commencement 
Lodge, No. 7, of New Tacoma, was instituted by G. Kellog, 
of Harmony Lodge, No. 5 (who was appointed special deputy 
for that occasion), on October 22, 1881, with a membership of 
61. This Lodge has prospered numerically and financially, and 
•is now one of the most flourishing Lodges in the Territory, and 
has a membership of 99 in good standing. Columbia Lodge, 
No. 8, was instituted at Walla Walla on October 22, 1882, by 
Joseph C. Neitz, P. C. of Friendship Lodge, No. 9, of Oregon. 



43 $ THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

This Lodge was instituted through the authority of Oregon, and 
is still under that authority. 

Geo. W. Alexander was appointed D. S. C. on the first day 
of January, 1883, and since that time has instituted several 
Lodges. On January 27, 1883, assisted by Richard Osborn, 
he instituted Far West Lodge, No. 1, of Victoria, B. C, with 
a membership of 28. This Lodge is in excellent condition and 
rapidly increasing in members. Ferndale Lodge, No. 9, was in- 
stituted on September 4, 1883, at Ferndale, with 24 charter 
members, and Queen City Lodge, No. 10, was organized at 
Seattle on November 15, 1883, with a membership of 16, 
Colfax Lodge, No. 11, was organized on December 13, 1883, and 
Sunset Lodge, No. 12, at Whatcorn, on December 20, 1883. 
A majority of the Lodges have signed a petition for a Grand Lodge 
for Washington Territory, and hope to have the same organized 
during the month of February, 1884. Several petitions are be- 
ing circulated for new Lodges in various parts of the Territory, 
and when the Grand Lodge is organized there will be a great 
increase in interest and members. The membership in the va- 
rious Lodges is as follows, to wit : 

Ivanhoe, No. 1 52 

Delphia, No. 2 28 

Dayton, No. 3 (under Oregon) ., 31 

Harmony, No. 5 79 

Vancouver, No. 6 (under Oregon) 36 

Commencement, No. 7 99 

Columbia, No. 8 (under Oregon) 74 

Ferndale, No. 9 , 24 

Queen City, No. 10 , 24 



Manitoba. 



AS far as can be ascertained, the first members of the Order 
of Knights of Pythias who settled in the Province of Mani? 
toba were R. P. Dinsmore, P. G. C, of Minerva Lodge, 
Orillia, Ontario, J. W. Johnson, of the same Lodge, N. S. Shaw, 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 439 

P. C. of Crusader Lodge, Port Arthur, and F. La Belle, of 
Gauntlet Lodge, of Chicago, 111. These Knights had been 
residents of Winnipeg City for the past eight or ten years, but 
it was not until October, 1882. that any active measures were 
taken towards forming a Lodge. About that time, consulting 
with Knights Cornish, Shaw, and Rice, Knight Harris inserted 
a notice in the daily paper published in the city, asking any resi- 
dent Knights to correspond with him with a view to organizing 
a Lodge. About ten answers were received, and steps were 
promptly taken to call the preliminary meeting. This meeting 
was addressed by Knight Harris, pointing out the principal 
features of the Order, and resulted in the forwarding of the ap- 
plication, with 25 names attached, to the Supreme Chancellor 
for his approval and the dispensation of institution of Winnipeg 
Lodge, No. 1. Knight J. H. Harris, in the meantime, was ap- 
pointed D. S. C. for the Province of Manitoba, receiving his 
commission, which was dated Jan. 18, 1883. He was ap- 
pointed on the recommendation of J. S. King, M. D., P. G. C. 
and S. R., and Geo. H. Mitchell, P. G. C. and S. R., both of 
Toronto, Ontario. This Lodge is the first Lodge instituted 
north of the 49th parallel, thus unfurling for the first time the 
banner of Pythianism in the British possessions of the Great 
North-West. On March 6, 1883, the ceremonies of institu- 
tion of Winnipeg Lodge, No. 1, were commenced at half-past 
five o'clock in the evening, by Knight Harris, D. S. C, assisted 
by P. C. Cornish and P. C. Shaw, Knight Foster of Ivanhoe 
Lodge, Toronto, Knights Jones, Rice, Hocking, Freyer, La 
Belle, and Brown also participating in the instituting exercises. 
The first officers of the new Lodge elected and installed were as 
follows, to wit: Col. P. H. Atwood, C. C. ; A. E. Rice, V. C. ; 
Wm. Freyer, P. ; J. W. Johnson, M. of E. ; N. S. Shaw, M. 
of F. ; John Cousins, K. of R. and S. ; H. Austil, M. at A. ; 
F. La Belle, I. G. Since then, and up to December 6, 1883, 
Winnipeg Lodge, No. 1, has continued to grow and prosper 
with unusual activity. The roster now shows 70 Knights in 
good standing besides 10 Pages and Esquires. In March, 1883, 
Knight Wilson, P. C. of Mystic Lodge, Toronto, decided to 



440 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

locate at Moose Jaw, and embark in business there. This place 
is a town of one year's growth on the line of the Canadian Pa- 
cific Railway, 480 miles west of Winnipeg. Upon his arrival 
at the latter place, en route for Moose Jaw, Knight Wilson met 
and formed the acquaintance of Knight Harris, and signified 
his intention of forming a Lodge in Moose Jaw. The applica- 
tion has been forwarded to and approved by the Supreme Chan- 
cellor, and the dispensation for Mystic Lodge, No. 2, has been 
issued, and ere this the Lodge is no doubt in working order. 
Five Knights, members of Winnipeg Lodge, No. 1, took their 
withdrawal cards from the parent Lodge and forwarded appli- 
cation for a Lodge to be known as Myrtle Lodge, No. 3. The 
petition was signed by 18 applicants, and approved by the Su- 
preme Chancellor and the dispensation granted accordingly. 
On the 5th of November, 1883, D. S. C. Harris, assisted by the 
following Brethren, acting as Supreme Officers, to wit : C. C. 
Atwood as S. C, H. G. Austil as S. V. C, J. Cornish as S. P. 
C, A. Buser as S. P., W. Plummer as M. at A., and A. G. 
Boutiller as S. K. of R. and S., commenced the ceremonies of 
institution on the following Monday, and the following officers 
were elected and installed, to wit : W. M. Lieslunard, P. C. ; 
A. G. Boutiller, C. C. ; W. W. Lumsden, V. C. ; A. Buser, P. jj 
G. Farley, K. of R. and S. ; J. F. Lieslunard, M. of E. ; H.J. 
Jolly, M. of F. ; Geo. Sinclair, M. at A. ; H. Bolster, I. G. • 
J. W. Libbald, O. G. Among the charter members of this 
Lodge are his Worship, A. McMicken, Mayor of Winnipeg, 
and A. C. Killam, Member of the Provincial Parliament; 
Wm. McGregor, Ex. M. P. of Essex Co., Ontario; D. B. 
Murray, Chief of Police ; Dr. Jones, Dr. O'Donnell, Dr. 
Brett, Wm. Whitehead, M.D., H. Bolster, and J. Ross, Barris- 
ters ; E. Marsden, Clerk of the Surrogate Court, Geo. Boutiller, 
Deputy Collector of Inland Revenue, and 13 other gentlemen 
prominent in business circles in Winnipeg. 

A very pleasing feature in connection with this Lodge, and 
one that will be highly interesting and appreciated by prominent 
Knights in other Jurisdictions, is, that the use of the Ritual is 
entirely discarded at their regular conventions, being even dis- 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 441 

allowed at the Lodge sessions. Another gratifying feature of 
this Lodge is that its membership comprises a D. D. G. M., P. 
G. M., two P. M.'s of the Masonic fraternity, and other es- 
teemed members of that grand old Order. There is also a P. 
G. M. of the I. O. O. F. among the charter members. The 
indications now are that the future of this Lodge will exceed 
the most sanguine expectations of the original promoters. About 
the time of the organization of Myrtle Lodge, No. 3, Knights 
Harris and Cornish suggested to O'Deel, P. C., formerly of 
Minerva Lodge, Orillia, Ontario, that first-class material for the 
successful working of a Lodge of our Order could be found 
among the employees of the C. and P. R. R. in Winnipeg 
City, if the subject was properly placed before them. A blank 
application was placed in the hands of P. C. O'Deel, and in a 
short time a petition was circulated and some 25 signatures were 
obtained among the foremen and master mechanics, of the ex- 
tensive works of the C. and P. R. R. at Winnipeg. On the 
24th of November, 1883, the institution of the said Lodge was 
approved, and the following officers were elected and installed, 
to wit: H. O'Deel, P. C. ; H. Hocking, C. C. ; Jas. Wilkins, 
V. C. ; Jas. Gander, P. ; Jas. Jannisse, M. of E. ; Dr. Orton, 
M. of F. ; W. B. Cousins, K. of R. and S. ; A. Eddy, M. at 
A. ; Thos. Guy, I. G. ; J. W. Libbald, O. G. 
, This Lodge is in a most flourishing condition, and will, no 
doubt, become, erelong, the banner Lodge of the Province. It will 
thus be seen that since the institution of Winnipeg Lodge, No. 1, 
on March 6, 1883, three other dispensations have been issued, 
making a total of 4 Lodges, with a conjoint membership of 150. 
Efforts are being made with a view to establishing, in the near 
future, Lodges at Seakirk, Brandon, Portage, and La Prairie. 
The area of the Province of Manitoba is 400,000 square miles, 
with a population of 150,000, but rapidly increasing. Winni- 
peg City has 25,000 inhabitants, and it is situated 430 miles 
west of Port Arthur, at the head of Lake Superior, and 435 
miles north of St. Paul, Minn. The fraternal visits are conse- 
quently few, but it is expected that the rapid increase in popu- 
lation, and the firm hold the Order has taken in the Province, 



442 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

only a short time will elapse ere the interests of Pythianism in 
this rapidly growing country will be of sufficient importance to 
induce special visits from Knights holding high and honorable 
offices in our Order. Should officers or Knights at any time be- 
come imbued with a spirit of travel towards the North, they can 
feel assured of as hearty a welcome as is in the power of Pyth- 
ian Knights to accord. 

The Knights are sanguine in their expectations of shortly 
being in a position to institute a Grand Lodge. Too much 
cannot be said of the deep interest which has been manifested 
in the success and growth of the Order of Knights of Pythias 
in this Province by Knights King and Mitchell, of Toronto, 
Knight George H. Leslie, of Ontario, and Supreme Chancellor 
Linton. In this connection it might not be amiss to give a few 
extracts from letters received by Knight Harris, D. S. C., from 
the Supreme Chancellor. 

Johnstown, Pa., January 18, 1883. 
J. H. Harris, Esq., D. S. C, 

Winnipeg, Manitoba. 
Dear Sir and Bro. : I am just in receipt of your esteemed favor of the 
9th inst. I congratulate you on the success of your efforts to organize a 
Lodge of Knights of Pythias in your Province, and I hope sincerely it will 
be but a harbinger of many more yet to be formed. 

While many Lodges have been formed in various localities since I was 
honored with the position I now hold, I confess that the formation of your 
Lodge and one at Victoria, British Columbia, has given me the greatest 
pleasure. I hail with delight any movement tending to make the Order uni- 
versal, and not merely national. 

We expect soon to institute a Lodge in the Republic of Mexico. 
Yours respectfully and fraternally, 

Jno. P. Linton, S. C. 

. . . I am in receipt of a letter from Bro. Barnes, of Cincinnati, speak- 
ing in the highest terms of Winnipeg Lodge, and your honored proposed 
new Division, and I congratulate you on your success, and assure you and 
my Brethren in Manitoba that I feel a personal gratification at the high stand- 
ing they are taking in the fraternity. If Manitoba and New Brunswick should 
be able^to organize Grand Lodges, and thus with Ontario send 6 Representa- 
tives to the next session of the Supreme Lodge at New Orleans, I am confi- 
dent they would be received with a most courteous and cordial welcome. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 443 

I am not without hope of organizing a Grand Lodge in Mexico before the 
expiration of my official term, and then we can truly say, 

" No pent up Utica contracts our powers, 
The whole boundless continent is ours." 

Yours truly, 

Jno. P. Linton. 

. . . I can only repeat my congratulations at the success of your labors. 
Since I have been honored with the position of Supreme Chancellor the Or- 
der has been eveiywhere prosperous, but I believe the relative progress has 
been greater in your Jurisdiction than in any other location. Four Lodges 
from nothing is certainly a remarkable advance. 
Renewing the expression of my highest regards, 
I am, resp'y and fraternally, 

Jno. P. Linton, S. C. 

A Division of the Uniform Rank, Prince Rupert's, No. 1, 
will be instituted shortly, 20 of the uniforms having arrived and 
the others being under order from the manufacturing company, 
who pronounce them to be second to none on the continent, 
and it only remains for a corresponding efficiency on the part 
of the Sir Knights to place them in the front ranks of Pythian 
Knighthood. The Division will be led by the following offi- 
cers, to wit : 

Sir Knight Commander — Col. Atwood. 
, Sir Knight Lieutenant Commander — Capt. Knight. 

Sir Knight Herald — J. H. Harris. 

Sir Knight Treasurer — J. P. Densmore. 

Sir Knight Recorder — J. B. McDowell. 

Sir Knight Sentinel — H. J. Austie. 

Col. P. H. Atwood, the first C. C. of Winnipeg Lodge, No. 
1, and Sir Knight Commander of Prince Rupert's Division U. 
R., has a reputation as an officer in Canadian volunteer service 
of a high order, having been for a number of years and until 
recently the commanding officer of one of the best regiments 
in the country. Capt. Knight, the Sir Knight Lieut. Comman- 
der, is at the present time in command of the Winnipeg Troops 
of Cavalry, and was for some years associated with the North- 
west mounted police. J. H. Harris, the Sir Knight Herald, 



444 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS, ETC. 

has also had some years of military experience in connection 
with the volunteer service in England. 

That the new Division will render a good account of itself, 
and sustain the credit of this branch of Pythianism, is an as- 
sured fact, officered as it is by gentlemen whose reputation can 
only be sustained by an efficient and well drilled corps. A Sec- 
tion of the Endowment Rank is also being organized, the nec- 
essary papers being now in the hands of the Medical Exam- 
iner. The application contains the names of 17 Knights, and 
a number of others have signified their intention of availing 
themselves of the privileges of this provision of the Order. 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 



JUSTUS H. RATH BONE. 

Past Supreme Chancellor and Founder of the Order of Knights 

of Pythias. 

IN the history of the Oder of K. of P. the town of Deerfield, 
in Oneida county, N. Y., will be noted as a spot of great 

interest, for there, on the 29th of October, 1839, tne founder 
of the Order first opened his eyes upon the world, to the allevia- 
tion of whose sorrows he was destined to contribute so large a 
share. His father, Justus Hull Rathbone, Esq., was a prominent 
lawyer in the city of Utica, and his mother, Sarah Elizabeth 
Dwight, who died March 20, 1852, was a lineal descendant 
of Jonathan Edwards, and a member of the famous Dwight 
family of New England. 

The name first given to him was Henry Edwin Dwight, but 
in 1849, Dv striking out Edwin Dwight, and prefixing the 
father's name, Justus, he received his present name, Justus 
Henry Rathbone, a name which, to those who have the pleasure 
of knowing him, is synonymous with everything that is true and 
devoted in human nature. 

Arriving at the proper age, the subject of our sketch passed 
through the courses of instruction of Mount Vernon Boarding 
School, Courtland Academy, Carlisle Seminary, and Madison 
University, prominent institutions of learning in his native 
State. Then the East growing too narrow for his expanding, 
restless mind, he went, in 1857, to Lake Superior, where he was 
engaged in teaching school at Eagle Harbor, Eagle River, the 
North-west and Central Mines, and also for an assistant clerk of 
the latter mining company. 

At the breaking out of the war, he with others formed a cora- 
33 445 



446 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

pany of volunteers to join the then forming First Michigan 
Regiment. On account of some informality, however, the com- 
pany was not accepted by the governor, but its members subse- 
quently enlisted in other portions of the State. 

While in charge of the Eagle Harbor school, he became so 
impressed with the story of Damon and Pythias, and the noble 
self-sacrifice of Pythias, that he determined to do all in his 
power to induce men to follow an example so pure, generous, and 
true. The result of his study of the character was the ritual of 
the Order of the K. of P. — a ritual which has so taken hold of 
the hearts of men that, to-day, the growth of the Order is with- 
out parallel in the history of secret organizations. 

The death of his father, May, 1861, caused him to leave the 
Lake Superior country, and while on a visit to his only sister, 
Mrs. J. O. Pease, of Germantown, Pa., he received the offer 
and accepted the position of chief clerk of the U. S. hospital 
at that place. That position he filled until he entered the army, 
and was ordered to Washington, D. C, for duty in the Medical 
Department in 1863, where he remained until 1865, when he 
accepted a civil clerkship in the office of the Commissary- 
General of Subsistence. In 1866 he resigned this position, 
however, accepting a clerkship in the Second Auditor's office, 
Treasury Department, and in 1869 he resigned this also, and 
went to Boston to fill a position in Stetson's publishing house. 
There he remained until the Independent News Company of 
New York city was purchased by Mr. Stetson, when he was sent to 
that city as treasurer of the company and was subsequently made 
its superintendent, filling the position until the company closed 
business. Soon thereafter he returned to Washington, and 
entered the War Department as clerk, where he now is in the 
Adjutant-General's office. 

Mr. Rathbone married, August 11, 1862, Miss Emma Louise 
Sanger, of Utica, N. Y. ; her father, Gerry Sanger, Esq., being 
an old resident of that place. Five children, three of whom, 
two boys and a girl, sank into an early grave, blessed their 
union ; the two remaining ones are lovely girls of thirteen and 
sixteen years respectively. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 447 

Mr. Rathbone is five feet ten and a half inches in height, 
weighs 220 pounds, has dark-brown hair and blue eyes. Pos- 
sessing fine natural abilities, joined to a thorough education, he 
is eminently valuable in any clerical position he may assume, 
being, aside from all else, a rapid as well as excellent penman. 

Besides the Ritual of the K. of P., he has written the Ritual 
of the S. P. K., the Monks of Arcadia, the Mystic Order of 
Seven, and the musical burlesque of " Pocahontas in Black," in 
the title role of which latter he has appeared on several occasions 
at amateur entertainments, and gained unbounded applause. 
Besides his literary talent, Mr. Rathbone possesses a genius for 
music — composition as well as execution. He plays several in- 
struments remarkably well, has composed some very meritorious 
pieces, and is, in rendition of ballads especially, one of the best 
and most admired singers ; his voice, although of tenor quality, 
being of such compass as to allow him to take any part whatever 
successfully. 

Being naturally unsuspicious and possessed of warm, strong 
feelings, Mr. Rathbone was peculiarly liable to receive the hard 
blows an unsparing world deals to its unarmed citizens, and has 
consequently suffered intensely through ingratitude and deception 
'during his checkered career. Still, his firm faith in the innate 
worth of mankind, and the final triumph of truth, has kept his 
heart warm and true, and his disposition unsoured ; and there is 
no man living to-day who is a more sincere, devoted friend, a 
more unselfish, self-sacrificing champion of the betrayed and 
maligned, or a more perfect embodiment of the noble principles 
of the Order he called into life, than Justus H. Rathbone, at 
present a member of Sicilian Lodge, No. 97, K. of P., Bowie, 
Maryland. 

District of Columbia, ^ 
Washington County, / ° Wl ' 

The undersigned, who were present at the first reading of the 1st, 2d, and 
3d Degrees of the Order of Knights of Pythias, which took place in the house 
No. 369, F Street, near the corner of 9th Street, in the City of Washington, 
D. C, on Monday evening, the 15th of February, 1864, do make this their 
voluntary statement, to wit : That Justus Henry Rathbone, of the cily of 



448 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

Washington and District of Columbians the sole and only originator and 
founder of the Order of Knights of Pythias, and that the work was complete 
when read to us as above ; that at the committee meetings, of which we were 
members, nothing was done except to re-read the work as originally prepared by 
said J. H. Rathbone, and endorse it, no change was made. Mr. Joel R. Wood- 
ruff suggested an addition to the Third, or Knight Degree, which was accepted ; 
said addition being now in use in another Order. The impression which 
prevails that Joseph T. K. Plant is the founder, or assistant founder, of the 
Order, is false in every particular. The only connection he had therewith 
was voluntarily offering the use of his parlor for the committee to hold their 
meetings therein. We further certify that the Ritual was prepared complete 
before J. T. K. Plant or Joel R. Woodruff had any connection with the 
Order, or were even spoken to in reference to joining Washington Lodge, 
No. i, K. of P. [Signed,] D. L. Burnett. 

[Signed,] W. H. Burnett. 

[Signed,] E. S. Kimball, M.D. 

[Signed,] Robt. A. Champion. 

Sworn to and subscribed before me this 6th day of March, a. d. 1869. 

[Signed,] T. Drury, J. P. 

CLERK'S CERTIFICATE. 

District of Columbia, to wit : 

T, R. J. Meigs, Clerk of the Supreme Court of the District of Columbia, 
hereby certify that Terence Drury, whose genuine signature is subscribed to 
the foregoing certificate of oath, was at the time of signing and attesting the 
same, a Justice of the Peace for said District, duly commissioned and 
qualified, authorized to take acknowledgments, and to administer oaths ; and 
that his attestation thereto is according to law. 

Witness my hand and the seal of said Court, this 6th day of March, 1869. 

[5 ct. Rev. Stamp.] (seal) [Signed,] R. J. Meigs, Clerk. 

He is also, by resolution of the Supreme Lodge of the World 
(session 1877), Supreme Lecturer, and has, during the past five 
years, visited several of the Grand Jurisdictions in the latter 
capacity, in response to invitations received to hear his grand 
lectures entitled "True Pythianism,' 7 and "The Mission of our 
Order." 

These lectures are elegant in diction, sublime in sentiment, 
beautiful in rhetoric, and in every respect worthy of their 
eminent and distinguished author. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 449 

WM. HENRY BURNETT, 

One of the Original Four Members, 

''PHE son of a well-known and influential Baptist clergyman, 
was born in Adams county, Ohio, October 10, 1840. About 
the year 1842 the family removed to Mount Pleasant, Henry 
county, Iowa, and there, at the High-School of Prof. S. L. Howe, 
the subject of our sketch received an excellent education, having 
completed which, he engaged in clerical labor until he, in 1863, 
came to Washington, D. C. In 1864 he received an appoint- 
ment as clerk in the War Department under Secretary Stanton ; 
and from that time he has remained in the employment of the 
government, occupying at present a position of importance and 
trust in the Quartermaster-General's office. In person Mr. Bur- 
nett is rather below the medium height, though firmly and com- 
pactly built ; his face, a pleasing oval, is framed by dark hair, 
and lighted up with a pair of fine dark eyes, which make his 
singing, gifted as he is with one of the sweetest tenor voices in 
Washington, the more effective. Reserved in his demeanor to- 
wards strangers and casual acquaintances, he is among his asso- 
ciates noted not only for his cheerful, pleasant ways, but also for 
his sterling qualities and devotion to his friends. Although the 
petted and admired tenor of choirs and concerts, he has, so far, 
escaped Hymen's yoke, and seems to prefer the badge of Pythias 
to that of Cupid. 



DAVID L. BURNETT, 

One of the Original Four Members, 

WAS born in Adams county, Ohio, January 4, 1837. Like 
his brother, Wm. H. Burnett, he went, in the year 1842, 
with his parents to Mount Pleasant, Iowa, and there, at 
the High-School of Prof. S. L. Howe, received an excellent 
education. In January, 1863, he came to Washington, D. C, 
and received an appointment as clerk in the War Department 
(Paymaster-General's office). In June, 1868, he was transferred 
38* 2D 



45° THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

to the Treasury, being assigned to the office of the Auditor of 
the Treasury for the Post-Office Department, and in that position 
he has remained, being so trusted and valued a clerk that he was 
one of the few selected to go to Europe in connection with the 
syndicate. In person Mr. D. L. Burnett is of medium height, 
and rather slight built ; has a florid complexion, and very pre- 
possessing exterior generally. His disposition is genial, and his 
manners of that affable kind which impress associates with the 
sense of thorough friendliness. He also possesses a fine tenor 
voice, and is sought after in society; but, unlike his brother, 
he married early, and rejoices in the possession of a lovely 
daughter. 



ROBERT ALLEN CHAMPION, 
One of the Original Four Members, 

THE second member of the Order of Knights of Pythias, 
was born in New York city, November 10, 1843. He 
received an academic education, and in early life entered 
the employ of A. T. Stewart, the celebrated dry-goods merchant 
of that city, where he remained until the war broke out. He 
then enlisted and was ordered directly to the front; but his 
naturally frail physique was not equal to the hardships of a 
soldier's life, and in 1862 he was sent for treatment to a Phil- 
adelphia hospital. The disease contracted in the line of duty 
had become chronic, however, and incapacitated him for service 
in the field.; he was, therefore, transferred, as a convalescent, to 
the U. S. Hospital at Germantown, Pa., of which institution he 
was soon after made chief steward. In 1863 he was ordered for 
duty to the Surgeon-General's office at Washington, D. C., and 
at the expiration of his term of enlistment, still suffering from the 
effects of his malady, he received an appointment as clerk in the 
Second Auditor's office, U. S. Treasury, which position he occu- 
pied until he died. His disease causing him continued suffering, it 
was thought that a complete change of air might possibly benefit 
him, and in the latter part of August, 1873, ne sa i ie( l f° r Europe. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 45 I 

The hopes entertained for his recovery were futile, however, for 
on September 25, 1873, soon after his arrival at Edinburgh, Scot- 
land, he died. His remains were duly honored by his Masonic 
brethren of that city, and were by them forwarded to Washing- 
ton, where, November 23, 1873, ms funeral, one of the most 
imposing and largely attended Masonic interments ever known, 
took place. These outlines of his life would not be complete, 
though, without a description of the moral part of Robert A. 
Champion ; and here, indeed, words fail to do him justice, for 
never was purer, truer, nobler soul encased in mortal flesh than 
was the case in his frail, suffering body. High-souled, generous, 
conscientious to the highest degree, his name was synonymous 
with everything pure and good, and high principle was the 
guiding star of his life. Of him can be truly said, "*None knew 
him but to love him," for none knew him to swerve one iota 
from the line of rectitude and duty, and truth, justice, and hu- 
manity had in him a never failing, devoted follower. 



EDWARD S. KIMBALL, M. D., 
One of the Original Four Members. 

EDWARD SULLIVAN KIMBALL was born in Trenton, N. 
J., February 21, 1844; received his education in the State 
of Maine, from whence he came to the city of Washington, 
September 5, 1863. Soon after his arrival at Washington, he 
received an appointment as hospital steward in the regular 
army, and was detailed for duty in the office of the Surgeon- 
General, where he remained until he was offered a clerical posi- 
tion of much responsibility in the Secretary's office of the 
Treasury Department, which he has held ever since. Mr. Kim- 
ball commenced the study of medicine in the fall of 1864, and 
.received his degree of M. D. from Georgetown (D. C.) College, 
in the spring of 1866. He is considered one of the bright lights 
in the medical firmament of Washington, and is the youngest 
practitioner of the homoeopathic school of medicine in the city. 



452 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

Dr. Kimball is an accomplished musician, and as an organist 
ranks among the best. His services as conductor of musical or- 
ganizations are in constant demand, but, owing to his many other 
duties, he seldom appears in public. The " Madrigal Society" 
of Washington, composed of some of the best vocal talent in the 
city, owes its inception to him, and its success is in a great 
measure ascribable to his indefatigable exertions, indomitable 
energy, and superior ability. 

To paint a pen portrait of Dr. Kimball's character is not a 
difficult task. Generous-hearted and sincere, his good right 
hand is ever ready to aid a friend ; he never speaks ill of his 
fellow-man, or gives countenance to evil report, but on every 
occasion stands ready and willing to become the champion and 
defender of the oppressed. Many, very many of his brethren 
owe lasting debts of gratitude to him for repeated acts of disin- 
terested kindness and unselfish efforts in their behalf. If ever 
a human being clearly and thoroughly understood the full intent 
and meaning of the word friendship, and was ever ready to prac- 
tically exemplify its signification, it is the subject of our sketch. 
With him friendship is something more than a mere name. 

Dr. Kimball is married and the father of two lovely children. 



HON. S. S. DAVIS, 

Past Supreme Chancellor. 

THE former executive head of our Order was born on the 
14th day of October, 1826, at Dunstable, "Massachusetts. 
He remained at home with his parents on a farm until he 
was seventeen years old. 

In 1844 his father died, leaving a large family, and the subject 
hereof being the oldest but one, left home and went to Nashua, 
N. H., and has continued to reside there ever since. He has a 
thorough academic education, and was fitted for the mercantile 
business in a commercial college in Boston, Mass. A part of his 
early life was spent in teaching in the city of Nashua; afterwards 





a^ <& t&Zs^k?', 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT- BOOK. 453 

learning a trade, when he entered the counting-room of his em- 
plover as bookkeeper, where two hundred men were employed. 
After serving in that capacity for seven years, failing health ad- 
monished him that a change of business was necessary, requiring 
less confinement. 

He was elected superintendent of a heavy manufacturing cor- 
poration, and served for several years in that position. Upon 
resigning the last-named place, he was employed as bookkeeper 
for a corporation in Boston, Mass., but still kept his residence at 
Nashua. During the time he was thus employed, he travelled 
extensively in the Middle, Western, and Southern States, adjust- 
ing the accounts of the corporation. 

In 1858 he returned to Nashua and engaged in manufacturing 
until the commencement of the rebellion, when he entered the 
naval service as paymaster, and remained therein until December 
12, 1865, when, upon a satisfactory settlement of his accounts 
with the Government, he applied for and received an honor- 
able discharge. In 1866 Supreme Chancellor Davis travelled 
extensively over the country for another firm, and in 1867 pur- 
chased a manufacturing business, which he is still engaged in. 

His life has been an unusually active one, and his great influ- 
ence has always been on the side of truth, justice, and humanity. 
His worth and talents have been recognized by his compeers in 
calling him to fill responsible positions in the city government, 
and his appointment by the Governor of New Hampshire as one 
of his staff, with the rank of colonel. For over twenty years 
he has been connected with the Masonic fraternity. 

In 1848 he was initiated into Granite Lodge, No. 1, I. O. 
O. F., and soon became identified with all its interests, being 
elected three times their presiding officer, and entering the Grand 
Lodge of New Hampshire in 1853, was elected Grand Master in 
1857. His promotion was rapid in that Order, as the same year 
he was elected a Grand Representative from the Grand Encamp- 
ment of New Hampshire to the Grand Lodge of the United 
States. He has indelibly impressed his genius and learning on 
the legislation of these Grand bodies, having drafted the present 
constitutions of the Gra d and Subordinate Lodges and Grand 



454 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

and Subordinate Encampments of his State. Our brother was 
elected a Representative by the Grand Lodge of New Hampshire 
in 1867 to the Grand Lodge of the United States, making in all 
four years, service as Grand Representative. 

He was made a Knight in June, 1870, and was present at the 
organization of the Grand Lodge Knights of Pythias of New 
Hampshire, on the 20th day of October of the same year. He 
was elected the first Grand Chancellor of that Grand Jurisdic- 
tion, serving until the first annual session in February, 1871, 
when he was re-elected, and served another full year. At the 
close of his official term, the Grand Lodge was entirely free from 
debt, with an ample supply of everything necessary in the pros- 
ecution of its business, and the number of Subordinate Lodges 
was doubled. 

He took his seat as a Representative in the Supreme Lodge 
of the World at its third annual session at Philadelphia, on the 
1 8th day of April, 1871, and has been present at every session 
of that honorable body since. 

In 1872, the subject of this sketch was elected Supreme Vice 
Chancellor, serving two years, and at the sixth annual session, 
held at Pittsburg, in 1874, was elected and duly installed Su- 
preme Chancellor. The two years' service as Supreme Chancel- 
lor was a fearful struggle with debt, loss of confidence 111 the 
Supreme Lodge and its officers by the members generally, and 
dissensions everywhere, menaced the very existence of the Order. 
Our chief magistrate stood firm amidst these terrible ordeals, and 
to-day the Supreme Lodge is free from all pecuniary embarrass- 
ments, confidence is fully restored, and the future is spanned by 
the rainbow of hope. 

During his official term he devoted almost his entire time to 
the upbuilding of our illustrious Order, having visited twenty- 
seven Grand Jurisdictions. As an evidence of the confidence 
and trust reposed in him by the representative men of the Order, 
he was re-elected Supreme Chancellor at the eighth annual session 
of the Supreme Lodge of the World, held at Independence 
Hall, in Philadelphia, in August, 1876. By his unswerving 
fidelity to the great principles that underlie the Pythian temple, 




fyfymJcrt^LA*. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 455 

his unwearied vigilance and untiring industry, he has brought 
order out of chaos, and earned the lasting gratitude of true 
Knights of every nation, age, and clime. In his daily inter- 
course with men he illustrates and exemplifies the beautiful and 
impressive lessons of the Ritual — measuring men not by their 
wealth, but by their moral worth. From the high behests of 
duty and conscience he has shown no variableness or shadow of 

turning. 

" Rugged strength and radiant beauty — 
These were one in nature's plan; 
Humble toil and heavenward duty — 
These will form the perfect man." 

His life is characterized by temperance, simplicity, and earnest 
devotion to duty. 

" His life was gentle ; and the elements 
So mixed in him, that nature might stand up 
And say to all the world, — This is a man ! " 



DAVID BENJAMIN WOODRUFF, 
Past Supreme Chancellor. 

DAVID BENJAMIN WOODRUFF, the Past Supreme Chan- 
cellor, was born on the 23d day of April, 1829, at Orange, 
New Haven county, Connecticut. His early life was 
spent amid the quiet of a New England farmer's home, where 
David worked upon the farm during the summer months, and 
attended the village school in winter, receiving only a common- 
school education. Losing his father at an early age, he was left 
with but one natural protector, upon whom devolved the care of 
rearing and educating a large family, and David was placed with 
a neighboring farmer, through whose kindness he enjoyed a good 
home, continuing his winter studies, and being enabled to take 
two terms in an Eastern academy. 

At the age of sixteen he was entered as an apprentice with a 
carpenter and builder in the city of New Haven, Ct. Prior to 



456 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

this date his opportunities to learn or know much of the world 
had been very limited, but his keen observation soon pointed 
him to the world as a "stage," and the men and women upon it 
the "players," and under this conviction he determined to fit 
himself for any cast in the play that might be assigned him. 
He connected himself at once with a night-school, where all the 
English branches were taught, and had the benefit of -the library 
of a mechanical Lyceum Association, which he laid under heavy 
contribution, and all the hours spared from plodding labor were 
spent in study, and it was during his apprenticeship that a char- 
acter was formed that stamps him as a self-made man. 

In the fall of 1849 ne purchased from his employer the unex- 
pired term of his apprenticeship, and embarked for California, but 
returned in 185 1, making the tour of the South American States. 

In 1854 he moved to Georgia, and commenced a successful 
business as a contractor and builder, erecting a large planing- 
mill and manufactory, for the purpose of facilitating his business. 
Upon the breaking out of the late war between the States, Mr. 
Woodruff at once took sides with his adopted State, and entered 
the service in April, 1861, and was ordered to Virginia, which 
soon became the great theatre of hostilities. At the close of 
the war he was financially ruined, but again took to his trade 
and contracting, but soon abandoned it, however, for the practice 
of architecture, which profession he has since followed. 

For many years he has been associated with Odd-Fellowship, 
and from the time of his initiation into the Order to the present 
he has been a faithful worker, and with untiring zeal has endeav- 
ored to practise and co-operate with every member of the Order, 
in illustrating the genius of Odd-Fellowship, and extending its 
domain. 

In April, 1870, he was initiated into the Order Knights of 
Pythias, as a charter member of " Central City" Lodge, No. 3, 
at Macon, Ga. , and was elected its first C. C. 

Sept. 1, 1870, he was commissioned by Supreme Chancellor 
Samuel Read as Deputy Grand Chancellor for the States of 
Georgia and Florida, and his official report will be found on 
page 326 of the Supreme Lodge Journal. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 457 

At the organization of the Grand Lodge of Georgia, the fol- 
lowing March, 1871, he was chosen as Grand Chancellor, to pre- 
side over its destinies, and elected Representative to the Supreme 
Lodge, where he appeared at the session of that body in April 
of the same year. He was appointed by the Supreme Chancellor 
one of the committee to whom the annual reports of the S. Q. 
and S. R. and C. S. were referred for subdivision and distribution 
to appropriate committees, also chairman of the special committee 
of seven on the subject of conclaves, and the troubles growing 
out of it in the jurisdiction of Maryland and elsewhere. 

At the fourth annual session of that body, held in Baltimore, 
1872, he was again returned by his State as Representative for 
two years, and received a very flattering vote in the election for 
Supreme Banker, and was appointed chairman of the committee 
of "Finance and Mileage " for 1873 by Sup. Chan. Berry, and 
re-appointed for 1874 by the same officer. At the election of 
officers of the Supreme Lodge in sixth annual session, he was 
elected Supreme Vice Chancellor, and re-elected at the eighth 
annual session, in which position he is held in high esteem by 
his many friends, and his hearty co-operation with Supreme 
.Chancellor Davis, in his field of labor, has been gratefully ac- 
knowledged by that officer. 

In his own Jurisdiction he was twice re-elected Grand Chan- 
cellor, and at the present time is G. K. of R. & S., while in his 
subordinate Lodge he is always in harness, and submits cheer- 
fully to the duties imposed. 

Social in his instincts, warm in his attachments, firm in his 
friendships, and humane in his disposition, he is never so happy 
as when surrounded by kindred spirits, seeking the advancement 
of his Orders, and testing practically the strength and power 
of those heaven-born principles which underlie all the humane 
institutions of the present day. Bro. Woodruff is a bold, inde- 
pendent thinker, a ready writer, and gifted speaker, and has 
often appeared in the role of orator upon the anniversary days 
of Odd-Fellowship, and demonstrations of our Order, Knights 
of Pythias. 
39 



458 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

HON. WILL T. WALKER, 

Past Chancellor of Indiana. 

OUR subject first saw the light of day on the 17th day of 
October, 1849, * n Hancock county, Indiana. 

The early years of his life were spent on his father's farm 
and in attendance upon the district schools during the winter 
months. 

At the age of 1 7 years he commenced his career as a teacher 
in the public schools. During a portion of each year he at- 
tended the academy at Spiceland, Indiana, fitting himself for 
future usefulness. In 1870 he began the study of the law, and 
was admitted to practise as an attorney-at-law at the November, 
1876, Term of the Scott Circuit Court, and has been engaged 
in the practice since that time. 

In 1872 he was appointed Assistant Postmaster at Greenfield, 
Ind., and for several months had entire control of the orifice, 
discharging the duties of the position in a very satisfactory man- 
ner. During this time he was connected with the Greenfield 
Commercial in an editorial capacity. 

As a teacher in the public schools of his native county he 
stood very high, at one time occupying a prominent position in 
the Greenfield schools. His final services as a teacher were as 
Principal of the Fortville (Ind.) Graded Schools, 1873-4. For 
a long time he was an honored member and President of the 
Hancock County Teachers' Association. 

December 3, 1873, he was united in marriage with Miss 
Kate Pierson, of Greenfield. A son, Robert Elmer, was born 
to them, October 6, 1874. Mrs. Walker's death occurred on 
the 17th of same month, and his child died on the 6th of the 
following month. 

Early in 1874 he became one of the editors and proprietors 
of the Greenfield News, and soon afterwards he had entire con- 
trol of the paper. In December of the same year he sold the 
News and removed to Indianapolis, where he engaged in the 
insurance business, devoting a portion of his time to the Pyth- 
ian Journal, which was established in January, 1875. * n De-, 




KUi.s: >Vujtfc^ 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 459 

cember following he assumed entire editorial control of the 
Journal and soon brought it into the front rank of Pythian 
journalism. With exception of a few months he has been and 
is still connected with the Journal in an editorial capacity ; 
has also performed much work as a special writer for many 
other publications, and as editor of the Scottsburgh Republican 
during the campaign of 1876. He is an easy and forcible 
writer. 

At an early age he manifested a great interest in politics, and 
to-day occupies a prominent position in his party in the Hoosier 
State. As a reward for services he, in 1873 an d !875, was ap- 
pointed to important clerkships in the State Senate, performing 
his duties in a creditable manner, and by his conduct won the con- 
fidence and esteem of many of the most influential public men of 
the State. By his services in 1876, and in subsequent campaigns, 
he has won a State reputation as a canvasser. In 1880 he was 
prominent in the State Convention, and came within a few votes 
of being nominated for a very important State office. The same 
year he made a canvass as candidate for Representative in the 
State Legislature ; though defeated he was rewarded for his emi- 
nent services, and occupied an important position as an officer 
of the House of Representatives. In 1882 he led a forlorn 
hope as a candidate for Congress in the Third (Indiana) Dis- 
trict, and made a thorough and brilliant canvass. He has been 
tendered numerous appointments in connection with the Execu- 
tive Departments at Washington, but, preferring an active, inde- 
pendent life, has invariably declined them. He is an entertain- 
ing and pleasing speaker, always making a favorable impression 
on the minds of his hearers, and it is safe to predict for him 
high honors in the future. 

On the 4th of July, 1881, he was again married, his bride 
being Miss Kate McKinney, a most estimable young lady of 
Loogootee, Ind. On October 3, 1882, his modest home at 
Scottsburgh was brightened by the birth of a daughter, Mary 
Pearl, whose childish prattle now gladdens his heart and con- 
tributes much to his home enjoyment. 

His connection with the Order of Knights of Pythias dates 



460 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

from March 14, 1872, when he was admitted as a member of 
Eureka Lodge, No. 20, at Greenfield, and was soon recognized 
as an active, earnest, and zealous worker in the Pythian cause. 
He was honored with various official positions, and in July, 
1874, having regularly passed the chairs of his Lodge, was ad- 
mitted to the Grand Lodge as Past Chancellor and Representa- 
tive. With one exception, when prevented by sickness, he has 
attended each succeeding session of the Grand Lodge, serving 
with distinction at each session as a Representative or a member 
of some of the more important standing committees, and by his 
earnest and fearless work has assisted largely in correcting many 
of the abuses that had crept into the Grand Lodge. At this 
time, December, 1883, he is chairman of the Committee on 
Foreign Correspondence. Since December 17, 1874, he has 
been a member of Indianapolis Lodge, No. 56, being one of 
the charter members. 



HON. ERIE J. LEECH, 

Past Grand Chancellor and Past Supreme Representative 

of Iowa. 

OUR brother was born in July, 1826, in Erie county, New 
York, and was named after the county of his nativity. 
His father, Col. Isaac Leech, was of Scotch descent, and 
his mother came through the famous Anneka Jans Bogardus of 
Trinity Church notoriety. Your readers will remember Bo- 
gardus as an Episcopalian minister who attained a wide celeb- 
rity in his chosen field of labor. Col. Leech left New York in 
1828, and removed to the "Western Reserve," and settled in 
Cuyahoga county, near Cleveland, in Northern Ohio. That 
portion of Ohio was then a wild and almost unbroken wilder- 
ness. The grand and beautiful city of Cleveland then had no 
harbor, and all freight had to be landed by small boats from 
steamers and vessels which plied up and down the lake. 

With these surroundings, our brother grew to a young and 
vigorous manhood. His first lessons were learned in the old-fash- 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 46 1 

ioned log school-house, so common in all frontier settlements, 
and so well remembered by all pioneers the world over. He 
was an apt student, and soon acquired a knowledge of the 
branches taught in those "people's colleges," and was prepared 
to take a step in advance. 

The tide of emigration and civilization moving on their west- 
ward course, brought a higher type of schools, and soon the 
academy was erected in the midst of flourishing communities, 
affording excellent facilities for a thorough scientific and class- 
ical education. One of the best seminaries was established at 
Twinsburg, Summit county, in Northern Ohio, and there, under 
the tutorship of Rev. Samuel Bissell, a graduate of " old Yale," 
Mr. Leech received a thorough mental training, fitting him for 
success in almost any walk of life. 

During his academical career he taught several terms of dis- 
trict school in winter, thus earning the means to aid him to pur- 
sue his studies in the summer. He was a very successful teacher 
and seriously contemplated the idea at one time of making 
teaching his life business. But at an early age he lost both of 
his parents, his father having failed in mercantile business just 
prior to his death. Unaided and alone in life, he commenced 
'fighting its battles, and with a fafr classical education and a 
strong purpose to win honorable distinction among his fellow 
men, he has attained his present proud position. 

In 1850 he removed from Ohio to Iowa, and located at Fort 
Madison. In September of 1851 he received the appointment 
of deputy treasurer and recorder of Lee county, from Robert 
McFarland, Esq., the then treasurer and recorder of that 
county. 

In August of 1852, Mr. Leech was appointed deputy clerk of 
the District Court, by S. A. James, the clerk, and upon the sug- 
gestion of Mr. James he removed to Keokuk, in May, 1854, to 
act as his deputy there, upon the recommendation of the Keo- 
kuk bar, where he has since resided. 

Hon. Edward Johnstone appointed Mr. Leech clerk in Au- 
gust of 1855, as S. A. James resigned on account of ill health. 

The subject of this sketch soon endeared himself to the people 
39* 



462 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

of his chosen home, and he was afterwards elected four succes- 
sive terms as clerk, and served four years more as deputy under 
his successor, Charles Doerr, Esq. 

He was a member and secretary of the Board of Education 
of Fort Madison (Dr. J. C. Walker being president) at the time 
of the erection of the brick school building on the corner of 
Pine and Fifth streets, and has been four years a member of the 
Board of Education of Keokuk, as well as secretary of the Keo- 
kuk Loan and Building Association for six years. 

In September, 187 1, he was appointed, without solicitation, 
deputy clerk of the U. S. Courts at Keokuk, which position he 
still holds. 

He was admitted to the bar in December, 1862, and practised 
law with marked success for about four years. But he prefers 
clerical work, and has turned his attention that way. He is also 
United States Commissioner for the District of Iowa, at Keo- 
kuk, and has performed a large amount of work in that office. 

In October, 1854, he was initiated into the mysteries of Odd- 
Fellowship by Puckechetuck Lodge, No. 43, I. O. O. F., at 
Keokuk, and became a Past Grand in 1857, and was elected a 
Representative to the Grand Lodge of Iowa the same year, tak- 
ing his seat as a member of tne Grand Lodge at its October ses- 
sion (1857), at Mt. Pleasant. He was elected Deputy Grand 
Master in 1859, Grand Master in i860, and Grand Represen- 
tative to Sovereign Grand Lodge in 1861, taking his seat in that 
august body in September, 1862, and was in continuous service 
in that body up to 1882, when he was unanimously elected 
Grand Sire. 

During his official career as Grand Representative to the Sov- 
ereign Grand Lodge, he was chairman of several most impor- 
tant committees, to wit : On Petitions, on Credentials, on Fi- 
nance, State of the Order, and Legislation ; in all of which he 
reflected credit on his constituents. 

He is the author of the Digest of the Laws of the Grand 
Lodge and Grand Encampment, I. O. O. F., of Iowa, and has 
contributed many valuable essays to the literature of the Order. 

In September, 1869, he was made a Knight at San Francisco, 



COMPLETE 'MAX UAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 463 

California, by Past Supreme Chancellor Samuel Read. On his 
arrival at home he organized a Pythian Lodge in the city of 
Keokuk, and was elected Venerable Patriarch. 

He was present at the formation of the Grand Lodge K. of 
P. of Iowa, on July 4, 1870, at Cedar Rapids, Iowa, and was 
there elected and installed as the first Venerable Grand Patri- 
arch and became a Past Grand Chancellor. 

Our Knightly brother was also elected one of the three Su- 
preme Representatives to the Supreme Lodge of the World ; 
but owing to the financial embarrassments of the Grand Lodge 
of Iowa, he did not attend the ensuing session of the Supreme 
Lodge. 

Was again, in 1874, elected a Supreme Representative and 
attended the session of the Supreme Lodge of the World at the 
city of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania. 

He was appointed chairman of a committee to prepare rules 
for the body under the new Constitution adopted at that inter- 
esting session, and in the formation of which he took an active 
part. 

The Supreme Chancellor appointed him as chairman of the 
Committee on the State of the Order, but, owing to a pressure 
of business matters, he could not attend the session of the Su- 
preme Lodge in 1875, at Washington, D. C. 

His present membership is with Morning Star Lodge, No. 5, 
K. of P., in the city of Keokuk, Iowa. 

Our eminent brother, although a lawyer by profession, the 
greater part of his life has been passed in the State and Federal 
courts as clerk. 

He has led a very active and busy life, and though burdened 
with official cares and duties he has prepared and delivered a 
large number of most able and excellent addresses upon frater- 
nal topics. 

In his daily walk before men he exemplifies the cardinal doc- 
trines of both Orders, and has always maintained an unsullied 
character in his personal and official relations. 

When it is understood that in the Sovereign Grand Lodge, 
over which he presides, the legislation is done which controls 



464 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

the entire membership, which now exceeds five hundred thou- 
sand, some idea may be formed of the duties and responsibili- 
ties of its chief executive. To him must be referred, during the 
recess of the Sovereign Grand Lodge, all the questions that arise 
in the various Lodges throughout the world which are under its 
immediate jurisdiction, and by him must be done any and all 
business that would naturally come before that body. 

Every Odd-Fellow and every Pythian Knight in the Supreme 
Jurisdiction may well be proud of the fact that one of their 
number has been found worthy of being crowned chief execu- 
tive of this grand charitable Order. 

His record as a father, husband, officer, and Odd-Fellow is 
free from spot or blemish, and will bear the electric light of 
public criticism and public scrutiny. 

His pathway is strewn with good deeds, pure thoughts, and 
myriads of public and private charities, and his life has shed a 
fadeless lustre on this Grand Jurisdiction. 

It is the judgment of his compeers that he has filled the 
places of trust, honor, and responsibility faithfully, impartially, 
and with marked ability, commanding their confidence and es- 
teem, irrespective of sect or party. 

Of him it may truthfully be said, now, while he is with us; 

" None knew him but to love him, 
None named him but to praise." 






HON. CHARLES COWLEY, 

Past Grand Chancellor of Massachusetts. 

THE first gentleman who was initiated into the Order of 
Knights of Pythias in Lowell, was the Hon. Charles 
Cowley, charter member of Lowell Lodge, who took the 
degrees of Page, Esquire, and Knight, and was elected and 
installed as Chancellor Commander of Lowell Lodge, all on 
January 21, 1870. That was the commencement of Pythian 
Knighthood in "The City of Spindles," where there are now 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 465 

four flourishing Lodges, with 700 members. In the same year 
Judge Cowley entered the Grand Lodge of Massachusetts as a 
Representative, and was elected a Past Grand Chancellor, and 
in April, 1871, he took his seat in the Supreme Lodge, at Phila- 
delphia. He had been made a Master Mason six years before. 

Judge Cowley was born at Eastington, Gloucestershire, in the 
Valley of Severn, England, January 9, 1832. He was taken to 
Massachusetts by his parents in early boyhood, and was edu- 
cated at the public schools of Woburn and Lowell, but chiefly 
under private tutors. In 185 3-1 85 4 he edited the Lowell Daily 
Courier, now edited by the Hon. George A. Marden, Speaker 
of the Massachusetts House of Representatives. In 1856 he 
commenced the practice of law in Lowell. 

During the Confederate war he served under Admiral Dahlgren 
as Judge- Advocate of the fleet blockading the coast of South 
Carolina, Georgia, and Florida, and was also Provost-Judge. 
He bore his full share of peril on battle-field and gun-deck, 
notably in the attack on Fort Johnson in Charleston harbor, 
July 3, 1864, where he was wounded by a mortar-shell, in the 
bombardment of Fort Sumter and the Confederate batteries on 
Sullivan's Island, and also in the battles of the Tulifinny River, 
Honey Hill, and Deveaux's Neck. His book, entitled "Leaves 
from a Lawyer's Life Afloat and Ashore," is largely devoted to 
the military and naval operations in that quarter, and being 
written with great candor and judicial fairness, it has had a 
steady sale in the South, as well as in the North and West. 

Upon quitting the navy, at the close of the war, he resumed 
the practice of his profession in Boston and Lowell. In 1868 
he made the tour of Europe. Having observed the beneficent 
results of the ten-hour law on the factory operatives of Great 
Britain, upon his return to Lowell he organized a movement, 
which had already begun, to secure a similar statute in Massa- 
chusetts, which in 1874 was successful. He was also successful 
in securing an act of incorporation for the Grand Lodge of the 
Knights of St. Crispin, for which he was counsel. The oper- 
atives in the cotton, woollen, boot and shoe manufactories of 
Massachusetts owe a debt of gratitude to " the sage of Lowell" 

2E 



466 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

for his effective advocacy of these and other practical measures 
of labor reform. 

In addition to an honorable distinction in the legal profession, 
Judge Cowley has won an enviable reputation as an author, by 
his "Leaves from a Lawyer's Life Afloat and Ashore," "His- 
tory of Lowell," "Famous Divorces of All Ages," " Remi- 
niscences of James C. Ayer," " Historical Sketch of the County 
of Middlesex," "Our Divorce Courts," etc. He edited Ad- 
miral Dahlgren's "Maritime International Law," and he trans- 
lated and paraphrased Archbishop Fenelon's beautiful " Dialogue 
between Dionysius, Damon and Pythias," which is republished 
with his own revision in Van Valkenburg's "Jewels of Pythian 
Knighthood." Various pamphlets have been published by him, 
and he has given many public orations, lectures, and addresses 
of permanent value. Some of his topics have been, Daniel 
Webster, William Tyndale, William of Orange, Admiral Dahl- 
gren, and Howell the Great, King of Wales, from whom, on 
his mother's side, he is supposed to have descended. Other 
topics of his have been "Damon and Pythias in Life and 
Literature," "Vestiges of Pythagorean ism in Christianity," 
" The Siege of Charleston," " The Development of the National 
Sentiment in America," "The Romance of History in the 
Black County," which is the county of Beaufort, S. C, where, 
in the Soldiers' Cemetery, over the graves of ten thousand of 
his former comrades, he delivered an oration, which ranks 
among the best efforts of his life, on Decoration Day, 1881. 

Physically, he is a strongly built man, standing five feet ten 
inches high, and weighing 225 pounds, with steel-gray hair and 
hazel eyes. 

Judge Cowley presided at the grand banquet given by the 
Massachusetts Knights of Pythias in the mammoth tent on 
Boston Common after the great Pythian parade, August 15, 
1873, an d there delivered a remarkably fresh, racy, and original 
speech, echoes of which have often been heard on later occa- 
sions in various parts of the Pythian world. 

He delivered the Memorial Day oration in the city of Brockton, 
Mass., in 1883. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 467 

GEN. WILLIAM WARD, 

Past Grand Chancellor and Supreme Representative, 
of Newark, New Jersey. 

THE subject of this brief sketch was born in the city of 
Newark, State of New Jersey, on the 30th day of January, 
1824, and is to-day an honored citizen of his native city. 

His facilities for education were limited to the-common schools, 
and in the earlier years of his life he learned the business of a 
hatter. Still, being endowed by nature with talents of a high 
order, and wonderful energy and force of character, he has 
achieved an enviable reputation amongst the people, in the vari- 
ous industrial pursuits of life, for business tact and sagacity, and 
for the strictest integrity. 

After attaining his majority he was elected manager of sev- 
eral large, powerful, and wealthy manufacturing corporations, and 
had the pleasure of seeing them prosper — whilst under his control. 
At one time he was interested in the wholesale and retail grocery 
trade, but when the war broke out, he entered the service, with 
the rank of captain, to the utter ruin of his business. 

He soon attained the rank of brevet colonel, and was after- 
wards commissioned brevet brigadier-general, in compliance 
with a special act of the Legislature of New Jersey, bearing date 
1873," for l° n g and meritorious servicein the National Guards." 

Gen. Ward has been a member of the " National Guards" 
since 1841, and in continuous service, except whilst engaged in 
the war for the Union or suffering from wounds received in the 
service. 

He was severely wounded at the second Bull Run engagement, 
on August 29, 1862, having received three musket-balls in his 
body — one in the left arm, one in the right leg, and one in the 
face. His left shoulder was so badly shattered that he was com- 
pelled to pass the terrible ordeal of the amputation of his left arm. 

The wound in the leg is still painful, and remains unhealed. 
In the year 1866, having partially recovered from his wounds, 
he was elected assistant city clerk, and in 1867 was promoted 
to the principal clerkship of Newark, and at the close of his 
official term was appointed postmaster of the city by Gen. Grant, 



468 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

the then President of the United States, which important and 
lucrative office he still holds. 

As indubitable evidence of his high standing in private and 
official circles, and that he fully enjoys the esteem and confidence 
of his compeers in all the walks of life, we may mention that he 
has been elected President of the board of managers of Fair- 
mount Cemetery, Treasurer of the Society for the Prevention 
of Cruelty to Animals, and Quartermaster- General of the Grand 
Army of the Republic. 

His reputation is not confined to the arena of business and 
war ; but in the domain of fraternal societies he is an acknowl- 
edged leader, zealous and efficient. 

He was a true, brave, and patriotic soldier and officer on the 
tented field — in peace he is a loving, trusted, and exemplary 
member of several of the leading charitable organizations of 
earth. 

Our noble and beloved brother is familiar with the Mystic 
rites of the Independent Order of Odd-Fellows, having attained 
the highest rank in his subordinate Lodge. He is also a mem- 
ber of the Patriarchal branch of the Order. Gen. Ward is a 
recognized leader of the Pythian movement in his native State. 

He was Grand Chancellor of the Grand Jurisdiction of New 
Jersey during the centennial year, and represented his State in the 
Supreme Lodge of the World in the years 1878, 1880, 1882, and in 
1884, displaying excellent qualities as a legislator on the floor 
and in committees. His manly bearing, sound, practical judg- 
ment, and literary attainments, render him an important factor 
in a legislative body. 

He is a gentleman of fine personal appearance, elegant social 
powers, always genial and courteous towards his colleagues, attrac- 
tive in manner, and grows in esteem and favor upon extended 
acquaintance. 

Such is the brief outline of the life-history of one who, strug- 
gling through trials, has worked his way from obscurity to a place 
of high esteem, and performed a work the influence of which 
shall live in the hearts of those who have known him, and in- 
crease and intensify with the passing years. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 469 

A devoted Christian during his life, he never faltered in the 
belief that 

" All true glory rests, 
All praise, all safety, and all happiness, 
Upon the moral law." 



DR. GEO. W. GRIFFITHS, 
Past Grand Chancellor and Past Supreme Representative. 

DR. GEORGE W. GRIFFITHS, of Louisville, Ky., is a 
Past Grand Chancellor, who, though but thirty-three years 
of age, has won for himself in the walks of his profession 
a very enviable and distinguished reputation. He stands fore- 
most among the physicians of our city, not only for an intelligent 
knowledge of medicine and surgery, but as the possessor of a 
capacity to practically apply that knowledge, probably unsur- 
passed by any man of his age in the West. The Doctor is one 
of those men who take the front rank no matter where they may 
be. He is good-humored and modest, and never of his own 
accord seeks to attract to himself attention ; but his personal 
appearance, affable manners, intellectual conversation, and gentle- 
manly conduct, entice and secure for him that recognition of 
superiority so cheerfully and constantly accorded him by others. 
The Doctor has attained a brilliant reputation among his com- 
peers, and with the public generally, as a learned professor of his 
branch of medicine. Possessing a tall, commanding, and mag- 
nificent physique, he is the very impersonation of manly grace and 
symmetry of form. We know of no one connected with the 
Order of the Knights of Pythias who is better calculated to add 
dignity and honor to the representation of the Order. The 
Doctor is the centre of a large circle of loving and admiring 
friends, who place the most perfect and implicit reliance in his 
honor as a gentleman, and in his ability as a physician, and he 
is of such a magnanimous nature that no fears need ever be en- 
tertained that this reliance will be betrayed, or the hopes excited 
be disappointed by any wrong conduct on his part. 
40 



47 O THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

JUDGE G. W. LINDSAY, 

Past Supreme Chancellor. 

THE Judge was born in the city of Baltimore, Maryland, on 
the ioth day of May, 1826. He served an apprenticeship at 
printing in his youth, and continued in the business until 
about the month of November, 1857, when he was compelled, 
on account of declining health, to relinquish it, and engage in 
a more active field of labor. His avocation is now that of a 
real estate broker and general collecting agent, which he prose- 
cutes in partnership with his son. 

In November, 1871, he was elected Judge of the Orphans' 
Court of Baltimore, leading his ticket over two thousand votes. 
After serving his term of four years he was unanimously renomi- 
nated by the Democratic Convention in 1875, ar *d having re- 
ceived a flattering indorsement from the Merchants' Reformed 
Party, was re-elected, leading his ticket some four thousand votes. 

Ever since the year 1848, he has been a zealous, efficient, and 
honored worker in the various secret organizations of the country. 
He has attained high rank in our Order, is the Grand Master 
of the Improved Order of Red Men, and commands the con- 
fidence and esteem of his fellow-citizens in a very high degree. 
His every-day life is an exemplification of the grand and en- 
nobling principles that underlie all the great charitable Orders 
of earth. 



HON. FRANCIS GRAYDON MAXWELL, 
PastGrand Chancellor and Supreme Representative of Maryland. 

IN writing a history of the life, character, and deeds of this 
eminent Pythian, we will be compelled to go somewhat into 
details as to his early career. 

His birthplace was the county of Fermanagh, Ireland, within 
seven miles of Erniskillen — and the important event occurred 
in 1833, about one-half century ago, making our worthy brother 
a semi-centenarian. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 47 1 

Like unto a great many men who have risen to distinction 
from humble parentage, and seemingly against the decrees of 
fate, our brother furnishes another bright and shining example. 

The lives of such men act as inspiration upon the hearts of 
the youth of the land, and demonstrate that goodness is in 
order to greatness, and that there is no royal road to learning. 

Judge Maxwell's literary advantages were very meagre and 
confined to the common schools of his native county. 

At the immature age of sixteen years he entered a mercantile 
establishment at Erniskillen, where he remained but a short 
time. 

In 1850, when but seventeen years old, he resolved to try his 
fortune in the New World, and bid adieu to his native land, the 
green emerald isle, selecting the grand old city of Baltimore, 
Maryland, for his future home. He has been residing in Bal- 
timore since the summer of 1850. 

On his arrival he sought and found Andrew Armstrong, a 
merchant of acknowledged wealth and influence in the city, and 
his father's cousin. 

Having acquainted Mr. Armstrong with his personal identity, 
and handing him a letter of introduction written by his mother, 
the party, looking the subject of this sketch in the face, said : 
"What right has your mother to expect me to do anything for 
you?" 

This kind of reception was quite unexpected, but the answer 
foreshadows the future man. 

Our brother responded to the heartless relative that, " Sir, my 
mother makes no claim to any right whereby she expects you 
to do anything for me. Your profession of friendship for my 
father naturally caused her to suppose that you would aid his 
son in securing a situation ; beyond this, neither she nor I have 
any claim on you ! " 

This spirited rejoinder ended the interview, and a feeling of 
loneliness took possession of the exile from home, realizing as 
he did that the stormy waters of the Atlantic separated him 
from all his earthly friends. 

Like a true man he at once began to learn a useful trade with a 



472 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

fellow-countryman, and who proved to be a true and devoted 
friend. 

Having mastered the business of harness-making after a year's 
apprenticeship, he established a collar factory on his own ac- 
count in his adopted city, continuing to conduct an active and 
prosperous business until the breaking out of the war in 1861. 
Early in that year he re-crossed the sea to visit the scenes of his 
childhood and his widowed mother, for whom he has always 
cherished the purest affection and tenderest solicitude. 

Whilst upon his native heath he heard of President Lin- 
coln's proclamation calling out seventy-five thousand men to 
suppress the Southern uprising, and against the entreaties and 
earnest protests of a loving mother and kind relatives to remain 
in Ireland, until peace would be restored, he returned to the 
country of his adoption and entered the service of the Southern 
Confederacy, by organizing a collar department under Major W. 
S. Donner, superintendent of the Ordnance Department, and 
continued to manufacture collars for artillery service of the 
Southern army of Virginia until the restoration of peace between 
the sections. After the war was over he re-established his old 
business in the city of Baltimore, where he has continued to 
prosecute it ever since. 

Judge Maxwell is a member of the fraternities of A. F. and A. 
M., I. O. O. F., Knights of Honor, Knights of Pythias, and 
other Orders. 

He is an active, zealous, and valuable member of the Pythian 
Order, having commenced at the lower round and reached the 
topmost one in 1877, having been elected Grand Chancellor 
for the Grand Jurisdiction of Maryland in that year, as the 
successor of the Hon. James B. Groome, present United States 
Senator from old Maryland. In 1878 our excellent brother was 
elected Supreme Representative for four years, and has just been 
elected again for another term of four years. 

He is in political faith a decided Democrat, but one of those 
fair, candid, and conscientious party men who concede honesty 
to, and have a profound respect for, those who differ with them 
; n a partisan sense. 




PETER WOODLAND. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT- BO OK. 473 

Governor Carroll appointed him a member of the Board of 
Control and Review of the Fourth District of Baltimore in 1876, 
and all parties concede that he ably, impartially, and faithfully 
discharged the onerous duties of the Christian. 

He is a communicant of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and 
maintains an enviable reputation as an efficient and untiring worker 
in the Sabbath- schools of Baltimore, and was one of the founders 
of the Sabbath-school whence Calvary Church originated. 

His father was David Maxwell, merchant and farmer, of the 
county of Fermanagh, Ireland. 

He was also an eloquent local preacher and a man of exalted 
worth and character. He was a descendant of the Scotch family 
of that name. 

Judge Maxwell's mother is a daughter of William Henderson, 
farmer, of the county of Fermanagh, Ireland, an ancient and 
honorable family. She is still living, at the advanced age of 
eighty-five. 

The subject of this sketch is a highly cultured gentleman, an 
earnest Christian, a firm and indulgent husband and father, and 
an honored citizen. 

His life, pure and spotless as it is, affords inspiration to the 
youth of the land, and by its magnetic influence will do much 
to win them to the right. 

" So man's true fame must strike from his own deeds. 
How true it is that 
He most lives who thinks most, feels the noblest, acts the best." 



A TRUE KNIGHT. 



X NIGHT Peter Woodland was born at Copenhagen, Den- 
mark, on December 11, 1848, and was educated in his 
native city for the business of a sea captain. After at- 
taining his majority he removed from Denmark to America, and 
in changing his location also made a change in his avocation. 
At the time of his tragic death he was assistant superintend- 
40* 



474 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

ent of the Hudson River tunnel, and was celebrated for his 
skill, energy, and fidelity in the discharge of the varied duties 
imposed by the responsible position. 

He was a member of Hector Lodge, No. 49, K. of P., of 
Philadelphia, of the Grand Jurisdiction of Pennsylvania. Tem- 
perate, unambitious, courteous, charitable, and modest, our mar- 
tyr never failed, when at home, to attend the sessions of his 
Lodge, and to faithfully discharge every duty assigned to him 
by his compeers. 

The sacrifice of his life to save the lives of eight others was 
but the golden fruitage of those lessons that were indelibly pho- 
tographed on his heart and mind in the Castle hall, through the 
charges, odes, and ritualistic work of our noble organization. 

In chivalry, manhood, and true nobility of character, Peter 
Woodland outranks many who have inspired the eulogies of the 
most brilliant historians, and the songs of the sweetest poets in 
all ages. 

That terrible morning of July 21, 1880, when the subject of 
our sketch faced certain death, with all its attendant horrors, to 
save his fellow-men, marks a new era in the history of Pythian- 
ism. And when in future days the traveller from the far West, 
and from across the Pacific, where the far West becomes the far 
East, shall course the continent and plunge into the darkness of 
the tunnel, before he shall finally stop across the river, the story 
of its building will be told and rehearsed by strangers to each 
other, and by parents to their children, how precious lives were 
lost in its erection, and they will be relieved while the lesson is 
being impressed with the special narrative of Peter Woodland, 
who nobly died that others might live, and stood at his post 
while he cried out, "Save yourselves, and then do for us what 
you can ! ' ' 

Life was as sweet and attractive to him as to any of us. He 
was a strong, robust man, only thirty-five years of age. He 
might have saved himself. He could hear the call of his youth- 
ful wife and his two-year-old child. He had a very pleasant 
and happy home, and was surrounded by troops of friends; 
and had he, in compliance with that first law of nature — self- 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT- BOOK. 47$ 

preservation — sought his personal safety, who, of all our readers, 
would have censured him? But he chose to die that others 
might live. And so we revere him as among earth's choicest 
heroes. 

The laureate of England has sung, in military measure, of 
"The charge of the Light Brigade at Balaklava," where — 

" Tho' the soldier knew 

Some one had blundered, 
Their's not to make reply, 
Their' s not to reason why, 
Their's but to do and die ; 

Into the Valley of Death 

Rode the six hundred." 

But you observe behind this the stern rigor of martial law, 
and death was in the retreat as well as in obedience. But the 
hero of our story, inspired solely and purely by a love for his fel- 
low-men, made a voluntary offering of his own life to save them. 
The heroism displayed by him created such a profound reverence 
for his name that when, after sixty-five days, the body was ex- 
humed, the funeral ceremonies were witnessed by multitudes of peo- 
ple of all classes, and everywhere was paid the most silent respect 
to the honored dead. Not only all the Lodges of the Knights 
of Pythias in this county united in paying this last tribute of 
respect in response to the request of Hector Lodge, No. 49, of 
Philadelphia, of which the deceased was a member, but their sis- 
ter Lodges of New York, Brooklyn, Newark, Paterson, Passaic, 
and other places joined in the imposing pageant. The Lodges 
that took part were Lincoln, which had the immediate manage- 
ment of the funeral, at the request of Hector Lodge, Jersey 
City, Cincinnatus, Pythagoras, Lafayette, Hudson, Centenary, 
and Palestine Division, U. R., of this city; Fabiola, Zeno, Myr- 
tle Division of Paterson ; Benevolent, of Passaic ; Henry Clay, 
St. Paul, St. Chrysostom, Washington, and Calanthe, of New- 
ark; Ashland and Excelsior Divisions of New York; Black 
Prince of Hunter's Point ; King's County Division of Brook- 
lyn, and a delegation from Hector Lodge, Philadelphia, alto- 
gether forming a body nearly one thousand in number. The 



476 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

Lodges formed in Erie Street, the right resting on Newark Ave- 
nue, at half-past one o'clock, under the direction of Charles P. 
Vanneman, District Deputy of this District, Grand Marshal, 
assisted by Robert Montgomery and John Patrick. 

The procession, headed by a squad of police, under command 
of Sergeant Jelly of the 2d Precinct, a drum corps, and a body 
of Knights of the Uniformed Rank, with their red plumed helmet 
hats and carrying swords, started at two o'clock and proceeded 
through Newark Avenue, Grove, Seventh, and Henderson streets 
to Pavonia Avenue, where they passed in front of No. 187, the 
late residence of the deceased, and then formed in open ranks, 
extending from the house to the Park Reformed Church, on East 
Hamilton Place, where the funeral services were to take place. 
The casket containing the remains was then brought from the 
house and placed in the plumed hearse, and the bereaved widow 
with her little child, and other relatives and officers of the 
Tunnel Company, occupied the carriages that followed. On 
each side of the hearse walked the pall-bearers, wearing white 
scarfs and consisting of Wm. Wilson, Joseph Grainer, John L. 
Smith, of Hector Lodge, and George W. Decker, Charles Tracy, 
and Robert Eakins, of Lincoln Lodge. The hearse and carriages 
were driven through the open ranks to the church, where the 
casket was placed on a catafalque in the altar, on a level with 
the platform of the pulpit, where it could be plainly seen from 
all parts of the edifice. The casket was of rosewood, silver 
.mounted, and with silver bar handles and plates and emblems of 
the Order. The body was laid on a white satin pedestal, and 
the inside of the casket entirely sealed. The plate bore the 
name of the deceased and the date of his death. Upon the 
lid of the casket lay a floral offering in the shape of a triangle, 
the emblem of and a gift of the Order. The body was met at 
the south door of the church by Rev. J. Howard Suydam, the 
pastor, and 'the Rev. Hiram Eddy, pastor of the Free Union 
Church, who preceded it up the aisle reciting the funeral 
services. The galleries of the church were already crowded 
when the procession arrived, the lower part having been re- 
served for the relatives and members of the Order, by whom it 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 477 

was quickly filled. The services were commenced by the read- 
ing of the 90th Psalm and the 15th chapter of 1st Corinthians, by 
Rev. Dr. Suydam, who then delivered a very able and impressive 
discourse, in which he cited instances of great heroism as dis- 
played by Jim Bludso, Herndon, Pilot Smith, and others, and 
compared that of the noble Woodland. He also alluded to the 
monuments erected to great men, and claimed that one more 
elegant than any yet sculptured was already erected to the 
memory of Woodland in the hearts of the people. The 
reverend gentleman drew from the death of this man and this 
solemn occasion, conclusions of reflection and consolation, and 
concluded by reciting ti e following poem, by Mrs. Stowe, on 
" The peace of faith : " 

When winds are raging o'er the upper ocean, 
And billows wild contend with angry roar, 

'Tis said, far down beneath the wild commotion, 
That peaceful stillness reigneth evermore. 

For far beneath, the noise of tempests dieth, 

And silver waves shine ever peacefully : 
And no rude storm, how fierce soe'er it flieth, 

Disturbs the Sabbath of that deeper sea. 

So to the heart that knows thy love, O Purest, 

There is a temple, sacred evermore, 
And all the babble of life's angry voices, 

Dies in hushed stillness at its peaceful door. 

Far, far away, the roar of passion dieth, 

And loving thoughts rise calm and peacefully, 

And no rude storm, how fierce soe'er it flieth, 
Disturbs the soul that dwells, O Lord, in Thee! 

O rest of rests ! O peace serene, eternal ! 

Thou ever livest, and Thou changest never ; 
And in the secret of Thy presence dwelleth 

Fullness of joy, forever and forever. 

Rev. Dr. Eddy then made a deeply impressive address, on the 
necessity of always being right within to meet death, and the 
grandness of the spirit of humanity so broadly displayed in the 



4/8 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

efforts made for the recovery of the bodies of the men who 
perished in the tunnel, and in the sympathy shown by the Order 
present and the community at large. Dr. Eddy then offered up 
a prayer and pronounced the benediction. The procession was 
then reformed, in reverse order, the remains returned to the 
hearse, and the cortege proceeded up Eighth Street to Jersey 
Avenue, Grand Street, Pacific Avenue, Communipaw Avenue, 
Ocean Avenue, to New York Bay cemetery, where the remains 
were interred with Pythian honors. Among those employed at 
the tunnel who attended the funeral were Superintendent An- 
dersen, Secretary Fowler, and Foreman Hurley, and among the 
Knights distinguished in the Order were Gen. Wra. Ward, Post- 
master of Newark; P. S. R.'s Badgeley and Stumpfel, P. G. C. 
George H. Kidder ; G. V. C. James R. Rutan, G. K. R. & S. 
Eugene V. Lorton ; Dr. Balsby, D. D. G. C. of Brooklyn ; ex- 
D. D. G. C. Horner of New York. The funeral arrangements 
were in charge of undertaker Wm. H. Speer, and were carried 
out with the utmost correctness in every particular. 



LEROY S. EDWARDS, 
Grand Keeper of Records and- Seal of Virginia. 

THIS prominent Knight was born in Prince Edward county, 
Virginia, November 27, 1839. In June, 1859, he gradu- 
ated at Randolph Macon College, after which he spent a 
year at the University of his native State. While pursuing his 
professional studies in the last-named institution, he was elected 
a Professor in the Petersburg Female College. At the com- 
mencement of the war, in April, 1861, he enlisted in the 12th 
Virginia Infantry, C. S. A., and served with that command until 
the surrender at Appomattox Court-house, in April, 1865. For 
several years after the war he taught school in Virginia, and 
subsequently became associated with the Piedmont and Arling- 
ton Life Insurance Company, of which he is a director and its 
chief agent. Recently he was elected a trustee of the Alma 




(J^tfU^d ^cl^y 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 479 

Mater Randolph Macon College. He was married in August, 
1866; was President of the Young Men's Christian Association 
at Richmond for the years 1874 and 1875. 1° October, 1869, 
he was made a Knight in Old Dominion Lodge, No. 4, Knights 
of Pythias, at Richmond, and, having rilled several offices, was 
elected Chancellor Commander of that Lodge in 187 1. In Jan- 
uary, 1874, our Brother was elected Grand Keeper of Records 
and Seal, and still retains that honorable office. In March, 
1877, he assumed the editorial chair of the Pythian Herald, 
which was published at Richmond, Va., and wielded a potent 
beneficial influence in our beloved Order. Brother Edwards is 
a fine writer, and by his aid and talent Pythian Knighthood is 
greatly strengthened and its glorious principles more widely 
circulated. 



DR. JOHN S. KING, 

Past Grand Chancellor and Supreme Representative of Ontario. 

DR. JOHN S. KING was born at Georgetown, county of 
Halton, Ontario, Canada, on April 26, 1843, an d is a self- 
made man, having entered upon a life of relf- reliance at 
the age of nineteen years, when he became a school-teacher. 
His scholastic preparation anterior to this time had been effected 
during winter nights by dint of hard study without a teacher, 
his days being spent at hard work in the county of Wentworth, 
on what was known as the clearing of a new farm. In the 
calling of a teacher he rapidly rose, soon becoming principal 
of the Waterloo Central School, which had a staff of five 
teachers. While thus engaged he was mainly instrumental in 
organizing the Waterloo County Teachers' Association, of which, 
for the first two years of its existence, he was president, by the 
unanimous vote of its membership. Meanwhile he had become 
a paid contributor to various newspapers and periodicals, which 
induced him to cease teaching. As a writer he was not long in 
becoming favorably known to the press of his native province, 
Ontario. He has at one time or another contributed to most of 



4^0 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

the leading papers in Canada, but was for three years, prior to 
entering the medical profession, on the editorial staff of the 
Toronto Globe, during which period he was the Canadian cor- 
respondent of the Chicago Tribune, in addition to being a 
regular contributor to a number of other leading Canadian 
papers. Dr. King is a member of the College of Physicians 
and Surgeons of Ontario. He also holds the degree of M. D. 
from the University of Victoria College, and two years ago 
received the Government appointment of Medical Officer of the 
Ontario Reformatory for Females, and of the Industrial Refuge 
for Girls. In addition to this the Doctor has a large and lucra- 
tive practice, holding prominent rank in his profession, and is 
well and favorably known as a citizen of Toronto, the capital of 
Ontario. 

Early in the year 1874 Dr. King formed a favorable opinion 
of the Knights of Pythias Order, and became a Knight a few 
weeks before the end of the first semi-annual term in that year. 
In July, 1874, he was installed Prelate of Ivanhoe Lodge, No. 4, 
and served the full term. The following term he was elected 
and served in the office of V. C, and the next term saw him 
filling the position of C. C, and the subsequent term the office 
of P. C. Up to this time the Brother was never absent from 
his Lodge meetings but on two occasions. He entered the 
Grand Lodge for the first time in 1876, being one of the rep- 
resentatives from Ivanhoe Lodge, No. 4. At the same session 
he was elected Grand Chancellor by the unanimous vote of that 
body. In placing him in the responsible position of Grand 
Chancellor of the Order in the province of Ontario, the brethren 
felt they had the right man in the fight place. The condition 
of the Order at that time was anything but encouraging. The 
Lodges were very much isolated, some of them being hundreds 
of miles distant from Toronto, and the condition and working 
unsatisfactory. To Grand Chancellor King the members now 
looked as the saviour of their Order ; and the trust proved to be 
well and truly placed, for he set himself to work with a will and 
spent five consecutive weeks in visiting every Lodge in Ontario, 
exemplifying the work, and conferring degrees, instructing and 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 48 1 

encouraging the members, and generally bringing order out of 
chaos. The results of his labors during the year were so gratify- 
ing that at the following session of the Grand Lodge he was 
made the recipient of a splendid P. G. C.'s jewel, bearing an 
inscription, together with a most handsomely illuminated ad- 
dress, the gift of the subordinate Lodges of Ontario. The cir- 
cumstances connected with the presentation will never be for- 
gotten by those who were present. The Brother was ignorant 
of what awaited him, when, immediately after a second unani- 
mous election as Grand Chancellor, and his installation in that 
office, Supreme Chancellor Stillman S. Davis, then on an official 
visit to the Ontario Grand Lodge Session, rose, and, at the request 
of the brotherhood, made the presentation of the jewel and the 
following address, viz. : 

To Bro. Dr. John S. King, 

Past Grand Chancellor, K. of P. 

Dear Brother : — We are sometimes led to feel that men are ungrateful, 
and do not appreciate real merit, and devotion to the happiness of others. In 
many instances I regret I am compelled to admit this is true. The world is 
looked upon as cold and selfish, each seeking their own happiness and 
aggrandizement, ever taking to themselves the credit due to others ; this 
cannot but make the sensitive heart of the honest and unselfish man to grieve, 
and feel that purity of heart and motive is not appreciated or rewarded, and 
sometimes we would say "'tis true, 'tis pity, and pity 'tis 'tis true." But, 
my brother, there are noble exceptions to this. Occasionally we meet 
with those who honor and reward the unselfish labors of their fellow-men 
in their efforts to relieve the distress and sufferings, so often the lot of 
mortals. 

You have served the Grand Lodge and Jurisdiction of Knights of 
Pythias of Ontario as Grand Chancellor the past year with unswerving 
fidelity. Your decisions have been impartial, your counsel and advice wise, 
your administration that of a wise, efficient, and devoted officer. You have 
won the hearts of the Knights of Ontario ; in token of this confidence, you 
have been re-elected by your brothers to-day to serve another term as their 
executive officer. In addition to this they have elected you to represent this 
jurisdiction in the council of the Supreme Lodge of the World, a position I 
know you will fill with credit to yourself and your constituents. I have 
declared you duly installed as Grand Chancellor of this Grand Lodge for the 
ensuing and second term. When this declaration was made you assumed 
the rank and title of Past Grand Chancellor in this Order. Your friends 
41 2 F 



482 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 






knew this honor awaited you, and have been preparing for this occasion ; 
they, like noble, chivalrous Knights, have remembered your faithful services 
and prepared this jewel of your rank as P. G. C. as a token of their appreci- 
ation of your efficient and unselfish services as their executive officer. I am 
requested to present it to you in the name of the loyal Knights of Ontario. 
Accept it, my brother, and as you look upon it in years to come, let it remind 
you of the love of these brethren for you, and their appreciation of your 
faithful services as their executive officer. 

And may the bonds of Friendship, Charity, and Benevolence here cemented 
never be broken. 

Brother King, though ordinarily a ready and fluent speaker, 
was so overcome by his feelings that for a time he remained 
speechless, though he subsequently acknowledged in a suitable 
manner the splendid tribute of personal regard, 

At three successive annual sessions Dr. King was unanimously 
elected Grand Chancellor. At the session of 1879, though 
strongly pressed, he declined to accept a re-election. During 
those three years the Brother conferred the ranks on more candi- 
dates than did any Brother ever confer in Ontario. As a result 
of his labors the order doubled its membership. 

No sooner was Dr. King qualified to be a Supreme Represen- 
tative than he was elected to serve in that capacity. He first 
became a member of the Supreme Lodge at the Cleveland session 
in 1877, and soon proved an active and useful member. At 
that session he served on the Finance Committee. During the 
session, at the grand banquet given in honor of the Supreme* 
Lodge, he was one of the speakers of the evening, and did credit 
to Canada in an excellent speech. The following session at 
Indianapolis he was chairman of the Finance Committee. He 
was prevented from being present at the St. Louis session, but 
again appeared at the Detroit session, and served on the Com- 
mittee on the State of the Order ; and during the last days of 
the session served as Acting Supreme Prelate. He labored hard- 
with his colleague, S. R. Geo. H. Mitchell, in securing from the 
Supreme Lodge a special concession to his Grand Jurisdiction 
in the matter of abolishing the Endowment Section and Rank. 
We now learn that he is again at work with his old-time energy 
in infusing new life into the Order, and is urging the formation 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 483 

of Uniform Rank Divisions. He has the reputation of being 
an able advocate of the principles of the Order/ a good and 
fluent speaker, a ready writer, an excellent executive officer, and 
an enterprising, generous, and honorable brother Knight. 



CHARLES D. LUCAS, 

Past Supreme Prelate. 



THIS Past Grand Chancellor of the Knights of Pythias of 
Missouri was born in Independence, Jackson county, Mis- 
souri, on the 5th day of May, 1834. After having received 
a liberal education, he embarked in the dry-goods business, and 
continued in the same until the year 1867, at which time, on 
account of the illness of his father, Gen. Samuel D. Lucas, who 
was the Recorder of Deeds of Jackson county, Mo., he was 
called upon to discharge the duties of that office. Upon the 
decease of his father, he was appointed to fill the unexpired 
term, and was himself elected for the first time to the office in 
the year 1870; he was again elected in the fall of 1874, which 
office he now holds. 

Grand Chancellor Lucas was the first Grand Vice Chancellor 
of the State of Missouri, being elected at the organization of 
the Grand Lodge at the city of St. Louis, Missouri, for the term 
of six months, at the expiration of which term he was, without 
opposition, elected to the office of Grand Chancellor for the 
term of one year. Having served in that office to the satis- 
faction of all, his jurisdiction appreciating and approving his 
past services, elevated him to the position of Supreme Repre- 
sentative, which position he has held continuously ever since. 
At the session of the Grand Lodge of Missouri, in Novem- 
ber, 1875, Mr. Lucas was again called to accept the office of 
Grand Chancellor, much against his own wishes ; but ever 
ready and willing to advance the cause of Friendship, Charity, 



484 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

and Benevolence, he yielded to the earnest solicitations and 
requests of his numerous friends and brethren throughout his 
jurisdiction, and was a second time elected to the high and 
honorable position of Grand Chancellor. Much of the pros- 
perity of the Order in his own State is attributed to his untiring 
energy and zeal in the cause, and it can be truthfully stated that 
he was the originator, and started the first two Lodges in the 
jurisdiction of Kansas, and thus materially aided in adding 
another star to our galaxy. He was elected Supreme Prelate, at 
the session in 1876, of the Supreme Lodge of the World, held 
at Independence Hall, Philadelphia. 



HON. HOWARD MALCOLM KUTCHIN, 

Past Grand Chancellor and. Supreme Representative of 
Wisconsin. 

THIS eminent Knight is a native of Norristown, Pa., and is 
now a resident of the city of Fond du Lac, State of Wis- 
consin. He is the son of the Hon. Thomas T. Kutchin, 
a Pennsylvanian by birth, although of English descent. His 
father in early life studied for the ministry, and at one time had 
charge of a Baptist church in Philadelphia. Later in life he 
studied law, and entered upon its practice as a partner of the 
Hon. Robert M. Palmer, of Pottsville, Pa., who was at the 
time a representative in Congress from the Schuylkill county 
District. 

He was a favorite political speaker, and was successful in his 
chosen field of labor. He removed to Wisconsin in 1855, 
where he remained until his decease, in 1879. The mother of 
the subject of our sketch was of Welsh extraction, her ances- 
tors reaching America in 1684. The forefather who established 
the family in the United States was a clergyman, and was the 
recipient of a large grant of land in Bucks county, Pa., from 
William Penn. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 485 

The family was very prominent and distinguished in the early 
history of Pennsylvania. 

The subject of this sketch received a common school educa- 
tion. After he quit school, he adopted journalism as a life avo- 
cation, and at the age of twenty was city editor of the Cairo 
(111.) Daily News. Afterwards he held positions on various 
journals in different cities of the North and West. In 1867 he 
purchased the Fort Atkinson (Wis.) Herald, and sold it in 1870. 
He subsequently visited California, where he was for a time em- 
ployed on the San Diego Union. In 1871, our brother returned 
to Wisconsin, and bought an interest in the Fond du Lac Daily 
Commonwealth, and is now the sole proprietor and editor-in- 
chief of that most excellent journal. He has achieved distinc- 
tion as a political writer, having been offered and declined the 
enviable position of editor-in-chief of the Milwaukee Sentinel, 
the leading journal of Wisconsin. In 1879, ne was appointed 
Collector of Internal Revenue for the Third District of Wis- 
consin, by President Hayes, but his nomination failed of a con- 
firmation by the Senate, by a party vote, for purely political 
reasons, and by reason of a personal controversy between him- 
self and the Democratic member of Congress from his Congres- 
sional District. 

Upon the election of Garfield he was again appointed Col- 
lector, but the latter dying before the nomination was sent to 
the Senate he was reappointed by President Arthur, and there- 
after confirmed. The case presents the remarkable feature of 
an appointment to the same office by three different Presidents, 
in a space of less than two years. Our brother is an honored 
member of the Masonic Order, A. O. U. W., and Knights of 
Honor, and has filled various positions of responsibility in the 
former. He is a communicant and vestryman of the Epis- 
copal Church, and a member of the Chapter of St. Paul's Cathe- 
dral. 

The subject of this sketch is a strong, active, and very influ- 
ential political worker, and was an ardent admirer and supporter 
of the late Senator Carpenter, between whom and himself the 
warmest and most intimate personal relations existed. But very 
41* 



486 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

9 

few men in Wisconsin command greater respect, or wield a more 
powerful influence in giving direction to public sentiment on 
the political issues of the day. 

His Pythian history is full of interest to the Order. He was 
made a Knight upon the organization of Fidelity Lodge, No. 
19, in the city of Fond du Lac, September, 1875. I n Decem- 
ber, 1875, was elected Vice Chancellor; in December, 1876, 
was elected Chancellor Commander; in December, 1877, was 
elected Representative to the Grand Lodge; in February, 1878, 
was elected Grand Vice Chancellor; in February, 1880, was 
elected Grand Chancellor, and in February, 1881, was duly 
elected Supreme Representative for a term of four years. 

Although a new member, he has already won the esteem and 
confidence of his brothers in the Supreme Lodge of the World, 
and by his zeal, fidelity, and ability will render more valuable 
service to the Order at the ensuing session. 

His wife's maiden name was Elsie M. Irving, who is of 
Scotch extraction, although a native of Wisconsin. They were 
married in 1867, at St. Joseph, Mo., and have two children, a 
son and daughter. 






S. H. GODDARD, 

Past Grand Chancellor and Supreme Representative of Nevada. 

THE subject of this sketch was born in Kennebec county, 
Maine, in March, 1843, an d is the eldest son of a large 
family, whose ancestors were among the early settlers of 
that State. His parents were prosperous farmers, and were 
identified with the Society of Friends as far back as we can 
trace their genealogy. 

After sixteen years of uneventful life expended on the farm 
and at school, he left Oak Grove Seminary to become a "sailor 
before the mast," or, as he sometimes jocosely remarks, "before 
the windlass;" next in the pine forests of Northern Maine, and 




^.^^teCoL^L, 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT- BO OK. 487 

again as a lumberman and raftsman on the head-waters of the 
Alleghany. 

At Pittsburgh, Pa., he plied the trade of a carpenter by day 
and studied architecture at night, and in 1864 was entrusted 
with placing the pier foundations of the first bridge constructed 
at Albany, New York. We next find him as contractor and 
builder of bridges with the Army of the Tennessee, and aiding 
in the defence of Nashville, by his skill, industry, and inge- 
nuity. 

He was also designated as foreman of the Panama railroad-car 
shops in Central America, and soon after leaving that situation 
became quartermaster on a Pacific mail-steamer ; then a con- 
tractor and builder for years at Oakland, California, and for the 
past four years has been located at Virginia City, Nevada, en- 
gaged in setting mining machinery in that State. 

He is unmarried, little above medium height, of symmetrical 
build, and of untiring energy. At home or abroad, he is a so- 
cial, genial, and companionable gentleman. 

Bro. Goddard was made an Odd-Fellow in McFarland Lodge, 
No. 30, of Alleghany City, Pa., and is now a member of the 
Grand Lodge of California. He is also Senior Grand Warden 
of Silver Lodge of Perfection, Ancient and Accepted Scottish 
Rite Masonry, of Virginia City. But his worth as a society 
man was brought out in his introducing the Order of the Knights 
of Pythias into Nevada, and his subsequent acts and guidance 
of the Order as the first Grand Chancellor of this Grand Juris- 
diction. 

He was charged as a Knight in Live Oak Lodge, No. 17, of 
Oakland, California, on September 10, 1870, and in the many 
stations he has since so creditably filled in the Order, has never 
used a book. 

Our brother is an excellent presiding officer, having served 
his Lodge (Nevada, No. 1) several times as Chancellor Com- 
mander, and by wise counsel and worthy example has won a 
high rank in the Order. 



488 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

HON. SAMUEL READ, 
Past Supreme Chancellor. 

^T^HE subject of this brief sketch was born on the 26th day of 
January, 181 5, and is the son of the late General Samuel J. 
Read, one of the ablest lawyers of the New Jersey bar. He 
was educated in the public schools of New Jersey, and whilst at 
home was accustomed to severe manual labor. Endowed by 
nature with an excellent physical constitution, and with a high 
order of mind, he seems now to be in the prime of life, at the 
advanced age of sixty- nine. 

On arriving at majority, he studied law, was admitted to the 
bar, and immediately commenced practising the profession with 
characteristic energy and industry. His strong social nature 
soon led him to connect himself with the Masonic and Odd- 
Fellow fraternities, in which Orders he became very popular as a 
genial, social, warm-hearted man, who would share his purse and 
crust of bread with a deserving friend with a cheerfulness sel- 
dom displayed by men in this selfish age. He has held an 
exalted rank in Odd-Fellowship for the past forty years, and 
this fact aided materially in his advancement to the high posi- 
tion he now holds in our beloved Order. At one time he was 
the M. W. Grand Master of New Jersey, and in 1848, 1849, 
and 1850 was the Grand Representative of the Grand Lodge 
of New Jersey in the Grand Lodge of the United States. He 
was also the Grand Representative from the Grand Encampment 
of New Jersey in 1868, and was also Deputy Grand Master of 
the Masonic Grand Lodge of that State. No member in either 
of those noble Orders is better or more favorably known than 
Past Supreme Chancellor Read. 

When the Order of Knights of Pythias was first introduced 
into his State, he was among the first that enlisted under its 
banners; was elected first Chancellor Commander of New Jersey 
Lodge, No. 1 ; was afterwards appointed Deputy Grand Chan- 
cellor of the State, and upon the organization of the Grand 
Lodge, was unanimously elected Grand Chancellor, in which 
capacity he served with credit to himself and honor to the great 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 489 

cause. He has devoted time, talents, and money to the up- 
building of all the charitable institutions of the country for the 
past third of a century, being especially active and efficient in 
extending Pythian principles. Such men are an honor, not 
only to the Order, but to the race from which they spring. 

" He hath a tear for pity, and a hand 
Open as day, for melting charity ; 

and the elements 
So mixed in him, that Nature might stand up 
And say to all the world, This is a man." 



JAMES H. HARRIS, 
Deputy Supreme Chancellor for the Province of Manitoba. 

THE subject of this sketch is an Englishman by birth, who, 
prior to becoming a member of the Order of Knights of 
Pythias, had made his home in the Canadian frontier town 
of Windsor, over the river from Detroit. There, as well as 
elsewhere, he was, and is, highly respected by all who know 
him. 

In October of 1876, Dr. King, of Toronto, who, in his capac- 
ity as Grand Chancellor of Ontario, had completed a tour of 
visitation to the Subordinate Lodges, visited Windsor to insti- 
tute Friendship Lodge. Among the charter members secured 
was J. H. Harris. At that time Dr. King conferred upon him 
and some 14 or 15 other citizens the three Ranks, but this 
brother was one of the very few on that occasion who manifested 
his confidence in the official assurance given him, and to this 
day alludes with pleasure and pride to his Knightly conduct in 
the presence of the King, whose commands he so promptly and 
confidently obeyed. For some considerable time he was one of 
the most energetic members of that Lodge, as well as an active 
member of other societies ; but his affection for the Pythian 
Order was not greater than that of his brethren for him, and on 
the occasion of his removal to Winnipeg he was made the re- 



49° THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

cipient of tangible proof of the same. The following resolu- 
tions were engrossed and transmitted to him, viz. : 

Whereas, P. C. Bro. James H. Harris having left our city to make Mani- 
toba his home ; 

Resolved, That we recognize the fact that the present success of Friend- 
ship Lodge is largely due to his tireless exertions. 

Resolved, That in the departure of Bro. Harris we have lost a true com- 
panion, a courteous gentleman, and an exemplary Knight. 

Resolved, That while we deplore the departure of our brother, we wish to 
extend to him our most heartfelt wishes for his welfare and success in his 
new sphere of labor. 

Resolved, That while memory remains his name shall live as a green spot 
in the pleasurable memories of each one of the members of this Lodge. 

• The foregoing resolutions indicate the esteem in which he was 
held by those he left behind him ; the recommendation of his 
name to the Supreme Chancellor by the Supreme Representa- 
tives of Ontario for Deputy Supreme Chancellor of Manitoba, 
exhibits the confidence they had that he was the most suitable 
person to carry the Pythian flag into the new territory ; and the 
magnificent results achieved by him as Deputy Supreme Chan- 
cellor, proves the wisdom of his selection for the important 
office he now fills. He is a man of probity and honor, and, 
while not an orator, is nevertheless a practical, common-sense 
speaker, of good delivery, and wins favor by his unostentatious 
manner. His name will doubtless, in years to come, be contin- 
uously referred to as the father of the Order in Manitoba. 



HON. J. D. M. HAMILTON, 

Grand Chancellor of Iowa. 

THE Pythian Knights of Iowa have chosen one of the most 
prominent young lawyers in the State for their chief execu- 
tive officer for 1883-4. The order has attained such colossal 
proportions in Iowa that it now requires a master workman to 
guide its destinies. Its wonderful growth for the past few years 










*gpy'*ti£'i*W' 



J. D. M. HAMILTON. 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 49 1 

has challenged the admiration and profound respect of Knights 
throughout our land, and still the grand work goes bravely on. 
It is, therefore, no trivial honor to be selected from among the 
6,000 Knights of Iowa, brave, loyal, and true, to preside over 
their fortunes. It is safe to assume that Grand Chancellor 
Hamilton is the youngest Knight, beyond doubt, of any pre- 
siding officer in the United States. He was born at Pittsburg, 
Pa., on the 18th day of July, 1851, his father, the Hon. Jno. S. 
Hamilton, being at that time a prominent lawyer and politician 
in the State of Pennsylvania. The subject of this brief sketch 
received a collegiate education at Knox College, situated in 
Galesburg, 111., and graduated in the law from the Washington 
Law University, at St. Louis, Mo. He began the practice of 
law at the city of Fort Madison, Iowa, on the 10th day of May, 
1875, as tne junior member in the firm of Van Valkenburg & 
Hamilton. He has been several times elected to various political 
offices, and is an esteemed leader in his party. He was city 
attorney of the city of Fort Madison for four years ; a member 
of the Seventeenth General Assembly from Lee county, and 
was Congressional elector on the Hancock Presidential ticket, in 
1880. 

The members of his K. of P. Lodge have several times elected 
him as Grand Representative, and the Grand Lodge has hereto- 
fore honored him with the offices of G. M. at A., G. M. of E., 
and G. V. C. He is endowed with excellent native talent, and 
a genial, kind, and social nature, and his acquired abilities are 
of no mean order. We predict that under his administration 
the Order in the State will lose none of its fairly earned prestige, 
but will continue to prosper as in the years just past. His ex- 
cellent knowledge of the law, and of human nature in general, 
will enable him to enlist the sympathy and active co-operation 
of all true Knights in this Grand Jurisdiction. He is already 
actively engaged in the use of both pen and tongue, in laying 
the foundation for a revival in the good work in the State. No 
person in the country more ardently desires that his labors in 
behalf of the good cause may be crowned with success, and 
bring forth the richest fruitage, than the writer hereof. He has 



49 2 THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

now served as Grand Chancellor for three months, and during 
this period thirteen new Lodges have been instituted. There is 
a general revival of zeal in the Pythian work over the State of 
Iowa, and he is daily receiving inquiries, from various sections 
of this Grand Jurisdiction, in relation to the origin, nature, and 
objects of our rapidly growing Order. He promptly responds 
to all such inquiries, and appeals to all to put their shoulders to 
the wheel and aid in pushing forward the glorious work. His 
heart is thoroughly enlisted in the cause, and he is working with 
a tireless energy and a determined will to keep this State in the 
front rank. 



HON. WILLIAM WORTH BLACKWELL, - 

Past Grand Chancellor and Supreme Representative of 
Kentucky. 

THIS eminent Knight of Kentucky was born in Henderson 
county, in that State, on the 5th day of April, 1849. He 
is the son of Paul A. Blackwell and Martha S. Crimes, who 
were married in Virginia, and emigrated to Kentucky in 1848. 
His parents are still living, and still reside in Henderson county. 
The subject of this sketch received a common school education, 
in his native county and State, the studies being limited to those 
of a common school house, intermingled with a little Latin and 
Greek, to aid in perfecting his knowledge of English grammar. 
At the age of fifteen years he entered a store as clerk, and has 
since remained in the hardware business, becoming a partner in 
1869, under the firm name and style of P. A. Blackwell & Co. 

The firm and name still exist, with prospects of being con- 
tinued indefinitely. By pursuing a straightforward, honest, 
manly course in all his business relations, it is easy to see how 
he now commands a large circle of business friends and ac- 
quaintances, and has been more than ordinarily successful in the 
prosecution of various enterprises. He was made a Knight in 
the year 1872, and attained the high and honorable rank of 
Past Chancellor in 1876. In 1877, he entered the Grand Lodge 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 493 

of Kentucky, and the same year was elected to fill the honorable 
office of Grand Master of Exchequer. He was elected Grand 
Vice Chancellor in 1878, and Grand Chancellor in 1879. 

At the close of his term, of office as Grand Chancellor, he was 
made the recipient of an engrossed resolution of thanks (the 
only one ever granted by the Grand Lodge of Kentucky) for 
the able, efficient, and impartial manner of conducting the 
office. In 1 88 1, our Brother was elected Supreme Representa- 
tive for four years, and took the Supreme Lodge degree at 
Detroit session of the Supreme Lodge of the World (1882). 
His term as Supreme Representative expires on December 31, 
1885. 

The subject of this sketch is a Past Grand and Past Chief 
Patriarch of the I. O. O. F., P. C. R. of Forresters, and P. M. 
W. of A. O. U. W. 

He is and has been all his life an uncompromising Democrat 
in politics, and it matters not how long his life may be spared, 
it is safe to assume that his politics will remain the same. On 
October 5, 1869, he intermarried with Marcia A. Stinson ; there 
is one child, the fruit of such marriage, a boy, now about twelve 
years of age. 

Ever since he entered the Grand Lodge of Kentucky, his 
counsel, advice, and influence have left an impression on all the 
legislation of the Grand Lodge. It is conceded that he is one 
of the leaders in the Pythian ranks in that grand State, and this 
fact is fully attested by his election to the supreme judicial and 
legislative body of the Order. 

Although not an orator, in the highest sense of the term, still, 
he has the ability and capacity of expressing forcibly his views, 
on all such questions as arise in such tribunals as the Supreme 
Lodge of the World. He has a well-balanced mental organism, 
with good personnel, and is industrious, faithful, and prudent in 
legislation. We doubt very much whether there is a more 
efficient or capable legislator in the body, taking his work in the 
committee room and on the floor. The Grand Jurisdiction of 
Kentucky, so far as her Representatives are concerned, stands 
abreast with any of her sister Grand Jurisdictions. 
42 



494 THE KNIGHTS OE PYTHIAS 

HON. HALVOR NELSON, 

Past Grand Commander and Supreme Representative of the 
District of Columbia. 

THE subject of our sketch was born in Norway, September 
13, 1836. At the age of twelve years procured and held 
for four years a clerkship in a post-office and bank in his 
native town. His early education was obtained from private 
teachers, who were compensated for their services from the 
scanty income received by him, while serving in the above 
capacity. During the next five years Brother Nelson divided 
his time in the dry-goods, grocery, and commission business, 
continuing his studies and perfecting himself in the art of book- 
keeping. 

Emigrating to America in 1856, he embarked in business in 
the West, and had the misfortune to experience most bitterly 
the financial panic of 1857. At the breaking out of the war, 
he entered the U. S. army as a private, and after five years 
of honorable service was duly mustered out as captain. On 
account of his wounds and in consideration of his superior 
clerical ability, he was not relegated to private life, but was 
immediately appointed clerk at military headquarters, where 
he remained until 1873, wnen he was transferred to the Adjutant- 
General's office, War Department, where he now occupies a 
desk of great responsibility, honored and respected by his chief 
and all the officers of the Bureau. 

Knight Nelson became a Knight of Pythias early in 1873, 
receiving the ranks in Myrtle Lodge, No. 4, of Detroit, Mich., 
was admitted as Past Chancellor at the semi-annual session of 
the Grand Lodge of Michigan, July 29, 1873 ; joined Webster 
Lodge, No. 7, D. C., in the early part of 1874, of which Lodge 
he has been Chancellor Commander several terms, and is now 
its presiding officer. 

His credentials as P. C. were accepted by the Grand Lodge, 
D. C, July 28, 1874, and he has since Jan. 26, 1875, Deen con " 
tinually a representative from Webster Lodge. Was elected from 
the floor Grand Chancellor, Jan. 23, 1877, and Supreme Rep- 



COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT BOOK. 495 

resentative Jan. 25, 1881. He was made a member of the 
Endowment Rank Committee at the session of the Supreme 
Lodge held at Detroit, in 1882, a member of the Finance 
Committee on the examination of the accounts of the Supreme 
Officers at Indianapolis, Ind., in 1883, and was selected by the 
Board of Trustees for, and subsequently appointed by Supreme 
Chancellor Linton, a member of the Board of Control of the 
Endowment Rank. Qn Dec. 3, 1877, while G. C. of the 
District of Columbia, Bro. Nelson was elected Secretary and 
Treasurer of Sec. No. 6, to which position he has been re-elected 
at each annual session He was the first Lieutenant Commander 
of Washington Division, No. 1, U. R., and though declining 
re-election or promotion is still an active and earnest member 
of that branch of the Order. Bro. Nelson is also a member of 
the Masonic, Odd-Fellows, and Jonadab Orders, in the latter has 
filled the position of Sovereign Grand Chief. In Masonry, he 
is in good standing in the Blue Lodge, R. A. Chapter, and 
Commandery. In the A. A. S. R. he has obtained the 3 2d 
degree, and at present is Secretary of Rose Croix Chapter, No. 
1, and Recorder of Robert de Bruce Council of Kadosh, etc. 
There is perhaps no member in the Supreme Jurisdiction who 
is more interested in the success of and better acquainted with 
the Endowment Rank of our Order than Bro. Nelson. The 
very acme of his ambition is to see this popular branch so per- 
fected in its workings as to make it a lasting success. His 
counsel and advice on all matters connected with it are eagerly 
sought and relied upon. Socially, Bro. Nelson is of rather 
retired disposition ; but when once his natural reserve wears 
away and he appears in the light of a friend, his attachments 
are as true and lasting as life itself; and his friendship once 
bestowed is looked upon by the recipient as a pearl of inesti- 
mable value. His standing in the community in which he resides 
is second to none, as in all his business affairs, of whatever nature, 
he is ever governed by those strict rules of probity that have 
made his name the synonym of everything that is upright, 
straightforward, and just. 



49^ THE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS 

CHARLES A. LEE, 
Past Grand Chancellor and Supreme Representative. 

THE subject of our sketch was born in Pawtucket, December 
14, 1845, an d is, consequently, not very far advanced on 
the shady side of thirty-nine. Receiving the elements 
of a modern New England education, he graduated from the 
academy at Lonsdale at the age of eighteen, and immediately 
entered the office of the Gazette and Chronicle, in his native 
town, having, while a pupil at school, developed a strong lik- 
ing and a natural taste for the art of printing, having con- 
ducted an "amateur" office of his own long before he finally 
adopted the business of his future calling. Working steadily, 
and mastering all details of the business, eleven years later, or 
in 1875, ne became one of the editors and proprietors of the 
Gazette and Chronicle, one of the most influential of New Eng- 
land weekly journals, to which he had long been a contributor. 
Possessing a good name and reputation, and wielding a ready 
and graceful pen, he has steadily, and without studied effort, 
built up a local fame that may, with naught to mar it in the fu- 
ture, enlarge and expand far beyond its original local sphere. 

When Eureka Lodge, No. 5, was instituted at Pawtucket, he 
was among the earliest accessions to its ranks, and was the unan- 
imous choice of its members for the highest position in their 
gift for the succeeding term. The following year he was again 
elected Chancellor, faithfully serving his Lodge for a second 
term. When Ivanhoe Lodge, No. 16, an offshoot of Eureka, 
was formed, in February, 1874, he was chosen to fill the chair, 
and performed his duties for the term in an acceptable manner. 

At the annual session of the Grand Lodge in February, 1875, 
he was the almost unanimous choice for Grand Chancellor, hav- 
ing previously served in the offices of Grand Vice Chancellor 
and Grand Master-at-Arms. His elevation to the high office 
was brought about by no means on his part, unless it was a faith- 
ful discharge of his duties in all other offices which he had pre- 
viously filled. His re-election .to the chair at the last annual 
session of the Grand Lodge was a most flattering confirmation 




^. ^£r 



^fC 






COMPLETE MANUAL AND TEXT-BOOK. 497 

of his first year's work, and was all the stronger from the fact 
that his two competitors were gentlemen whose names are well 
known all over the State, and especially in legislative and legal 
circles. 

In person, the Grand Chancellor is six feet one inch in height, 
of slim, but compact build, calm in demeanor and debate, re- 
tiring in manners, fearless in opinion, and of courteous and 
friendly disposition. A fair extemporaneous speaker, he pos- 
sesses the merit in speaking, as well as in writing, of condens- 
ing his thoughts, presenting his subject clearly, and, speaking 
always to the point, of never tiring his hearers. A thorough 
hater of "rings" and "cliques," firmly opposed to election- 
eering in the Lodges, the Order in this State has no more faith- 
ful advocate of its principles, no stronger defender of its rights, 
and no more consistent and conscientious servant than the sub- 
ject of this brief biographical sketch. 
42* 2G 



APPENDIX. 



GENERAL LAWS 

OF THE 

UNIFORM RANK, KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS. 



ARTICLE I. 

POWERS OF THE SUPREME LODGE. 

Section i. It possesses the power to establish the Uniform Rank. 

Sec. 2. To provide, print, and furnish all rituals, ceremonies, tactics, cer- 
tificates, blanks of all kinds, official seals, and such supplies as may be neces- 
sary for the proper work of the Uniform Rank. 

Sec. 3. To provide a necessary and fitting password for the said Rank, 
and regulate the manner and mode of its use. 

Sec. 4. To provide a revenue by the sale of supplies, rituals, emblems, 
tactics, and blanks of all kinds, which may be adopted. 

Sec. 5. To grant warrants to the members of the Order of Knights of 
Pythias, duly qualified, upon proper application being made for the Uniform 
Rank, and to enact laws and regulations to govern the same. 

ARTICLE II. 

TITLES, ETC. 

The official rank and title of the officers of the Uniform Rank shall be : 

1. The Supreme Chancellor as Commander-in-Chief. 

2. Major-General, Commanding the Uniform Rank. 

3. Brigadier-General, Commanding a Grand Jurisdiction. 

4. Colonel, Commanding a Regiment. 

5. Lieutenant-Colonel, Second in Command of a Regiment, or Commander 
of a Battalion composed of less than eight Subordinate Divisions. 

6. Major, Third in Rank in a Regiment. 

7. Captain, Sir Knight Commander, Commanding Subordinate Division. 

498 






APPENDIX. 499 

8. First Lieutenant, Sir Knight Lieutenant Commander, Second in Rank 
in Subordinate Division. 

9. Second Lieutenant, Sir Knight Herald, Third in Rank in Subordinate 
Division. 

IO. STAFF OF MAJOR-GENERAL. 

One Adjutant-General, with rank of Brigadier-General. 
One Inspector-General, with rank of Brigadier-General. 
One Surgeon-General, with rank of Brigadier-General. 
One Quartermaster-General, with rank of Brigadier-General. 
Four Aides-de-Camp, with rank of Colonel. 

STAFF OF BRIGADIER-GENERAL. 

One Assistant Adjutant- General, with the rank of Colonel. 
One Assistant Inspector-General, with the rank of Colonel. 
One Assistant Surgeon -General, with the rank of Colonel. 
One Assistant Quartermaster-General, with the rank of Colonel. 
Three Aides-de-Camp, with the rank of Major. 

All of the above, except officers of Subordinate Divisions, to be commis- 
sioned for four years. 

II. REGIMENTAL STAFF. 

(Colonel, Lieutenant-Colonel, and Major provided for.) 

One Surgeon, with the rank of Major. 

One Adjutant, with the rank of First Lieutenant. 

One Quartermaster, with the rank of First Lieutenant. 

One Chaplain, with the rank of Captain. 

All to be commissioned for four years. 

NON-COMMISSIONED STAFF. 

Sergeant-Major. 

Quartermaster- Sergeant. 

Commissary-Sergeant. 

Provided : No Sir Knight shall hold two commissions for different offices 
at the same time, and that any officer already holding and acting under a 
commission, if he receives and accepts a commission to another position, 
the office in which he was acting at the time of the receipt of such com- 
mission, shall become vacant, and shall be filled by election or appointment. 

ARTICLE III. 

WARRANTS, ETC. 

Section i. Divisions of the Uniform Rank exist by virtue of warrants 
issued through the channels hereinafter designated. 



1 



500 APPENDIX. 

No Division shall be instituted until all the applicants are uniformed as 
hereinafter prescribed. The application for a Division shall contain the sig- 
natures of not less than twenty-seven members of the Order, who have attained 
the Knight's Rank and are in good standing in their respective Lodges, and 
shall also contain a certificate that no one of said applicants has been rejected 
by a Division of the Uniform Rank at any time within the preceding six 
months ; also the fee of thirty dollars for the warrant and supplies. 

Sec. 2. The warrant of Divisions of the Uniform Rank shall be granted 
by the Supreme Chancellor on the recommendation of the Major-General 
commanding, as hereinafter provided. 

Sec. 3. The power to adopt any additional forms, to change, alter, or 
amend any of the secret work or laws, is vested in the Supreme Lodge exclu- 
sively. It shall be the duty of the Supreme Chancellor and Major-General to 
preserve uniformity in the workings of the Rank, and require of all Divisions 
a strict conformity therewith. 

Sec. 4. All warrants for the organization of Divisions, and all orders 
pertaining to the government and management of the Uniform Rank, shall 
be forwarded by the Supreme Chancellor to the Major-General, and by him 
promulgated through the Supreme Jurisdiction. 

ARTICLE IV. 

DIVISIONS. 

Section i. Divisions of the Uniform Rank shall consist of not less than 
twenty-seven members uniformed, and shall hold their meetings at least once 
a month. 

Sec. 2. Not less than ten members shall constitute a quorum, for the 
transaction of business, one of whom shall be qualified to preside. 

Sec. 3. Each Division shall have an official seal, of uniform device, which 
shall be affixed to all official documents and papers issued by the Division ; 
which device shall be a circle one and three-fourths inches in diameter, with 
the monogram U. R. of K. P. in the centre, and the name, number, and loca- 
tion of the Division around the border; said seal to be furnished by the 
Supreme Lodge. 

Sec. 4. The officers of a Division of the Uniform Rank shall be as pre- 
scribed in the Ritual and Tactics, and must be members of the Rank in good 
standing to be eligible to office. A term of office shall be one year. 

Sec. 5. The elective officers of a Division shall be : 

A Captain, or Sir Knight Commander. 

First Lieutenant, or Sir Knight Lieutenant-Commander. 

Second Lieutenant, or Sir Knight Herald. 

Treasurer. 

Recorder. 



APPENDIX. 50I 

A Sir Knight Guard and Sentinel shall be appointed by the Captain. 

Sec. 6. The elective officers named in the preceding section shall be 
elected annually by ballot, at the regular meeting preceding the 19th day of 
February, or Pythian Period of each year, and shall be installed on the night 
of election, or within forty days thereafter, and the officers then chosen shall 
serve until their successors are elected and installed. 

Sec. 7. Any member in good standing shall be eligible to any office in 
his Division, and all officers are eligible to re-election. The mode of elec- 
tion of officers shall be by ballot, and a majority of all the votes cast shall be 
necessary to a choice. In case of no election on the first ballot, the balloting 
shall continue until a majority for one of the candidates is obtained, dropping 
the candidate having the lowest number of ballots at each successive ballot 
after the second ballot has been taken. 

Sec. 8. The Division at its annual election shall elect by ballot an install- 
ing officer to install the officers elect. The Sir Knight so elected will perform 
that duty in accordance with the work prescribed in the Ritual. He shall see 
that the bond of the Treasurer has been filed with, and approved by, the 
Division ; that the annual report to the Supreme Lodge has been made 
out by the Recorder, and the order drawn for the Division dues to the 
Supreme Lodge. Said report shall be indorsed by the installing officer, and 
one copy thereof shall be forwarded by the installing officer, through the regi- 
mental and brigade headquarters, to the Supreme Chancellor, one copy, through 
the regular channels, with the annual dues, to the Supreme Keeper of Records 
and Seal, and one copy to the Major General, one copy to be retained by the 
Division. 

Sec. 9. Vacancies in any elective office may be filled by nomination, elec- 
tion, and installation at any stated meeting of the Division, and the Presiding 
Officer of the Division on that evening shall act as the installing officer. 

The annual dues to the Supreme Lodge shall be five dollars. 

ARTICLE V. 

PENALTIES. 

Section i. Any Division of the Uniform Rank which shall cause to be 
printed, or have made any of the supplies or emblems furnished by the 
Supreme Lodge, shall, upon satisfactory proof, be suspended, and shall forfeit 
its warrrant. 

Sec. 2. Any member of a Division of the Uniform Rank who shall be 
guilty of a violation of the foregoing section, shall be suspended from the 
Rank, and forfeit all benefits and privileges therein. 

Sec. 3. Any member of a Division who has sold or shall sell his uniform 
of the Rank, and not procure another within thirty days thereafter, shall be 
suspended, and forfeit all benefits and privileges therein. 



502 APPENDIX. 

ARTICLE VI. 

REGIMENTAL DIVISIONS. 

SECTION I. Whenever five Divisions of the Uniform Rank shall have 
been organized in any Grand Jurisdiction of the Knights of Pythias, said 
Divisions shall be organized into a Regimental Division. 

Sec. 2. The officers of a Regimental Division shall be as follows : ist. For 
a Regimental Division composed of less than eight separate Divisions, there 
shall be a Commander, who shall rank as a Lieutenant-Colonel ; one Assistant 
Commander, who shall rank as a Major; an Adjutant, with rank as First 
Lieutenant; a Surgeon, with rank as Major; a Chaplain, with rank as Cap- 
tain, and a Quartermaster, with rank as First Lieutenant : Provided, That as 
soon as the requisite number of subordinate Divisions are organized in the 
Grand Jurisdiction, then the complete Regimental Division shall be organized 
as provided in paragraph 2 of this section. 

2d. For a Regimental Division consisting of eight and not more than ten 
separate Divisions, the officers shall be a Commander with rank as Colonel ; 
a First Assistant Commander with rank as Lieutenant-Colonel ; a Second 
Assistant with rank as Major; an Adjutant, a Surgeon, a Chaplain, and 
Quartermaster, the rank of the four officers last named as defined in para- 
graph I of this section. 

Sec. 3. Ten Divisions shall constitute and be known as a Regimental 
Division, and each Division shall take its place in Regiment according to 
seniority in organization : Provided, That when a sufficient number of subor- 
dinate Divisions have been organized to form the second or more Regiments 
within any Grand Jurisdiction, then, if desired, Regiments may be formed of 
those Divisions contiguous to one another, but in Regiments thus formed the 
Divisions composing them shall be assigned according to date of organization. 

Sec. 4. As soon as one Regimental Division shall have been organized in 
any Grand Jurisdiction, then the second Regimental Division shall be organ- 
ized, to consist of not less than five nor more than ten Divisions, each Regi- 
mental Division to be numbered as First, Second, or Third Regiment, accord- 
ing to date of organization. The order of position in line of march shall be 
according to date of organization of Regiment. Officers of Regimental Divi- 
sions and Subordinate Divisions shall take rank and precedence according to 
date at which their separate commands were organized. 

Sec. 5. The officers of each Regimental Division, except the Adjutant and 
Quartermaster, shall be elected by the Sir Knight Commanders, Sir Knight 
Lieutenant-Commanders, and Sir Knight Heralds of the several Divisions 
composing said Regimental Division, and the result of said election shall be 
reported through the proper channels to the Supreme Chancellor, who shall 
cause commissions to be issued to each officer. The term of office shall be 
for four years from date of election. The form of commission shall be pre- 



APPENDIX. 503 

pared by the Supreme Chancellor, the Major-General and Supreme Keeper 
of Records and Seal, and shall bear the official signatures of these officers, 
and seal of the Supreme Lodge. Each officer so commissioned shall pay to 
the Supreme Keeper of Records and Seal the sum of one dollar for the 
benefit of the Supreme Lodge. 

Sec. 6. The Supreme Chancellor shall, when the requisite number of 
Divisions for a Regimental Division are organized in any Grand Jurisdiction, 
and he has been notified by the officers of such Divisions that they desire to 
form a Regiment, if he approve the request he shall then forward it to the 
Major-General, and he shall call together the officers of Divisions named in 
Section 5, for the purpose of electing the officers and organization of the 
Regimental Division, and shall designate the officer to preside and conduct 
said election and organization, and such officer shall within ten days there- 
after make a complete report of the proceedings of such organization to the 
Major-General, and that officer shall, if the report shows that such Regiment 
has been properly organized, approve the report and forward the same to the 
Supreme Chancellor, for his orders therein. 

Sec. 7. No officer or member of a Regimental Division, or of a subordinate 
Division, shall be entitled to attend the deliberations of said Regimental 
Division, except attired in the full dress of his rank. 

Sec. 8. No member shall be eligible to any office in the Regimental 
Division unless he shall be at the time a member of some subordinate 
Division working under the same Regimental Division. 

Sec. 9. Each Regimental Division, at its annual meeting, shall review and 
consider all the official reports of its officers and the proceedings of its subordi- 
nates for the preceding year. It shall elect by ballot its several officers, under 
the laws of the Supreme Lodge, for the terms therein specified, and fill all 
vacancies which may have occurred by death or resignation. 

It shall have power to adopt such rules and edicts, subordinate to the Con- 
stitution and the laws of the Supreme Lodge of the World, as may be neces- 
sary for the good of the Order, subject to the approval of the Supreme Chan- 
cellor and Major-General. It shall examine and audit the accounts of the 
Quartermaster and Adjutant. It shall supervise the state and condition of 
the finances, and adopt such measures in relation thereto as may be nece* ary 
to increase, secure, and preserve the same, and also to secure the utmost 
punctuality on the part of every accounting officer in the safe keeping and 
paying over the funds and property of the Regimental Division. It may 
assign the limits of subordinate Divisions within its own jurisdiction, and 
settle all controversies that may arise between them, and finally, do all mat- 
ters and things appertaining to the good, well-being, and perpetuation of 
the Uniform Rank, but always subordinate to the Supreme Lodge of the 
World. 

Sec. 10. At every meeting, all questions shall be determined by a majority 



504 APPENDIX. 

vote, the presiding officer, for the time, being entitled to one vote. In case 
the votes are equally divided, he shall also give the casting vote. 

Sec. II. The Adjutant and Quartermaster shall be selected by the com- 
manding officer of the Regiment, and on his recommendation shall be com- 
missioned as in the case of other officers, and shall hold their office for the 
period of four years. 

Sec. 12. The Sergeant-Major and Quartermaster-Sergeant shall be ap- 
pointed by the commanding officer of the Regiment, and may be removed 
by him at any time for cause. 

Sec. 13. The Regimental Division officers, and the officers commissioned 
as Brigadier-Generals who now hold commissions, rank, and powers, shall 
hold the same and discharge the duties thereof during the time for which 
they were commissioned by the Supreme Chancellor. 

ARTICLE VII. 

BRIGADES. 

Section i. Whenever two or more Regimental organizations shall have 
been completed in any Grand Jurisdiction of the Knights of Pythias, said 
Regiments shall be organized into a Brigade formation. 

Sec. 2. The commanding officers of the Brigade shall be elected by the 
commissioned officers of the regiments which are to compose the Brigade, and 
the result of said election shall be reported to the Major-General, and by him 
to the Supreme Chancellor, whereupon the Supreme Chancellor shall cause a 
commission to be issued to the officer so elected as Brigade Commander, 
with the rank of Brigadier- General. His term of office shall be for four 
years from date of election. 

Sec. 3. The Supreme Chancellor shall, when the requisite number of Regi- 
ments to organize a Brigade are reported to him as having been organized 
in any Grand Jurisdiction, if he approve the request, indorse his approval 
thereon and forward the application to the Major-General, and he shall 
call together the commissioned officers of such Regiments for the purpose of 
electing the Commanding Officer of the Brigade, and shall designate the officer 
to preside at and conduct said election and organization, and such officer 
shall, within ten days after said election, make a complete report of the pro- 
ceedings of such election to the Major-General, who shall, if the organization 
be in conformity to law, forward it to the Supreme Chancellor, as required in 
the preceding section, for his action as therein prescribed. 

Sec. 4. Such Brigade Commander shall, upon the receipt of his commis- 
sion, select and recommend for commission the following officers, which shall 
compose his staff, to wit : 

One Assistant Adjutant-General with rank of Colonel. 

One Assistant Inspector-General with rank of Colonel. 



A Pr END IX. 505 

One Assistant Surgeon-General with rank of Colonel. 

One Assistant Quartermaster-General with rank of Colonel. 

Three Aides-de-Camp with rank of Major. 

Such recommendations to be forwarded to the Supreme Chancellor through 
the Major-General. Upon receipt of such recommendation, the Supreme 
Chancellor shall cause commissions to be issued to each of the persons so 
designated, said commission to be for the period of four years. 

Sec. 5. The Brigade Commander shall have command of, and a watchful 
supervision over, all Regimental and Subordinate Divisions within his Grand 
Jurisdiction, and see that all the constitutional enactments, rules, laws, and 
commands of the Supreme Lodge, the Supreme Chancellor, the Major- 
General commanding the Uniform Rank Knights of Pythias of the World, 
relating to the Uniform Rank, are duly and promptly observed. He may 
call special meetings either of the officers or of the Divisions within his 
Grand Jurisdiction at his own discretion. He may visit and preside at any 
Subordinate Division or Regimental Division within his Grand Jurisdiction, 
and give such instructions and directions as the good of the Order may 
require, being at all times governed by the laws of the Supreme Lodge, and 
the commands of the Supreme Chancellor and Major-General commanding 
the Uniform Rank Knights of Pythias of the World. 

He shall, when present, take charge of and command at all meetings, 
parades, or other assemblies of the Regimental Divisions within his jurisdic- 
tion, and shall issue such orders as he may deem fit and proper for advancing 
the interests of the Uniform Rank within his jurisdiction, not inconsistent with 
the provisions herein contained, and such orders shall be binding upon all of 
'the Brigade. 

Sec. 6. The officers of each Brigade, or each Regimental Division where 
a Brigade organization has not been completed, shall meet each year, at a 
time and place to be selected by the officers of such Brigade or Regimental 
Division, for the transaction of such business as may pertain to the welfare 
and prosperity of such Brigade or Regimental Division, and shall forward a 
report of their proceedings to the Supreme Chancellor and the Major-General 
commanding the Uniform Rank Knights of Pythias of the World, and all 
proceedings had by such Brigade or Regimental Division and approved as 
not in conflict with the laws of the Supreme Lodge, shall govern and control 
said Brigade or Regimental Division. 

Each Brigade, or Regimental Division, in such jurisdictions as have not 
yet organized in Brigade formation, shall adopt a constitution for its own 
government and the government of each subordinate branch thereof, which 
constitution shall be in accordance with the provisions of the Supreme Lodge 
and the laws enacted by the Supreme Lodge for the government of the Uni- 
form Rank ; and such constitution shall be in full force and effect from and after 
its approval by the Major-General and the Supreme Chancellor of the World. 
43 



506 APPENDIX. 

During the recess, or in the interim between the annual meetings of the 
Brigade, the Brigade Commander may, for cause, suspend from the functions 
of his office any officers of the Brigade, Regimental, or Subordinate Divisions ; 
but in no case shall such suspension affect the standing in the Order of such 
officer or his membership within his Division ; and he shall report his action 
in full therein to the next annual meeting, for its final action. 

Sec. 7. In case of the death or resignation of any Brigade Commander, 
it shall be the duty of the Assistant Adjutant-General of such Brigade to at 
once notify the Major-General commanding the Uniform Rank of such death 
or resignation, and thereupon the Major-General shall appoint an officer, or a 
member of the Uniform Rank residing in said jurisdiction, to fill the vacancy, 
who shall hold his office until the next annual meeting of the Brigade, when 
an election shall be held for Brigade Commander. 

Sec. 8. In the event of the absence at the annual meeting of a Regimental 
Division of all the three principal officers of such Regimental Division, said 
Division shall proceed to elect an officer pro tem., to preside over the delib- 
erations of the body. 

Sec. 9. The Assistant Adjutant-General shall keep correct records of the 
proceedings of the annual meetings of the Brigade; he shall conduct the cor- 
respondence, and issue all orders under direction of the Brigade Commander; 
draw all requisitions on the Assistant Quartermaster-General, make out all 
returns and reports to the Major-General, or the Supreme Chancellor, and 
transmit the same through the Brigade Commander to the Adjutant-General ; 
he shall keep an order-book, and files of all orders, reports, and correspond- 
ence, and perform such other duties, and keep such other records in connec- 
tion with his office, as may be required of him by the Brigade Commander 
or the Supreme Lodge. 

Sec. 10. The Assistant Quartermaster-General shall hold the funds, 
securities, vouchers, and property of the Brigade, and fill all requisitions 
drawn by the Assistant Adjutant-General and approved by the Brigade 
Commander. 

Sec. 11. Assistant Inspectors-General shall make inspections of the Sub- 
ordinate Divisions within their respective Brigades whenever required, and 
shall report the result of the same immediately to the Inspector-General, and 
shall perform such other duties as may be required of them by the Inspector- 
General, the Brigade Commander, or the Major-General. 

ARTICLE VIII. 

MAJOR-GENERAL. 

Section i. The Major-General, at the time of his appointment, shall be 
a Past Grand Chancellor, and a member of the Supreme Lodge and of the 
Uniform Rank, in good standing. He shall be appointed by the Supreme 



APPENDIX. 507 

Chancellor, and shall hold his office for a term of four years from the date 
of appointment, and until his successor shall have been duly elected and 
installed. 

Sec. 2. It is the prerogative and duty of the Major-General to have com- 
mand and a watchful supervision over all the Brigades and Divisions, regi- 
mental and subordinate, within the jurisdiction of the Supreme Lodge Knights 
of Pythias of the World, and see that all the constitutional enactments, laws, 
and edicts of the Supreme Lodge are duly and promptly observed, and that 
the work and discipline of the Uniform Rank everywhere are uniform 
throughout the jurisdiction of the Supreme Lodge, and that the dress is 
uniform, unless otherwise ordered by the Supreme Lodge. 

Among his special duties and prerogatives are the following: 

1st. To appoint the members of his individual staff, consisting of one 
Adjutant-General, with rank of Brigadier-General ; one Inspector-General, 
with the rank of Brigadiei'-General ; one Surgeon-General, with the rank of 
Brigadier-General ; one Quartermaster-General, with the rank of Brigadier- 
General ; four Aides-de-Camp, with the rank of Colonel ; who, upon his 
recommendation to the Supreme Chancellor, shall be commissioned by that 
officer to the position and rank named. 

2d. To visit and preside in and over Brigade or Divisions, regimental 
or subordinate, and give such instructions or directions as the good of the 
Order may require, always adhering to the constitution, statutes, and edicts 
of the Supreme Lodge ; and upon the general assembling of the Uniform 
.Rank, Knights of Pythias, he shall, when present, take command. 

3d. To examine, in conjunction with the Supreme Chancellor, all laws 
enacted by any Brigade or Regimental or Subordinate Division, which, upon 
being confirmed by the Supreme Chancellor and Major-General, shall be the 
laws governing the respective Grand Jurisdictions. 

Sec. 3. In case of the unknightly conduct or violation of the reputable 
rules of society by any member of the staff of the Major-General, or of any 
Brigadier-General, the Major-General, or such Brigadier-General, shall have 
the authority to suspend such officer, from the discharge of his duties as such 
staff officer, and a full report of the facts in the case shall be prepared, signed 
by the commanding officer, and forwarded through the proper channels to 
the Supreme Chancellor for his action. And the Supreme Chancellor 
shall, if he finds such staff officer guilty, revoke the commission of such 
officer, and declare his office vacant. 

Sec. 4. In case of the death or resignation of the Major-General, the 
Supreme Chancellor shall have authority to fill the vacancy, and the one so 
appointed shall be a Past Grand Chancellor and a member of the Uniform 
Rank and a member of the Supreme Lodge. 

Sec. 5. The Major-General shall render to the Supreme Chancellor such 
reports as may be requested from time to time. He shall attend and render 



508 APPENDIX. 

a full and complete report to the Supreme Lodge at each regular session, 
together with such recommendations concerning the Uniform Rank as he 
shall deem best for the interests and welfare of the Uniform Rank and 
Supreme Lodge Knights of Pythias of the World. 

ARTICLE IX. 
STAFF OFFICERS. 

ADJUTANT-GENERAL. 

Section i. The Adjutant- General shall keep correct records of the pro- 
ceedings of the Uniform Rank Knights of Pythias of the World. 

He shall conduct its correspondence and issue all necessary orders under 
direction of the Major-General Commanding the Uniform Rank Knights of 
Pythias of the World. 

He shall prepare all books and blanks necessary for Brigade and Regi- 
mental Divisions or Subordinate Divisions under direction of the Major- 
General. 

He shall keep a full and complete roster of all the different organizations 
of the Uniform Rank Knights of Pythias, and shall perform such other duties, 
and keep such other records and books as the Major-General or the Supreme 
Lodge may require of him. 

He shall be the Chief of Staff of the Major-General, and shall attend with 
that officer and render such assistance on all public parades or assemblies as 
may be required. 

QUARTERMASTER-GENERAL. 

Sec. 2. The Quartermaster-General shall hold the funds and securities 
directly belonging to the Supreme Division, and shall fill all requisitions that 
shall be drawn upon him by the Adjutant-General and approved by the 
Major-General. He shall give such security for the faithful and honest dis- 
charge of his duties as may be required from time to time by the Major- 
General, said bond to be given payable to the Supreme Lodge Knights of 
Pythias of the World for the use and benefit of the Uniform Rank Knights 
of Pythias of the World. 

INSPECTORS. 

Sec. 3. The Inspector- General shall prescribe the form of blanks to be 
used for the inspection of brigades, regimental and subordinate Divisions, 
and, with the approval of the Major-General, may give such special instruc- 
tions in reference to inspections as may be deemed necessary. He shall 
prepare an abstract of the reports received from the Assistant Inspector-Gen- 
erals of Brigades for the information of the Major-General. He shall be held 
responsible to the Major-General for the proper equipment, uniforming, and 
tactical instruction of the Uniform Rank Knights of Pythias. 



APPENDIX. 509 



Sec. 4. Assistant Inspector-Generals shall make a thorough inspection of 
the Brigades to which they are attached every year, and shall make a written 
report to his Commanding Officer of the numbers reporting for duty, condi- 
tion, discipline, and efficiency of the different Divisions of his Brigade, and 
shall furnish a copy of said report to the Inspector-General on the 19th day 
of February of each year, or within ten days thereafter ; and shall make such 
other reports relative to condition and efficiency of his Department as may be 
ordered from time to time by the Inspector-General. He shall be held 
responsible for the proper equipment, uniforming, and tactical instruction of 
the Divisions within his Grand Jurisdiction. 

Sec. 5. All books, papers, accounts, records, and proceedings pertaining 
to the Uniform Rank Knights of Pythias, shall be subject to inspection at all 
times by the Inspector-General and the several Assistant Inspector-Generals 
within their respective jurisdictions. 

SURGEON- GENERAL. 

Sec. 6. The Surgeon-General shall perform the duties properly appertain- 
ing to that office, and shall attend the general parades and encampments, and 
shall have command of the Assistant Surgeon-Generals of Brigades, and the 
Medical Staff, and shall see that whatever medical or surgical aid is required 
shall be promptly and properly rendered. 

ARTICLE X. 

PAST OFFICERS. 

All Major-Generals, Brigadier-Generals, and Colonels who have served 
one full term as such officers shall be entitled to wear a jewel of honor, to 
be hereafter designed and adopted by the Supreme Lodge Knights of Pythias ; 
or if at the end of one full term of office they shall retire from active service 
as such officers, they shall be entitled to wear the uniform of their rank and 
the jewel of honor denoting their past service. Said jewel to be worn on 
the left breast. If so desired by them, said officers shall be placed on the 
retired list of their respective Subordinate or Regimental Divisions or Bri- 
gades, or, in case of the Major-General, upon the retired list of the Uniform 
Rank Knights of Pythias. They shall have the privilege of attending the 
sessions of the Brigade or Regimental Divisions, or Command from which 
they are retired, and shall have a voice in the deliberations of said body, but 
without a vote; on occasions of public parade they shall take post on the right 
of the line, in accordance with their rank. They shall be eligible to any 
-office of the Uniform Rank Knights of Pythias, and may be detailed for 
active or special duty by the Supreme Lodge, Supreme Chancellor, the 
Major-General commanding the Uniform Rank Knights of Pythias of the 
World, or by any other officer of their respective commands who is not 
inferior in rank to that originally held by such retired officer. 
43* 



5 IO APPENDIX. 



ARTICLE XI. 

MEMBERSHIP. 

Section I. No person shall be admitted to the Uniform Rank who is not 
in possession of the rank of Knight, and is not properly qualified as provided 
by the laws of the Rank and in good standing in the Order of Knights of 
Pythias, nor unless he be reported favorably upon by a committee of investi- 
gation, to be composed of three members of the Division, and be duly elected. 
Nor shall any application be received unless accompanied by the proper fee. 

ARTICLE XII. 

UNIFORM AND DRILL MANUAL. 

Section I. The meetings of the Divisions of the Uniform Rank shall be 
attended by the members thereof in full or fatigue uniform, as may be ordered 
by the officer in command, and at such times and places as he may direct. 
At such meetings the Commander may dispense with the formal opening and 
closing ceremonies, except in conferring of the Rank. 

Sec. 2. Carnahan & Hamilton's Manual of Drill and Tactics shall be the 
Official Drill Manual for all Divisions of the Uniform Rank, and all Divisions 
are especially prohibited from the adoption or use of any other system of drill 
or tactics. 

Sec. 3. The flag of the Subordinate Divisions of the Uniform Rank 
Knights of Pythias shall be a scarlet flag, 36 by 54 inches in size, material 
to be silk, to have the emblem of the Uniform Rank in the centre, embroid- 
ered in white silk or silver, or painted in white, and the name and number of 
the Division painted or worked thereon with silver, and trimmed with silver 
fringe around the border, and cord and tassels in silver and scarlet ; such flag 
to be used only on occasions when the Division shall parade separate from the 
Grand Division : Provided, That any Subordinate Division of this Rank may 
also carry the flag of the nationality of the country where the Rank has been 
established, and such presentation banners or flags as they may receive. The 
specifications for a flag for the Regimental Divisions shall be prepared by the 
Supreme Chancellor and Major-General, and the same shall be promulgated 
by the Supreme Chancellor. 

Sec. 4. The uniform of the Uniform Rank Knights of Pythias shall be as 
follows : 

Coats. — All officers above the rank of Captain shall wear the double- 
breasted frock-coat, made of blue-black cloth, the skirt to extend from one- 
half to three-fourths of the distance from the hip down to the bend of the 
knee ; standing collar not less than one nor more than two inches in height, 
to hook in front at the bottom, slope thence upward and backward at an angle 






APPENDIX. 5 1 1 



of thirty degrees on each side, corners rounded ; cuffs three inches deep to go 
around the sleeves parallel with the lower edge, and with three small buttons 
on the under seam ; pockets in folds of the skirts, with two buttons on the 
hip and one at the lower end of each side edge, making four buttons on the 
pockets of the coat. 

For Major- General. — The coat for Major-General shall have two rows of 
gold buttons on the breast, nine buttons in each row, placed in groups of 
threes ; collar and cuffs of the coat to be of dark-blue velvet. 

For Brigadier- General. — The same as for Major-General, except that there 
shall be eight gold buttons in each row, placed in groups of twos. 

For Colonel, Lieutenant-Colonel, and Major. — The same as for a General, 
except that there shall be nine gold buttons in each row on the breast, placed 
in equal distances ; collar and cuffs of the same material as the coat. 

For Captain, First and Second Lieutenants, and Knights. — Black cloth coat, 
military style, single-breasted, standing collar, length three inches above the 
knee, trimmed with nine silver buttons in front and four behind, and three on 
each sleeve; buttons to be of silver or white metal. All buttons to be the 
style of staff buttons, with the emblem of the Uniform Rank thereon. Pro- 
vided, That such Subordinate Division Officers as now have the double- 
breasted frock-coat are permitted to wear the same until it shall become 
necessary for them to procure new uniforms. 

Trousers. — For all officers above the rank of Captain to be of dark-blue 
cloth, without stripe, welt, or cord ; all others to be of black cloth or cassi- 
mere of the uniform style. 

Chapeau or Helmet (full dress). — For all officers of the General staff 
and all General officers, black silk folding chapeau, trimmed with two black 
ostrich plumes running over the top from front to rear, a gold chapeau tassel 
on each peak, on the right side a black silk rosette five inches in diameter, 
surmounted by a strap with gold embroidery one-fourth inch wide, strap to 
be five inches long, two inches wide, including the embroidery, with rounded 
ends ; a silver bullion lily to be embroidered in the upper ends, and a gold 
emblematic button in the lower end ; across the front and back peak on each 
side a black silk ribbon slashing, one inch wide ; chapeau to be worn with 
the front peak turned slightly to the left, showing the gilt ornament on the 
right side. 

For Major- General and Brigadier- General Commanding a Division. — The 
centre of the strap on the right side to be gold, all others to be of scarlet silk 
velvet. 

For Colonels, Field and Staff. — White cloth covered cork helmet, same as 

pattern now worn, with top piece, spike, chin chain, strap and side button, all 

of gold ; on the front a scarlet velvet oval shield two and three-quarter inches 

in length and two and a quarter inches in breadth at the centre, gold em- 

- broidered border with upright silver embroidered lily in the centre, sur- 



512 APPENDIX. 

mounted by a black and white fountain plume nine inches in length, upper 
half white, lower half black, screwed into the socket, the feathers of the 
plume falling down over the top of the helmet. 

For Captain, First and Second Lieutenants. — Same helmet as worn by field 
and staff officers, except plume to be of white and red, with white uppermost, 
embroidered shield escutcheon of scarlet velvet with silver border and em- 
broidered silver lily in the centre, " U. R." in monogram on the side but- 
tons, silver- or nickel-plated chin chain, spike base and plume socket, all 
trimmings to be of nickel or silver. 

For Sir Knights. — Same helmet and same trimmings, except the plume to 
be of scarlet feathers and silver- or nickel-plated spike to be worn in the socket 
in damp or rainy weather : Provided, That Divisions of the Uniform Rank that 
are now using or wearing either the black or nickel-plated helmet may use 
such helmets until such time as they may desire to make the change to the 
helmets herein prescribed. Provided, further, That where a body of Knights 
desiring to organize a Division of the Uniform Rank may, if they have the 
helmet heretofore adopted for the Knights Rank, use such helmet by making 
change of trimmings to conform to the U. R. ; and further provided, That 
those Divisions now having the nickel-plated helmet may use the fountain 
plume herein defined until such time as they shall procure the white helmet.. 

Gauntlets. — For all Mounted Officers, Field and Staff. All mounted 
officers shall wear buff military gauntlets. 

For Major-General and Brigadier-General commanding Brigades, the or- 
nament on the cuff shall be a circle with a gold embroidered border enclos- 
ing a silver embroidered lily on a gold field. The diameter of the circle 
enclosing the embroidery to be two inches. 

For all other officers of the General Staff the centre of the circle shall be 
of scarlet velvet. 

For a Colonel and Staff, the ornament shall be in the form of an oval with 
gold bullion border enclosing a silver embroidered lily on a scarlet field. 

Gloves. — All Officers and Sir Knights of the Subordinate Divisions shall 
wear white gloves. 

Epaulets and Shoulder Knots. For a Major-General. — Same as 
usually prescribed for an officer of like grade in the United States army, of 
gold with a silver star of five rays in the centre of the crescent at the base 
of the shank, and a small silver star at the upper end near the shoulder, in 
the centre a gold embroidered circle enclosing a silver embroidered lily on a 
gold field; the star and the circle to be placed on the shank of the epaulet 
equally distant from each other. 

For Brigadier- General Commanding a Division. — Same as for a Major- 
General, except that there shall be but one star in the centre of the crescent 
at the base of the shank and a circle enclosing a silver lily on a gold field 
above the star. 



APPENDIX. 513 

For all other Brigadier- Generals. — The same, except the field in the cen- 
tre of the circle shall be of scarlet velvet. 

For all Commissioned Officers below the rank of a Brigadier-General, ex- 
cept of a Subordinate Division, gold cord shoulder knot, Russian pattern, 
on scarlet velvet, with the insignia of official rank embroidered on a velvet 
ground. 

For Colonel. — A silver embroidered eagle in the centre of the pad, sur- 
mounted by a silver embroidered lily. 

For Lieutenant- Colonel. — A silver embroidered leaf at each end of the 
pad, with a silver embroidered lily in the centre of the pad, upright. 

For Major. — Same as Lieutenant-Colonel, except the leaves shall be of 
gold instead of silver. 

For a Captain. — Two silver bars across each end of the pad, with em- 
broidered lily in the centre, upright. 

For First Lieutenant. — Same as for Captain, except there shall be but one 
bar embroidered across each end of the pad. 

For Second Lieutenant. — Same as for Captain, except there shall be no 
bars. 

The Shoulder Knots of subordinate Division officers to be of silver cord. 

For Chaplain. — Same as for Captain of Staff, except there shall be an up- 
right cross in the centre, with lily entwined. 

The Sir Knights, Recorder, Treasurer, Guard, Sentinel, Standard Bearer, 
and the Sir Knights in line, shall wear the emblem of the Rank on each 
shoulder, the same being a strap three and a half inches long and one and 
a half inches wide, including embroidery, of scarlet silk-velvet, bordered 
'with one row of silver embroidery one-fourth inch wide and corded in gold, 
a narrow edge of scarlet showing on the outer edge of strap, and bearing in 
the centre a lily embroidered in silver. 

Shoulder Straps for Fatigue Dress. — On the fatigue uniform the 
shoulder straps may be worn to designate rank, as follows : 

For Major- General. — Strap four inches long, one and five-eighths inches 
wide, bordered with gold embroidery one-fourth inch wide, two silver stars 
of five rays each, embroidered, and a silver embroidered lily in the centre — 
all on a gold field. 

For Brigadier- General Commanding a Brigade. — Same as for Major- 
General, except that there shall be but one star in the centre, and a silver 
embroidered lily at each end on a gold field. 

For all other Brigadier- Generals. — The same, except the field shall be of 
scarlet velvet. 

For Colonel. — The same as for Brigadier-General, scarlet velvet field, with 
an embroidered spread-eagle in the centre of the strap, two inches between 
the tips of the wings, surmounting an embroidered silver lily. 

For Lieutenant- Colonel. — The same as Colonel, except a silver embroidered 

2 II 



514 APPENDIX. 

leaf at each end of the strap, and a silver embroidered lily in the centre of 
the strap. 

For Major. — The same as for Lieutenant-Colonel, except the leaves shall 
be of gold instead of silver. 

For Captain of Staff. — The same, except there shall be at each end two 
silver bars of the same width as border, embroidered, placed parallel with 
the ends of the straps, at a distance between them and the border equal to 
the width of the border, with a silver lily in the centre. 

For First Lieutenant of Staff. — Same as for Captain, except there shall be 
but one bar at each end of the strap. 

For Second Lieutenant. — The same, except there shall be no bars. 
-For Captain, First and Second Lieutenants of the Subordinate Division. — 
The same as for officers of like grade on the staff", except the borders shall be 
of silver. 

For Chaplain. — Same as for Captain of Staff, except there shall be a cross 
in the centre with lily entwined. 

Chevrons. — The rank of all non-commissioned officers of the staff shall 
be marked by chevrons, points down, upon both sleeves of the uniform coat, 
above the elbow, of scarlet velvet, divided into bars one-half inch wide by 
a gold braid one-eighth inch wide. 

For Sergeant- Major. — Three bars and an arc with a silver lily within the 
space. 

For a Quartermaster- Sergeant. — Three bars and a tie of three bars, with 
an embroidered lily in the space. 

For a Co?nmissary- Sergeant. — Three bars with a silver lily in the angle. 

For Sir Knight Guard Sentinel. — Same as now worn. 

Swords. — For all General Officers. — Straight sword, rapier pattern, thirty- 
four to forty inches in length, according to the height of the wearer, gilt 
hilt, shell guard, white grip, gold scabbard with emblematic mountings. 

For Field and Staff Officers. — Same as for General Officers. 

For Officers and Knights of the Subordinate Division. — Crossed handle or 
guard, black grip and helmet head, with chain guard same as now worn, with 
a nickel- or silver-plated scabbard with appropriate devices, suspended by three 
barrel-chains from side ring ; sword scabbard and chains white metal. 

Sword Knots. — For all General Officers. — Gold cord with acorn ends. 

For Field and Staff Officers. — Gold lace strap with gold bullion tassels. 

Aiguillettes. — All officers of the General Staff with the rank of Colonel, 
and the Adjutant of the Regimental Staff, shall wear a gold cord aiguillette 
attached to the shoulder knot on the right side. 

Sword Belts. — For Major- General. — Red Russia leather, one and three- 
quarter inches wide, with pattern of embroidery in gold bullion ; one long 
and one short sling of the same material of the belt to correspond ; gold- 
plated square or oblong emblematical U. R. buckle. 



APPENDIX. 5 I 5 

For Brigadier- General. — Same as for Major-General, except there shall be 
three rows of gold bullion embroidery. 

For all Officers, of the General Staff— Scarlet body, faced with solid gojd 
lace on the front, with slings of the same material. 

For all Commissioned Officers of the Regimental Staff. — Same as for General, 
except the front of the belt shall be faced with gold lace interwoven with red, 
forming four rows of gold and three rows of red, with slings of the same material. 

For all Commissioned Officers of the Subordinate Division. — Scarlet leather, 
one and three-quarter inches wide, faced with silver, with three rows of silk 
interwoven, silver-plated square belt buckle, emblematic design, three silver- 
plated barrel-chains, two short and one long, hung from silver-plated emblem- 
atic slides, cap-hanger of the same pattern as the chain-slide. 

For Sir Knights. — Shall be of red enamelled leather, with silk stitchings, 
one and three-quarter inches wide. Same buckle, slides, and chains as com- 
missioned officers of Subordinate Divisions. 

SASH. — To be tvorn by General Officers only. — Buff silk net, with silk 
bullion fringe ends ; sash to go twice around the waist, tie behind the hip, 
pendant, but not to extend more than eighteen inches below the belt. 

The Major-General may wear the sash across the body from the left 
shoulder to the right side. 

Sec. 6. All uniforms of any other design or pattern different from that 
herein prescribed is hereby strictly prohibited, and instituting officers are 
hereby forbidden to institute any Division unless the uniforms are in strict 
conformity with specifications herein contained. 

In all competitive drills by Divisions of the Uniform Rank, if any Division 
shall enter such contest with any uniform or part thereof differing from the 
uniform herein prescribed, such lack of conformity to the established uniform 
shall be scored to the discredit of such Division : Provided, however, That 
this law shall not affect Divisions who have complied with the law heretofore 
in force in regard to uniforms of the Uniform Rank, and who have not yet 
had sufficient time to make the changes to conform to these regulations. 

Sec. 7. From and after the adoption of the within described uniform by 
the Supreme Lodge, there shall be no further change of uniforms to be worn 
by this Rank for the period of ten years. 

ARTICLE XIII. 

PARADES AND DRILLS. 

Section I. The 30th day of August, in each and every year, is hereby 
designated as the Anniversary Day of the Uniform Rank, which, together 
with the 19th day of February, or Pythian Period, should be observed by 
parade. And other parades may be called at the discretion of the Com- 
mander of the Subordinate Division, Regimental or Brigade Commanders, 
or by the Major-General or Supreme Chancellor. 



5 16 APPENDIX. 

Sec. 2. Meetings for drills, as prescribed in the By-Laws of the Subordi- 
nate Division, or upon the order of the Commander of the Division, may be 
held at the armory or any other place selected, and at such times the uniform 
and the ritualistic ceremonies for opening will be dispensed with. 

Sec. 3. Attendance at drills and parades, and deportment of members 
while in uniform and on duty shall be regulated by the By-Laws of the 
Divisions, and such fine imposed as may be required to insure efficiency, or 
that may be deemed to the interest of Divisions. 

Sec. 4. Each Subordinate Division shall prepare and adopt By-Laws for 
its government. Such By-Laws shall be forwarded through intermediate 
channels to the Major-General, and by him to the Supreme Chancellor for 
approval, and from and after their approval by the Major-General and the 
Supreme Chancellor, shall be in full force and effect. 

Sec. 5. All Subordinate Divisions, Regimental Divisions, or Brigades are 
strictly forbidden to engage in Sunday picnics or excursions, and any 
Division, Regimental Division, or Brigade guilty of the violation of this sec- 
tion, or of any violation of the reputable rules of society, shall have its war- 
rant arrested by the Regimental Commander, Brigade Commander, or Major- 
General, and the facts shall be reported to the Supreme Chancellor for his 
action thereon. 

Sec. 6. Subordinate Divisions before turning out for any special parade or 
drill oflier than a regular practice drill or parade, must first obtain permission 
from the Regimental or Brigade Commander, and where there is no Regi- 
mental Division in a State or Grand Jurisdiction, Subordinate Divisions in 
such States must have such permission from the Major-General. 

ARTICLE XIV. 



Section i. At the institution of a Division the supplies which are furnished 
for the fee of thirty dollars accompanying the application shall be as follows : 

Warrant, 

Four rituals, 

Seal, 

Chevrons for Sir Knights Guard and Sentinel, and 

Three copies of the official Manual of Drill and Tactics. 

The prices of all other supplies will be fixed from time to time by the 
Supreme Chancellor and Supreme Keeper of Records and Seal, and pub- 
lished in official circulars. 

ARTICLE XV. 

These General Laws may be added to, altered, or amended, at any regular 
session of the Supreme Lodge by a majority vote of the Representatives 
voting. Any amendment submitted shall be offered and laid over at least 
one day previous to being acted upon. 



APPENDIX. 517 

CONSTITUTION 

FOR THE 

GOVERNMENT OF SUBORDINATE DIVISIONS. 



ARTICLE I. 

Section i. The Division shall be known as Division, No. — , 

of Uniform Rank Knights of Pythias. 

Sec. 2. Stated meetings shall be held at such time and place as shall 
be fixed by the by-laws. 

- Special meetings for conferring the Uniform Rank, or other business, shall 
be held upon the order of the Captain (Sir Knight Commander), or upon the 
written request of any seven members of the Division in good standing. 

No business shall be transacted at a special meeting except that which was 
specified in the call convening such meeting. 

Sec. 3. In the absence of the Captain, the First Lieutenant shall preside; 
in the absence of the First Lieutenant, the Second Lieutenant shall preside ; 
and in the absence of the Captain, First and Second Lieutenants, the meeting 
shall select a presiding officer pro tempore. 

Sec. 4. Each Division of the Uniform Rank shall have an official seal, 
furnished by the Supreme Lodge, which shall be affixed to all official docu- 
ments. 

Semi-annual reports shall be made to the Supreme Chancellor and Major- 
General commanding the Supreme Division on blanks furnished, which reports 
shall be forwarded to the Supreme Chancellor through the Supreme Keeper 
of Records and Seal, and to the Major-General commanding through the 
intermediate channels, on the 19th day of February and on the 28th day 
of August of each year; and the report made on the 19th day of February, 
as herein provided, must be accompanied by the Division dues to the Supreme 
Lodge of five dollars, which amount shall be forwarded to the Supreme Keeper 
of Records and Seal, as provided in Sec. 8, Art. V., General Laws U. R. 

ARTICLE II. 

Section i. Officers of the Division, and the time and manner of their 

election, shall be as provided in the General Laws governing the Uniform 

Rank. 

Sec. 2. The Captain (Sir Knight Commander) has it in special charge — 
I. To see that the by-laws of his Division are duly observed, as well as 

the constitution, statutes, rules, and edicts of the Regimental Division and 

of the Supreme Lodge of the World. 
44 



5 18 APPENDIX. 

' 2. That accurate accounts are kept and just accounts rendered. 

3. That regular returns are made to the Supreme Chancellor and Major- 
General semi-annually, and that the annual dues are promptly paid. 

4. It is his duty, together with the First and Second Lieutenants, to attend 
all meetings of the Regimental Division. 

5. He shall preside at all meetings of the Division, appoint all committees, 
unless otherwise ordered, and at the last meeting in each term preceding the 
election of officers, shall appoint a committee to audit the books and accounts 
of the financial officers. 

He shall decide all questions of order, subject to an appeal from his decision 
by the Division, and give the casting vote on all questions where a tie exists, 
except in an election of officers and an appeal from his decision. In all elec- 
tions he shall sit as judge, inspect all ballots for membership, and announce 
the result to the Division. 

He shall sign all orders on the Sir Knight Treasurer which may be ordered 
by the Division, and other papers which may require his signature. 

His position in the armory is in the first official chair, or that of the presid- 
ing officer, and his duties those that are herein prescribed, and also those that 
are found in the Ritual of the Rank. 

On parade, he shall occupy the position with his command prescribed in 
the Drill Manual and Tactics governing the Uniform Rank. 

He shall be responsible for the drill and discipline of his Division, and it 
shall be his duty to see that the regulations are enforced, and his Division 
properly instructed and exercised in the official Manual of Tactics. 

And on failure to perform any of these prescribed duties he shall be subject 
to discipline, and, in case of conviction, shall forfeit his command. 

Sec. 3. The First Lieutenant shall assist the Captain in preserving order 
and decorum in the armory. 

In the absence of the Captain, he shall preside, and perform all the duties 
which devolve upon the Captain, and his position in the armory will be in 
the second official chair. 

On parade, his position is that defined in the Tactics. In the absence of 
the Captain, he is invested with the command of the Division, and shall per- 
form the full duties of that office, as prescribed in the Ritual and Tactics. 

Sec. 4. The Second Lieutenant, in the absence of both senior officers, 
shall preside at the meetings of the Division and discharge the duties laid 
down for their government. On parade he shall take the position assigned 
to him by virtue of his office as prescribed in the Tactics. Should the com- 
mand at any time devolve upon him, he shall strictly observe the duties of 
the senior officer as prescribed in the Ritual and Tactics. 

Sec. 5. It shall be the duty of the Sir Knight Recorder to keep and enter 
in a book provided for that purpose the minutes of the proceedings of the 
meetings of the Division, read the same at the next regular meeting, keep 



APPENDIX. 519 

the accounts of the members, collect dues and assessments and pay the same 
over to the Sir Knight Treasurer, taking his receipt therefor. At the end of 
his term he shall make an annual report of the condition of the Division on 
the form furnished by the Supreme Lodge, and deliver the same to the in- 
stalling officer as prescribed by the General Laws of the Uniform Rank. He 
shall conduct such correspondence as may be assigned to him from time to 
time. His books and accounts shall at all times be open for inspection by 
the Commander and duly authorized committee. He shall draw all drafts 
upon the Sir Knight Treasurer authorized by the Division, present them to 
the Captain for his signature, and perform any other duty required by the 
By-Laws of the Division or the laws of the Rank, and such duties as are 
prescribed in the Ritual. 

Sec. 6. It shall be the duty of the Sir Knight Treasurer to keep a correct 
account of all moneys received, and pay all drafts upon him by the Captain, 
and make detailed reports semi-annually of all moneys received and paid 
out, and the general condition of the funds. He shall give a proper bond 
for the faithful discharge of his duties before his installation. He shall keep 
his books open at all times for inspection by the Captain and Auditing Com- 
mittees. He shall perform such other duties as may be required by the By- 
Laws of the Division and the Laws and Ritual of this. Rank. 

In case of refusal to furnish proper bond, his office shall be declared va- 
cant and a new election ordered by the Captain. 

Sec. 7. It shall be the duty of the Sir Knight Guard to keep a correct 
roll of the members of the Division and to call the same at the close of each 
and every parade and drill, and keep a record of the same. 

He shall convey all summons for special meetings, drills, and parades, 
which may be ordered; provide music for the Division when ordered so to 
do; and have the special charge of all property under the head of colors, 
standards, or camp equipage : Provided, however, That Divisions that may 
so desire may elect Property Trustees for the care of all the property of the 
Division. 

He shall perform all other duties required by the By-Laws of the Division 
and the Ritual and Tactics of this Rank. 

His position in line shall be that of right guide, on the right of the Di- 
vision, as prescribed by the Tactics. 

Sec. 8. The Sir Knight Sentinel shall perform such duties as the Ritual 
of the Rank directs, to open and close the Armory for all meetings and 
drills, and such other duties as may be required by the By-Laws of the Di- 
vision. 

Sec. 9. A Standard-Bearer may be appointed by the Captain, and will 
discharge the duties laid down in the Tactics ; his post in line, No. 3 in the 
right centre section of fours. 



520 APPENDIX. 

ARTICLE III. 

MEMBERSHIP. 

Section i. Application for membership in the Uniform Rank must be 
accompanied by the official receipt showing that the applicant is in good 
standing in the Lodge to which he belongs and such a fee as the Division 
may prescribe in their By-Laws. 

Sec. 2. An application may be received, considered by a committee of 
three, the candidate balloted for, and, if elected, the Rank conferred the 
same meeting. 

Sec. 3. An applicant for membership shall be balloted for by ball ballot. 
Should two or more black balls appear, the ballot shall be immediately re- 
newed ; should two or more black balls appear on the second ballot, he shall 
be declared rejected, and no ballot shall be taken for the period of six months 
thereafter, and then only on a renewed application in the prescribed form, 

Sec. 4. A member desiring to withdraw from membership shall be en- 
titled to receive an honorable discharge by paying all assessments and 
charges appearing against him on the books of the Division, such discharge 
to be furnished by the Supreme Lodge, signed by the Supreme Keeper of 
Records and Seal, and countersigned by the Captain and Sir Knight Re- 
corder of the Division. Said discharge shall be given for all time, or until 
deposited in a Division. 

Sec. 5. An application for admission upon deposit of an honorable dis- 
charge, shall be accompanied by such fee as the Division may prescribe, and 
shall be subject to the same ballot as an original application for membership. 

Sec. 6. A member shall be suspended from this Rank for a violation of 
any part of the obligation assumed on becoming a member thereof. In case 
of suspension for any cause, he shall be reinstated, pay the admission fee, 
and be subject to the same ballot as when first admitted. 

Sec. 7. A member shall be considered in good standing in the Division, 
as regards dues, who is not more than six months in arrears for dues to his 
Lodge, and shall not be considered in good standing as regards dues when 
he is more than six months in arrears for dues in his Lodge. 

Sec. 8. A member visiting a Division, other than the Division of which 
he is a member, may, by permission of the Sir Knight Commander, attend 
such meeting without being in uniform. 

ARTICLE IV. 

BY-LAWS. 

Section i. Each Division shall have the right to make By-Laws for its 
own government not inconsistent with these laws, and shall provide such 



APPENDIX. 521 

revenue as may be necessary to defray the expenses of the meetings and pre- 
scribe their own order of business. 

Sec. 2. Such Division may also provide by By-Laws a Code of Proced- 
ure not inconsistent with the laws of the Supreme Lodge, by which all 
charges for violation of the obligation of this Rank, or violation of the laws 
thereof, shall be preferred and trials of the same conducted. 

ARTICLE V. 

This Constitution may be added to, altered, or amended at any regular 
session of the Supreme Lodge by a two-thirds vote of the Representatives 
voting. 

Any amendments submitted shall be offered and left over at least one day 
previous to being acted upon. 
44* 



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